WEBVTT
Kind: captions
Language: en

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okay<00:00:01.280><c> so</c><00:00:01.439><c> if</c><00:00:01.520><c> we</c><00:00:01.680><c> could</c><00:00:01.839><c> start</c><00:00:02.159><c> with</c><00:00:02.399><c> your</c><00:00:02.639><c> name</c>

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okay so if we could start with your name
 

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okay so if we could start with your name
and<00:00:03.199><c> where</c><00:00:03.439><c> and</c><00:00:03.520><c> when</c><00:00:03.679><c> you</c><00:00:03.840><c> were</c><00:00:04.080><c> born</c>

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and where and when you were born
 

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and where and when you were born
okay<00:00:05.440><c> um</c><00:00:06.399><c> i'm</c><00:00:06.720><c> robert</c><00:00:07.120><c> o</c><00:00:07.279><c> ambrose</c><00:00:07.919><c> i</c><00:00:08.080><c> was</c><00:00:08.400><c> born</c>

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okay um i'm robert o ambrose i was born
 

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okay um i'm robert o ambrose i was born
in<00:00:09.240><c> 1964</c><00:00:10.639><c> in</c><00:00:10.960><c> boston</c><00:00:11.840><c> united</c><00:00:12.160><c> states</c>

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in 1964 in boston united states
 

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in 1964 in boston united states
and<00:00:14.240><c> did</c><00:00:14.400><c> you</c><00:00:14.639><c> stay</c><00:00:14.799><c> in</c><00:00:14.960><c> justin</c><00:00:15.360><c> did</c><00:00:15.519><c> you</c><00:00:15.759><c> go</c><00:00:15.920><c> to</c>

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and did you stay in justin did you go to
 

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and did you stay in justin did you go to
school<00:00:16.320><c> there</c>

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school there
 

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school there
we<00:00:17.600><c> uh</c><00:00:18.000><c> we</c><00:00:18.160><c> moved</c><00:00:18.400><c> from</c><00:00:18.560><c> boston</c><00:00:19.279><c> very</c><00:00:19.600><c> soon</c>

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we uh we moved from boston very soon
 

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we uh we moved from boston very soon
after<00:00:20.080><c> i</c><00:00:20.160><c> was</c><00:00:20.400><c> born</c>

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after i was born
 

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after i was born
my<00:00:21.840><c> parents</c><00:00:22.080><c> were</c><00:00:22.240><c> in</c><00:00:22.320><c> school</c><00:00:22.640><c> there</c><00:00:23.039><c> and</c><00:00:23.199><c> we</c>

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my parents were in school there and we
 

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my parents were in school there and we
moved<00:00:23.680><c> to</c><00:00:24.000><c> houston</c><00:00:24.320><c> texas</c>

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moved to houston texas
 

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moved to houston texas
and<00:00:26.960><c> did</c><00:00:27.119><c> you</c><00:00:27.359><c> and</c><00:00:27.760><c> that's</c><00:00:28.000><c> where</c><00:00:28.240><c> you</c><00:00:28.320><c> went</c><00:00:28.560><c> to</c>

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and did you and that's where you went to
 

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and did you and that's where you went to
college

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college
 

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college
as<00:00:29.920><c> well</c><00:00:30.160><c> or</c><00:00:30.400><c> no</c><00:00:30.960><c> so</c><00:00:31.359><c> we</c><00:00:31.840><c> moved</c><00:00:32.000><c> to</c><00:00:32.160><c> houston</c>

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as well or no so we moved to houston
 

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as well or no so we moved to houston
i<00:00:32.880><c> went</c><00:00:33.120><c> to</c><00:00:34.800><c> elementary</c><00:00:35.360><c> school</c><00:00:35.520><c> in</c><00:00:35.600><c> the</c>

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i went to elementary school in the
 

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i went to elementary school in the
houston<00:00:36.079><c> area</c>

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houston area
 

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houston area
and<00:00:36.800><c> then</c><00:00:36.960><c> we</c><00:00:37.120><c> moved</c><00:00:37.360><c> to</c><00:00:37.440><c> chicago</c><00:00:38.079><c> i</c><00:00:38.800><c> went</c><00:00:38.960><c> to</c>

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and then we moved to chicago i went to
 

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and then we moved to chicago i went to
elementary<00:00:39.600><c> school</c><00:00:39.840><c> there</c><00:00:40.079><c> as</c><00:00:40.239><c> well</c>

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elementary school there as well
 

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elementary school there as well
then<00:00:41.520><c> back</c><00:00:41.680><c> to</c><00:00:41.840><c> houston</c><00:00:43.200><c> and</c><00:00:43.440><c> i</c><00:00:43.600><c> finished</c>

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then back to houston and i finished
 

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then back to houston and i finished
through<00:00:44.239><c> high</c><00:00:44.399><c> school</c>

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through high school
 

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through high school
in<00:00:45.120><c> the</c><00:00:45.280><c> houston</c><00:00:45.600><c> area</c><00:00:47.600><c> and</c><00:00:47.760><c> then</c>

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in the houston area and then
 

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in the houston area and then
college<00:00:48.559><c> i</c><00:00:48.719><c> went</c><00:00:48.800><c> to</c><00:00:49.039><c> washington</c><00:00:49.520><c> university</c>

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college i went to washington university
 

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college i went to washington university
in<00:00:50.079><c> st</c><00:00:50.320><c> louis</c><00:00:51.199><c> which</c><00:00:51.440><c> is</c><00:00:51.600><c> in</c><00:00:51.760><c> st</c>

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in st louis which is in st
 

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in st louis which is in st
louis<00:00:52.960><c> and</c><00:00:53.520><c> i</c><00:00:53.760><c> got</c><00:00:54.000><c> a</c><00:00:54.079><c> bachelor's</c><00:00:54.640><c> in</c>

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louis and i got a bachelor's in
 

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louis and i got a bachelor's in
mechanical<00:00:55.280><c> engineering</c>

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mechanical engineering
 

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mechanical engineering
and<00:00:56.399><c> a</c><00:00:56.559><c> master's</c><00:00:56.960><c> in</c><00:00:57.039><c> mechanical</c><00:00:57.600><c> engineering</c>

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and a master's in mechanical engineering
 

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and a master's in mechanical engineering
then

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then
 

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then
moved<00:01:00.640><c> to</c><00:01:01.199><c> austin</c><00:01:02.239><c> and</c><00:01:02.800><c> i</c><00:01:02.879><c> got</c><00:01:03.039><c> married</c>

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moved to austin and i got married
 

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moved to austin and i got married
and<00:01:04.320><c> my</c><00:01:04.479><c> wife</c><00:01:04.799><c> and</c><00:01:04.879><c> i</c><00:01:05.040><c> both</c><00:01:05.280><c> went</c><00:01:05.439><c> to</c><00:01:05.760><c> graduate</c>

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and my wife and i both went to graduate
 

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and my wife and i both went to graduate
school<00:01:06.720><c> in</c><00:01:06.960><c> austin</c><00:01:07.280><c> at</c><00:01:07.439><c> the</c><00:01:07.520><c> university</c><00:01:07.840><c> of</c>

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school in austin at the university of
 

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school in austin at the university of
texas<00:01:08.320><c> in</c><00:01:08.479><c> austin</c>

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texas in austin
 

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texas in austin
i<00:01:10.000><c> continued</c><00:01:10.560><c> in</c><00:01:10.799><c> mechanical</c><00:01:11.360><c> engineering</c>

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i continued in mechanical engineering
 

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i continued in mechanical engineering
especially<00:01:12.880><c> on</c>

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especially on
 

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especially on
robot<00:01:13.520><c> system</c><00:01:13.760><c> design</c><00:01:15.280><c> how</c><00:01:15.439><c> did</c><00:01:15.600><c> you</c><00:01:15.759><c> decide</c>

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robot system design how did you decide
 

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robot system design how did you decide
to<00:01:16.320><c> go</c><00:01:16.479><c> into</c><00:01:16.640><c> mechanical</c><00:01:17.200><c> engineering</c><00:01:17.600><c> in</c><00:01:17.759><c> the</c>

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to go into mechanical engineering in the
 

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to go into mechanical engineering in the
first<00:01:18.080><c> place</c>

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first place
 

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first place
well<00:01:18.960><c> i</c><00:01:19.280><c> actually</c><00:01:19.600><c> wanted</c><00:01:19.840><c> to</c><00:01:20.000><c> do</c><00:01:20.320><c> three</c>

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well i actually wanted to do three
 

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well i actually wanted to do three
majors<00:01:21.680><c> and</c>

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majors and
 

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majors and
it<00:01:23.200><c> wasn't</c><00:01:23.520><c> possible</c><00:01:24.000><c> in</c><00:01:24.080><c> the</c><00:01:24.240><c> amount</c><00:01:24.479><c> of</c><00:01:24.560><c> time</c>

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it wasn't possible in the amount of time
 

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it wasn't possible in the amount of time
that<00:01:24.880><c> i</c><00:01:25.280><c> wanted</c><00:01:25.520><c> to</c>

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that i wanted to
 

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that i wanted to
i<00:01:26.720><c> decided</c><00:01:27.119><c> i</c><00:01:27.200><c> would</c><00:01:27.280><c> rather</c><00:01:27.520><c> do</c><00:01:27.920><c> graduate</c>

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i decided i would rather do graduate
 

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i decided i would rather do graduate
work<00:01:28.640><c> than</c>

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work than
 

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work than
three<00:01:30.400><c> majors</c><00:01:30.720><c> but</c><00:01:30.880><c> what</c><00:01:30.960><c> i</c><00:01:31.040><c> really</c><00:01:31.280><c> wanted</c>

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three majors but what i really wanted
 

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three majors but what i really wanted
was<00:01:31.840><c> physics</c><00:01:32.400><c> mechanical</c><00:01:32.880><c> engineering</c><00:01:33.360><c> and</c>

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was physics mechanical engineering and
 

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was physics mechanical engineering and
electrical<00:01:34.000><c> engineering</c>

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electrical engineering
 

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electrical engineering
and<00:01:35.200><c> i</c><00:01:35.439><c> compared</c><00:01:36.000><c> the</c><00:01:37.759><c> the</c><00:01:37.920><c> syllabus</c><00:01:38.400><c> that</c><00:01:38.560><c> was</c>

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and i compared the the syllabus that was
 

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and i compared the the syllabus that was
available<00:01:39.200><c> for</c><00:01:39.360><c> all</c><00:01:39.520><c> three</c><00:01:39.680><c> of</c><00:01:39.759><c> those</c><00:01:40.000><c> degrees</c>

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available for all three of those degrees
 

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available for all three of those degrees
and<00:01:40.960><c> they</c><00:01:41.119><c> were</c><00:01:41.439><c> based</c><00:01:41.840><c> basically</c><00:01:42.320><c> mutually</c>

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and they were based basically mutually
 

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and they were based basically mutually
exclusive<00:01:43.520><c> so</c><00:01:43.680><c> there</c><00:01:43.840><c> was</c><00:01:44.079><c> almost</c><00:01:44.320><c> no</c><00:01:44.560><c> overlap</c>

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exclusive so there was almost no overlap
 

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exclusive so there was almost no overlap
so<00:01:47.200><c> not</c><00:01:47.360><c> even</c><00:01:47.680><c> the</c><00:01:47.840><c> freshman</c><00:01:48.320><c> year</c><00:01:48.640><c> so</c>

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so not even the freshman year so
 

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so not even the freshman year so
i<00:01:49.680><c> realized</c><00:01:50.159><c> it</c><00:01:50.240><c> was</c><00:01:50.399><c> going</c><00:01:50.479><c> to</c><00:01:50.560><c> take</c><00:01:51.119><c> 12</c><00:01:51.439><c> years</c>

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i realized it was going to take 12 years
 

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i realized it was going to take 12 years
to<00:01:51.920><c> get</c>

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to get
 

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to get
all<00:01:53.040><c> three</c><00:01:53.280><c> degrees</c><00:01:53.680><c> and</c><00:01:53.759><c> i</c><00:01:53.920><c> decided</c><00:01:54.240><c> i'd</c>

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all three degrees and i decided i'd
 

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all three degrees and i decided i'd
rather<00:01:54.799><c> get</c><00:01:55.040><c> a</c><00:01:55.119><c> different</c><00:01:55.360><c> set</c><00:01:55.520><c> of</c><00:01:55.680><c> three</c>

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rather get a different set of three
 

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rather get a different set of three
degrees<00:01:56.240><c> in</c><00:01:56.320><c> less</c><00:01:56.560><c> than</c><00:01:56.719><c> 12</c><00:01:56.960><c> years</c>

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degrees in less than 12 years
 

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degrees in less than 12 years
so<00:01:58.159><c> i</c><00:01:58.479><c> looked</c><00:01:58.719><c> at</c><00:01:58.799><c> the</c><00:02:00.240><c> syllabi</c>

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so i looked at the syllabi
 

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so i looked at the syllabi
and<00:02:01.759><c> i</c><00:02:01.920><c> saw</c><00:02:02.320><c> that</c><00:02:03.040><c> the</c><00:02:03.439><c> parts</c><00:02:03.840><c> of</c><00:02:03.920><c> physics</c><00:02:04.320><c> that</c>

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and i saw that the parts of physics that
 

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and i saw that the parts of physics that
i<00:02:04.479><c> was</c><00:02:04.640><c> most</c><00:02:04.880><c> interested</c><00:02:05.439><c> in</c>

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i was most interested in
 

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i was most interested in
were<00:02:06.719><c> well</c><00:02:06.960><c> covered</c><00:02:07.360><c> in</c><00:02:07.439><c> mechanical</c>

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were well covered in mechanical
 

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were well covered in mechanical
engineering

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engineering
 

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engineering
and<00:02:11.039><c> the</c><00:02:12.160><c> mechanical</c><00:02:12.720><c> curriculum</c><00:02:13.200><c> required</c>

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and the mechanical curriculum required
 

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and the mechanical curriculum required
that<00:02:13.599><c> i</c><00:02:13.680><c> take</c><00:02:13.840><c> a</c><00:02:13.920><c> lot</c><00:02:14.000><c> of</c><00:02:14.160><c> electrical</c>

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that i take a lot of electrical
 

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that i take a lot of electrical
engineering<00:02:14.959><c> classes</c><00:02:15.520><c> whereas</c><00:02:15.920><c> the</c>

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engineering classes whereas the
 

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engineering classes whereas the
electrical<00:02:16.560><c> curriculum</c>

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electrical curriculum
 

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electrical curriculum
had<00:02:17.840><c> no</c><00:02:18.000><c> mechanical</c><00:02:18.560><c> engineering</c><00:02:18.959><c> classes</c><00:02:19.440><c> so</c>

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had no mechanical engineering classes so
 

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had no mechanical engineering classes so
i<00:02:19.680><c> decided</c><00:02:20.000><c> to</c><00:02:20.080><c> go</c><00:02:20.239><c> mechanical</c>

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i decided to go mechanical
 

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i decided to go mechanical
but<00:02:21.920><c> since</c><00:02:22.160><c> then</c><00:02:22.400><c> i've</c><00:02:22.560><c> always</c><00:02:22.800><c> been</c><00:02:23.760><c> very</c>

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but since then i've always been very
 

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but since then i've always been very
interested<00:02:24.480><c> in</c><00:02:24.720><c> what</c><00:02:24.879><c> i</c><00:02:24.959><c> consider</c><00:02:25.360><c> to</c><00:02:25.440><c> be</c>

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interested in what i consider to be
 

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interested in what i consider to be
mechatronics

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mechatronics
 

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mechatronics
and<00:02:27.599><c> as</c><00:02:27.840><c> i</c><00:02:27.920><c> got</c><00:02:28.160><c> into</c><00:02:29.680><c> my</c><00:02:29.840><c> phd</c><00:02:30.400><c> work</c>

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and as i got into my phd work
 

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and as i got into my phd work
i<00:02:31.760><c> spent</c><00:02:31.920><c> a</c><00:02:32.000><c> lot</c><00:02:32.160><c> of</c><00:02:32.239><c> time</c><00:02:32.640><c> on</c><00:02:32.959><c> electrical</c>

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i spent a lot of time on electrical
 

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i spent a lot of time on electrical
design

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design
 

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design
and<00:02:34.160><c> software</c><00:02:34.840><c> design</c><00:02:35.760><c> uh</c><00:02:36.000><c> in</c><00:02:36.080><c> addition</c><00:02:36.400><c> to</c>

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and software design uh in addition to
 

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and software design uh in addition to
mechanical<00:02:36.959><c> engineering</c>

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mechanical engineering
 

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mechanical engineering
if<00:02:38.800><c> you</c><00:02:38.879><c> were</c><00:02:39.040><c> to</c><00:02:39.120><c> back</c><00:02:39.360><c> up</c><00:02:39.440><c> a</c><00:02:39.519><c> little</c><00:02:39.599><c> bit</c><00:02:39.760><c> more</c>

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if you were to back up a little bit more
 

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if you were to back up a little bit more
and<00:02:40.400><c> well</c><00:02:40.560><c> what</c><00:02:40.879><c> got</c><00:02:41.040><c> you</c><00:02:41.200><c> interested</c><00:02:41.440><c> in</c><00:02:41.599><c> the</c>

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and well what got you interested in the
 

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and well what got you interested in the
three

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three
 

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three
areas<00:02:43.040><c> there</c><00:02:43.200><c> i</c><00:02:43.280><c> mean</c><00:02:43.440><c> that's</c><00:02:43.680><c> a</c><00:02:43.840><c> pretty</c>

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areas there i mean that's a pretty
 

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areas there i mean that's a pretty
ambitious<00:02:45.200><c> undergraduate</c>

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ambitious undergraduate
 

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ambitious undergraduate
so<00:02:46.319><c> the</c><00:02:46.480><c> three</c><00:02:46.720><c> areas</c><00:02:47.040><c> of</c><00:02:47.120><c> physics</c><00:02:47.760><c> and</c><00:02:48.319><c> uh</c>

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so the three areas of physics and uh
 

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so the three areas of physics and uh
well<00:02:48.879><c> i</c><00:02:48.959><c> like</c><00:02:49.200><c> physics</c>

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well i like physics
 

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well i like physics
and<00:02:51.280><c> the</c><00:02:51.519><c> parts</c><00:02:51.840><c> of</c><00:02:51.920><c> physics</c><00:02:52.319><c> that</c><00:02:52.400><c> i</c><00:02:52.480><c> like</c><00:02:52.640><c> the</c>

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and the parts of physics that i like the
 

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and the parts of physics that i like the
most<00:02:53.120><c> are</c>

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most are
 

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most are
mechanical<00:02:54.560><c> and</c><00:02:54.640><c> electrical</c><00:02:56.160><c> in</c><00:02:56.319><c> nature</c>

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mechanical and electrical in nature
 

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mechanical and electrical in nature
so<00:02:59.519><c> i'm</c><00:02:59.920><c> really</c><00:03:00.159><c> into</c><00:03:00.400><c> electromechanical</c>

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so i'm really into electromechanical
 

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so i'm really into electromechanical
systems

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systems
 

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systems
and<00:03:04.239><c> so</c><00:03:04.400><c> i</c><00:03:04.720><c> was</c><00:03:04.879><c> looking</c><00:03:05.120><c> for</c><00:03:05.280><c> a</c><00:03:05.360><c> degree</c><00:03:05.760><c> that</c>

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and so i was looking for a degree that
 

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and so i was looking for a degree that
would<00:03:06.080><c> allow</c><00:03:06.319><c> me</c><00:03:06.480><c> to</c><00:03:06.560><c> work</c><00:03:06.800><c> in</c><00:03:06.879><c> that</c><00:03:07.120><c> area</c>

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would allow me to work in that area
 

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would allow me to work in that area
and<00:03:08.159><c> then</c><00:03:08.400><c> i</c><00:03:08.640><c> started</c><00:03:08.959><c> to</c><00:03:09.120><c> develop</c><00:03:09.840><c> an</c>

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and then i started to develop an
 

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and then i started to develop an
interest<00:03:10.480><c> in</c>

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interest in
 

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interest in
the<00:03:11.440><c> software</c><00:03:11.840><c> engineering</c><00:03:12.319><c> aspects</c><00:03:12.720><c> of</c>

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the software engineering aspects of
 

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the software engineering aspects of
robotics<00:03:14.000><c> i</c><00:03:14.239><c> feel</c><00:03:14.480><c> those</c><00:03:14.640><c> are</c><00:03:14.720><c> the</c><00:03:15.120><c> three</c><00:03:15.360><c> key</c>

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robotics i feel those are the three key
 

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robotics i feel those are the three key
things<00:03:15.760><c> mechanical</c><00:03:16.319><c> electrical</c><00:03:16.800><c> and</c>

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things mechanical electrical and
 

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things mechanical electrical and
software<00:03:17.280><c> engineering</c><00:03:17.840><c> and</c>

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software engineering and
 

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software engineering and
robotics<00:03:18.800><c> together</c><00:03:19.120><c> it</c><00:03:19.120><c> was</c><00:03:19.280><c> just</c><00:03:19.360><c> something</c>

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robotics together it was just something
 

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robotics together it was just something
in<00:03:19.760><c> high</c><00:03:19.920><c> school</c><00:03:20.159><c> maybe</c><00:03:20.480><c> like</c><00:03:20.640><c> a</c><00:03:20.720><c> subject</c><00:03:21.120><c> in</c>

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in high school maybe like a subject in
 

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in high school maybe like a subject in
high<00:03:21.360><c> school</c><00:03:21.599><c> and</c><00:03:21.680><c> you</c><00:03:21.840><c> know</c><00:03:22.000><c> i</c><00:03:22.080><c> went</c><00:03:22.319><c> into</c>

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high school and you know i went into
 

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high school and you know i went into
class

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class
 

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class
i've<00:03:24.560><c> been</c><00:03:24.720><c> building</c><00:03:25.680><c> things</c><00:03:26.640><c> my</c><00:03:26.879><c> whole</c><00:03:27.120><c> life</c>

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i've been building things my whole life
 

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i've been building things my whole life
and<00:03:28.400><c> i</c><00:03:28.640><c> always</c><00:03:28.959><c> like</c><00:03:29.920><c> motors</c><00:03:30.480><c> and</c>

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and i always like motors and
 

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and i always like motors and
electricity<00:03:31.840><c> and</c><00:03:33.280><c> gears</c><00:03:33.920><c> and</c>

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electricity and gears and
 

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electricity and gears and
mechanisms<00:03:36.640><c> and</c>

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i've<00:03:39.840><c> been</c><00:03:40.000><c> building</c><00:03:40.319><c> things</c><00:03:40.560><c> with</c><00:03:40.720><c> electric</c>

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i've been building things with electric
 

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i've been building things with electric
motors<00:03:41.519><c> in</c><00:03:41.599><c> them</c><00:03:41.920><c> since</c><00:03:42.400><c> maybe</c>

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motors in them since maybe
 

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motors in them since maybe
age<00:03:45.120><c> kinds</c><00:03:45.519><c> of</c><00:03:44.840><c> five</c><00:03:45.920><c> have</c><00:03:46.080><c> you</c><00:03:46.239><c> built</c>

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age kinds of five have you built
 

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age kinds of five have you built
uh<00:03:48.159><c> well</c><00:03:48.560><c> i've</c><00:03:48.959><c> i've</c><00:03:49.200><c> built</c><00:03:49.440><c> a</c><00:03:49.519><c> number</c><00:03:49.760><c> of</c>

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uh well i've i've built a number of
 

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uh well i've i've built a number of
robotic<00:03:50.319><c> systems</c>

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robotic systems
 

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robotic systems
more<00:03:51.200><c> recently</c><00:03:52.239><c> but</c><00:03:52.400><c> back</c><00:03:52.640><c> when</c><00:03:52.799><c> i</c><00:03:52.879><c> was</c><00:03:53.200><c> i</c><00:03:53.360><c> was</c>

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more recently but back when i was i was
 

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more recently but back when i was i was
from<00:03:54.640><c> five-year-old</c>

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from five-year-old
 

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from five-year-old
[Laughter]

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[Laughter]
 

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[Laughter]
boats<00:03:59.040><c> airplanes</c>

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boats airplanes
 

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boats airplanes
um

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cars<00:04:05.680><c> and</c>

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cars and
 

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cars and
at<00:04:07.760><c> age</c><00:04:08.000><c> five</c><00:04:08.239><c> i</c><00:04:08.319><c> would</c><00:04:08.480><c> build</c><00:04:08.799><c> things</c><00:04:09.200><c> and</c>

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at age five i would build things and
 

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at age five i would build things and
turn<00:04:09.599><c> them</c><00:04:09.760><c> on</c><00:04:09.920><c> and</c><00:04:10.319><c> watch</c><00:04:10.560><c> what</c><00:04:10.720><c> happened</c>

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turn them on and watch what happened
 

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turn them on and watch what happened
there<00:04:11.840><c> was</c><00:04:12.159><c> not</c><00:04:12.319><c> a</c><00:04:12.400><c> whole</c><00:04:12.560><c> lot</c><00:04:12.799><c> of</c><00:04:13.439><c> closing</c>

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there was not a whole lot of closing
 

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there was not a whole lot of closing
control<00:04:14.400><c> going</c><00:04:14.640><c> on</c>

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control going on
 

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control going on
by<00:04:16.799><c> the</c><00:04:16.959><c> time</c><00:04:17.120><c> i</c><00:04:17.280><c> got</c><00:04:17.440><c> into</c><00:04:18.079><c> middle</c><00:04:18.320><c> school</c><00:04:19.519><c> i</c>

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by the time i got into middle school i
 

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by the time i got into middle school i
didn't<00:04:19.919><c> understand</c><00:04:20.320><c> what</c><00:04:20.479><c> it</c><00:04:20.560><c> was</c>

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didn't understand what it was
 

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didn't understand what it was
but<00:04:21.280><c> i</c><00:04:21.440><c> built</c><00:04:21.759><c> a</c><00:04:22.160><c> closed</c><00:04:23.280><c> loop</c><00:04:23.840><c> control</c><00:04:24.240><c> system</c>

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but i built a closed loop control system
 

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but i built a closed loop control system
for<00:04:25.120><c> a</c><00:04:25.280><c> solar</c><00:04:25.680><c> collector</c><00:04:27.040><c> that</c><00:04:27.360><c> was</c><00:04:27.600><c> pointing</c>

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for a solar collector that was pointing
 

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for a solar collector that was pointing
at<00:04:28.080><c> the</c><00:04:28.160><c> sun</c><00:04:28.560><c> using</c><00:04:28.880><c> a</c><00:04:29.199><c> photoresistor</c><00:04:30.639><c> with</c><00:04:30.880><c> a</c>

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at the sun using a photoresistor with a
 

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at the sun using a photoresistor with a
tube

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tube
 

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tube
and<00:04:31.520><c> when</c><00:04:31.759><c> it</c><00:04:31.840><c> would</c><00:04:32.800><c> when</c><00:04:32.960><c> the</c><00:04:33.120><c> sun</c><00:04:33.360><c> would</c>

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and when it would when the sun would
 

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and when it would when the sun would
move<00:04:33.919><c> and</c><00:04:34.080><c> cast</c><00:04:34.400><c> a</c><00:04:34.639><c> shadow</c><00:04:35.120><c> it</c><00:04:35.199><c> would</c>

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move and cast a shadow it would
 

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move and cast a shadow it would
turn<00:04:36.320><c> on</c><00:04:36.479><c> the</c><00:04:36.560><c> motor</c><00:04:36.960><c> and</c><00:04:37.120><c> it</c><00:04:37.199><c> would</c><00:04:38.160><c> re-point</c>

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turn on the motor and it would re-point
 

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turn on the motor and it would re-point
it

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it
 

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it
and<00:04:40.479><c> it</c><00:04:40.880><c> that's</c><00:04:41.120><c> when</c><00:04:41.280><c> i</c><00:04:41.759><c> that's</c><00:04:42.000><c> my</c><00:04:42.240><c> first</c>

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and it that's when i that's my first
 

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and it that's when i that's my first
experience<00:04:42.960><c> with</c>

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experience with
 

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experience with
closed<00:04:43.520><c> loop</c><00:04:43.680><c> control</c><00:04:44.080><c> systems</c><00:04:45.360><c> and</c><00:04:45.520><c> i</c><00:04:45.600><c> didn't</c>

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closed loop control systems and i didn't
 

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closed loop control systems and i didn't
understand<00:04:46.160><c> the</c><00:04:46.320><c> math</c>

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understand the math
 

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understand the math
i<00:04:46.880><c> was</c><00:04:47.120><c> just</c><00:04:47.919><c> completely</c><00:04:48.400><c> winging</c><00:04:48.800><c> it</c>

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i was just completely winging it
 

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i was just completely winging it
obviously

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obviously
 

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obviously
but<00:04:50.639><c> um</c><00:04:52.400><c> and</c><00:04:52.639><c> still</c><00:04:52.880><c> do</c>

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but um and still do
 

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but um and still do
maybe<00:04:53.600><c> but</c><00:04:54.080><c> uh</c><00:04:55.199><c> the</c>

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maybe but uh the
 

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maybe but uh the
experience<00:04:58.000><c> had</c><00:04:58.160><c> a</c><00:04:58.240><c> lot</c><00:04:58.320><c> of</c><00:04:58.479><c> impact</c><00:04:58.800><c> i</c><00:04:58.880><c> mean</c><00:04:59.040><c> i</c>

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experience had a lot of impact i mean i
 

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experience had a lot of impact i mean i
remember<00:04:59.840><c> playing</c><00:05:00.080><c> with</c><00:05:00.320><c> friction</c>

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remember playing with friction
 

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remember playing with friction
to<00:05:01.360><c> add</c><00:05:01.600><c> friction</c><00:05:02.000><c> into</c><00:05:02.240><c> the</c><00:05:02.560><c> the</c><00:05:02.720><c> system</c>

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to add friction into the the system
 

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to add friction into the the system
which<00:05:03.600><c> caused</c><00:05:03.919><c> things</c><00:05:04.160><c> to</c><00:05:04.320><c> be</c><00:05:04.479><c> stable</c>

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which caused things to be stable
 

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which caused things to be stable
but<00:05:05.600><c> then</c><00:05:05.759><c> i</c><00:05:05.919><c> noticed</c><00:05:06.320><c> that</c><00:05:06.479><c> i</c><00:05:06.960><c> would</c><00:05:08.000><c> it</c><00:05:08.080><c> would</c>

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but then i noticed that i would it would
 

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but then i noticed that i would it would
stick

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stick
 

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stick
and<00:05:09.440><c> it</c><00:05:09.520><c> would</c><00:05:09.759><c> develop</c><00:05:10.320><c> an</c><00:05:10.479><c> error</c><00:05:11.680><c> and</c><00:05:11.919><c> it</c>

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and it would develop an error and it
 

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and it would develop an error and it
would<00:05:12.160><c> take</c><00:05:12.320><c> a</c><00:05:12.400><c> certain</c><00:05:12.720><c> amount</c><00:05:12.880><c> of</c><00:05:13.039><c> air</c>

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would take a certain amount of air
 

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would take a certain amount of air
before<00:05:13.440><c> it</c><00:05:13.520><c> would</c><00:05:13.680><c> break</c><00:05:13.919><c> free</c><00:05:14.160><c> and</c><00:05:14.320><c> move</c>

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before it would break free and move
 

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before it would break free and move
again

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again
 

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again
and<00:05:16.400><c> that</c><00:05:17.919><c> that</c><00:05:18.080><c> experience</c><00:05:18.560><c> playing</c><00:05:18.800><c> around</c>

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and that that experience playing around
 

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and that that experience playing around
with<00:05:19.280><c> the</c><00:05:19.440><c> physics</c><00:05:19.919><c> of</c>

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with the physics of
 

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with the physics of
what<00:05:20.479><c> was</c><00:05:20.720><c> going</c><00:05:20.960><c> on</c><00:05:21.120><c> there</c><00:05:22.880><c> came</c><00:05:23.120><c> back</c><00:05:23.280><c> to</c><00:05:23.440><c> me</c>

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what was going on there came back to me
 

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what was going on there came back to me
later<00:05:23.919><c> when</c><00:05:24.080><c> i</c><00:05:24.160><c> was</c><00:05:24.240><c> in</c><00:05:24.400><c> college</c><00:05:24.800><c> taking</c>

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later when i was in college taking
 

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later when i was in college taking
uh<00:05:25.840><c> a</c><00:05:27.520><c> close</c><00:05:27.919><c> a</c><00:05:28.000><c> linear</c><00:05:28.320><c> controls</c><00:05:28.800><c> class</c>

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uh a close a linear controls class
 

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uh a close a linear controls class
and<00:05:31.199><c> it</c><00:05:31.280><c> was</c><00:05:31.520><c> kind</c><00:05:31.680><c> of</c><00:05:31.840><c> intuitive</c><00:05:32.240><c> to</c><00:05:32.400><c> me</c><00:05:32.479><c> what</c>

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and it was kind of intuitive to me what
 

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and it was kind of intuitive to me what
was<00:05:32.880><c> going</c><00:05:33.120><c> on</c><00:05:33.440><c> and</c><00:05:33.600><c> i</c><00:05:33.680><c> was</c><00:05:33.840><c> now</c><00:05:34.000><c> trying</c><00:05:34.160><c> to</c>

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was going on and i was now trying to
 

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was going on and i was now trying to
figure<00:05:34.479><c> out</c><00:05:34.639><c> the</c><00:05:34.800><c> math</c><00:05:35.199><c> that</c><00:05:35.440><c> explained</c><00:05:35.919><c> it</c>

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figure out the math that explained it
 

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figure out the math that explained it
so<00:05:37.600><c> i</c><00:05:37.919><c> put</c><00:05:38.160><c> that</c><00:05:38.560><c> but</c><00:05:38.800><c> was</c><00:05:39.039><c> able</c><00:05:39.120><c> to</c><00:05:39.199><c> put</c><00:05:39.360><c> those</c>

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so i put that but was able to put those
 

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so i put that but was able to put those
things<00:05:39.759><c> together</c>

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things together
 

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things together
and<00:05:41.919><c> it</c><00:05:42.000><c> was</c><00:05:42.240><c> it</c><00:05:42.400><c> was</c><00:05:42.639><c> a</c><00:05:43.520><c> good</c><00:05:43.680><c> feeling</c><00:05:44.000><c> to</c>

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and it was it was a good feeling to
 

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and it was it was a good feeling to
understand<00:05:44.639><c> the</c><00:05:44.720><c> math</c><00:05:45.039><c> behind</c>

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understand the math behind
 

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understand the math behind
something<00:05:45.919><c> that</c><00:05:46.400><c> i've</c><00:05:46.960><c> previously</c>

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something that i've previously
 

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something that i've previously
experienced

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and<00:05:51.840><c> in</c><00:05:52.000><c> your</c><00:05:52.240><c> undergraduate</c><00:05:52.800><c> did</c><00:05:52.960><c> you</c><00:05:53.120><c> have</c><00:05:53.280><c> a</c>

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and in your undergraduate did you have a
 

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and in your undergraduate did you have a
chance<00:05:53.680><c> to</c><00:05:53.919><c> work</c><00:05:54.160><c> in</c><00:05:54.240><c> any</c><00:05:54.400><c> laboratories</c><00:05:55.280><c> or</c>

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chance to work in any laboratories or
 

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chance to work in any laboratories or
participate<00:05:57.440><c> in</c><00:05:57.600><c> research</c><00:05:58.880><c> um</c><00:05:59.440><c> not</c><00:05:59.680><c> really</c>

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participate in research um not really
 

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participate in research um not really
my<00:06:01.280><c> ita</c><00:06:01.919><c> classes</c><00:06:02.880><c> a</c><00:06:02.960><c> little</c><00:06:03.120><c> bit</c><00:06:03.440><c> and</c>

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my ita classes a little bit and
 

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my ita classes a little bit and
but<00:06:05.039><c> never</c><00:06:05.520><c> really</c><00:06:05.840><c> needed</c><00:06:07.360><c> lab</c><00:06:07.680><c> classes</c>

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but never really needed lab classes
 

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but never really needed lab classes
to<00:06:08.880><c> get</c><00:06:09.120><c> hands-on</c><00:06:10.000><c> that</c><00:06:10.880><c> i</c>

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to get hands-on that i
 

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to get hands-on that i
could<00:06:12.560><c> just</c><00:06:12.720><c> build</c><00:06:12.960><c> things</c><00:06:13.199><c> we</c><00:06:13.360><c> built</c><00:06:13.600><c> things</c>

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could just build things we built things
 

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could just build things we built things
in<00:06:14.160><c> dorm</c><00:06:14.479><c> rooms</c><00:06:14.800><c> we</c><00:06:14.960><c> built</c><00:06:15.199><c> things</c>

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in dorm rooms we built things
 

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in dorm rooms we built things
at<00:06:17.360><c> home</c><00:06:17.680><c> on</c><00:06:17.840><c> summer</c><00:06:18.240><c> breaks</c><00:06:18.840><c> and</c>

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at home on summer breaks and
 

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at home on summer breaks and
i<00:06:21.360><c> like</c><00:06:21.600><c> to</c><00:06:21.919><c> build</c><00:06:22.240><c> things</c><00:06:22.479><c> and</c><00:06:22.960><c> then</c><00:06:23.199><c> need</c><00:06:23.360><c> to</c>

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i like to build things and then need to
 

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i like to build things and then need to
go<00:06:23.600><c> to</c><00:06:23.680><c> school</c><00:06:24.000><c> to</c><00:06:24.160><c> do</c><00:06:24.319><c> that</c>

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garages<00:06:27.280><c> are</c><00:06:27.360><c> great</c><00:06:28.800><c> what</c><00:06:29.039><c> kinds</c><00:06:29.360><c> of</c><00:06:29.440><c> things</c>

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garages are great what kinds of things
 

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garages are great what kinds of things
did<00:06:29.840><c> you</c><00:06:30.080><c> build</c><00:06:30.319><c> in</c>

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did you build in
 

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did you build in
college<00:06:31.840><c> other</c><00:06:32.080><c> than</c><00:06:32.240><c> potato</c><00:06:32.720><c> guns</c>

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a

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submarine<00:06:44.160><c> that</c><00:06:44.319><c> was</c><00:06:44.479><c> kind</c><00:06:44.639><c> of</c><00:06:44.720><c> fun</c><00:06:45.039><c> built</c>

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submarine that was kind of fun built
 

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submarine that was kind of fun built
airplanes<00:06:48.960><c> rocket-powered</c><00:06:49.599><c> airplanes</c>

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walking<00:06:52.720><c> machines</c>

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a<00:06:58.319><c> lot</c><00:06:58.479><c> of</c><00:06:58.639><c> boats</c><00:07:00.840><c> and</c><00:07:01.280><c> a</c><00:07:01.840><c> lot</c><00:07:02.000><c> of</c><00:07:02.080><c> rockets</c>

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a lot of boats and a lot of rockets
 

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a lot of boats and a lot of rockets
and<00:07:04.400><c> so</c><00:07:04.639><c> were</c><00:07:04.800><c> these</c><00:07:06.080><c> where</c><00:07:06.240><c> did</c><00:07:06.400><c> you</c><00:07:06.720><c> find</c>

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and so were these where did you find
 

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and so were these where did you find
what<00:07:07.039><c> kinds</c><00:07:07.280><c> of</c><00:07:07.360><c> materials</c><00:07:08.080><c> did</c><00:07:08.240><c> you</c>

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what kinds of materials did you
 

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what kinds of materials did you
use<00:07:09.360><c> and</c><00:07:09.680><c> where</c><00:07:09.919><c> could</c><00:07:10.080><c> you</c><00:07:10.400><c> find</c><00:07:10.639><c> them</c><00:07:11.280><c> well</c>

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use and where could you find them well
 

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use and where could you find them well
my

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my
 

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my
my<00:07:12.400><c> ability</c><00:07:12.720><c> to</c><00:07:12.880><c> use</c><00:07:13.199><c> machine</c><00:07:13.520><c> tools</c><00:07:14.319><c> was</c>

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my ability to use machine tools was
 

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my ability to use machine tools was
not<00:07:16.080><c> so</c><00:07:16.240><c> great</c><00:07:16.960><c> and</c><00:07:17.360><c> i</c><00:07:17.759><c> i</c><00:07:17.919><c> picked</c><00:07:18.160><c> that</c><00:07:18.319><c> up</c><00:07:18.400><c> in</c>

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not so great and i i picked that up in
 

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not so great and i i picked that up in
graduate<00:07:18.960><c> school</c><00:07:19.280><c> and</c><00:07:19.360><c> i</c><00:07:19.520><c> really</c><00:07:19.759><c> wish</c>

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graduate school and i really wish
 

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graduate school and i really wish
i<00:07:20.880><c> learned</c><00:07:21.120><c> how</c><00:07:21.199><c> to</c><00:07:21.280><c> use</c><00:07:21.520><c> a</c><00:07:21.599><c> mill</c><00:07:22.400><c> and</c><00:07:22.639><c> a</c><00:07:22.720><c> lathe</c>

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i learned how to use a mill and a lathe
 

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i learned how to use a mill and a lathe
early

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early
 

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early
it<00:07:24.560><c> would</c><00:07:24.800><c> have</c><00:07:24.880><c> really</c><00:07:25.120><c> improved</c><00:07:25.440><c> the</c>

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it would have really improved the
 

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it would have really improved the
quality<00:07:26.000><c> of</c><00:07:26.080><c> my</c><00:07:26.240><c> prototypes</c>

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quality of my prototypes
 

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quality of my prototypes
so<00:07:28.000><c> i</c><00:07:28.160><c> was</c><00:07:28.319><c> doing</c><00:07:28.639><c> a</c><00:07:28.720><c> lot</c><00:07:29.039><c> with</c><00:07:29.520><c> wood</c><00:07:30.400><c> plastic</c>

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so i was doing a lot with wood plastic
 

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so i was doing a lot with wood plastic
and

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composite<00:07:35.919><c> glue</c><00:07:36.560><c> glued</c><00:07:36.880><c> together</c>

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i<00:07:39.360><c> didn't</c><00:07:39.599><c> really</c><00:07:39.840><c> get</c><00:07:40.000><c> into</c><00:07:40.319><c> metal</c><00:07:40.880><c> until</c>

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i didn't really get into metal until
 

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i didn't really get into metal until
graduate<00:07:42.000><c> work</c>

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graduate work
 

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graduate work
and<00:07:43.039><c> i</c><00:07:43.199><c> really</c><00:07:43.520><c> wish</c><00:07:43.759><c> i</c><00:07:43.919><c> had</c><00:07:44.479><c> done</c><00:07:44.720><c> more</c>

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and i really wish i had done more
 

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and i really wish i had done more
earlier<00:07:48.160><c> but</c><00:07:48.560><c> i</c><00:07:48.639><c> didn't</c><00:07:48.800><c> have</c><00:07:48.960><c> a</c><00:07:49.039><c> machine</c><00:07:49.360><c> shop</c>

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earlier but i didn't have a machine shop
 

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earlier but i didn't have a machine shop
but<00:07:49.840><c> readily</c><00:07:50.160><c> available</c><00:07:51.599><c> and</c><00:07:52.400><c> i</c><00:07:52.479><c> wish</c><00:07:52.720><c> i</c><00:07:52.879><c> had</c>

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but readily available and i wish i had
 

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but readily available and i wish i had
my<00:07:54.879><c> kids</c><00:07:56.840><c> do</c>

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my kids do
 

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my kids do
what<00:07:59.120><c> kinds</c><00:07:59.360><c> of</c><00:08:00.400><c> materials</c><00:08:00.879><c> were</c><00:08:01.120><c> available</c>

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what kinds of materials were available
 

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what kinds of materials were available
then<00:08:01.759><c> i</c><00:08:01.840><c> mean</c><00:08:02.000><c> there</c><00:08:02.160><c> were</c><00:08:02.400><c> kits</c><00:08:02.720><c> and</c><00:08:02.800><c> things</c>

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then i mean there were kits and things
 

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then i mean there were kits and things
and

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and
 

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and
where<00:08:04.000><c> else</c><00:08:04.240><c> did</c><00:08:04.400><c> you</c><00:08:04.560><c> find</c><00:08:04.800><c> the</c><00:08:05.039><c> other</c>

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where else did you find the other
 

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where else did you find the other
components<00:08:06.639><c> motors</c><00:08:07.280><c> gears</c>

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components motors gears
 

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components motors gears
so<00:08:09.039><c> i</c><00:08:09.440><c> found</c><00:08:09.680><c> a</c><00:08:09.759><c> lot</c><00:08:10.000><c> of</c><00:08:11.120><c> shops</c><00:08:11.680><c> that</c>

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so i found a lot of shops that
 

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so i found a lot of shops that
salvaged<00:08:12.720><c> equipment</c><00:08:13.759><c> and</c><00:08:14.080><c> that</c><00:08:14.240><c> was</c><00:08:14.479><c> great</c><00:08:15.120><c> i</c>

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salvaged equipment and that was great i
 

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salvaged equipment and that was great i
could<00:08:15.440><c> go</c><00:08:15.680><c> in</c><00:08:15.759><c> and</c><00:08:15.919><c> i</c><00:08:16.000><c> could</c><00:08:16.240><c> buy</c>

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could go in and i could buy
 

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could go in and i could buy
a<00:08:17.280><c> squirrel</c><00:08:17.680><c> cage</c><00:08:18.000><c> fan</c><00:08:18.240><c> that</c><00:08:18.400><c> had</c><00:08:18.560><c> a</c><00:08:18.639><c> big</c><00:08:18.879><c> motor</c>

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a squirrel cage fan that had a big motor
 

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a squirrel cage fan that had a big motor
in<00:08:19.360><c> it</c><00:08:19.759><c> a</c><00:08:20.000><c> impeller</c><00:08:20.720><c> and</c><00:08:20.800><c> i</c>

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in it a impeller and i
 

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in it a impeller and i
could<00:08:21.759><c> find</c><00:08:22.000><c> a</c><00:08:22.240><c> power</c><00:08:22.560><c> supply</c><00:08:22.960><c> that</c><00:08:23.199><c> had</c><00:08:23.280><c> been</c>

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could find a power supply that had been
 

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could find a power supply that had been
taken<00:08:24.319><c> out</c><00:08:24.479><c> of</c>

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taken out of
 

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taken out of
a<00:08:25.039><c> washing</c><00:08:25.440><c> machine</c><00:08:25.919><c> or</c>

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a washing machine or
 

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a washing machine or
refrigerators<00:08:28.560><c> have</c><00:08:28.800><c> great</c><00:08:29.120><c> electric</c><00:08:29.680><c> motors</c>

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refrigerators have great electric motors
 

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refrigerators have great electric motors
in<00:08:30.240><c> them</c><00:08:30.639><c> and</c>

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in them and
 

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in them and
i<00:08:32.719><c> was</c><00:08:32.959><c> able</c><00:08:33.120><c> to</c><00:08:33.279><c> find</c><00:08:33.599><c> a</c><00:08:33.680><c> lot</c><00:08:33.839><c> of</c><00:08:34.719><c> actuators</c>

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i was able to find a lot of actuators
 

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i was able to find a lot of actuators
through<00:08:36.399><c> salvage</c><00:08:36.800><c> like</c><00:08:36.959><c> that</c><00:08:37.120><c> power</c><00:08:37.440><c> supplies</c>

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through salvage like that power supplies
 

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through salvage like that power supplies
and

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and
 

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and
you<00:08:41.360><c> can</c><00:08:41.519><c> find</c><00:08:41.760><c> them</c><00:08:42.399><c> in</c><00:08:43.039><c> salvage</c><00:08:44.000><c> being</c>

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you can find them in salvage being
 

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you can find them in salvage being
pulled<00:08:44.480><c> out</c><00:08:44.640><c> of</c>

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pulled out of
 

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pulled out of
heavy<00:08:46.399><c> machines</c><00:08:48.399><c> terrible</c><00:08:48.800><c> kids</c>

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heavy machines terrible kids
 

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heavy machines terrible kids
even<00:08:51.440><c> back</c><00:08:51.680><c> then</c><00:08:51.920><c> in</c><00:08:52.320><c> the</c><00:08:52.480><c> prehistoric</c><00:08:53.120><c> era</c>

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even back then in the prehistoric era
 

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even back then in the prehistoric era
when<00:08:53.519><c> i</c><00:08:53.600><c> was</c><00:08:53.760><c> a</c><00:08:53.839><c> kid</c>

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when i was a kid
 

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when i was a kid
you<00:08:55.040><c> could</c><00:08:55.200><c> find</c><00:08:55.360><c> a</c><00:08:55.440><c> lot</c><00:08:55.600><c> of</c><00:08:55.760><c> electric</c><00:08:56.160><c> motors</c>

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you could find a lot of electric motors
 

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you could find a lot of electric motors
that<00:08:57.680><c> were</c>

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that were
 

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that were
for<00:08:59.839><c> their</c><00:09:00.000><c> time</c><00:09:00.560><c> excellent</c><00:09:01.839><c> and</c><00:09:02.320><c> like</c><00:09:02.480><c> a</c>

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for their time excellent and like a
 

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for their time excellent and like a
starter<00:09:03.040><c> motor</c>

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starter motor
 

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starter motor
the<00:09:04.720><c> apollo</c><00:09:05.120><c> rover</c><00:09:05.519><c> was</c><00:09:05.760><c> built</c><00:09:06.080><c> basically</c>

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the apollo rover was built basically
 

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the apollo rover was built basically
with<00:09:06.640><c> starter</c><00:09:07.120><c> motors</c><00:09:07.839><c> and</c>

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with starter motors and
 

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with starter motors and
very<00:09:09.279><c> simple</c><00:09:09.920><c> electric</c><00:09:10.399><c> actuators</c>

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very simple electric actuators
 

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very simple electric actuators
terms

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so<00:09:18.080><c> when</c><00:09:18.240><c> you</c><00:09:18.480><c> got</c><00:09:18.720><c> to</c><00:09:19.200><c> graduate</c><00:09:19.760><c> school</c>

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so when you got to graduate school
 

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so when you got to graduate school
what<00:09:21.839><c> kind</c><00:09:22.080><c> of</c><00:09:22.399><c> environment</c><00:09:22.880><c> did</c><00:09:23.040><c> you</c><00:09:23.279><c> find</c>

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what kind of environment did you find
 

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what kind of environment did you find
there<00:09:23.839><c> and</c><00:09:24.240><c> did</c><00:09:24.399><c> you</c><00:09:24.640><c> start</c><00:09:24.880><c> working</c><00:09:25.200><c> with</c>

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there and did you start working with
 

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there and did you start working with
well<00:09:26.160><c> i</c><00:09:26.240><c> did</c><00:09:26.480><c> a</c><00:09:26.959><c> a</c><00:09:28.640><c> theoretical</c><00:09:29.279><c> masters</c>

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well i did a a theoretical masters
 

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well i did a a theoretical masters
where<00:09:30.480><c> i</c><00:09:30.560><c> was</c><00:09:30.720><c> doing</c><00:09:31.040><c> linkage</c><00:09:31.440><c> synthesis</c><00:09:32.560><c> it</c>

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where i was doing linkage synthesis it
 

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where i was doing linkage synthesis it
was<00:09:32.800><c> the</c><00:09:32.880><c> first</c><00:09:33.120><c> time</c><00:09:33.360><c> i</c><00:09:33.519><c> really</c><00:09:33.839><c> started</c><00:09:34.240><c> to</c>

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was the first time i really started to
 

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was the first time i really started to
use<00:09:35.600><c> computers</c><00:09:36.160><c> to</c><00:09:36.240><c> do</c><00:09:36.399><c> design</c><00:09:36.880><c> work</c><00:09:37.360><c> i'd</c>

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use computers to do design work i'd
 

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use computers to do design work i'd
always<00:09:37.920><c> been</c><00:09:38.080><c> into</c><00:09:38.320><c> cad</c>

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always been into cad
 

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always been into cad
and<00:09:40.080><c> liked</c><00:09:40.320><c> drafting</c><00:09:41.040><c> just</c><00:09:41.440><c> always</c>

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and liked drafting just always
 

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and liked drafting just always
enjoyed<00:09:42.800><c> drawing</c><00:09:43.680><c> i</c><00:09:43.839><c> grew</c><00:09:44.000><c> up</c><00:09:44.080><c> in</c><00:09:44.160><c> a</c><00:09:44.240><c> household</c>

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enjoyed drawing i grew up in a household
 

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enjoyed drawing i grew up in a household
with<00:09:44.880><c> a</c><00:09:44.959><c> lot</c><00:09:45.200><c> of</c>

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with a lot of
 

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with a lot of
architecture<00:09:47.760><c> and</c><00:09:47.920><c> drawing</c><00:09:48.640><c> just</c><00:09:49.120><c> and</c><00:09:49.200><c> design</c>

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architecture and drawing just and design
 

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architecture and drawing just and design
was<00:09:50.320><c> always</c><00:09:51.440><c> being</c><00:09:51.760><c> discussed</c>

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was always being discussed
 

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was always being discussed
and<00:09:53.760><c> i</c><00:09:54.000><c> i</c><00:09:54.160><c> got</c><00:09:54.399><c> into</c><00:09:54.800><c> the</c><00:09:54.959><c> cad</c><00:09:55.200><c> work</c><00:09:55.839><c> early</c>

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and i i got into the cad work early
 

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and i i got into the cad work early
but<00:09:57.760><c> then</c><00:09:58.320><c> starting</c><00:09:58.640><c> to</c><00:09:58.720><c> use</c><00:09:58.880><c> computers</c><00:09:59.680><c> to</c><00:09:59.920><c> do</c>

00:10:00.389 --> 00:10:00.399 align:start position:0%
but then starting to use computers to do
 

00:10:00.399 --> 00:10:01.910 align:start position:0%
but then starting to use computers to do
synthesis

00:10:01.910 --> 00:10:01.920 align:start position:0%
synthesis
 

00:10:01.920 --> 00:10:05.590 align:start position:0%
synthesis
where<00:10:02.320><c> a</c><00:10:02.480><c> more</c><00:10:02.839><c> formal</c><00:10:03.920><c> synthesis</c>

00:10:05.590 --> 00:10:05.600 align:start position:0%
where a more formal synthesis
 

00:10:05.600 --> 00:10:09.190 align:start position:0%
where a more formal synthesis
i<00:10:05.839><c> started</c><00:10:06.800><c> in</c><00:10:07.200><c> my</c><00:10:07.519><c> senior</c><00:10:07.920><c> year</c>

00:10:09.190 --> 00:10:09.200 align:start position:0%
i started in my senior year
 

00:10:09.200 --> 00:10:12.310 align:start position:0%
i started in my senior year
and<00:10:10.000><c> learned</c><00:10:10.320><c> a</c><00:10:10.399><c> few</c>

00:10:12.310 --> 00:10:12.320 align:start position:0%
and learned a few
 

00:10:12.320 --> 00:10:14.230 align:start position:0%
and learned a few
software<00:10:12.720><c> packages</c><00:10:13.360><c> that</c><00:10:13.519><c> were</c><00:10:13.680><c> just</c><00:10:13.920><c> coming</c>

00:10:14.230 --> 00:10:14.240 align:start position:0%
software packages that were just coming
 

00:10:14.240 --> 00:10:15.430 align:start position:0%
software packages that were just coming
out

00:10:15.430 --> 00:10:15.440 align:start position:0%
out
 

00:10:15.440 --> 00:10:17.829 align:start position:0%
out
that<00:10:15.600><c> were</c><00:10:15.839><c> extremely</c><00:10:16.399><c> painful</c><00:10:16.880><c> to</c><00:10:16.959><c> use</c><00:10:17.519><c> but</c>

00:10:17.829 --> 00:10:17.839 align:start position:0%
that were extremely painful to use but
 

00:10:17.839 --> 00:10:19.269 align:start position:0%
that were extremely painful to use but
you<00:10:18.000><c> were</c><00:10:18.160><c> able</c><00:10:18.320><c> to</c><00:10:18.480><c> do</c><00:10:18.640><c> so</c><00:10:18.800><c> much</c><00:10:18.959><c> more</c><00:10:19.120><c> than</c>

00:10:19.269 --> 00:10:19.279 align:start position:0%
you were able to do so much more than
 

00:10:19.279 --> 00:10:21.030 align:start position:0%
you were able to do so much more than
you could<00:10:19.440><c> do</c><00:10:19.600><c> by</c><00:10:19.760><c> hand</c>

00:10:21.030 --> 00:10:21.040 align:start position:0%
you could do by hand
 

00:10:21.040 --> 00:10:23.670 align:start position:0%
you could do by hand
they<00:10:21.920><c> subsequently</c><00:10:22.560><c> led</c><00:10:22.800><c> to</c><00:10:22.959><c> packages</c><00:10:23.519><c> that</c>

00:10:23.670 --> 00:10:23.680 align:start position:0%
they subsequently led to packages that
 

00:10:23.680 --> 00:10:26.310 align:start position:0%
they subsequently led to packages that
are<00:10:23.839><c> more</c><00:10:24.000><c> common</c><00:10:24.320><c> like</c><00:10:24.560><c> the</c><00:10:24.640><c> adams</c>

00:10:26.310 --> 00:10:26.320 align:start position:0%
are more common like the adams
 

00:10:26.320 --> 00:10:29.430 align:start position:0%
are more common like the adams
mechanical<00:10:26.880><c> design</c><00:10:27.200><c> package</c><00:10:27.839><c> we</c><00:10:28.000><c> were</c><00:10:28.160><c> using</c>

00:10:29.430 --> 00:10:29.440 align:start position:0%
mechanical design package we were using
 

00:10:29.440 --> 00:10:32.150 align:start position:0%
mechanical design package we were using
some<00:10:29.839><c> early</c><00:10:30.240><c> versions</c><00:10:30.640><c> of</c><00:10:30.800><c> that</c><00:10:31.680><c> where</c><00:10:31.920><c> you</c>

00:10:32.150 --> 00:10:32.160 align:start position:0%
some early versions of that where you
 

00:10:32.160 --> 00:10:32.630 align:start position:0%
some early versions of that where you
would

00:10:32.630 --> 00:10:32.640 align:start position:0%
would
 

00:10:32.640 --> 00:10:36.470 align:start position:0%
would
build<00:10:33.040><c> a</c><00:10:34.640><c> file</c><00:10:35.360><c> that</c><00:10:35.519><c> a</c><00:10:35.680><c> fax</c><00:10:36.079><c> would</c>

00:10:36.470 --> 00:10:36.480 align:start position:0%
build a file that a fax would
 

00:10:36.480 --> 00:10:39.030 align:start position:0%
build a file that a fax would
read<00:10:37.519><c> and</c><00:10:37.680><c> that</c><00:10:38.000><c> that</c><00:10:38.240><c> file</c><00:10:38.560><c> had</c><00:10:38.720><c> a</c><00:10:38.800><c> file</c>

00:10:39.030 --> 00:10:39.040 align:start position:0%
read and that that file had a file
 

00:10:39.040 --> 00:10:40.870 align:start position:0%
read and that that file had a file
structure<00:10:39.519><c> where</c><00:10:39.680><c> you</c><00:10:39.760><c> would</c><00:10:39.920><c> define</c>

00:10:40.870 --> 00:10:40.880 align:start position:0%
structure where you would define
 

00:10:40.880 --> 00:10:43.190 align:start position:0%
structure where you would define
a<00:10:41.200><c> mechanism</c><00:10:41.839><c> as</c><00:10:42.000><c> parameters</c><00:10:42.720><c> and</c><00:10:42.800><c> then</c><00:10:43.040><c> you</c>

00:10:43.190 --> 00:10:43.200 align:start position:0%
a mechanism as parameters and then you
 

00:10:43.200 --> 00:10:45.350 align:start position:0%
a mechanism as parameters and then you
could

00:10:45.350 --> 00:10:45.360 align:start position:0%
could
 

00:10:45.360 --> 00:10:47.509 align:start position:0%
could
iterate<00:10:46.079><c> and</c><00:10:46.560><c> write</c><00:10:46.800><c> have</c><00:10:47.040><c> the</c><00:10:47.120><c> program</c>

00:10:47.509 --> 00:10:47.519 align:start position:0%
iterate and write have the program
 

00:10:47.519 --> 00:10:48.389 align:start position:0%
iterate and write have the program
iterate<00:10:48.000><c> through</c>

00:10:48.389 --> 00:10:48.399 align:start position:0%
iterate through
 

00:10:48.399 --> 00:10:51.990 align:start position:0%
iterate through
variables<00:10:49.600><c> and</c><00:10:49.839><c> optimize</c><00:10:51.200><c> so</c><00:10:51.360><c> i</c><00:10:51.519><c> started</c>

00:10:51.990 --> 00:10:52.000 align:start position:0%
variables and optimize so i started
 

00:10:52.000 --> 00:10:54.949 align:start position:0%
variables and optimize so i started
as<00:10:52.640><c> as</c><00:10:52.880><c> a</c><00:10:53.760><c> master's</c><00:10:54.160><c> candidate</c><00:10:54.640><c> i</c><00:10:54.720><c> started</c>

00:10:54.949 --> 00:10:54.959 align:start position:0%
as as a master's candidate i started
 

00:10:54.959 --> 00:10:56.230 align:start position:0%
as as a master's candidate i started
doing<00:10:55.279><c> a</c><00:10:55.360><c> lot</c><00:10:55.600><c> of</c>

00:10:56.230 --> 00:10:56.240 align:start position:0%
doing a lot of
 

00:10:56.240 --> 00:11:00.310 align:start position:0%
doing a lot of
formal<00:10:57.519><c> optimization</c><00:10:59.200><c> design</c><00:10:59.680><c> theory</c>

00:11:00.310 --> 00:11:00.320 align:start position:0%
formal optimization design theory
 

00:11:00.320 --> 00:11:02.710 align:start position:0%
formal optimization design theory
design<00:11:00.640><c> methodology</c><00:11:01.920><c> took</c><00:11:02.160><c> a</c><00:11:02.240><c> couple</c><00:11:02.480><c> really</c>

00:11:02.710 --> 00:11:02.720 align:start position:0%
design methodology took a couple really
 

00:11:02.720 --> 00:11:04.150 align:start position:0%
design methodology took a couple really
good<00:11:02.880><c> classes</c><00:11:03.440><c> from</c>

00:11:04.150 --> 00:11:04.160 align:start position:0%
good classes from
 

00:11:04.160 --> 00:11:07.350 align:start position:0%
good classes from
professors<00:11:04.800><c> who</c><00:11:04.880><c> were</c><00:11:05.360><c> really</c><00:11:06.800><c> knowledgeable</c>

00:11:07.350 --> 00:11:07.360 align:start position:0%
professors who were really knowledgeable
 

00:11:07.360 --> 00:11:08.710 align:start position:0%
professors who were really knowledgeable
in<00:11:07.760><c> that</c><00:11:08.000><c> field</c>

00:11:08.710 --> 00:11:08.720 align:start position:0%
in that field
 

00:11:08.720 --> 00:11:11.910 align:start position:0%
in that field
and<00:11:08.959><c> very</c><00:11:09.279><c> strong</c><00:11:09.760><c> computer</c><00:11:11.279><c> backgrounds</c><00:11:11.839><c> and</c>

00:11:11.910 --> 00:11:11.920 align:start position:0%
and very strong computer backgrounds and
 

00:11:11.920 --> 00:11:13.269 align:start position:0%
and very strong computer backgrounds and
mechanical<00:11:12.399><c> engineers</c>

00:11:13.269 --> 00:11:13.279 align:start position:0%
mechanical engineers
 

00:11:13.279 --> 00:11:16.470 align:start position:0%
mechanical engineers
so<00:11:13.440><c> they</c><00:11:14.000><c> really</c><00:11:14.240><c> knew</c><00:11:14.399><c> how</c><00:11:14.560><c> to</c><00:11:14.640><c> use</c><00:11:15.760><c> computers</c>

00:11:16.470 --> 00:11:16.480 align:start position:0%
so they really knew how to use computers
 

00:11:16.480 --> 00:11:18.550 align:start position:0%
so they really knew how to use computers
to<00:11:16.720><c> do</c><00:11:16.959><c> design</c><00:11:17.440><c> work</c>

00:11:18.550 --> 00:11:18.560 align:start position:0%
to do design work
 

00:11:18.560 --> 00:11:21.590 align:start position:0%
to do design work
i<00:11:18.720><c> took</c><00:11:18.959><c> a</c><00:11:19.360><c> class</c><00:11:19.680><c> we</c><00:11:19.839><c> were</c><00:11:20.160><c> in</c><00:11:20.320><c> st</c><00:11:20.480><c> louis</c><00:11:21.040><c> and</c>

00:11:21.590 --> 00:11:21.600 align:start position:0%
i took a class we were in st louis and
 

00:11:21.600 --> 00:11:23.190 align:start position:0%
i took a class we were in st louis and
there<00:11:21.760><c> was</c><00:11:21.839><c> a</c><00:11:21.920><c> very</c><00:11:22.160><c> large</c><00:11:22.480><c> aerospace</c>

00:11:23.190 --> 00:11:23.200 align:start position:0%
there was a very large aerospace
 

00:11:23.200 --> 00:11:26.069 align:start position:0%
there was a very large aerospace
industry<00:11:23.680><c> there</c><00:11:24.560><c> and</c><00:11:24.720><c> one</c><00:11:24.880><c> of</c><00:11:24.959><c> the</c><00:11:25.120><c> classes</c>

00:11:26.069 --> 00:11:26.079 align:start position:0%
industry there and one of the classes
 

00:11:26.079 --> 00:11:29.110 align:start position:0%
industry there and one of the classes
that<00:11:26.240><c> was</c><00:11:26.399><c> arranged</c><00:11:26.800><c> was</c><00:11:27.040><c> to</c><00:11:28.160><c> use</c><00:11:28.480><c> a</c>

00:11:29.110 --> 00:11:29.120 align:start position:0%
that was arranged was to use a
 

00:11:29.120 --> 00:11:31.030 align:start position:0%
that was arranged was to use a
brand<00:11:29.440><c> new</c><00:11:29.680><c> cad</c><00:11:30.000><c> system</c><00:11:30.320><c> that</c><00:11:30.399><c> they</c><00:11:30.640><c> developed</c>

00:11:31.030 --> 00:11:31.040 align:start position:0%
brand new cad system that they developed
 

00:11:31.040 --> 00:11:32.949 align:start position:0%
brand new cad system that they developed
and<00:11:31.120><c> they</c><00:11:31.279><c> were</c><00:11:31.360><c> using</c><00:11:31.760><c> for</c><00:11:32.079><c> the</c><00:11:32.240><c> harrier</c>

00:11:32.949 --> 00:11:32.959 align:start position:0%
and they were using for the harrier
 

00:11:32.959 --> 00:11:36.230 align:start position:0%
and they were using for the harrier
and<00:11:33.360><c> f-18</c><00:11:34.000><c> programs</c><00:11:35.519><c> and</c>

00:11:36.230 --> 00:11:36.240 align:start position:0%
and f-18 programs and
 

00:11:36.240 --> 00:11:37.910 align:start position:0%
and f-18 programs and
they<00:11:36.399><c> kind</c><00:11:36.560><c> of</c><00:11:36.640><c> used</c><00:11:36.880><c> this</c><00:11:37.040><c> as</c><00:11:37.120><c> guinea</c><00:11:37.440><c> pigs</c><00:11:37.760><c> to</c>

00:11:37.910 --> 00:11:37.920 align:start position:0%
they kind of used this as guinea pigs to
 

00:11:37.920 --> 00:11:39.350 align:start position:0%
they kind of used this as guinea pigs to
take<00:11:38.240><c> and</c><00:11:38.399><c> learn</c><00:11:38.640><c> how</c><00:11:38.720><c> to</c><00:11:38.800><c> use</c><00:11:38.959><c> this</c><00:11:39.200><c> cad</c>

00:11:39.350 --> 00:11:39.360 align:start position:0%
take and learn how to use this cad
 

00:11:39.360 --> 00:11:42.790 align:start position:0%
take and learn how to use this cad
system<00:11:39.680><c> and</c><00:11:39.760><c> watch</c><00:11:40.000><c> how</c><00:11:40.079><c> we</c><00:11:40.240><c> learned</c><00:11:40.480><c> it</c><00:11:40.839><c> and</c>

00:11:42.790 --> 00:11:42.800 align:start position:0%
system and watch how we learned it and
 

00:11:42.800 --> 00:11:45.829 align:start position:0%
system and watch how we learned it and
use<00:11:43.040><c> us</c><00:11:43.200><c> just</c><00:11:43.519><c> as</c><00:11:43.839><c> a</c><00:11:44.399><c> beta</c><00:11:44.640><c> testers</c><00:11:45.120><c> of</c><00:11:45.200><c> their</c>

00:11:45.829 --> 00:11:45.839 align:start position:0%
use us just as a beta testers of their
 

00:11:45.839 --> 00:11:48.230 align:start position:0%
use us just as a beta testers of their
in-house<00:11:46.399><c> cad</c><00:11:46.720><c> which</c><00:11:46.880><c> was</c><00:11:47.200><c> a</c><00:11:47.360><c> great</c><00:11:47.760><c> system</c>

00:11:48.230 --> 00:11:48.240 align:start position:0%
in-house cad which was a great system
 

00:11:48.240 --> 00:11:48.949 align:start position:0%
in-house cad which was a great system
it's<00:11:48.399><c> really</c>

00:11:48.949 --> 00:11:48.959 align:start position:0%
it's really
 

00:11:48.959 --> 00:11:52.629 align:start position:0%
it's really
very<00:11:49.279><c> capable</c><00:11:51.120><c> and</c><00:11:51.279><c> then</c>

00:11:52.629 --> 00:11:52.639 align:start position:0%
very capable and then
 

00:11:52.639 --> 00:11:54.870 align:start position:0%
very capable and then
couple<00:11:53.040><c> into</c><00:11:53.360><c> that</c><00:11:54.320><c> some</c><00:11:54.480><c> of</c><00:11:54.560><c> these</c><00:11:54.720><c> more</c>

00:11:54.870 --> 00:11:54.880 align:start position:0%
couple into that some of these more
 

00:11:54.880 --> 00:11:57.829 align:start position:0%
couple into that some of these more
analytical<00:11:55.440><c> design</c><00:11:55.839><c> tools</c>

00:11:57.829 --> 00:11:57.839 align:start position:0%
analytical design tools
 

00:11:57.839 --> 00:11:59.590 align:start position:0%
analytical design tools
so<00:11:58.000><c> that</c><00:11:58.160><c> that</c><00:11:58.320><c> had</c><00:11:58.480><c> a</c><00:11:58.560><c> big</c><00:11:58.800><c> impact</c><00:11:59.120><c> i</c><00:11:59.200><c> mean</c><00:11:59.360><c> i</c>

00:11:59.590 --> 00:11:59.600 align:start position:0%
so that that had a big impact i mean i
 

00:11:59.600 --> 00:12:00.870 align:start position:0%
so that that had a big impact i mean i
went<00:11:59.839><c> in</c><00:12:00.000><c> through</c><00:12:00.480><c> uh</c>

00:12:00.870 --> 00:12:00.880 align:start position:0%
went in through uh
 

00:12:00.880 --> 00:12:04.790 align:start position:0%
went in through uh
linkage<00:12:01.360><c> design</c><00:12:01.760><c> and</c><00:12:02.560><c> the</c><00:12:03.200><c> uh</c><00:12:03.839><c> the</c><00:12:04.079><c> process</c><00:12:04.560><c> of</c>

00:12:04.790 --> 00:12:04.800 align:start position:0%
linkage design and the uh the process of
 

00:12:04.800 --> 00:12:06.949 align:start position:0%
linkage design and the uh the process of
stating<00:12:05.279><c> a</c><00:12:05.360><c> requirement</c>

00:12:06.949 --> 00:12:06.959 align:start position:0%
stating a requirement
 

00:12:06.959 --> 00:12:10.870 align:start position:0%
stating a requirement
and<00:12:07.760><c> then</c><00:12:09.120><c> optimizing</c>

00:12:10.870 --> 00:12:10.880 align:start position:0%
and then optimizing
 

00:12:10.880 --> 00:12:14.389 align:start position:0%
and then optimizing
to<00:12:12.320><c> get</c><00:12:12.480><c> the</c><00:12:12.639><c> best</c><00:12:12.959><c> results</c>

00:12:14.389 --> 00:12:14.399 align:start position:0%
to get the best results
 

00:12:14.399 --> 00:12:17.190 align:start position:0%
to get the best results
was<00:12:14.639><c> something</c><00:12:14.959><c> that</c><00:12:15.519><c> i</c><00:12:15.920><c> really</c><00:12:16.160><c> embraced</c><00:12:16.959><c> and</c>

00:12:17.190 --> 00:12:17.200 align:start position:0%
was something that i really embraced and
 

00:12:17.200 --> 00:12:17.990 align:start position:0%
was something that i really embraced and
then

00:12:17.990 --> 00:12:18.000 align:start position:0%
then
 

00:12:18.000 --> 00:12:21.269 align:start position:0%
then
took<00:12:18.240><c> that</c><00:12:18.480><c> into</c><00:12:18.720><c> my</c><00:12:19.120><c> my</c><00:12:19.360><c> phd</c><00:12:19.839><c> work</c><00:12:20.800><c> at</c><00:12:20.880><c> ut</c>

00:12:21.269 --> 00:12:21.279 align:start position:0%
took that into my my phd work at ut
 

00:12:21.279 --> 00:12:23.190 align:start position:0%
took that into my my phd work at ut
austin

00:12:23.190 --> 00:12:23.200 align:start position:0%
austin
 

00:12:23.200 --> 00:12:25.110 align:start position:0%
austin
where<00:12:23.519><c> i</c><00:12:23.920><c> came</c><00:12:24.160><c> up</c><00:12:24.320><c> with</c><00:12:24.560><c> a</c><00:12:24.800><c> design</c>

00:12:25.110 --> 00:12:25.120 align:start position:0%
where i came up with a design
 

00:12:25.120 --> 00:12:26.310 align:start position:0%
where i came up with a design
methodology

00:12:26.310 --> 00:12:26.320 align:start position:0%
methodology
 

00:12:26.320 --> 00:12:29.750 align:start position:0%
methodology
for<00:12:27.120><c> specifically</c><00:12:27.760><c> for</c><00:12:28.639><c> robot</c><00:12:29.040><c> manipulator</c>

00:12:29.750 --> 00:12:29.760 align:start position:0%
for specifically for robot manipulator
 

00:12:29.760 --> 00:12:30.949 align:start position:0%
for specifically for robot manipulator
design

00:12:30.949 --> 00:12:30.959 align:start position:0%
design
 

00:12:30.959 --> 00:12:33.269 align:start position:0%
design
and<00:12:31.120><c> that</c><00:12:31.279><c> was</c><00:12:31.440><c> the</c><00:12:31.839><c> main</c><00:12:32.320><c> thrust</c><00:12:32.720><c> of</c><00:12:32.800><c> my</c><00:12:33.120><c> my</c>

00:12:33.269 --> 00:12:33.279 align:start position:0%
and that was the main thrust of my my
 

00:12:33.279 --> 00:12:34.870 align:start position:0%
and that was the main thrust of my my
phd<00:12:33.760><c> work</c>

00:12:34.870 --> 00:12:34.880 align:start position:0%
phd work
 

00:12:34.880 --> 00:12:36.790 align:start position:0%
phd work
i<00:12:35.200><c> really</c><00:12:35.440><c> wanted</c><00:12:35.839><c> an</c><00:12:36.000><c> experimental</c>

00:12:36.790 --> 00:12:36.800 align:start position:0%
i really wanted an experimental
 

00:12:36.800 --> 00:12:38.550 align:start position:0%
i really wanted an experimental
component<00:12:37.279><c> to</c><00:12:37.360><c> that</c>

00:12:38.550 --> 00:12:38.560 align:start position:0%
component to that
 

00:12:38.560 --> 00:12:42.470 align:start position:0%
component to that
so<00:12:39.200><c> what</c><00:12:39.360><c> i</c><00:12:39.440><c> did</c><00:12:39.680><c> was</c><00:12:39.920><c> i</c><00:12:40.079><c> built</c><00:12:40.399><c> a</c><00:12:41.279><c> set</c><00:12:41.519><c> of</c>

00:12:42.470 --> 00:12:42.480 align:start position:0%
so what i did was i built a set of
 

00:12:42.480 --> 00:12:45.829 align:start position:0%
so what i did was i built a set of
modular<00:12:43.600><c> joints</c><00:12:44.000><c> and</c><00:12:44.160><c> links</c><00:12:45.120><c> and</c><00:12:45.279><c> i</c>

00:12:45.829 --> 00:12:45.839 align:start position:0%
modular joints and links and i
 

00:12:45.839 --> 00:12:47.670 align:start position:0%
modular joints and links and i
tested<00:12:46.240><c> them</c><00:12:46.480><c> thoroughly</c><00:12:46.800><c> so</c><00:12:46.959><c> i</c><00:12:47.040><c> got</c><00:12:47.200><c> a</c><00:12:47.279><c> lot</c><00:12:47.440><c> of</c>

00:12:47.670 --> 00:12:47.680 align:start position:0%
tested them thoroughly so i got a lot of
 

00:12:47.680 --> 00:12:49.430 align:start position:0%
tested them thoroughly so i got a lot of
empirical<00:12:48.240><c> data</c><00:12:48.480><c> on</c><00:12:48.639><c> what</c><00:12:48.800><c> they</c><00:12:49.040><c> how</c><00:12:49.279><c> what</c>

00:12:49.430 --> 00:12:49.440 align:start position:0%
empirical data on what they how what
 

00:12:49.440 --> 00:12:50.870 align:start position:0%
empirical data on what they how what
their<00:12:49.600><c> performance</c><00:12:50.079><c> was</c>

00:12:50.870 --> 00:12:50.880 align:start position:0%
their performance was
 

00:12:50.880 --> 00:12:53.190 align:start position:0%
their performance was
and<00:12:50.959><c> then</c><00:12:51.120><c> i</c><00:12:51.279><c> built</c><00:12:51.440><c> a</c><00:12:51.519><c> database</c><00:12:52.720><c> using</c><00:12:53.040><c> all</c>

00:12:53.190 --> 00:12:53.200 align:start position:0%
and then i built a database using all
 

00:12:53.200 --> 00:12:54.069 align:start position:0%
and then i built a database using all
that<00:12:53.360><c> data</c>

00:12:54.069 --> 00:12:54.079 align:start position:0%
that data
 

00:12:54.079 --> 00:12:56.389 align:start position:0%
that data
and<00:12:54.320><c> wrote</c><00:12:54.560><c> a</c><00:12:55.360><c> design</c><00:12:55.760><c> program</c><00:12:56.079><c> where</c><00:12:56.320><c> you</c>

00:12:56.389 --> 00:12:56.399 align:start position:0%
and wrote a design program where you
 

00:12:56.399 --> 00:12:59.269 align:start position:0%
and wrote a design program where you
would<00:12:56.560><c> state</c><00:12:56.880><c> a</c><00:12:57.519><c> requirement</c><00:12:58.160><c> for</c><00:12:58.320><c> the</c><00:12:58.480><c> arm</c>

00:12:59.269 --> 00:12:59.279 align:start position:0%
would state a requirement for the arm
 

00:12:59.279 --> 00:13:01.350 align:start position:0%
would state a requirement for the arm
and<00:12:59.440><c> it</c><00:12:59.600><c> would</c><00:12:59.760><c> hunt</c><00:13:00.000><c> through</c><00:13:00.240><c> every</c><00:13:00.880><c> possible</c>

00:13:01.350 --> 00:13:01.360 align:start position:0%
and it would hunt through every possible
 

00:13:01.360 --> 00:13:03.030 align:start position:0%
and it would hunt through every possible
permutation<00:13:02.240><c> of</c><00:13:02.480><c> putting</c>

00:13:03.030 --> 00:13:03.040 align:start position:0%
permutation of putting
 

00:13:03.040 --> 00:13:06.069 align:start position:0%
permutation of putting
every<00:13:03.279><c> piece</c><00:13:03.600><c> in</c><00:13:03.760><c> the</c><00:13:04.720><c> in</c><00:13:04.880><c> the</c><00:13:05.519><c> tool</c><00:13:05.839><c> chest</c>

00:13:06.069 --> 00:13:06.079 align:start position:0%
every piece in the in the tool chest
 

00:13:06.079 --> 00:13:07.910 align:start position:0%
every piece in the in the tool chest
together<00:13:06.399><c> in</c><00:13:06.560><c> every</c><00:13:06.800><c> possible</c>

00:13:07.910 --> 00:13:07.920 align:start position:0%
together in every possible
 

00:13:07.920 --> 00:13:10.470 align:start position:0%
together in every possible
configuration<00:13:09.360><c> and</c><00:13:09.440><c> then</c><00:13:10.000><c> tell</c><00:13:10.240><c> you</c><00:13:10.320><c> which</c>

00:13:10.470 --> 00:13:10.480 align:start position:0%
configuration and then tell you which
 

00:13:10.480 --> 00:13:12.150 align:start position:0%
configuration and then tell you which
one<00:13:10.639><c> was</c><00:13:10.880><c> best</c><00:13:11.200><c> for</c><00:13:11.360><c> the</c><00:13:11.440><c> requirements</c><00:13:12.079><c> that</c>

00:13:12.150 --> 00:13:12.160 align:start position:0%
one was best for the requirements that
 

00:13:12.160 --> 00:13:12.870 align:start position:0%
one was best for the requirements that
you<00:13:12.320><c> just</c>

00:13:12.870 --> 00:13:12.880 align:start position:0%
you just
 

00:13:12.880 --> 00:13:15.750 align:start position:0%
you just
specified<00:13:14.320><c> and</c><00:13:14.560><c> it</c><00:13:14.639><c> was</c><00:13:14.800><c> it</c><00:13:14.959><c> was</c><00:13:15.200><c> a</c><00:13:15.519><c> great</c>

00:13:15.750 --> 00:13:15.760 align:start position:0%
specified and it was it was a great
 

00:13:15.760 --> 00:13:16.310 align:start position:0%
specified and it was it was a great
design

00:13:16.310 --> 00:13:16.320 align:start position:0%
design
 

00:13:16.320 --> 00:13:20.310 align:start position:0%
design
problem<00:13:17.440><c> and</c><00:13:18.000><c> i</c><00:13:18.480><c> obviously</c><00:13:18.880><c> used</c><00:13:19.120><c> a</c><00:13:19.200><c> lot</c><00:13:19.360><c> of</c><00:13:19.440><c> my</c>

00:13:20.310 --> 00:13:20.320 align:start position:0%
problem and i obviously used a lot of my
 

00:13:20.320 --> 00:13:22.230 align:start position:0%
problem and i obviously used a lot of my
master's<00:13:20.800><c> work</c><00:13:21.040><c> in</c><00:13:21.200><c> lincoln</c><00:13:21.760><c> consistent</c>

00:13:22.230 --> 00:13:22.240 align:start position:0%
master's work in lincoln consistent
 

00:13:22.240 --> 00:13:23.720 align:start position:0%
master's work in lincoln consistent
optimization

00:13:23.720 --> 00:13:23.730 align:start position:0%
optimization
 

00:13:23.730 --> 00:13:25.750 align:start position:0%
optimization
[Music]

00:13:25.750 --> 00:13:25.760 align:start position:0%
[Music]
 

00:13:25.760 --> 00:13:27.350 align:start position:0%
[Music]
but<00:13:26.000><c> i</c><00:13:26.079><c> think</c><00:13:26.240><c> the</c><00:13:26.320><c> most</c><00:13:26.560><c> important</c><00:13:26.959><c> thing</c><00:13:27.120><c> was</c>

00:13:27.350 --> 00:13:27.360 align:start position:0%
but i think the most important thing was
 

00:13:27.360 --> 00:13:29.350 align:start position:0%
but i think the most important thing was
i<00:13:27.600><c> actually</c><00:13:28.000><c> built</c><00:13:28.399><c> those</c>

00:13:29.350 --> 00:13:29.360 align:start position:0%
i actually built those
 

00:13:29.360 --> 00:13:33.110 align:start position:0%
i actually built those
parts<00:13:30.639><c> and</c><00:13:31.279><c> when</c><00:13:31.440><c> i</c><00:13:31.600><c> got</c><00:13:31.760><c> to</c><00:13:31.920><c> nasa</c>

00:13:33.110 --> 00:13:33.120 align:start position:0%
parts and when i got to nasa
 

00:13:33.120 --> 00:13:35.910 align:start position:0%
parts and when i got to nasa
i<00:13:33.279><c> realized</c><00:13:33.920><c> that</c><00:13:34.160><c> by</c><00:13:34.320><c> the</c><00:13:34.480><c> time</c><00:13:34.800><c> i</c><00:13:34.959><c> was</c><00:13:35.200><c> done</c>

00:13:35.910 --> 00:13:35.920 align:start position:0%
i realized that by the time i was done
 

00:13:35.920 --> 00:13:37.829 align:start position:0%
i realized that by the time i was done
formulating<00:13:36.560><c> that</c><00:13:36.800><c> design</c><00:13:37.200><c> problem</c><00:13:37.600><c> i</c><00:13:37.680><c> knew</c>

00:13:37.829 --> 00:13:37.839 align:start position:0%
formulating that design problem i knew
 

00:13:37.839 --> 00:13:39.590 align:start position:0%
formulating that design problem i knew
what<00:13:38.000><c> the</c><00:13:38.160><c> answer</c><00:13:38.480><c> was</c><00:13:38.800><c> before</c><00:13:39.040><c> i</c><00:13:39.199><c> ran</c><00:13:39.440><c> the</c>

00:13:39.590 --> 00:13:39.600 align:start position:0%
what the answer was before i ran the
 

00:13:39.600 --> 00:13:41.350 align:start position:0%
what the answer was before i ran the
program

00:13:41.350 --> 00:13:41.360 align:start position:0%
program
 

00:13:41.360 --> 00:13:44.550 align:start position:0%
program
that<00:13:41.600><c> i</c><00:13:41.680><c> had</c><00:13:42.240><c> to</c><00:13:42.639><c> formulate</c><00:13:43.199><c> the</c><00:13:43.440><c> design</c><00:13:43.839><c> space</c>

00:13:44.550 --> 00:13:44.560 align:start position:0%
that i had to formulate the design space
 

00:13:44.560 --> 00:13:48.870 align:start position:0%
that i had to formulate the design space
and<00:13:44.720><c> to</c><00:13:46.839><c> to</c>

00:13:48.870 --> 00:13:48.880 align:start position:0%
and to to
 

00:13:48.880 --> 00:13:51.110 align:start position:0%
and to to
to<00:13:49.040><c> write</c><00:13:49.279><c> it</c><00:13:49.360><c> all</c><00:13:49.519><c> down</c><00:13:49.760><c> so</c><00:13:49.920><c> you</c><00:13:50.079><c> could</c><00:13:50.240><c> run</c>

00:13:51.110 --> 00:13:51.120 align:start position:0%
to write it all down so you could run
 

00:13:51.120 --> 00:13:52.230 align:start position:0%
to write it all down so you could run
the<00:13:51.279><c> synthesis</c>

00:13:52.230 --> 00:13:52.240 align:start position:0%
the synthesis
 

00:13:52.240 --> 00:13:53.910 align:start position:0%
the synthesis
i'd<00:13:52.480><c> already</c><00:13:52.720><c> figured</c><00:13:53.040><c> out</c><00:13:53.279><c> which</c><00:13:53.519><c> corner</c><00:13:53.839><c> of</c>

00:13:53.910 --> 00:13:53.920 align:start position:0%
i'd already figured out which corner of
 

00:13:53.920 --> 00:13:55.910 align:start position:0%
i'd already figured out which corner of
the<00:13:54.000><c> design</c><00:13:54.399><c> space</c><00:13:54.720><c> was</c><00:13:54.959><c> best</c>

00:13:55.910 --> 00:13:55.920 align:start position:0%
the design space was best
 

00:13:55.920 --> 00:13:58.150 align:start position:0%
the design space was best
so<00:13:56.079><c> what</c><00:13:56.240><c> i</c><00:13:56.320><c> started</c><00:13:56.639><c> doing</c><00:13:57.199><c> at</c><00:13:57.360><c> nasa</c><00:13:57.760><c> was</c>

00:13:58.150 --> 00:13:58.160 align:start position:0%
so what i started doing at nasa was
 

00:13:58.160 --> 00:13:59.829 align:start position:0%
so what i started doing at nasa was
focusing<00:13:58.560><c> more</c><00:13:58.720><c> on</c><00:13:58.880><c> visualization</c><00:13:59.600><c> of</c><00:13:59.680><c> the</c>

00:13:59.829 --> 00:13:59.839 align:start position:0%
focusing more on visualization of the
 

00:13:59.839 --> 00:14:00.870 align:start position:0%
focusing more on visualization of the
data

00:14:00.870 --> 00:14:00.880 align:start position:0%
data
 

00:14:00.880 --> 00:14:03.189 align:start position:0%
data
and<00:14:01.120><c> not</c><00:14:01.440><c> trying</c><00:14:01.760><c> to</c><00:14:02.240><c> wrap</c><00:14:02.560><c> the</c><00:14:02.639><c> synthesis</c>

00:14:03.189 --> 00:14:03.199 align:start position:0%
and not trying to wrap the synthesis
 

00:14:03.199 --> 00:14:04.949 align:start position:0%
and not trying to wrap the synthesis
loop<00:14:03.440><c> around</c><00:14:03.839><c> it</c>

00:14:04.949 --> 00:14:04.959 align:start position:0%
loop around it
 

00:14:04.959 --> 00:14:07.430 align:start position:0%
loop around it
just<00:14:05.199><c> to</c><00:14:05.600><c> build</c><00:14:05.920><c> visualization</c><00:14:06.720><c> tools</c><00:14:07.120><c> so</c><00:14:07.279><c> i</c>

00:14:07.430 --> 00:14:07.440 align:start position:0%
just to build visualization tools so i
 

00:14:07.440 --> 00:14:09.670 align:start position:0%
just to build visualization tools so i
could<00:14:07.680><c> try</c><00:14:07.920><c> out</c><00:14:08.160><c> different</c><00:14:08.399><c> ideas</c>

00:14:09.670 --> 00:14:09.680 align:start position:0%
could try out different ideas
 

00:14:09.680 --> 00:14:11.670 align:start position:0%
could try out different ideas
and<00:14:09.760><c> then</c><00:14:10.160><c> visualize</c><00:14:10.639><c> the</c><00:14:10.880><c> results</c><00:14:11.360><c> and</c><00:14:11.440><c> then</c>

00:14:11.670 --> 00:14:11.680 align:start position:0%
and then visualize the results and then
 

00:14:11.680 --> 00:14:12.949 align:start position:0%
and then visualize the results and then
let<00:14:12.240><c> i</c><00:14:12.320><c> would</c><00:14:12.480><c> just</c>

00:14:12.949 --> 00:14:12.959 align:start position:0%
let i would just
 

00:14:12.959 --> 00:14:16.230 align:start position:0%
let i would just
in<00:14:13.199><c> what</c><00:14:13.360><c> i</c><00:14:13.440><c> call</c><00:14:13.680><c> wet</c><00:14:13.920><c> wear</c><00:14:15.120><c> synthesize</c><00:14:15.920><c> and</c>

00:14:16.230 --> 00:14:16.240 align:start position:0%
in what i call wet wear synthesize and
 

00:14:16.240 --> 00:14:17.990 align:start position:0%
in what i call wet wear synthesize and
play<00:14:16.399><c> around</c><00:14:16.720><c> the</c><00:14:16.800><c> parameters</c><00:14:17.360><c> until</c><00:14:17.680><c> i</c><00:14:17.760><c> got</c>

00:14:17.990 --> 00:14:18.000 align:start position:0%
play around the parameters until i got
 

00:14:18.000 --> 00:14:19.990 align:start position:0%
play around the parameters until i got
the<00:14:18.079><c> design</c>

00:14:19.990 --> 00:14:20.000 align:start position:0%
the design
 

00:14:20.000 --> 00:14:24.710 align:start position:0%
the design
where<00:14:20.160><c> i</c><00:14:20.240><c> wanted</c><00:14:20.639><c> it</c><00:14:22.880><c> and</c>

00:14:24.710 --> 00:14:24.720 align:start position:0%
where i wanted it and
 

00:14:24.720 --> 00:14:26.230 align:start position:0%
where i wanted it and
that<00:14:24.880><c> was</c><00:14:25.040><c> a</c><00:14:25.120><c> long</c><00:14:25.279><c> time</c><00:14:25.519><c> too</c><00:14:26.000><c> live</c>

00:14:26.230 --> 00:14:26.240 align:start position:0%
that was a long time too live
 

00:14:26.240 --> 00:14:27.990 align:start position:0%
that was a long time too live
visualization<00:14:27.440><c> so</c>

00:14:27.990 --> 00:14:28.000 align:start position:0%
visualization so
 

00:14:28.000 --> 00:14:30.949 align:start position:0%
visualization so
data<00:14:28.839><c> visualization</c><00:14:30.079><c> came</c><00:14:30.240><c> up</c><00:14:30.320><c> with</c><00:14:30.560><c> ways</c><00:14:30.800><c> to</c>

00:14:30.949 --> 00:14:30.959 align:start position:0%
data visualization came up with ways to
 

00:14:30.959 --> 00:14:31.430 align:start position:0%
data visualization came up with ways to
just

00:14:31.430 --> 00:14:31.440 align:start position:0%
just
 

00:14:31.440 --> 00:14:34.790 align:start position:0%
just
to<00:14:32.079><c> see</c><00:14:32.240><c> the</c><00:14:32.399><c> design</c><00:14:32.800><c> of</c><00:14:32.880><c> the</c><00:14:32.959><c> robot</c><00:14:34.320><c> stretch</c>

00:14:34.790 --> 00:14:34.800 align:start position:0%
to see the design of the robot stretch
 

00:14:34.800 --> 00:14:35.750 align:start position:0%
to see the design of the robot stretch
and<00:14:34.959><c> morph</c>

00:14:35.750 --> 00:14:35.760 align:start position:0%
and morph
 

00:14:35.760 --> 00:14:39.590 align:start position:0%
and morph
very<00:14:37.360><c> physically</c><00:14:37.839><c> rather</c><00:14:38.160><c> than</c><00:14:38.720><c> bar</c><00:14:39.040><c> charts</c>

00:14:39.590 --> 00:14:39.600 align:start position:0%
very physically rather than bar charts
 

00:14:39.600 --> 00:14:42.310 align:start position:0%
very physically rather than bar charts
it<00:14:39.760><c> was</c><00:14:39.920><c> the</c><00:14:40.079><c> actual</c><00:14:40.720><c> shape</c><00:14:41.600><c> of</c><00:14:41.680><c> the</c><00:14:41.839><c> robot</c>

00:14:42.310 --> 00:14:42.320 align:start position:0%
it was the actual shape of the robot
 

00:14:42.320 --> 00:14:43.910 align:start position:0%
it was the actual shape of the robot
would<00:14:42.560><c> change</c><00:14:42.959><c> in</c><00:14:43.040><c> front</c><00:14:43.199><c> of</c><00:14:43.279><c> my</c><00:14:43.440><c> eyes</c><00:14:43.680><c> as</c><00:14:43.839><c> i</c>

00:14:43.910 --> 00:14:43.920 align:start position:0%
would change in front of my eyes as i
 

00:14:43.920 --> 00:14:45.750 align:start position:0%
would change in front of my eyes as i
would<00:14:44.079><c> tweet</c><00:14:44.320><c> parameters</c>

00:14:45.750 --> 00:14:45.760 align:start position:0%
would tweet parameters
 

00:14:45.760 --> 00:14:49.269 align:start position:0%
would tweet parameters
and<00:14:47.120><c> the</c><00:14:47.360><c> payload</c><00:14:48.720><c> would</c>

00:14:49.269 --> 00:14:49.279 align:start position:0%
and the payload would
 

00:14:49.279 --> 00:14:52.629 align:start position:0%
and the payload would
shrink<00:14:50.399><c> and</c><00:14:50.959><c> you'd</c><00:14:51.199><c> see</c><00:14:51.519><c> they</c><00:14:51.680><c> were</c><00:14:51.760><c> making</c>

00:14:52.629 --> 00:14:52.639 align:start position:0%
shrink and you'd see they were making
 

00:14:52.639 --> 00:14:55.350 align:start position:0%
shrink and you'd see they were making
progress<00:14:53.120><c> or</c><00:14:53.199><c> not</c><00:14:54.000><c> and</c><00:14:54.160><c> what</c><00:14:54.639><c> year</c><00:14:54.959><c> was</c><00:14:55.199><c> this</c>

00:14:55.350 --> 00:14:55.360 align:start position:0%
progress or not and what year was this
 

00:14:55.360 --> 00:14:57.030 align:start position:0%
progress or not and what year was this
when<00:14:55.519><c> you</c><00:14:55.600><c> were</c><00:14:55.760><c> doing</c><00:14:55.920><c> a</c><00:14:55.920><c> lot</c><00:14:56.079><c> of</c><00:14:56.160><c> this</c><00:14:56.320><c> stuff</c>

00:14:57.030 --> 00:14:57.040 align:start position:0%
when you were doing a lot of this stuff
 

00:14:57.040 --> 00:14:59.990 align:start position:0%
when you were doing a lot of this stuff
so<00:14:57.600><c> my</c><00:14:58.079><c> phd</c><00:14:58.639><c> work</c><00:14:58.959><c> started</c><00:14:59.440><c> in</c><00:14:59.519><c> the</c><00:14:59.600><c> summer</c><00:14:59.920><c> of</c>

00:14:59.990 --> 00:15:00.000 align:start position:0%
so my phd work started in the summer of
 

00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:00.790 align:start position:0%
so my phd work started in the summer of
87

00:15:00.790 --> 00:15:00.800 align:start position:0%
87
 

00:15:00.800 --> 00:15:04.870 align:start position:0%
87
and<00:15:01.040><c> i</c><00:15:01.920><c> finished</c><00:15:02.320><c> in</c><00:15:02.480><c> the</c><00:15:02.560><c> summer</c><00:15:02.800><c> of</c><00:15:02.880><c> 91.</c>

00:15:04.870 --> 00:15:04.880 align:start position:0%
and i finished in the summer of 91.
 

00:15:04.880 --> 00:15:07.990 align:start position:0%
and i finished in the summer of 91.
so<00:15:05.920><c> i</c><00:15:06.000><c> was</c><00:15:06.320><c> using</c>

00:15:07.990 --> 00:15:08.000 align:start position:0%
so i was using
 

00:15:08.000 --> 00:15:12.710 align:start position:0%
so i was using
a<00:15:10.839><c> pc</c><00:15:11.839><c> uh</c>

00:15:12.710 --> 00:15:12.720 align:start position:0%
a pc uh
 

00:15:12.720 --> 00:15:15.990 align:start position:0%
a pc uh
and<00:15:13.279><c> a</c><00:15:13.440><c> silicon</c><00:15:13.920><c> graphics</c><00:15:15.120><c> so</c><00:15:15.440><c> discovering</c>

00:15:15.990 --> 00:15:16.000 align:start position:0%
and a silicon graphics so discovering
 

00:15:16.000 --> 00:15:17.110 align:start position:0%
and a silicon graphics so discovering
the<00:15:16.079><c> silicon</c><00:15:16.480><c> graphics</c>

00:15:17.110 --> 00:15:17.120 align:start position:0%
the silicon graphics
 

00:15:17.120 --> 00:15:19.269 align:start position:0%
the silicon graphics
was<00:15:17.680><c> a</c><00:15:18.000><c> great</c><00:15:18.480><c> kind</c><00:15:18.639><c> of</c><00:15:18.720><c> eye-opening</c>

00:15:19.269 --> 00:15:19.279 align:start position:0%
was a great kind of eye-opening
 

00:15:19.279 --> 00:15:20.629 align:start position:0%
was a great kind of eye-opening
experience<00:15:19.680><c> for</c><00:15:19.839><c> me</c>

00:15:20.629 --> 00:15:20.639 align:start position:0%
experience for me
 

00:15:20.639 --> 00:15:23.030 align:start position:0%
experience for me
it's<00:15:20.800><c> a</c><00:15:20.880><c> great</c><00:15:21.680><c> computer</c><00:15:22.160><c> system</c><00:15:22.800><c> that</c>

00:15:23.030 --> 00:15:23.040 align:start position:0%
it's a great computer system that
 

00:15:23.040 --> 00:15:24.629 align:start position:0%
it's a great computer system that
allowed<00:15:23.519><c> the</c><00:15:23.680><c> opengl</c>

00:15:24.629 --> 00:15:24.639 align:start position:0%
allowed the opengl
 

00:15:24.639 --> 00:15:28.310 align:start position:0%
allowed the opengl
well<00:15:24.800><c> the</c><00:15:24.959><c> gl</c><00:15:25.600><c> graphics</c><00:15:26.079><c> library</c><00:15:27.600><c> that</c>

00:15:28.310 --> 00:15:28.320 align:start position:0%
well the gl graphics library that
 

00:15:28.320 --> 00:15:30.470 align:start position:0%
well the gl graphics library that
then<00:15:28.560><c> became</c><00:15:28.880><c> the</c><00:15:29.040><c> opengl</c><00:15:29.680><c> graphics</c><00:15:30.079><c> library</c>

00:15:30.470 --> 00:15:30.480 align:start position:0%
then became the opengl graphics library
 

00:15:30.480 --> 00:15:31.430 align:start position:0%
then became the opengl graphics library
that's<00:15:30.720><c> used</c><00:15:30.959><c> a</c><00:15:31.040><c> lot</c>

00:15:31.430 --> 00:15:31.440 align:start position:0%
that's used a lot
 

00:15:31.440 --> 00:15:35.110 align:start position:0%
that's used a lot
today<00:15:32.720><c> was</c><00:15:33.040><c> a</c><00:15:33.360><c> great</c><00:15:33.680><c> experience</c>

00:15:35.110 --> 00:15:35.120 align:start position:0%
today was a great experience
 

00:15:35.120 --> 00:15:37.990 align:start position:0%
today was a great experience
and<00:15:35.519><c> being</c><00:15:35.759><c> able</c><00:15:35.920><c> to</c><00:15:36.000><c> visualize</c><00:15:36.639><c> design</c><00:15:37.839><c> in</c>

00:15:37.990 --> 00:15:38.000 align:start position:0%
and being able to visualize design in
 

00:15:38.000 --> 00:15:39.269 align:start position:0%
and being able to visualize design in
three<00:15:38.240><c> dimensions</c>

00:15:39.269 --> 00:15:39.279 align:start position:0%
three dimensions
 

00:15:39.279 --> 00:15:42.790 align:start position:0%
three dimensions
and<00:15:42.079><c> move</c><00:15:42.320><c> it</c>

00:15:42.790 --> 00:15:42.800 align:start position:0%
and move it
 

00:15:42.800 --> 00:15:46.870 align:start position:0%
and move it
see<00:15:42.959><c> how</c><00:15:43.120><c> it</c><00:15:43.279><c> moved</c><00:15:44.480><c> and</c><00:15:45.199><c> see</c><00:15:45.360><c> how</c><00:15:45.519><c> it</c><00:15:45.600><c> performs</c>

00:15:46.870 --> 00:15:46.880 align:start position:0%
see how it moved and see how it performs
 

00:15:46.880 --> 00:15:49.670 align:start position:0%
see how it moved and see how it performs
great<00:15:47.120><c> design</c><00:15:47.360><c> tool</c><00:15:48.800><c> how</c><00:15:49.040><c> is</c><00:15:49.120><c> that</c><00:15:49.279><c> different</c>

00:15:49.670 --> 00:15:49.680 align:start position:0%
great design tool how is that different
 

00:15:49.680 --> 00:15:50.069 align:start position:0%
great design tool how is that different
from

00:15:50.069 --> 00:15:50.079 align:start position:0%
from
 

00:15:50.079 --> 00:15:53.430 align:start position:0%
from
having<00:15:51.040><c> the</c><00:15:51.839><c> you</c><00:15:52.000><c> know</c><00:15:52.160><c> the</c><00:15:52.800><c> kind</c><00:15:53.040><c> of</c><00:15:53.120><c> playing</c>

00:15:53.430 --> 00:15:53.440 align:start position:0%
having the you know the kind of playing
 

00:15:53.440 --> 00:15:54.710 align:start position:0%
having the you know the kind of playing
with<00:15:53.680><c> the</c><00:15:53.759><c> materials</c>

00:15:54.710 --> 00:15:54.720 align:start position:0%
with the materials
 

00:15:54.720 --> 00:15:56.629 align:start position:0%
with the materials
in<00:15:54.880><c> your</c><00:15:55.120><c> hands</c><00:15:55.519><c> and</c><00:15:55.759><c> shaping</c><00:15:56.160><c> them</c><00:15:56.399><c> while</c>

00:15:56.629 --> 00:15:56.639 align:start position:0%
in your hands and shaping them while
 

00:15:56.639 --> 00:15:58.550 align:start position:0%
in your hands and shaping them while
you're<00:15:57.199><c> designing</c><00:15:57.680><c> versus</c><00:15:58.079><c> looking</c><00:15:58.399><c> at</c>

00:15:58.550 --> 00:15:58.560 align:start position:0%
you're designing versus looking at
 

00:15:58.560 --> 00:16:00.870 align:start position:0%
you're designing versus looking at
something<00:15:58.959><c> on</c><00:15:59.120><c> a</c><00:15:59.279><c> computer</c><00:15:59.839><c> screen</c>

00:16:00.870 --> 00:16:00.880 align:start position:0%
something on a computer screen
 

00:16:00.880 --> 00:16:04.629 align:start position:0%
something on a computer screen
it's<00:16:01.040><c> cheaper</c><00:16:03.440><c> but</c><00:16:03.680><c> it's</c><00:16:03.920><c> it's</c><00:16:04.240><c> um</c>

00:16:04.629 --> 00:16:04.639 align:start position:0%
it's cheaper but it's it's um
 

00:16:04.639 --> 00:16:08.069 align:start position:0%
it's cheaper but it's it's um
not<00:16:04.800><c> as</c><00:16:04.959><c> satisfying</c><00:16:05.519><c> to</c><00:16:05.600><c> me</c><00:16:06.639><c> so</c>

00:16:08.069 --> 00:16:08.079 align:start position:0%
not as satisfying to me so
 

00:16:08.079 --> 00:16:10.710 align:start position:0%
not as satisfying to me so
for<00:16:08.240><c> my</c><00:16:08.800><c> my</c><00:16:09.040><c> phd</c><00:16:09.440><c> work</c><00:16:09.600><c> i</c><00:16:09.759><c> wanted</c><00:16:09.920><c> to</c><00:16:10.000><c> do</c><00:16:10.160><c> both</c><00:16:10.560><c> i</c>

00:16:10.710 --> 00:16:10.720 align:start position:0%
for my my phd work i wanted to do both i
 

00:16:10.720 --> 00:16:12.230 align:start position:0%
for my my phd work i wanted to do both i
wanted<00:16:10.959><c> to</c><00:16:11.040><c> build</c>

00:16:12.230 --> 00:16:12.240 align:start position:0%
wanted to build
 

00:16:12.240 --> 00:16:15.430 align:start position:0%
wanted to build
uh<00:16:12.880><c> modules</c><00:16:14.480><c> and</c><00:16:14.639><c> then</c>

00:16:15.430 --> 00:16:15.440 align:start position:0%
uh modules and then
 

00:16:15.440 --> 00:16:18.069 align:start position:0%
uh modules and then
be<00:16:15.920><c> able</c><00:16:16.160><c> to</c><00:16:16.720><c> more</c><00:16:16.880><c> virtually</c><00:16:17.360><c> synthesize</c><00:16:17.920><c> the</c>

00:16:18.069 --> 00:16:18.079 align:start position:0%
be able to more virtually synthesize the
 

00:16:18.079 --> 00:16:20.069 align:start position:0%
be able to more virtually synthesize the
combination<00:16:18.480><c> i</c><00:16:18.480><c> didn't</c><00:16:18.639><c> want</c><00:16:18.880><c> to</c><00:16:18.959><c> put</c><00:16:19.120><c> every</c>

00:16:20.069 --> 00:16:20.079 align:start position:0%
combination i didn't want to put every
 

00:16:20.079 --> 00:16:21.749 align:start position:0%
combination i didn't want to put every
possible<00:16:20.639><c> sequence</c><00:16:21.120><c> of</c><00:16:21.199><c> the</c><00:16:21.279><c> joints</c><00:16:21.680><c> and</c>

00:16:21.749 --> 00:16:21.759 align:start position:0%
possible sequence of the joints and
 

00:16:21.759 --> 00:16:23.110 align:start position:0%
possible sequence of the joints and
links<00:16:22.079><c> together</c><00:16:22.480><c> every</c><00:16:22.720><c> time</c>

00:16:23.110 --> 00:16:23.120 align:start position:0%
links together every time
 

00:16:23.120 --> 00:16:25.030 align:start position:0%
links together every time
i<00:16:23.199><c> wanted</c><00:16:23.519><c> to</c><00:16:23.600><c> evaluate</c><00:16:24.160><c> something</c><00:16:24.720><c> i</c><00:16:24.880><c> didn't</c>

00:16:25.030 --> 00:16:25.040 align:start position:0%
i wanted to evaluate something i didn't
 

00:16:25.040 --> 00:16:26.230 align:start position:0%
i wanted to evaluate something i didn't
need<00:16:25.199><c> to</c><00:16:25.279><c> do</c><00:16:25.440><c> that</c>

00:16:26.230 --> 00:16:26.240 align:start position:0%
need to do that
 

00:16:26.240 --> 00:16:28.629 align:start position:0%
need to do that
but<00:16:26.399><c> i</c><00:16:26.480><c> think</c><00:16:26.720><c> having</c><00:16:27.680><c> designed</c><00:16:28.079><c> and</c><00:16:28.160><c> built</c>

00:16:28.629 --> 00:16:28.639 align:start position:0%
but i think having designed and built
 

00:16:28.639 --> 00:16:29.749 align:start position:0%
but i think having designed and built
the<00:16:28.720><c> parts</c>

00:16:29.749 --> 00:16:29.759 align:start position:0%
the parts
 

00:16:29.759 --> 00:16:32.949 align:start position:0%
the parts
was<00:16:30.000><c> very</c><00:16:30.240><c> important</c><00:16:31.120><c> for</c><00:16:31.279><c> me</c><00:16:31.440><c> to</c><00:16:31.519><c> understand</c>

00:16:32.949 --> 00:16:32.959 align:start position:0%
was very important for me to understand
 

00:16:32.959 --> 00:16:35.110 align:start position:0%
was very important for me to understand
it<00:16:33.199><c> had</c><00:16:33.440><c> led</c><00:16:33.680><c> to</c><00:16:34.079><c> some</c><00:16:34.320><c> important</c><00:16:34.639><c> things</c><00:16:34.959><c> that</c>

00:16:35.110 --> 00:16:35.120 align:start position:0%
it had led to some important things that
 

00:16:35.120 --> 00:16:36.710 align:start position:0%
it had led to some important things that
occurred<00:16:35.440><c> later</c><00:16:35.680><c> in</c><00:16:35.839><c> my</c><00:16:36.000><c> career</c><00:16:36.399><c> i</c><00:16:36.480><c> can</c>

00:16:36.710 --> 00:16:36.720 align:start position:0%
occurred later in my career i can
 

00:16:36.720 --> 00:16:37.509 align:start position:0%
occurred later in my career i can
actually

00:16:37.509 --> 00:16:37.519 align:start position:0%
actually
 

00:16:37.519 --> 00:16:40.790 align:start position:0%
actually
design<00:16:37.920><c> and</c><00:16:38.000><c> build</c><00:16:39.199><c> robotic</c><00:16:39.680><c> systems</c>

00:16:40.790 --> 00:16:40.800 align:start position:0%
design and build robotic systems
 

00:16:40.800 --> 00:16:44.150 align:start position:0%
design and build robotic systems
early<00:16:42.240><c> and</c><00:16:43.680><c> the</c>

00:16:44.150 --> 00:16:44.160 align:start position:0%
early and the
 

00:16:44.160 --> 00:16:45.990 align:start position:0%
early and the
those<00:16:44.480><c> early</c><00:16:44.800><c> robots</c><00:16:45.199><c> that</c><00:16:45.360><c> i</c><00:16:45.440><c> built</c><00:16:45.759><c> were</c>

00:16:45.990 --> 00:16:46.000 align:start position:0%
those early robots that i built were
 

00:16:46.000 --> 00:16:48.470 align:start position:0%
those early robots that i built were
really<00:16:46.320><c> really</c><00:16:46.560><c> bad</c>

00:16:48.470 --> 00:16:48.480 align:start position:0%
really really bad
 

00:16:48.480 --> 00:16:51.670 align:start position:0%
really really bad
horribly<00:16:48.959><c> bad</c><00:16:50.240><c> uh</c><00:16:50.480><c> very</c><00:16:50.800><c> wrong</c>

00:16:51.670 --> 00:16:51.680 align:start position:0%
horribly bad uh very wrong
 

00:16:51.680 --> 00:16:55.509 align:start position:0%
horribly bad uh very wrong
and<00:16:52.720><c> uh</c><00:16:54.000><c> i</c><00:16:54.160><c> was</c><00:16:54.399><c> free</c><00:16:54.560><c> to</c><00:16:54.720><c> do</c><00:16:54.880><c> that</c>

00:16:55.509 --> 00:16:55.519 align:start position:0%
and uh i was free to do that
 

00:16:55.519 --> 00:16:58.230 align:start position:0%
and uh i was free to do that
and<00:16:55.680><c> it</c><00:16:55.759><c> was</c><00:16:55.920><c> important</c><00:16:56.560><c> to</c><00:16:56.720><c> be</c><00:16:56.800><c> able</c><00:16:57.040><c> to</c><00:16:58.079><c> get</c>

00:16:58.230 --> 00:16:58.240 align:start position:0%
and it was important to be able to get
 

00:16:58.240 --> 00:16:59.910 align:start position:0%
and it was important to be able to get
that<00:16:58.480><c> out</c><00:16:58.560><c> of</c><00:16:58.639><c> my</c><00:16:58.880><c> system</c>

00:16:59.910 --> 00:16:59.920 align:start position:0%
that out of my system
 

00:16:59.920 --> 00:17:01.829 align:start position:0%
that out of my system
and<00:17:00.079><c> it</c><00:17:00.480><c> allowed</c><00:17:00.720><c> me</c><00:17:00.880><c> to</c><00:17:01.040><c> set</c><00:17:01.279><c> a</c><00:17:01.360><c> lot</c><00:17:01.519><c> higher</c>

00:17:01.829 --> 00:17:01.839 align:start position:0%
and it allowed me to set a lot higher
 

00:17:01.839 --> 00:17:03.990 align:start position:0%
and it allowed me to set a lot higher
standards<00:17:02.560><c> for</c><00:17:02.800><c> later</c><00:17:03.120><c> when</c><00:17:03.279><c> i</c><00:17:03.440><c> was</c>

00:17:03.990 --> 00:17:04.000 align:start position:0%
standards for later when i was
 

00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:10.870 align:start position:0%
standards for later when i was
doing<00:17:04.240><c> it</c><00:17:04.319><c> professionally</c><00:17:05.919><c> to</c>

00:17:10.870 --> 00:17:10.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:17:10.880 --> 00:17:14.230 align:start position:0%
 
know<00:17:11.120><c> what</c><00:17:11.360><c> could</c><00:17:11.520><c> be</c><00:17:11.679><c> done</c><00:17:12.400><c> and</c>

00:17:14.230 --> 00:17:14.240 align:start position:0%
know what could be done and
 

00:17:14.240 --> 00:17:16.309 align:start position:0%
know what could be done and
have<00:17:14.400><c> an</c><00:17:14.559><c> expectation</c><00:17:15.199><c> that</c><00:17:15.760><c> it</c><00:17:15.839><c> will</c><00:17:16.000><c> be</c><00:17:16.160><c> done</c>

00:17:16.309 --> 00:17:16.319 align:start position:0%
have an expectation that it will be done
 

00:17:16.319 --> 00:17:18.069 align:start position:0%
have an expectation that it will be done
better<00:17:16.640><c> each</c><00:17:16.880><c> time</c>

00:17:18.069 --> 00:17:18.079 align:start position:0%
better each time
 

00:17:18.079 --> 00:17:19.990 align:start position:0%
better each time
what<00:17:18.319><c> do</c><00:17:18.400><c> you</c><00:17:18.559><c> mean</c><00:17:18.720><c> could</c><00:17:18.880><c> you</c><00:17:19.039><c> describe</c><00:17:19.600><c> bad</c>

00:17:19.990 --> 00:17:20.000 align:start position:0%
what do you mean could you describe bad
 

00:17:20.000 --> 00:17:22.870 align:start position:0%
what do you mean could you describe bad
and<00:17:20.160><c> wrong</c><00:17:20.959><c> a</c><00:17:21.039><c> little</c><00:17:21.199><c> bit</c><00:17:21.439><c> in</c><00:17:21.600><c> terms</c><00:17:21.919><c> of</c><00:17:22.079><c> these</c>

00:17:22.870 --> 00:17:22.880 align:start position:0%
and wrong a little bit in terms of these
 

00:17:22.880 --> 00:17:24.309 align:start position:0%
and wrong a little bit in terms of these
so<00:17:23.039><c> when</c><00:17:23.199><c> we</c><00:17:23.520><c> come</c><00:17:23.679><c> up</c><00:17:23.760><c> with</c><00:17:23.919><c> some</c><00:17:24.079><c> more</c>

00:17:24.309 --> 00:17:24.319 align:start position:0%
so when we come up with some more
 

00:17:24.319 --> 00:17:25.990 align:start position:0%
so when we come up with some more
descriptive<00:17:24.799><c> terms</c>

00:17:25.990 --> 00:17:26.000 align:start position:0%
descriptive terms
 

00:17:26.000 --> 00:17:29.430 align:start position:0%
descriptive terms
uh<00:17:26.640><c> clunky</c><00:17:28.240><c> uh</c>

00:17:29.430 --> 00:17:29.440 align:start position:0%
uh clunky uh
 

00:17:29.440 --> 00:17:33.430 align:start position:0%
uh clunky uh
fat<00:17:30.960><c> uh</c><00:17:31.600><c> weak</c>

00:17:33.430 --> 00:17:33.440 align:start position:0%
fat uh weak
 

00:17:33.440 --> 00:17:37.029 align:start position:0%
fat uh weak
um

00:17:37.029 --> 00:17:37.039 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:17:37.039 --> 00:17:40.230 align:start position:0%
 
we<00:17:37.200><c> can</c><00:17:37.360><c> just</c><00:17:37.600><c> describe</c><00:17:38.080><c> the</c><00:17:38.320><c> robot</c><00:17:38.960><c> or</c><00:17:39.679><c> well</c>

00:17:40.230 --> 00:17:40.240 align:start position:0%
we can just describe the robot or well
 

00:17:40.240 --> 00:17:43.430 align:start position:0%
we can just describe the robot or well
i<00:17:40.880><c> uh</c><00:17:41.360><c> i</c><00:17:41.520><c> built</c><00:17:42.000><c> robots</c><00:17:42.880><c> that</c>

00:17:43.430 --> 00:17:43.440 align:start position:0%
i uh i built robots that
 

00:17:43.440 --> 00:17:45.830 align:start position:0%
i uh i built robots that
were<00:17:43.679><c> not</c><00:17:44.160><c> deeply</c><00:17:44.559><c> integrated</c><00:17:45.360><c> so</c><00:17:45.520><c> i</c><00:17:45.600><c> was</c>

00:17:45.830 --> 00:17:45.840 align:start position:0%
were not deeply integrated so i was
 

00:17:45.840 --> 00:17:48.310 align:start position:0%
were not deeply integrated so i was
buying<00:17:46.240><c> components</c><00:17:46.799><c> like</c><00:17:47.039><c> actuators</c>

00:17:48.310 --> 00:17:48.320 align:start position:0%
buying components like actuators
 

00:17:48.320 --> 00:17:51.029 align:start position:0%
buying components like actuators
and<00:17:48.480><c> sensors</c><00:17:49.600><c> with</c><00:17:49.840><c> their</c><00:17:50.000><c> own</c><00:17:50.160><c> housings</c><00:17:50.960><c> and</c>

00:17:51.029 --> 00:17:51.039 align:start position:0%
and sensors with their own housings and
 

00:17:51.039 --> 00:17:53.029 align:start position:0%
and sensors with their own housings and
then<00:17:51.280><c> putting</c><00:17:51.520><c> those</c><00:17:51.760><c> together</c>

00:17:53.029 --> 00:17:53.039 align:start position:0%
then putting those together
 

00:17:53.039 --> 00:17:54.870 align:start position:0%
then putting those together
rather<00:17:53.280><c> than</c><00:17:53.520><c> starting</c><00:17:53.840><c> with</c><00:17:54.000><c> more</c><00:17:54.240><c> basic</c>

00:17:54.870 --> 00:17:54.880 align:start position:0%
rather than starting with more basic
 

00:17:54.880 --> 00:17:56.150 align:start position:0%
rather than starting with more basic
components

00:17:56.150 --> 00:17:56.160 align:start position:0%
components
 

00:17:56.160 --> 00:17:59.350 align:start position:0%
components
like<00:17:56.320><c> the</c><00:17:56.480><c> stator</c><00:17:56.960><c> of</c><00:17:57.120><c> a</c><00:17:57.200><c> rotor</c><00:17:57.760><c> of</c><00:17:58.000><c> a</c><00:17:58.640><c> cedar</c>

00:17:59.350 --> 00:17:59.360 align:start position:0%
like the stator of a rotor of a cedar
 

00:17:59.360 --> 00:18:02.950 align:start position:0%
like the stator of a rotor of a cedar
and<00:17:59.520><c> a</c><00:17:59.600><c> motor</c><00:18:00.720><c> or</c><00:18:01.039><c> just</c><00:18:01.280><c> the</c><00:18:01.440><c> optical</c><00:18:01.919><c> disc</c>

00:18:02.950 --> 00:18:02.960 align:start position:0%
and a motor or just the optical disc
 

00:18:02.960 --> 00:18:05.990 align:start position:0%
and a motor or just the optical disc
and<00:18:03.200><c> a</c><00:18:03.280><c> reader</c><00:18:03.600><c> head</c><00:18:04.320><c> bind</c><00:18:04.640><c> the</c><00:18:04.720><c> whole</c><00:18:04.960><c> encoder</c>

00:18:05.990 --> 00:18:06.000 align:start position:0%
and a reader head bind the whole encoder
 

00:18:06.000 --> 00:18:08.390 align:start position:0%
and a reader head bind the whole encoder
with<00:18:06.160><c> a</c><00:18:06.240><c> package</c><00:18:06.640><c> around</c><00:18:07.039><c> it</c><00:18:08.000><c> means</c><00:18:08.320><c> you've</c>

00:18:08.390 --> 00:18:08.400 align:start position:0%
with a package around it means you've
 

00:18:08.400 --> 00:18:09.110 align:start position:0%
with a package around it means you've
got<00:18:08.559><c> this</c><00:18:08.799><c> big</c>

00:18:09.110 --> 00:18:09.120 align:start position:0%
got this big
 

00:18:09.120 --> 00:18:12.230 align:start position:0%
got this big
thing<00:18:10.400><c> sticking</c><00:18:10.720><c> out</c><00:18:10.880><c> the</c><00:18:11.039><c> side</c>

00:18:12.230 --> 00:18:12.240 align:start position:0%
thing sticking out the side
 

00:18:12.240 --> 00:18:17.190 align:start position:0%
thing sticking out the side
clamping<00:18:12.720><c> it</c>

00:18:17.190 --> 00:18:17.200 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:17.200 --> 00:18:22.789 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:18:18.000><c> it</c><00:18:19.679><c> violated</c><00:18:20.160><c> my</c><00:18:20.320><c> sensibilities</c><00:18:21.200><c> what</c>

00:18:22.789 --> 00:18:22.799 align:start position:0%
and it violated my sensibilities what
 

00:18:22.799 --> 00:18:26.549 align:start position:0%
and it violated my sensibilities what
design<00:18:23.280><c> should</c><00:18:23.520><c> be</c><00:18:24.400><c> but</c><00:18:24.640><c> i</c><00:18:24.880><c> i</c><00:18:25.039><c> was</c><00:18:25.280><c> learning</c>

00:18:26.549 --> 00:18:26.559 align:start position:0%
design should be but i i was learning
 

00:18:26.559 --> 00:18:28.150 align:start position:0%
design should be but i i was learning
getting<00:18:26.799><c> a</c><00:18:26.880><c> feel</c><00:18:27.200><c> for</c><00:18:27.360><c> all</c><00:18:27.440><c> the</c><00:18:27.520><c> componentry</c>

00:18:28.150 --> 00:18:28.160 align:start position:0%
getting a feel for all the componentry
 

00:18:28.160 --> 00:18:30.549 align:start position:0%
getting a feel for all the componentry
that<00:18:28.320><c> had</c><00:18:28.480><c> to</c><00:18:28.640><c> go</c><00:18:28.799><c> into</c><00:18:29.039><c> the</c><00:18:29.120><c> designs</c>

00:18:30.549 --> 00:18:30.559 align:start position:0%
that had to go into the designs
 

00:18:30.559 --> 00:18:34.070 align:start position:0%
that had to go into the designs
and<00:18:30.720><c> i</c><00:18:30.960><c> i'm</c><00:18:31.520><c> big</c><00:18:31.679><c> on</c><00:18:31.919><c> iteration</c><00:18:33.520><c> and</c><00:18:33.679><c> i</c>

00:18:34.070 --> 00:18:34.080 align:start position:0%
and i i'm big on iteration and i
 

00:18:34.080 --> 00:18:36.150 align:start position:0%
and i i'm big on iteration and i
can<00:18:34.480><c> just</c><00:18:34.720><c> look</c><00:18:34.880><c> at</c><00:18:35.039><c> designs</c><00:18:35.600><c> and</c><00:18:35.679><c> know</c><00:18:36.000><c> that</c>

00:18:36.150 --> 00:18:36.160 align:start position:0%
can just look at designs and know that
 

00:18:36.160 --> 00:18:37.350 align:start position:0%
can just look at designs and know that
they<00:18:36.320><c> were</c><00:18:36.480><c> a</c><00:18:36.960><c> first</c>

00:18:37.350 --> 00:18:37.360 align:start position:0%
they were a first
 

00:18:37.360 --> 00:18:40.230 align:start position:0%
they were a first
row<00:18:38.480><c> or</c><00:18:38.640><c> that</c><00:18:38.799><c> the</c><00:18:38.880><c> person</c><00:18:39.200><c> didn't</c><00:18:39.440><c> care</c><00:18:40.000><c> it</c>

00:18:40.230 --> 00:18:40.240 align:start position:0%
row or that the person didn't care it
 

00:18:40.240 --> 00:18:41.750 align:start position:0%
row or that the person didn't care it
might<00:18:40.400><c> be</c><00:18:40.559><c> a</c><00:18:40.640><c> tenth</c><00:18:40.880><c> rep</c><00:18:41.200><c> and</c><00:18:41.280><c> they</c><00:18:41.440><c> just</c><00:18:41.520><c> don't</c>

00:18:41.750 --> 00:18:41.760 align:start position:0%
might be a tenth rep and they just don't
 

00:18:41.760 --> 00:18:41.990 align:start position:0%
might be a tenth rep and they just don't
care

00:18:41.990 --> 00:18:42.000 align:start position:0%
care
 

00:18:42.000 --> 00:18:45.430 align:start position:0%
care
but<00:18:42.799><c> you</c><00:18:42.960><c> look</c><00:18:43.120><c> at</c><00:18:43.280><c> it</c><00:18:43.440><c> and</c><00:18:43.679><c> it's</c><00:18:44.000><c> it's</c><00:18:44.320><c> clear</c>

00:18:45.430 --> 00:18:45.440 align:start position:0%
but you look at it and it's it's clear
 

00:18:45.440 --> 00:18:46.870 align:start position:0%
but you look at it and it's it's clear
that<00:18:45.600><c> they</c><00:18:45.760><c> were</c><00:18:46.080><c> putting</c><00:18:46.400><c> things</c><00:18:46.559><c> together</c>

00:18:46.870 --> 00:18:46.880 align:start position:0%
that they were putting things together
 

00:18:46.880 --> 00:18:50.310 align:start position:0%
that they were putting things together
for<00:18:47.039><c> the</c><00:18:47.120><c> first</c><00:18:47.440><c> time</c>

00:18:50.310 --> 00:18:50.320 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:18:50.320 --> 00:18:52.710 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:18:51.200><c> i</c><00:18:51.280><c> hadn't</c><00:18:51.600><c> really</c><00:18:51.919><c> thought</c><00:18:52.160><c> it</c><00:18:52.320><c> all</c><00:18:52.480><c> out</c>

00:18:52.710 --> 00:18:52.720 align:start position:0%
and i hadn't really thought it all out
 

00:18:52.720 --> 00:18:53.669 align:start position:0%
and i hadn't really thought it all out
yet

00:18:53.669 --> 00:18:53.679 align:start position:0%
yet
 

00:18:53.679 --> 00:18:55.190 align:start position:0%
yet
once<00:18:53.919><c> you</c><00:18:54.000><c> get</c><00:18:54.160><c> all</c><00:18:54.240><c> the</c><00:18:54.400><c> pieces</c><00:18:54.720><c> together</c><00:18:55.120><c> you</c>

00:18:55.190 --> 00:18:55.200 align:start position:0%
once you get all the pieces together you
 

00:18:55.200 --> 00:18:56.950 align:start position:0%
once you get all the pieces together you
realize<00:18:55.600><c> oh</c><00:18:56.000><c> it</c><00:18:56.080><c> would</c><00:18:56.240><c> have</c><00:18:56.320><c> been</c><00:18:56.480><c> better</c>

00:18:56.950 --> 00:18:56.960 align:start position:0%
realize oh it would have been better
 

00:18:56.960 --> 00:18:59.510 align:start position:0%
realize oh it would have been better
if<00:18:57.120><c> i</c><00:18:57.280><c> known</c><00:18:57.840><c> that</c><00:18:58.080><c> the</c><00:18:58.400><c> nth</c><00:18:58.720><c> piece</c><00:18:59.120><c> that</c><00:18:59.280><c> i</c><00:18:59.360><c> was</c>

00:18:59.510 --> 00:18:59.520 align:start position:0%
if i known that the nth piece that i was
 

00:18:59.520 --> 00:19:00.549 align:start position:0%
if i known that the nth piece that i was
going<00:18:59.600><c> to</c><00:18:59.760><c> add</c>

00:19:00.549 --> 00:19:00.559 align:start position:0%
going to add
 

00:19:00.559 --> 00:19:02.950 align:start position:0%
going to add
was<00:19:00.799><c> that</c><00:19:01.039><c> way</c><00:19:02.080><c> i</c><00:19:02.240><c> would</c><00:19:02.400><c> have</c><00:19:02.480><c> made</c><00:19:02.640><c> a</c><00:19:02.720><c> much</c>

00:19:02.950 --> 00:19:02.960 align:start position:0%
was that way i would have made a much
 

00:19:02.960 --> 00:19:04.310 align:start position:0%
was that way i would have made a much
different<00:19:03.280><c> choice</c>

00:19:04.310 --> 00:19:04.320 align:start position:0%
different choice
 

00:19:04.320 --> 00:19:08.789 align:start position:0%
different choice
on<00:19:04.559><c> the</c><00:19:04.720><c> first</c><00:19:05.039><c> and</c><00:19:05.120><c> second</c><00:19:05.440><c> piece</c>

00:19:08.789 --> 00:19:08.799 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:19:08.799 --> 00:19:10.870 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:19:09.039><c> it's</c><00:19:09.039><c> it's</c><00:19:09.600><c> clear</c><00:19:09.919><c> when</c><00:19:10.160><c> a</c><00:19:10.240><c> prototype</c>

00:19:10.870 --> 00:19:10.880 align:start position:0%
and it's it's clear when a prototype
 

00:19:10.880 --> 00:19:11.990 align:start position:0%
and it's it's clear when a prototype
that's<00:19:11.679><c> not</c>

00:19:11.990 --> 00:19:12.000 align:start position:0%
that's not
 

00:19:12.000 --> 00:19:14.230 align:start position:0%
that's not
well<00:19:12.880><c> thought</c><00:19:13.120><c> out</c><00:19:13.280><c> like</c><00:19:13.440><c> that</c><00:19:13.679><c> early</c><00:19:14.000><c> in</c><00:19:14.160><c> the</c>

00:19:14.230 --> 00:19:14.240 align:start position:0%
well thought out like that early in the
 

00:19:14.240 --> 00:19:15.510 align:start position:0%
well thought out like that early in the
design<00:19:14.960><c> uh</c>

00:19:15.510 --> 00:19:15.520 align:start position:0%
design uh
 

00:19:15.520 --> 00:19:20.630 align:start position:0%
design uh
just<00:19:15.679><c> has</c><00:19:15.840><c> another</c><00:19:16.240><c> clumpy</c><00:19:16.640><c> look</c><00:19:16.880><c> to</c><00:19:17.039><c> it</c>

00:19:20.630 --> 00:19:20.640 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:19:20.640 --> 00:19:28.470 align:start position:0%
 
they<00:19:22.559><c> were</c><00:19:23.280><c> just</c><00:19:23.520><c> starting</c>

00:19:28.470 --> 00:19:28.480 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:19:28.480 --> 00:19:30.710 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:19:28.640><c> who</c><00:19:28.799><c> did</c><00:19:28.960><c> you</c><00:19:29.120><c> work</c><00:19:29.360><c> with</c><00:19:29.679><c> during</c><00:19:30.320><c> your</c>

00:19:30.710 --> 00:19:30.720 align:start position:0%
and who did you work with during your
 

00:19:30.720 --> 00:19:32.390 align:start position:0%
and who did you work with during your
phd<00:19:31.360><c> with</c><00:19:31.600><c> your</c><00:19:31.760><c> advisors</c>

00:19:32.390 --> 00:19:32.400 align:start position:0%
phd with your advisors
 

00:19:32.400 --> 00:19:35.350 align:start position:0%
phd with your advisors
my<00:19:32.720><c> my</c><00:19:32.880><c> phd</c><00:19:33.360><c> supervisor</c><00:19:34.000><c> was</c><00:19:34.320><c> del</c><00:19:34.559><c> tesser</c><00:19:35.280><c> at</c>

00:19:35.350 --> 00:19:35.360 align:start position:0%
my my phd supervisor was del tesser at
 

00:19:35.360 --> 00:19:38.150 align:start position:0%
my my phd supervisor was del tesser at
the<00:19:35.520><c> university</c><00:19:35.840><c> of</c><00:19:36.000><c> texas</c><00:19:36.840><c> austin</c>

00:19:38.150 --> 00:19:38.160 align:start position:0%
the university of texas austin
 

00:19:38.160 --> 00:19:41.350 align:start position:0%
the university of texas austin
and<00:19:38.559><c> dell</c><00:19:39.039><c> really</c><00:19:39.280><c> liked</c><00:19:39.600><c> design</c><00:19:40.640><c> and</c>

00:19:41.350 --> 00:19:41.360 align:start position:0%
and dell really liked design and
 

00:19:41.360 --> 00:19:46.230 align:start position:0%
and dell really liked design and
liked<00:19:41.919><c> actuators</c><00:19:43.919><c> came</c><00:19:44.160><c> from</c>

00:19:46.230 --> 00:19:46.240 align:start position:0%
liked actuators came from
 

00:19:46.240 --> 00:19:50.830 align:start position:0%
liked actuators came from
an<00:19:46.480><c> era</c><00:19:46.799><c> in</c><00:19:48.400><c> mechanism</c><00:19:48.960><c> design</c>

00:19:50.830 --> 00:19:50.840 align:start position:0%
an era in mechanism design
 

00:19:50.840 --> 00:19:53.909 align:start position:0%
an era in mechanism design
and<00:19:51.200><c> uh</c><00:19:52.160><c> got</c><00:19:52.320><c> into</c><00:19:52.559><c> robotics</c>

00:19:53.909 --> 00:19:53.919 align:start position:0%
and uh got into robotics
 

00:19:53.919 --> 00:19:56.950 align:start position:0%
and uh got into robotics
uh<00:19:54.160><c> after</c><00:19:54.400><c> he</c><00:19:54.640><c> graduated</c><00:19:55.280><c> and</c><00:19:56.320><c> uh</c><00:19:56.559><c> went</c><00:19:56.799><c> to</c><00:19:56.880><c> the</c>

00:19:56.950 --> 00:19:56.960 align:start position:0%
uh after he graduated and uh went to the
 

00:19:56.960 --> 00:19:57.750 align:start position:0%
uh after he graduated and uh went to the
eric<00:19:57.280><c> or</c>

00:19:57.750 --> 00:19:57.760 align:start position:0%
eric or
 

00:19:57.760 --> 00:20:00.230 align:start position:0%
eric or
university<00:19:58.160><c> of</c><00:19:58.240><c> florida</c><00:19:59.520><c> and</c><00:19:59.760><c> worked</c><00:20:00.080><c> with</c>

00:20:00.230 --> 00:20:00.240 align:start position:0%
university of florida and worked with
 

00:20:00.240 --> 00:20:02.470 align:start position:0%
university of florida and worked with
some<00:20:00.400><c> great</c><00:20:00.640><c> people</c><00:20:00.880><c> like</c><00:20:01.120><c> joe</c><00:20:01.360><c> duffy</c>

00:20:02.470 --> 00:20:02.480 align:start position:0%
some great people like joe duffy
 

00:20:02.480 --> 00:20:05.590 align:start position:0%
some great people like joe duffy
in<00:20:02.640><c> florida</c><00:20:03.440><c> then</c><00:20:03.679><c> came</c><00:20:04.000><c> to</c><00:20:04.880><c> texas</c>

00:20:05.590 --> 00:20:05.600 align:start position:0%
in florida then came to texas
 

00:20:05.600 --> 00:20:08.710 align:start position:0%
in florida then came to texas
before<00:20:06.000><c> i</c><00:20:06.159><c> came</c><00:20:06.320><c> to</c><00:20:06.480><c> texas</c><00:20:08.080><c> and</c><00:20:08.400><c> started</c><00:20:08.640><c> a</c>

00:20:08.710 --> 00:20:08.720 align:start position:0%
before i came to texas and started a
 

00:20:08.720 --> 00:20:10.390 align:start position:0%
before i came to texas and started a
robotics<00:20:09.280><c> team</c><00:20:09.520><c> there</c>

00:20:10.390 --> 00:20:10.400 align:start position:0%
robotics team there
 

00:20:10.400 --> 00:20:13.830 align:start position:0%
robotics team there
and<00:20:11.200><c> we</c><00:20:11.360><c> had</c><00:20:12.240><c> sedel</c><00:20:12.640><c> was</c><00:20:12.880><c> great</c>

00:20:13.830 --> 00:20:13.840 align:start position:0%
and we had sedel was great
 

00:20:13.840 --> 00:20:16.149 align:start position:0%
and we had sedel was great
but<00:20:14.080><c> even</c><00:20:14.320><c> better</c><00:20:14.559><c> than</c><00:20:14.720><c> dell</c><00:20:15.440><c> were</c><00:20:15.679><c> the</c><00:20:15.840><c> grad</c>

00:20:16.149 --> 00:20:16.159 align:start position:0%
but even better than dell were the grad
 

00:20:16.159 --> 00:20:18.630 align:start position:0%
but even better than dell were the grad
students<00:20:16.480><c> we</c><00:20:16.640><c> had</c><00:20:16.799><c> a</c><00:20:16.960><c> great</c><00:20:17.280><c> group</c><00:20:17.679><c> of</c><00:20:17.840><c> people</c>

00:20:18.630 --> 00:20:18.640 align:start position:0%
students we had a great group of people
 

00:20:18.640 --> 00:20:20.310 align:start position:0%
students we had a great group of people
that<00:20:18.799><c> were</c><00:20:18.960><c> just</c><00:20:19.200><c> really</c><00:20:19.440><c> into</c><00:20:19.679><c> robotics</c>

00:20:20.310 --> 00:20:20.320 align:start position:0%
that were just really into robotics
 

00:20:20.320 --> 00:20:21.909 align:start position:0%
that were just really into robotics
there<00:20:20.400><c> were</c><00:20:20.559><c> a</c><00:20:20.640><c> lot</c><00:20:20.799><c> of</c><00:20:20.880><c> students</c><00:20:21.280><c> like</c><00:20:21.520><c> 30</c>

00:20:21.909 --> 00:20:21.919 align:start position:0%
there were a lot of students like 30
 

00:20:21.919 --> 00:20:23.190 align:start position:0%
there were a lot of students like 30
students<00:20:22.320><c> there</c>

00:20:23.190 --> 00:20:23.200 align:start position:0%
students there
 

00:20:23.200 --> 00:20:24.870 align:start position:0%
students there
and<00:20:23.440><c> we</c><00:20:23.600><c> all</c><00:20:23.919><c> were</c><00:20:24.080><c> just</c><00:20:24.320><c> really</c><00:20:24.640><c> into</c>

00:20:24.870 --> 00:20:24.880 align:start position:0%
and we all were just really into
 

00:20:24.880 --> 00:20:26.310 align:start position:0%
and we all were just really into
robotics<00:20:25.520><c> and</c><00:20:25.679><c> we</c><00:20:25.840><c> all</c>

00:20:26.310 --> 00:20:26.320 align:start position:0%
robotics and we all
 

00:20:26.320 --> 00:20:29.110 align:start position:0%
robotics and we all
learn<00:20:26.559><c> from</c><00:20:26.799><c> each</c><00:20:26.960><c> other</c><00:20:27.360><c> and</c><00:20:28.640><c> we're</c><00:20:28.880><c> always</c>

00:20:29.110 --> 00:20:29.120 align:start position:0%
learn from each other and we're always
 

00:20:29.120 --> 00:20:30.470 align:start position:0%
learn from each other and we're always
finding<00:20:29.440><c> new</c><00:20:29.679><c> things</c>

00:20:30.470 --> 00:20:30.480 align:start position:0%
finding new things
 

00:20:30.480 --> 00:20:33.990 align:start position:0%
finding new things
and<00:20:31.440><c> you</c><00:20:31.520><c> know</c><00:20:31.600><c> back</c><00:20:31.840><c> then</c><00:20:32.080><c> that</c><00:20:32.240><c> was</c><00:20:33.440><c> again</c><00:20:33.919><c> a</c>

00:20:33.990 --> 00:20:34.000 align:start position:0%
and you know back then that was again a
 

00:20:34.000 --> 00:20:35.270 align:start position:0%
and you know back then that was again a
long<00:20:34.240><c> time</c><00:20:34.480><c> ago</c>

00:20:35.270 --> 00:20:35.280 align:start position:0%
long time ago
 

00:20:35.280 --> 00:20:38.310 align:start position:0%
long time ago
pre-google<00:20:36.480><c> so</c><00:20:36.960><c> if</c><00:20:37.120><c> you</c><00:20:37.200><c> have</c><00:20:37.360><c> 30</c><00:20:37.760><c> people</c>

00:20:38.310 --> 00:20:38.320 align:start position:0%
pre-google so if you have 30 people
 

00:20:38.320 --> 00:20:40.310 align:start position:0%
pre-google so if you have 30 people
with<00:20:38.559><c> fairly</c><00:20:38.880><c> crude</c><00:20:39.280><c> information</c><00:20:39.840><c> gathering</c>

00:20:40.310 --> 00:20:40.320 align:start position:0%
with fairly crude information gathering
 

00:20:40.320 --> 00:20:41.590 align:start position:0%
with fairly crude information gathering
capabilities

00:20:41.590 --> 00:20:41.600 align:start position:0%
capabilities
 

00:20:41.600 --> 00:20:42.870 align:start position:0%
capabilities
you<00:20:41.679><c> know</c><00:20:41.840><c> that</c><00:20:42.000><c> might</c><00:20:42.159><c> be</c><00:20:42.320><c> as</c><00:20:42.400><c> good</c><00:20:42.559><c> as</c><00:20:42.720><c> one</c>

00:20:42.870 --> 00:20:42.880 align:start position:0%
you know that might be as good as one
 

00:20:42.880 --> 00:20:45.190 align:start position:0%
you know that might be as good as one
person<00:20:43.280><c> today</c><00:20:44.320><c> who's</c><00:20:44.799><c> got</c>

00:20:45.190 --> 00:20:45.200 align:start position:0%
person today who's got
 

00:20:45.200 --> 00:20:47.110 align:start position:0%
person today who's got
the<00:20:45.280><c> world</c><00:20:45.600><c> at</c><00:20:45.679><c> their</c><00:20:45.840><c> fingertips</c><00:20:46.799><c> with</c><00:20:46.960><c> that</c>

00:20:47.110 --> 00:20:47.120 align:start position:0%
the world at their fingertips with that
 

00:20:47.120 --> 00:20:49.750 align:start position:0%
the world at their fingertips with that
many<00:20:47.360><c> people</c><00:20:47.600><c> all</c><00:20:47.840><c> finding</c><00:20:48.240><c> things</c>

00:20:49.750 --> 00:20:49.760 align:start position:0%
many people all finding things
 

00:20:49.760 --> 00:20:51.190 align:start position:0%
many people all finding things
the<00:20:49.919><c> old-fashioned</c><00:20:50.480><c> way</c><00:20:50.720><c> where</c><00:20:50.799><c> you</c><00:20:50.960><c> had</c><00:20:51.039><c> to</c>

00:20:51.190 --> 00:20:51.200 align:start position:0%
the old-fashioned way where you had to
 

00:20:51.200 --> 00:20:53.510 align:start position:0%
the old-fashioned way where you had to
go<00:20:51.360><c> into</c><00:20:51.600><c> the</c><00:20:51.679><c> library</c><00:20:52.240><c> and</c><00:20:52.320><c> read</c>

00:20:53.510 --> 00:20:53.520 align:start position:0%
go into the library and read
 

00:20:53.520 --> 00:20:55.350 align:start position:0%
go into the library and read
was<00:20:53.840><c> better</c><00:20:54.080><c> than</c><00:20:54.240><c> just</c><00:20:54.480><c> a</c><00:20:54.559><c> person</c><00:20:54.880><c> by</c><00:20:55.039><c> himself</c>

00:20:55.350 --> 00:20:55.360 align:start position:0%
was better than just a person by himself
 

00:20:55.360 --> 00:20:57.190 align:start position:0%
was better than just a person by himself
so<00:20:55.600><c> all</c><00:20:55.760><c> those</c><00:20:55.919><c> people</c><00:20:56.320><c> finding</c><00:20:56.640><c> new</c><00:20:56.799><c> things</c>

00:20:57.190 --> 00:20:57.200 align:start position:0%
so all those people finding new things
 

00:20:57.200 --> 00:20:58.230 align:start position:0%
so all those people finding new things
and<00:20:57.360><c> new</c><00:20:57.600><c> ideas</c>

00:20:58.230 --> 00:20:58.240 align:start position:0%
and new ideas
 

00:20:58.240 --> 00:21:00.789 align:start position:0%
and new ideas
and<00:20:59.280><c> hanging</c><00:20:59.600><c> out</c><00:20:59.760><c> at</c><00:20:59.840><c> the</c><00:20:59.919><c> lunch</c><00:21:00.240><c> table</c>

00:21:00.789 --> 00:21:00.799 align:start position:0%
and hanging out at the lunch table
 

00:21:00.799 --> 00:21:03.270 align:start position:0%
and hanging out at the lunch table
discussing<00:21:01.360><c> them</c>

00:21:03.270 --> 00:21:03.280 align:start position:0%
discussing them
 

00:21:03.280 --> 00:21:05.029 align:start position:0%
discussing them
that<00:21:03.440><c> was</c><00:21:03.679><c> really</c><00:21:03.840><c> important</c><00:21:04.240><c> that's</c><00:21:04.400><c> where</c>

00:21:05.029 --> 00:21:05.039 align:start position:0%
that was really important that's where
 

00:21:05.039 --> 00:21:06.870 align:start position:0%
that was really important that's where
most<00:21:05.280><c> of</c><00:21:05.360><c> the</c><00:21:05.440><c> learning</c><00:21:05.760><c> was</c><00:21:05.919><c> really</c><00:21:06.159><c> going</c><00:21:06.480><c> on</c>

00:21:06.870 --> 00:21:06.880 align:start position:0%
most of the learning was really going on
 

00:21:06.880 --> 00:21:10.149 align:start position:0%
most of the learning was really going on
with<00:21:07.760><c> the</c><00:21:07.919><c> students</c><00:21:08.400><c> all</c><00:21:09.440><c> working</c><00:21:09.760><c> together</c>

00:21:10.149 --> 00:21:10.159 align:start position:0%
with the students all working together
 

00:21:10.159 --> 00:21:10.549 align:start position:0%
with the students all working together
to

00:21:10.549 --> 00:21:10.559 align:start position:0%
to
 

00:21:10.559 --> 00:21:13.510 align:start position:0%
to
figure<00:21:10.880><c> out</c><00:21:11.120><c> this</c><00:21:11.360><c> field</c><00:21:11.520><c> of</c><00:21:11.679><c> robotics</c><00:21:13.360><c> and</c>

00:21:13.510 --> 00:21:13.520 align:start position:0%
figure out this field of robotics and
 

00:21:13.520 --> 00:21:15.990 align:start position:0%
figure out this field of robotics and
who<00:21:13.760><c> are</c><00:21:13.919><c> some</c><00:21:14.080><c> of</c><00:21:14.240><c> the</c><00:21:14.840><c> students</c><00:21:15.280><c> over</c><00:21:15.520><c> here</c>

00:21:15.990 --> 00:21:16.000 align:start position:0%
who are some of the students over here
 

00:21:16.000 --> 00:21:19.350 align:start position:0%
who are some of the students over here
well<00:21:16.159><c> one</c><00:21:16.320><c> of</c><00:21:16.480><c> them</c><00:21:16.559><c> was</c><00:21:16.799><c> my</c><00:21:16.960><c> wife</c><00:21:18.240><c> so</c>

00:21:19.350 --> 00:21:19.360 align:start position:0%
well one of them was my wife so
 

00:21:19.360 --> 00:21:23.029 align:start position:0%
well one of them was my wife so
i<00:21:19.679><c> was</c><00:21:19.919><c> very</c><00:21:20.480><c> i'm</c><00:21:21.039><c> definitely</c><00:21:21.440><c> married</c><00:21:21.840><c> up</c>

00:21:23.029 --> 00:21:23.039 align:start position:0%
i was very i'm definitely married up
 

00:21:23.039 --> 00:21:26.390 align:start position:0%
i was very i'm definitely married up
she<00:21:23.919><c> did</c><00:21:24.080><c> her</c><00:21:24.240><c> master's</c><00:21:25.120><c> in</c><00:21:25.360><c> biomedical</c>

00:21:26.390 --> 00:21:26.400 align:start position:0%
she did her master's in biomedical
 

00:21:26.400 --> 00:21:27.830 align:start position:0%
she did her master's in biomedical
engineering

00:21:27.830 --> 00:21:27.840 align:start position:0%
engineering
 

00:21:27.840 --> 00:21:30.070 align:start position:0%
engineering
and<00:21:28.320><c> then</c><00:21:28.559><c> came</c><00:21:28.799><c> back</c><00:21:29.039><c> to</c><00:21:29.200><c> mechanical</c><00:21:29.760><c> for</c><00:21:29.919><c> a</c>

00:21:30.070 --> 00:21:30.080 align:start position:0%
and then came back to mechanical for a
 

00:21:30.080 --> 00:21:31.909 align:start position:0%
and then came back to mechanical for a
phd<00:21:30.720><c> and</c><00:21:30.880><c> started</c><00:21:31.200><c> working</c>

00:21:31.909 --> 00:21:31.919 align:start position:0%
phd and started working
 

00:21:31.919 --> 00:21:35.750 align:start position:0%
phd and started working
in<00:21:33.039><c> the</c><00:21:33.120><c> same</c><00:21:33.600><c> team</c><00:21:34.559><c> same</c>

00:21:35.750 --> 00:21:35.760 align:start position:0%
in the same team same
 

00:21:35.760 --> 00:21:37.830 align:start position:0%
in the same team same
supervisor<00:21:36.320><c> professor</c><00:21:37.200><c> so</c><00:21:37.360><c> she</c><00:21:37.520><c> was</c><00:21:37.600><c> about</c><00:21:37.760><c> a</c>

00:21:37.830 --> 00:21:37.840 align:start position:0%
supervisor professor so she was about a
 

00:21:37.840 --> 00:21:39.270 align:start position:0%
supervisor professor so she was about a
year<00:21:38.000><c> behind</c><00:21:38.320><c> me</c>

00:21:39.270 --> 00:21:39.280 align:start position:0%
year behind me
 

00:21:39.280 --> 00:21:40.950 align:start position:0%
year behind me
but<00:21:39.440><c> there</c><00:21:39.600><c> are</c><00:21:39.760><c> a</c><00:21:39.840><c> number</c><00:21:40.000><c> of</c><00:21:40.159><c> other</c><00:21:40.400><c> students</c>

00:21:40.950 --> 00:21:40.960 align:start position:0%
but there are a number of other students
 

00:21:40.960 --> 00:21:43.110 align:start position:0%
but there are a number of other students
and<00:21:41.360><c> several</c><00:21:41.679><c> of</c><00:21:41.919><c> them</c><00:21:42.080><c> now</c>

00:21:43.110 --> 00:21:43.120 align:start position:0%
and several of them now
 

00:21:43.120 --> 00:21:47.750 align:start position:0%
and several of them now
are<00:21:43.679><c> in</c><00:21:44.159><c> the</c><00:21:44.240><c> work</c><00:21:44.720><c> work</c><00:21:44.960><c> with</c><00:21:45.120><c> me</c><00:21:45.919><c> at</c><00:21:46.159><c> nasa</c>

00:21:47.750 --> 00:21:47.760 align:start position:0%
are in the work work with me at nasa
 

00:21:47.760 --> 00:21:52.149 align:start position:0%
are in the work work with me at nasa
a<00:21:47.919><c> lot</c><00:21:48.080><c> of</c><00:21:48.240><c> them</c><00:21:48.400><c> went</c><00:21:48.799><c> into</c><00:21:50.480><c> academia</c>

00:21:52.149 --> 00:21:52.159 align:start position:0%
a lot of them went into academia
 

00:21:52.159 --> 00:21:54.390 align:start position:0%
a lot of them went into academia
and<00:21:52.320><c> manufacturing</c><00:21:53.600><c> we</c><00:21:53.760><c> were</c><00:21:53.840><c> pretty</c><00:21:54.080><c> heavy</c>

00:21:54.390 --> 00:21:54.400 align:start position:0%
and manufacturing we were pretty heavy
 

00:21:54.400 --> 00:21:56.149 align:start position:0%
and manufacturing we were pretty heavy
in<00:21:54.480><c> manufacturing</c><00:21:55.360><c> thinking</c><00:21:55.679><c> about</c>

00:21:56.149 --> 00:21:56.159 align:start position:0%
in manufacturing thinking about
 

00:21:56.159 --> 00:21:59.350 align:start position:0%
in manufacturing thinking about
robots<00:21:56.720><c> to</c><00:21:57.679><c> do</c><00:21:57.840><c> manufacturing</c>

00:21:59.350 --> 00:21:59.360 align:start position:0%
robots to do manufacturing
 

00:21:59.360 --> 00:22:02.470 align:start position:0%
robots to do manufacturing
some<00:21:59.600><c> very</c><00:21:59.760><c> high</c><00:22:00.000><c> tech</c><00:22:00.240><c> manufacturing</c><00:22:01.360><c> like</c>

00:22:02.470 --> 00:22:02.480 align:start position:0%
some very high tech manufacturing like
 

00:22:02.480 --> 00:22:06.149 align:start position:0%
some very high tech manufacturing like
semiconductor<00:22:03.200><c> manufacturing</c><00:22:04.880><c> and</c><00:22:05.440><c> a</c><00:22:05.919><c> little</c>

00:22:06.149 --> 00:22:06.159 align:start position:0%
semiconductor manufacturing and a little
 

00:22:06.159 --> 00:22:07.110 align:start position:0%
semiconductor manufacturing and a little
bit

00:22:07.110 --> 00:22:07.120 align:start position:0%
bit
 

00:22:07.120 --> 00:22:10.830 align:start position:0%
bit
some<00:22:07.280><c> of</c><00:22:07.360><c> the</c><00:22:07.520><c> folks</c><00:22:07.760><c> went</c><00:22:08.000><c> into</c><00:22:09.039><c> military</c>

00:22:10.830 --> 00:22:10.840 align:start position:0%
some of the folks went into military
 

00:22:10.840 --> 00:22:13.029 align:start position:0%
some of the folks went into military
robotics<00:22:11.919><c> and</c><00:22:12.080><c> what</c><00:22:12.320><c> kinds</c><00:22:12.559><c> of</c>

00:22:13.029 --> 00:22:13.039 align:start position:0%
robotics and what kinds of
 

00:22:13.039 --> 00:22:14.470 align:start position:0%
robotics and what kinds of
projects<00:22:13.440><c> were</c><00:22:13.600><c> they</c><00:22:13.760><c> generally</c><00:22:14.159><c> also</c>

00:22:14.470 --> 00:22:14.480 align:start position:0%
projects were they generally also
 

00:22:14.480 --> 00:22:17.350 align:start position:0%
projects were they generally also
working<00:22:14.880><c> on</c><00:22:16.000><c> so</c>

00:22:17.350 --> 00:22:17.360 align:start position:0%
working on so
 

00:22:17.360 --> 00:22:20.390 align:start position:0%
working on so
our<00:22:18.240><c> our</c><00:22:18.559><c> group's</c><00:22:19.039><c> thrust</c><00:22:19.520><c> was</c><00:22:19.760><c> manipulator</c>

00:22:20.390 --> 00:22:20.400 align:start position:0%
our our group's thrust was manipulator
 

00:22:20.400 --> 00:22:21.350 align:start position:0%
our our group's thrust was manipulator
design

00:22:21.350 --> 00:22:21.360 align:start position:0%
design
 

00:22:21.360 --> 00:22:23.510 align:start position:0%
design
manipulator<00:22:21.919><c> dynamics</c><00:22:22.799><c> and</c><00:22:22.960><c> manipulator</c>

00:22:23.510 --> 00:22:23.520 align:start position:0%
manipulator dynamics and manipulator
 

00:22:23.520 --> 00:22:24.870 align:start position:0%
manipulator dynamics and manipulator
control

00:22:24.870 --> 00:22:24.880 align:start position:0%
control
 

00:22:24.880 --> 00:22:27.990 align:start position:0%
control
we<00:22:26.159><c> had</c><00:22:26.320><c> basically</c><00:22:26.799><c> nothing</c><00:22:27.120><c> going</c><00:22:27.440><c> on</c><00:22:27.600><c> in</c>

00:22:27.990 --> 00:22:28.000 align:start position:0%
we had basically nothing going on in
 

00:22:28.000 --> 00:22:29.909 align:start position:0%
we had basically nothing going on in
mobile<00:22:28.240><c> robotics</c>

00:22:29.909 --> 00:22:29.919 align:start position:0%
mobile robotics
 

00:22:29.919 --> 00:22:31.830 align:start position:0%
mobile robotics
we<00:22:30.080><c> were</c><00:22:30.240><c> very</c><00:22:30.480><c> focused</c><00:22:30.880><c> on</c><00:22:30.960><c> manipulator</c>

00:22:31.830 --> 00:22:31.840 align:start position:0%
we were very focused on manipulator
 

00:22:31.840 --> 00:22:33.110 align:start position:0%
we were very focused on manipulator
manipulation

00:22:33.110 --> 00:22:33.120 align:start position:0%
manipulation
 

00:22:33.120 --> 00:22:37.350 align:start position:0%
manipulation
and<00:22:34.080><c> uh</c><00:22:34.480><c> secondary</c><00:22:35.039><c> thrust</c><00:22:35.520><c> and</c>

00:22:37.350 --> 00:22:37.360 align:start position:0%
and uh secondary thrust and
 

00:22:37.360 --> 00:22:39.190 align:start position:0%
and uh secondary thrust and
well<00:22:37.679><c> so</c><00:22:37.840><c> all</c><00:22:38.080><c> aspects</c><00:22:38.400><c> of</c><00:22:38.480><c> manipulation</c>

00:22:39.190 --> 00:22:39.200 align:start position:0%
well so all aspects of manipulation
 

00:22:39.200 --> 00:22:40.390 align:start position:0%
well so all aspects of manipulation
design<00:22:39.520><c> and</c><00:22:39.600><c> manipulators</c>

00:22:40.390 --> 00:22:40.400 align:start position:0%
design and manipulators
 

00:22:40.400 --> 00:22:43.830 align:start position:0%
design and manipulators
dynamics<00:22:41.039><c> control</c>

00:22:43.830 --> 00:22:43.840 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:22:43.840 --> 00:22:47.669 align:start position:0%
 
then<00:22:45.039><c> secondary</c><00:22:45.600><c> thrust</c><00:22:46.000><c> in</c><00:22:46.240><c> human</c><00:22:46.799><c> robot</c>

00:22:47.669 --> 00:22:47.679 align:start position:0%
then secondary thrust in human robot
 

00:22:47.679 --> 00:22:51.990 align:start position:0%
then secondary thrust in human robot
interaction<00:22:48.960><c> primarily</c><00:22:50.320><c> force</c><00:22:50.559><c> feedback</c>

00:22:51.990 --> 00:22:52.000 align:start position:0%
interaction primarily force feedback
 

00:22:52.000 --> 00:22:54.549 align:start position:0%
interaction primarily force feedback
joysticks<00:22:52.960><c> that</c><00:22:53.840><c> are</c><00:22:54.159><c> essentially</c>

00:22:54.549 --> 00:22:54.559 align:start position:0%
joysticks that are essentially
 

00:22:54.559 --> 00:22:56.549 align:start position:0%
joysticks that are essentially
manipulators<00:22:55.280><c> themselves</c><00:22:55.919><c> i</c><00:22:56.080><c> mean</c>

00:22:56.549 --> 00:22:56.559 align:start position:0%
manipulators themselves i mean
 

00:22:56.559 --> 00:22:58.470 align:start position:0%
manipulators themselves i mean
able<00:22:56.720><c> to</c><00:22:56.799><c> apply</c><00:22:57.120><c> forces</c><00:22:57.520><c> back</c><00:22:57.840><c> on</c><00:22:57.919><c> a</c><00:22:58.000><c> human's</c>

00:22:58.470 --> 00:22:58.480 align:start position:0%
able to apply forces back on a human's
 

00:22:58.480 --> 00:22:59.990 align:start position:0%
able to apply forces back on a human's
hand<00:22:58.720><c> or</c><00:22:58.880><c> arm</c>

00:22:59.990 --> 00:23:00.000 align:start position:0%
hand or arm
 

00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:01.350 align:start position:0%
hand or arm
so<00:23:00.240><c> we</c><00:23:00.320><c> built</c><00:23:00.559><c> a</c><00:23:00.640><c> lot</c><00:23:00.720><c> of</c><00:23:00.799><c> force</c><00:23:01.039><c> feedback</c>

00:23:01.350 --> 00:23:01.360 align:start position:0%
so we built a lot of force feedback
 

00:23:01.360 --> 00:23:02.950 align:start position:0%
so we built a lot of force feedback
joysticks<00:23:01.919><c> and</c><00:23:02.000><c> connected</c><00:23:02.400><c> them</c><00:23:02.559><c> to</c><00:23:02.720><c> force</c>

00:23:02.950 --> 00:23:02.960 align:start position:0%
joysticks and connected them to force
 

00:23:02.960 --> 00:23:03.750 align:start position:0%
joysticks and connected them to force
feedback

00:23:03.750 --> 00:23:03.760 align:start position:0%
feedback
 

00:23:03.760 --> 00:23:07.590 align:start position:0%
feedback
manipulators<00:23:04.559><c> and</c><00:23:04.720><c> built</c><00:23:05.520><c> force</c><00:23:05.760><c> reflecting</c>

00:23:07.590 --> 00:23:07.600 align:start position:0%
manipulators and built force reflecting
 

00:23:07.600 --> 00:23:10.630 align:start position:0%
manipulators and built force reflecting
systems

00:23:10.630 --> 00:23:10.640 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:23:10.640 --> 00:23:13.190 align:start position:0%
 
we<00:23:11.280><c> had</c><00:23:11.440><c> a</c><00:23:11.600><c> number</c><00:23:11.840><c> of</c><00:23:12.320><c> consortiums</c><00:23:12.960><c> where</c><00:23:13.120><c> we</c>

00:23:13.190 --> 00:23:13.200 align:start position:0%
we had a number of consortiums where we
 

00:23:13.200 --> 00:23:14.710 align:start position:0%
we had a number of consortiums where we
worked<00:23:13.360><c> with</c><00:23:13.520><c> other</c><00:23:13.760><c> universities</c><00:23:14.320><c> which</c><00:23:14.559><c> was</c>

00:23:14.710 --> 00:23:14.720 align:start position:0%
worked with other universities which was
 

00:23:14.720 --> 00:23:16.950 align:start position:0%
worked with other universities which was
a<00:23:14.799><c> great</c><00:23:15.039><c> experience</c>

00:23:16.950 --> 00:23:16.960 align:start position:0%
a great experience
 

00:23:16.960 --> 00:23:20.070 align:start position:0%
a great experience
university<00:23:17.520><c> of</c><00:23:17.760><c> florida</c><00:23:18.159><c> tennessee</c><00:23:19.679><c> and</c>

00:23:20.070 --> 00:23:20.080 align:start position:0%
university of florida tennessee and
 

00:23:20.080 --> 00:23:22.470 align:start position:0%
university of florida tennessee and
michigan<00:23:21.440><c> was</c><00:23:21.600><c> part</c><00:23:21.760><c> of</c><00:23:21.840><c> the</c><00:23:21.919><c> department</c><00:23:22.320><c> of</c>

00:23:22.470 --> 00:23:22.480 align:start position:0%
michigan was part of the department of
 

00:23:22.480 --> 00:23:24.549 align:start position:0%
michigan was part of the department of
energy<00:23:23.039><c> consortium</c>

00:23:24.549 --> 00:23:24.559 align:start position:0%
energy consortium
 

00:23:24.559 --> 00:23:26.549 align:start position:0%
energy consortium
and<00:23:24.640><c> then</c><00:23:25.200><c> a</c><00:23:25.360><c> little</c><00:23:25.520><c> bit</c><00:23:25.679><c> more</c><00:23:25.840><c> locally</c><00:23:26.400><c> we</c>

00:23:26.549 --> 00:23:26.559 align:start position:0%
and then a little bit more locally we
 

00:23:26.559 --> 00:23:28.390 align:start position:0%
and then a little bit more locally we
had<00:23:26.640><c> a</c><00:23:26.799><c> consortium</c>

00:23:28.390 --> 00:23:28.400 align:start position:0%
had a consortium
 

00:23:28.400 --> 00:23:30.710 align:start position:0%
had a consortium
with<00:23:28.799><c> nasa</c><00:23:29.600><c> and</c><00:23:29.760><c> i</c><00:23:29.840><c> volunteered</c><00:23:30.480><c> for</c><00:23:30.559><c> it</c>

00:23:30.710 --> 00:23:30.720 align:start position:0%
with nasa and i volunteered for it
 

00:23:30.720 --> 00:23:32.630 align:start position:0%
with nasa and i volunteered for it
because<00:23:30.880><c> i</c><00:23:30.960><c> wanted</c><00:23:31.200><c> to</c><00:23:31.280><c> go</c><00:23:31.360><c> work</c><00:23:31.600><c> at</c><00:23:31.760><c> nasa</c>

00:23:32.630 --> 00:23:32.640 align:start position:0%
because i wanted to go work at nasa
 

00:23:32.640 --> 00:23:35.110 align:start position:0%
because i wanted to go work at nasa
so<00:23:32.799><c> i</c><00:23:33.440><c> volunteered</c><00:23:33.919><c> for</c><00:23:34.080><c> this</c><00:23:34.320><c> project</c><00:23:34.799><c> that</c>

00:23:35.110 --> 00:23:35.120 align:start position:0%
so i volunteered for this project that
 

00:23:35.120 --> 00:23:35.990 align:start position:0%
so i volunteered for this project that
had<00:23:35.280><c> little</c><00:23:35.520><c> to</c><00:23:35.600><c> do</c><00:23:35.760><c> with</c>

00:23:35.990 --> 00:23:36.000 align:start position:0%
had little to do with
 

00:23:36.000 --> 00:23:39.750 align:start position:0%
had little to do with
my<00:23:37.120><c> thesis</c><00:23:37.679><c> but</c><00:23:38.159><c> i</c><00:23:38.480><c> just</c><00:23:38.640><c> wanted</c><00:23:38.960><c> to</c>

00:23:39.750 --> 00:23:39.760 align:start position:0%
my thesis but i just wanted to
 

00:23:39.760 --> 00:23:42.789 align:start position:0%
my thesis but i just wanted to
learn<00:23:40.000><c> about</c><00:23:40.240><c> nasa</c><00:23:41.520><c> and</c><00:23:42.240><c> there</c>

00:23:42.789 --> 00:23:42.799 align:start position:0%
learn about nasa and there
 

00:23:42.799 --> 00:23:46.230 align:start position:0%
learn about nasa and there
we<00:23:42.960><c> had</c><00:23:43.760><c> ut</c><00:23:44.080><c> austin</c><00:23:44.400><c> ut</c><00:23:44.720><c> arlington</c><00:23:45.440><c> texas</c><00:23:45.840><c> a</c><00:23:46.000><c> m</c>

00:23:46.230 --> 00:23:46.240 align:start position:0%
we had ut austin ut arlington texas a m
 

00:23:46.240 --> 00:23:47.510 align:start position:0%
we had ut austin ut arlington texas a m
and<00:23:46.400><c> rice</c>

00:23:47.510 --> 00:23:47.520 align:start position:0%
and rice
 

00:23:47.520 --> 00:23:50.470 align:start position:0%
and rice
and<00:23:47.760><c> we</c><00:23:47.919><c> were</c><00:23:48.559><c> operating</c><00:23:48.960><c> robots</c><00:23:49.360><c> across</c><00:23:50.320><c> the</c>

00:23:50.470 --> 00:23:50.480 align:start position:0%
and we were operating robots across the
 

00:23:50.480 --> 00:23:51.190 align:start position:0%
and we were operating robots across the
internet

00:23:51.190 --> 00:23:51.200 align:start position:0%
internet
 

00:23:51.200 --> 00:23:54.789 align:start position:0%
internet
back<00:23:51.440><c> before</c><00:23:51.760><c> that</c><00:23:52.000><c> was</c><00:23:52.159><c> cool</c><00:23:53.440><c> and</c>

00:23:54.789 --> 00:23:54.799 align:start position:0%
back before that was cool and
 

00:23:54.799 --> 00:23:57.750 align:start position:0%
back before that was cool and
semi-dangerous<00:23:56.400><c> so</c><00:23:56.799><c> we</c><00:23:56.960><c> were</c><00:23:57.120><c> learning</c><00:23:57.440><c> a</c><00:23:57.520><c> lot</c>

00:23:57.750 --> 00:23:57.760 align:start position:0%
semi-dangerous so we were learning a lot
 

00:23:57.760 --> 00:23:59.430 align:start position:0%
semi-dangerous so we were learning a lot
about

00:23:59.430 --> 00:23:59.440 align:start position:0%
about
 

00:23:59.440 --> 00:24:02.630 align:start position:0%
about
remote<00:23:59.840><c> displays</c><00:24:01.760><c> common</c><00:24:02.080><c> interfaces</c>

00:24:02.630 --> 00:24:02.640 align:start position:0%
remote displays common interfaces
 

00:24:02.640 --> 00:24:04.870 align:start position:0%
remote displays common interfaces
between<00:24:02.960><c> robots</c><00:24:03.440><c> we</c><00:24:03.600><c> built</c><00:24:03.840><c> one</c>

00:24:04.870 --> 00:24:04.880 align:start position:0%
between robots we built one
 

00:24:04.880 --> 00:24:07.669 align:start position:0%
between robots we built one
back<00:24:05.120><c> around</c><00:24:05.440><c> 89.90</c><00:24:06.640><c> so</c><00:24:06.880><c> the</c><00:24:06.960><c> robots</c><00:24:07.360><c> from</c><00:24:07.600><c> all</c>

00:24:07.669 --> 00:24:07.679 align:start position:0%
back around 89.90 so the robots from all
 

00:24:07.679 --> 00:24:09.510 align:start position:0%
back around 89.90 so the robots from all
the<00:24:07.840><c> different</c>

00:24:09.510 --> 00:24:09.520 align:start position:0%
the different
 

00:24:09.520 --> 00:24:12.549 align:start position:0%
the different
labs<00:24:10.400><c> could</c><00:24:11.200><c> take</c><00:24:11.440><c> the</c><00:24:11.520><c> same</c><00:24:11.760><c> commands</c>

00:24:12.549 --> 00:24:12.559 align:start position:0%
labs could take the same commands
 

00:24:12.559 --> 00:24:15.750 align:start position:0%
labs could take the same commands
and<00:24:12.880><c> could</c><00:24:13.039><c> display</c><00:24:13.520><c> some</c><00:24:13.679><c> more</c><00:24:13.919><c> data</c><00:24:14.880><c> despite</c>

00:24:15.750 --> 00:24:15.760 align:start position:0%
and could display some more data despite
 

00:24:15.760 --> 00:24:18.070 align:start position:0%
and could display some more data despite
totally<00:24:16.159><c> different</c><00:24:17.039><c> everything</c><00:24:17.600><c> about</c><00:24:17.919><c> that</c>

00:24:18.070 --> 00:24:18.080 align:start position:0%
totally different everything about that
 

00:24:18.080 --> 00:24:20.630 align:start position:0%
totally different everything about that
robot

00:24:20.630 --> 00:24:20.640 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:24:20.640 --> 00:24:23.269 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:24:21.039><c> that</c><00:24:21.279><c> still</c><00:24:21.679><c> persists</c><00:24:22.080><c> today</c><00:24:22.400><c> there</c><00:24:22.640><c> are</c>

00:24:23.269 --> 00:24:23.279 align:start position:0%
and that still persists today there are
 

00:24:23.279 --> 00:24:24.710 align:start position:0%
and that still persists today there are
just

00:24:24.710 --> 00:24:24.720 align:start position:0%
just
 

00:24:24.720 --> 00:24:26.549 align:start position:0%
just
standard<00:24:25.120><c> after</c><00:24:25.440><c> standard</c><00:24:25.840><c> after</c><00:24:26.080><c> standard</c>

00:24:26.549 --> 00:24:26.559 align:start position:0%
standard after standard after standard
 

00:24:26.559 --> 00:24:28.470 align:start position:0%
standard after standard after standard
right<00:24:26.880><c> for</c><00:24:27.520><c> robot</c>

00:24:28.470 --> 00:24:28.480 align:start position:0%
right for robot
 

00:24:28.480 --> 00:24:31.510 align:start position:0%
right for robot
developers<00:24:29.840><c> and</c>

00:24:31.510 --> 00:24:31.520 align:start position:0%
developers and
 

00:24:31.520 --> 00:24:33.110 align:start position:0%
developers and
many<00:24:31.760><c> people</c><00:24:32.000><c> would</c><00:24:32.159><c> think</c><00:24:32.320><c> i</c><00:24:32.480><c> was</c><00:24:32.559><c> a</c><00:24:32.640><c> newcomer</c>

00:24:33.110 --> 00:24:33.120 align:start position:0%
many people would think i was a newcomer
 

00:24:33.120 --> 00:24:36.149 align:start position:0%
many people would think i was a newcomer
coming<00:24:33.360><c> to</c><00:24:33.440><c> that</c><00:24:33.600><c> in</c><00:24:34.400><c> around</c><00:24:34.720><c> 1990</c>

00:24:36.149 --> 00:24:36.159 align:start position:0%
coming to that in around 1990
 

00:24:36.159 --> 00:24:39.430 align:start position:0%
coming to that in around 1990
but<00:24:36.400><c> it's</c><00:24:36.640><c> a</c><00:24:37.840><c> constant</c>

00:24:39.430 --> 00:24:39.440 align:start position:0%
but it's a constant
 

00:24:39.440 --> 00:24:43.350 align:start position:0%
but it's a constant
evolution<00:24:40.640><c> of</c><00:24:41.520><c> commonality</c>

00:24:43.350 --> 00:24:43.360 align:start position:0%
evolution of commonality
 

00:24:43.360 --> 00:24:46.630 align:start position:0%
evolution of commonality
and<00:24:44.960><c> we</c><00:24:45.279><c> we</c><00:24:45.600><c> made</c><00:24:45.760><c> our</c><00:24:45.919><c> own</c><00:24:46.080><c> attempts</c>

00:24:46.630 --> 00:24:46.640 align:start position:0%
and we we made our own attempts
 

00:24:46.640 --> 00:24:50.230 align:start position:0%
and we we made our own attempts
back<00:24:46.880><c> then</c><00:24:47.200><c> the</c><00:24:47.360><c> group</c><00:24:47.600><c> that</c><00:24:47.760><c> i</c><00:24:47.919><c> was</c><00:24:48.080><c> part</c><00:24:48.320><c> of</c>

00:24:50.230 --> 00:24:50.240 align:start position:0%
back then the group that i was part of
 

00:24:50.240 --> 00:24:52.070 align:start position:0%
back then the group that i was part of
and<00:24:50.559><c> i</c><00:24:50.640><c> got</c><00:24:50.880><c> to</c><00:24:50.960><c> operate</c><00:24:51.279><c> a</c><00:24:51.360><c> robot</c><00:24:51.679><c> that</c><00:24:51.840><c> was</c><00:24:52.000><c> at</c>

00:24:52.070 --> 00:24:52.080 align:start position:0%
and i got to operate a robot that was at
 

00:24:52.080 --> 00:24:54.070 align:start position:0%
and i got to operate a robot that was at
nasa<00:24:52.640><c> from</c><00:24:52.799><c> my</c><00:24:53.039><c> lab</c><00:24:53.360><c> in</c><00:24:53.440><c> austin</c>

00:24:54.070 --> 00:24:54.080 align:start position:0%
nasa from my lab in austin
 

00:24:54.080 --> 00:24:57.269 align:start position:0%
nasa from my lab in austin
and<00:24:54.240><c> that</c><00:24:54.400><c> was</c><00:24:54.640><c> fantastic</c><00:24:56.720><c> later</c>

00:24:57.269 --> 00:24:57.279 align:start position:0%
and that was fantastic later
 

00:24:57.279 --> 00:24:59.430 align:start position:0%
and that was fantastic later
aspects<00:24:57.679><c> of</c><00:24:57.760><c> my</c><00:24:57.919><c> career</c><00:24:58.960><c> what</c><00:24:59.120><c> kind</c><00:24:59.279><c> of</c>

00:24:59.430 --> 00:24:59.440 align:start position:0%
aspects of my career what kind of
 

00:24:59.440 --> 00:25:00.549 align:start position:0%
aspects of my career what kind of
profile<00:24:59.840><c> was</c><00:25:00.080><c> it</c>

00:25:00.549 --> 00:25:00.559 align:start position:0%
profile was it
 

00:25:00.559 --> 00:25:05.669 align:start position:0%
profile was it
it<00:25:00.720><c> was</c><00:25:01.120><c> a</c><00:25:02.400><c> robotics</c><00:25:02.960><c> research</c><00:25:03.440><c> 1607</c>

00:25:05.669 --> 00:25:05.679 align:start position:0%
it was a robotics research 1607
 

00:25:05.679 --> 00:25:09.029 align:start position:0%
it was a robotics research 1607
kb<00:25:06.080><c> 1607</c><00:25:07.200><c> it's</c><00:25:07.360><c> a</c><00:25:07.440><c> very</c><00:25:07.600><c> nice</c><00:25:07.840><c> manipulator</c><00:25:08.640><c> a</c><00:25:08.799><c> 7</c>

00:25:09.029 --> 00:25:09.039 align:start position:0%
kb 1607 it's a very nice manipulator a 7
 

00:25:09.039 --> 00:25:11.110 align:start position:0%
kb 1607 it's a very nice manipulator a 7
degree<00:25:09.360><c> freedom</c><00:25:09.679><c> arm</c>

00:25:11.110 --> 00:25:11.120 align:start position:0%
degree freedom arm
 

00:25:11.120 --> 00:25:13.669 align:start position:0%
degree freedom arm
way<00:25:11.279><c> ahead</c><00:25:11.520><c> of</c><00:25:11.600><c> its</c><00:25:11.840><c> time</c><00:25:13.200><c> built</c><00:25:13.360><c> by</c><00:25:13.520><c> the</c>

00:25:13.669 --> 00:25:13.679 align:start position:0%
way ahead of its time built by the
 

00:25:13.679 --> 00:25:16.710 align:start position:0%
way ahead of its time built by the
robotics<00:25:14.159><c> research</c><00:25:14.480><c> corporation</c>

00:25:16.710 --> 00:25:16.720 align:start position:0%
robotics research corporation
 

00:25:16.720 --> 00:25:20.630 align:start position:0%
robotics research corporation
keith<00:25:16.960><c> kowalski</c><00:25:19.440><c> did</c><00:25:19.600><c> a</c><00:25:19.760><c> great</c><00:25:19.919><c> job</c><00:25:20.159><c> designing</c>

00:25:20.630 --> 00:25:20.640 align:start position:0%
keith kowalski did a great job designing
 

00:25:20.640 --> 00:25:22.310 align:start position:0%
keith kowalski did a great job designing
that<00:25:20.880><c> manipulator</c>

00:25:22.310 --> 00:25:22.320 align:start position:0%
that manipulator
 

00:25:22.320 --> 00:25:25.909 align:start position:0%
that manipulator
and<00:25:22.559><c> we</c><00:25:22.720><c> operated</c><00:25:23.279><c> it</c><00:25:23.760><c> from</c><00:25:24.799><c> austin</c>

00:25:25.909 --> 00:25:25.919 align:start position:0%
and we operated it from austin
 

00:25:25.919 --> 00:25:27.430 align:start position:0%
and we operated it from austin
with<00:25:26.080><c> a</c><00:25:26.159><c> joystick</c><00:25:26.559><c> that</c><00:25:26.720><c> looked</c><00:25:26.960><c> nothing</c><00:25:27.200><c> like</c>

00:25:27.430 --> 00:25:27.440 align:start position:0%
with a joystick that looked nothing like
 

00:25:27.440 --> 00:25:30.789 align:start position:0%
with a joystick that looked nothing like
it<00:25:27.840><c> our</c><00:25:28.159><c> goal</c><00:25:28.320><c> was</c><00:25:28.480><c> to</c><00:25:28.720><c> be</c><00:25:28.880><c> able</c><00:25:29.039><c> to</c><00:25:29.120><c> build</c>

00:25:30.789 --> 00:25:30.799 align:start position:0%
it our goal was to be able to build
 

00:25:30.799 --> 00:25:33.590 align:start position:0%
it our goal was to be able to build
what<00:25:31.520><c> tester</c><00:25:31.840><c> called</c><00:25:32.159><c> universal</c><00:25:32.960><c> joysticks</c>

00:25:33.590 --> 00:25:33.600 align:start position:0%
what tester called universal joysticks
 

00:25:33.600 --> 00:25:35.510 align:start position:0%
what tester called universal joysticks
so<00:25:33.840><c> they</c><00:25:34.000><c> didn't</c><00:25:34.240><c> have</c><00:25:34.400><c> to</c><00:25:34.559><c> be</c><00:25:34.720><c> mapped</c>

00:25:35.510 --> 00:25:35.520 align:start position:0%
so they didn't have to be mapped
 

00:25:35.520 --> 00:25:37.269 align:start position:0%
so they didn't have to be mapped
to<00:25:35.679><c> look</c><00:25:35.919><c> just</c><00:25:36.159><c> like</c><00:25:36.400><c> the</c><00:25:36.640><c> machine</c><00:25:36.960><c> they</c><00:25:37.120><c> were</c>

00:25:37.269 --> 00:25:37.279 align:start position:0%
to look just like the machine they were
 

00:25:37.279 --> 00:25:38.549 align:start position:0%
to look just like the machine they were
controlling

00:25:38.549 --> 00:25:38.559 align:start position:0%
controlling
 

00:25:38.559 --> 00:25:40.710 align:start position:0%
controlling
they<00:25:38.720><c> could</c><00:25:38.880><c> be</c><00:25:39.200><c> designed</c><00:25:39.600><c> to</c><00:25:40.080><c> work</c><00:25:40.320><c> well</c><00:25:40.559><c> with</c>

00:25:40.710 --> 00:25:40.720 align:start position:0%
they could be designed to work well with
 

00:25:40.720 --> 00:25:41.669 align:start position:0%
they could be designed to work well with
you

00:25:41.669 --> 00:25:41.679 align:start position:0%
you
 

00:25:41.679 --> 00:25:44.789 align:start position:0%
you
rather<00:25:41.919><c> than</c><00:25:42.159><c> have</c><00:25:42.240><c> to</c><00:25:42.400><c> mimic</c><00:25:42.720><c> the</c><00:25:42.799><c> machine</c><00:25:44.640><c> so</c>

00:25:44.789 --> 00:25:44.799 align:start position:0%
rather than have to mimic the machine so
 

00:25:44.799 --> 00:25:46.950 align:start position:0%
rather than have to mimic the machine so
we<00:25:44.880><c> had</c><00:25:45.039><c> force</c><00:25:45.279><c> feedback</c><00:25:45.679><c> joysticks</c><00:25:46.320><c> that</c>

00:25:46.950 --> 00:25:46.960 align:start position:0%
we had force feedback joysticks that
 

00:25:46.960 --> 00:25:50.390 align:start position:0%
we had force feedback joysticks that
looked<00:25:47.200><c> very</c><00:25:47.440><c> different</c><00:25:47.840><c> than</c><00:25:49.120><c> the</c><00:25:49.919><c> robotics</c>

00:25:50.390 --> 00:25:50.400 align:start position:0%
looked very different than the robotics
 

00:25:50.400 --> 00:25:52.870 align:start position:0%
looked very different than the robotics
research<00:25:50.799><c> arm</c>

00:25:52.870 --> 00:25:52.880 align:start position:0%
research arm
 

00:25:52.880 --> 00:25:54.950 align:start position:0%
research arm
and<00:25:53.360><c> how</c><00:25:53.520><c> did</c><00:25:53.679><c> you</c><00:25:53.919><c> decide</c><00:25:54.240><c> you</c><00:25:54.400><c> wanted</c><00:25:54.640><c> to</c><00:25:54.799><c> go</c>

00:25:54.950 --> 00:25:54.960 align:start position:0%
and how did you decide you wanted to go
 

00:25:54.960 --> 00:25:56.230 align:start position:0%
and how did you decide you wanted to go
work<00:25:55.200><c> at</c><00:25:55.360><c> nasa</c>

00:25:56.230 --> 00:25:56.240 align:start position:0%
work at nasa
 

00:25:56.240 --> 00:25:58.390 align:start position:0%
work at nasa
even<00:25:56.559><c> during</c><00:25:57.039><c> grad</c><00:25:57.279><c> school</c><00:25:58.000><c> well</c><00:25:58.159><c> i</c><00:25:58.240><c> had</c>

00:25:58.390 --> 00:25:58.400 align:start position:0%
even during grad school well i had
 

00:25:58.400 --> 00:25:59.590 align:start position:0%
even during grad school well i had
already<00:25:58.640><c> decided</c><00:25:58.960><c> i</c><00:25:59.039><c> was</c><00:25:59.200><c> going</c><00:25:59.279><c> to</c><00:25:59.360><c> work</c><00:25:59.520><c> at</c>

00:25:59.590 --> 00:25:59.600 align:start position:0%
already decided i was going to work at
 

00:25:59.600 --> 00:26:00.390 align:start position:0%
already decided i was going to work at
nasa

00:26:00.390 --> 00:26:00.400 align:start position:0%
nasa
 

00:26:00.400 --> 00:26:03.750 align:start position:0%
nasa
um<00:26:01.440><c> so</c><00:26:02.480><c> i</c><00:26:02.559><c> was</c><00:26:02.799><c> in</c><00:26:02.880><c> houston</c><00:26:03.200><c> during</c><00:26:03.440><c> the</c><00:26:03.520><c> moon</c>

00:26:03.750 --> 00:26:03.760 align:start position:0%
um so i was in houston during the moon
 

00:26:03.760 --> 00:26:04.310 align:start position:0%
um so i was in houston during the moon
shot

00:26:04.310 --> 00:26:04.320 align:start position:0%
shot
 

00:26:04.320 --> 00:26:07.510 align:start position:0%
shot
and<00:26:04.559><c> i</c><00:26:04.720><c> decided</c><00:26:06.240><c> summer</c><00:26:06.559><c> 69</c><00:26:07.120><c> i</c><00:26:07.200><c> was</c><00:26:07.360><c> going</c><00:26:07.440><c> to</c>

00:26:07.510 --> 00:26:07.520 align:start position:0%
and i decided summer 69 i was going to
 

00:26:07.520 --> 00:26:08.950 align:start position:0%
and i decided summer 69 i was going to
go<00:26:07.600><c> to</c><00:26:07.679><c> work</c><00:26:07.919><c> at</c><00:26:08.000><c> nasa</c>

00:26:08.950 --> 00:26:08.960 align:start position:0%
go to work at nasa
 

00:26:08.960 --> 00:26:13.830 align:start position:0%
go to work at nasa
so<00:26:09.120><c> there</c><00:26:09.200><c> was</c><00:26:09.440><c> no</c><00:26:10.559><c> no</c><00:26:10.799><c> fuzz</c><00:26:11.039><c> on</c><00:26:11.200><c> that</c><00:26:11.840><c> um</c>

00:26:13.830 --> 00:26:13.840 align:start position:0%
so there was no no fuzz on that um
 

00:26:13.840 --> 00:26:15.430 align:start position:0%
so there was no no fuzz on that um
and<00:26:14.400><c> you</c><00:26:14.480><c> know</c><00:26:14.559><c> there</c><00:26:14.720><c> were</c><00:26:14.960><c> a</c><00:26:15.039><c> few</c><00:26:15.200><c> speed</c>

00:26:15.430 --> 00:26:15.440 align:start position:0%
and you know there were a few speed
 

00:26:15.440 --> 00:26:17.350 align:start position:0%
and you know there were a few speed
bumps<00:26:16.000><c> along</c><00:26:16.320><c> the</c><00:26:16.400><c> way</c>

00:26:17.350 --> 00:26:17.360 align:start position:0%
bumps along the way
 

00:26:17.360 --> 00:26:19.110 align:start position:0%
bumps along the way
uh<00:26:17.679><c> after</c><00:26:18.000><c> i</c><00:26:18.080><c> made</c><00:26:18.240><c> that</c><00:26:18.400><c> decision</c><00:26:18.799><c> i</c><00:26:18.880><c> then</c>

00:26:19.110 --> 00:26:19.120 align:start position:0%
uh after i made that decision i then
 

00:26:19.120 --> 00:26:20.950 align:start position:0%
uh after i made that decision i then
entered<00:26:19.360><c> kindergarten</c><00:26:20.240><c> and</c><00:26:20.400><c> discovered</c><00:26:20.880><c> i</c>

00:26:20.950 --> 00:26:20.960 align:start position:0%
entered kindergarten and discovered i
 

00:26:20.960 --> 00:26:24.470 align:start position:0%
entered kindergarten and discovered i
had<00:26:21.120><c> a</c><00:26:21.200><c> bunch</c><00:26:21.360><c> of</c><00:26:21.520><c> education</c><00:26:22.159><c> i</c><00:26:22.840><c> had</c><00:26:23.919><c> work</c><00:26:24.240><c> on</c>

00:26:24.470 --> 00:26:24.480 align:start position:0%
had a bunch of education i had work on
 

00:26:24.480 --> 00:26:27.110 align:start position:0%
had a bunch of education i had work on
before<00:26:24.799><c> i</c><00:26:24.880><c> could</c><00:26:25.039><c> get</c><00:26:25.200><c> working</c><00:26:25.520><c> now</c><00:26:25.679><c> so</c><00:26:26.080><c> so</c><00:26:26.960><c> it</c>

00:26:27.110 --> 00:26:27.120 align:start position:0%
before i could get working now so so it
 

00:26:27.120 --> 00:26:28.710 align:start position:0%
before i could get working now so so it
was<00:26:27.360><c> kind</c><00:26:27.440><c> of</c><00:26:27.520><c> a</c><00:26:27.600><c> harsh</c><00:26:27.840><c> reality</c><00:26:28.400><c> a</c>

00:26:28.710 --> 00:26:28.720 align:start position:0%
was kind of a harsh reality a
 

00:26:28.720 --> 00:26:31.669 align:start position:0%
was kind of a harsh reality a
five-year-old<00:26:29.679><c> but</c><00:26:30.080><c> um</c><00:26:30.640><c> yeah</c><00:26:31.039><c> assume</c><00:26:31.440><c> i</c><00:26:31.520><c> could</c>

00:26:31.669 --> 00:26:31.679 align:start position:0%
five-year-old but um yeah assume i could
 

00:26:31.679 --> 00:26:33.430 align:start position:0%
five-year-old but um yeah assume i could
go<00:26:31.840><c> work</c><00:26:32.080><c> the</c><00:26:32.159><c> right</c><00:26:32.400><c> way</c><00:26:32.720><c> but</c>

00:26:33.430 --> 00:26:33.440 align:start position:0%
go work the right way but
 

00:26:33.440 --> 00:26:35.350 align:start position:0%
go work the right way but
apparently<00:26:33.840><c> they</c><00:26:34.000><c> like</c><00:26:34.240><c> you</c><00:26:34.320><c> to</c><00:26:34.480><c> get</c><00:26:35.200><c> an</c>

00:26:35.350 --> 00:26:35.360 align:start position:0%
apparently they like you to get an
 

00:26:35.360 --> 00:26:37.269 align:start position:0%
apparently they like you to get an
education<00:26:35.919><c> first</c>

00:26:37.269 --> 00:26:37.279 align:start position:0%
education first
 

00:26:37.279 --> 00:26:39.990 align:start position:0%
education first
so<00:26:37.520><c> uh</c><00:26:38.000><c> but</c><00:26:38.159><c> yeah</c><00:26:38.559><c> i've</c><00:26:39.360><c> wanted</c><00:26:39.600><c> to</c><00:26:39.679><c> work</c><00:26:39.919><c> at</c>

00:26:39.990 --> 00:26:40.000 align:start position:0%
so uh but yeah i've wanted to work at
 

00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:43.510 align:start position:0%
so uh but yeah i've wanted to work at
nasa<00:26:40.320><c> for</c><00:26:40.400><c> a</c><00:26:40.480><c> while</c>

00:26:43.510 --> 00:26:43.520 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:26:43.520 --> 00:26:45.909 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:26:43.760><c> so</c><00:26:43.919><c> what</c><00:26:44.080><c> was</c><00:26:44.320><c> it</c><00:26:44.720><c> like</c><00:26:44.960><c> when</c><00:26:45.120><c> your</c><00:26:45.520><c> dream</c>

00:26:45.909 --> 00:26:45.919 align:start position:0%
and so what was it like when your dream
 

00:26:45.919 --> 00:26:46.630 align:start position:0%
and so what was it like when your dream
came<00:26:46.240><c> true</c>

00:26:46.630 --> 00:26:46.640 align:start position:0%
came true
 

00:26:46.640 --> 00:26:49.669 align:start position:0%
came true
or<00:26:46.880><c> how</c><00:26:47.039><c> did</c><00:26:47.200><c> you</c><00:26:47.520><c> study</c><00:26:48.000><c> you</c><00:26:48.240><c> started</c><00:26:49.440><c> every</c>

00:26:49.669 --> 00:26:49.679 align:start position:0%
or how did you study you started every
 

00:26:49.679 --> 00:26:49.990 align:start position:0%
or how did you study you started every
day

00:26:49.990 --> 00:26:50.000 align:start position:0%
day
 

00:26:50.000 --> 00:26:51.990 align:start position:0%
day
i<00:26:50.480><c> really</c><00:26:50.720><c> liked</c><00:26:50.960><c> working</c><00:26:51.200><c> at</c><00:26:51.360><c> nasa</c><00:26:51.760><c> it's</c><00:26:51.840><c> a</c>

00:26:51.990 --> 00:26:52.000 align:start position:0%
i really liked working at nasa it's a
 

00:26:52.000 --> 00:26:53.830 align:start position:0%
i really liked working at nasa it's a
fantastic<00:26:52.720><c> place</c>

00:26:53.830 --> 00:26:53.840 align:start position:0%
fantastic place
 

00:26:53.840 --> 00:26:55.269 align:start position:0%
fantastic place
i<00:26:53.919><c> think</c><00:26:54.159><c> the</c><00:26:54.320><c> ultimate</c><00:26:54.640><c> place</c><00:26:54.960><c> to</c><00:26:55.039><c> be</c><00:26:55.200><c> an</c>

00:26:55.269 --> 00:26:55.279 align:start position:0%
i think the ultimate place to be an
 

00:26:55.279 --> 00:26:57.669 align:start position:0%
i think the ultimate place to be an
engineer<00:26:56.320><c> the</c><00:26:56.799><c> the</c><00:26:56.960><c> challenges</c><00:26:57.440><c> that</c><00:26:57.520><c> we're</c>

00:26:57.669 --> 00:26:57.679 align:start position:0%
engineer the the challenges that we're
 

00:26:57.679 --> 00:27:00.710 align:start position:0%
engineer the the challenges that we're
given<00:26:58.080><c> are</c><00:26:58.320><c> literally</c><00:26:58.799><c> out</c><00:26:58.880><c> of</c><00:26:59.039><c> this</c><00:26:59.200><c> world</c>

00:27:00.710 --> 00:27:00.720 align:start position:0%
given are literally out of this world
 

00:27:00.720 --> 00:27:03.669 align:start position:0%
given are literally out of this world
there<00:27:00.960><c> is</c><00:27:01.120><c> no</c><00:27:01.360><c> preconceived</c><00:27:02.080><c> notion</c><00:27:03.120><c> that</c>

00:27:03.669 --> 00:27:03.679 align:start position:0%
there is no preconceived notion that
 

00:27:03.679 --> 00:27:04.549 align:start position:0%
there is no preconceived notion that
we've<00:27:03.919><c> always</c>

00:27:04.549 --> 00:27:04.559 align:start position:0%
we've always
 

00:27:04.559 --> 00:27:05.990 align:start position:0%
we've always
we've<00:27:04.799><c> done</c><00:27:04.960><c> it</c><00:27:05.120><c> this</c><00:27:05.279><c> way</c><00:27:05.440><c> we'll</c><00:27:05.679><c> always</c><00:27:05.919><c> do</c>

00:27:05.990 --> 00:27:06.000 align:start position:0%
we've done it this way we'll always do
 

00:27:06.000 --> 00:27:08.549 align:start position:0%
we've done it this way we'll always do
it<00:27:06.159><c> that</c><00:27:06.320><c> way</c><00:27:07.200><c> the</c><00:27:07.520><c> presumption</c><00:27:08.159><c> is</c>

00:27:08.549 --> 00:27:08.559 align:start position:0%
it that way the presumption is
 

00:27:08.559 --> 00:27:10.149 align:start position:0%
it that way the presumption is
that<00:27:08.799><c> the</c><00:27:08.960><c> only</c><00:27:09.120><c> way</c><00:27:09.279><c> we</c><00:27:09.440><c> could</c><00:27:09.600><c> ever</c><00:27:09.760><c> do</c><00:27:09.919><c> it</c><00:27:10.000><c> is</c>

00:27:10.149 --> 00:27:10.159 align:start position:0%
that the only way we could ever do it is
 

00:27:10.159 --> 00:27:11.990 align:start position:0%
that the only way we could ever do it is
if<00:27:10.240><c> we</c><00:27:10.400><c> come</c><00:27:10.480><c> up</c><00:27:10.640><c> with</c><00:27:10.720><c> a</c><00:27:10.799><c> new</c><00:27:10.960><c> way</c><00:27:11.120><c> to</c><00:27:11.200><c> do</c><00:27:11.360><c> it</c>

00:27:11.990 --> 00:27:12.000 align:start position:0%
if we come up with a new way to do it
 

00:27:12.000 --> 00:27:13.830 align:start position:0%
if we come up with a new way to do it
because<00:27:12.240><c> it's</c><00:27:12.320><c> such</c><00:27:12.559><c> a</c><00:27:12.640><c> new</c><00:27:12.880><c> problem</c><00:27:13.679><c> and</c>

00:27:13.830 --> 00:27:13.840 align:start position:0%
because it's such a new problem and
 

00:27:13.840 --> 00:27:15.350 align:start position:0%
because it's such a new problem and
there's<00:27:14.000><c> something</c><00:27:14.320><c> about</c><00:27:14.559><c> nasa</c>

00:27:15.350 --> 00:27:15.360 align:start position:0%
there's something about nasa
 

00:27:15.360 --> 00:27:18.630 align:start position:0%
there's something about nasa
being<00:27:15.919><c> kind</c><00:27:16.080><c> of</c><00:27:17.120><c> um</c>

00:27:18.630 --> 00:27:18.640 align:start position:0%
being kind of um
 

00:27:18.640 --> 00:27:19.669 align:start position:0%
being kind of um
you<00:27:18.799><c> know</c><00:27:18.880><c> for</c><00:27:18.960><c> the</c><00:27:19.039><c> betterment</c><00:27:19.440><c> of</c><00:27:19.600><c> all</c>

00:27:19.669 --> 00:27:19.679 align:start position:0%
you know for the betterment of all
 

00:27:19.679 --> 00:27:22.389 align:start position:0%
you know for the betterment of all
mankind<00:27:21.279><c> if</c><00:27:21.440><c> you</c>

00:27:22.389 --> 00:27:22.399 align:start position:0%
mankind if you
 

00:27:22.399 --> 00:27:26.149 align:start position:0%
mankind if you
take<00:27:22.640><c> a</c><00:27:22.720><c> lot</c><00:27:22.880><c> of</c><00:27:23.039><c> our</c><00:27:23.520><c> our</c><00:27:23.679><c> us</c><00:27:24.799><c> agency's</c>

00:27:26.149 --> 00:27:26.159 align:start position:0%
take a lot of our our us agency's
 

00:27:26.159 --> 00:27:28.950 align:start position:0%
take a lot of our our us agency's
acronyms<00:27:27.039><c> and</c><00:27:27.120><c> you</c><00:27:27.279><c> bounce</c><00:27:27.600><c> those</c><00:27:28.399><c> alphabet</c>

00:27:28.950 --> 00:27:28.960 align:start position:0%
acronyms and you bounce those alphabet
 

00:27:28.960 --> 00:27:29.510 align:start position:0%
acronyms and you bounce those alphabet
suit

00:27:29.510 --> 00:27:29.520 align:start position:0%
suit
 

00:27:29.520 --> 00:27:32.870 align:start position:0%
suit
acronyms<00:27:30.080><c> off</c><00:27:30.320><c> of</c><00:27:31.520><c> people</c><00:27:31.840><c> in</c><00:27:32.320><c> various</c><00:27:32.640><c> parts</c>

00:27:32.870 --> 00:27:32.880 align:start position:0%
acronyms off of people in various parts
 

00:27:32.880 --> 00:27:33.990 align:start position:0%
acronyms off of people in various parts
of<00:27:32.960><c> the</c><00:27:33.039><c> world</c><00:27:33.279><c> they</c><00:27:33.440><c> won't</c><00:27:33.600><c> react</c>

00:27:33.990 --> 00:27:34.000 align:start position:0%
of the world they won't react
 

00:27:34.000 --> 00:27:36.470 align:start position:0%
of the world they won't react
very<00:27:34.240><c> positively</c><00:27:35.679><c> you</c><00:27:35.760><c> know</c><00:27:35.919><c> our</c><00:27:36.080><c> various</c>

00:27:36.470 --> 00:27:36.480 align:start position:0%
very positively you know our various
 

00:27:36.480 --> 00:27:38.149 align:start position:0%
very positively you know our various
agencies<00:27:37.039><c> that</c><00:27:37.120><c> we</c><00:27:37.279><c> have</c>

00:27:38.149 --> 00:27:38.159 align:start position:0%
agencies that we have
 

00:27:38.159 --> 00:27:39.830 align:start position:0%
agencies that we have
and<00:27:38.320><c> you</c><00:27:38.480><c> know</c><00:27:38.559><c> that's</c><00:27:38.960><c> not</c><00:27:39.200><c> good</c><00:27:39.360><c> or</c><00:27:39.520><c> bad</c><00:27:39.760><c> it's</c>

00:27:39.830 --> 00:27:39.840 align:start position:0%
and you know that's not good or bad it's
 

00:27:39.840 --> 00:27:43.590 align:start position:0%
and you know that's not good or bad it's
just<00:27:40.080><c> the</c><00:27:40.240><c> truth</c><00:27:41.120><c> and</c>

00:27:43.590 --> 00:27:43.600 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:27:43.600 --> 00:27:46.470 align:start position:0%
 
yet<00:27:43.840><c> if</c><00:27:44.000><c> you</c><00:27:44.159><c> ask</c><00:27:44.480><c> anybody</c><00:27:45.120><c> around</c><00:27:45.440><c> the</c><00:27:45.520><c> world</c>

00:27:46.470 --> 00:27:46.480 align:start position:0%
yet if you ask anybody around the world
 

00:27:46.480 --> 00:27:48.870 align:start position:0%
yet if you ask anybody around the world
what's<00:27:46.640><c> your</c><00:27:46.960><c> perception</c><00:27:47.520><c> of</c><00:27:47.840><c> nasa</c>

00:27:48.870 --> 00:27:48.880 align:start position:0%
what's your perception of nasa
 

00:27:48.880 --> 00:27:51.190 align:start position:0%
what's your perception of nasa
it's<00:27:49.120><c> a</c><00:27:49.200><c> very</c><00:27:49.440><c> positive</c><00:27:49.919><c> one</c><00:27:50.240><c> and</c><00:27:50.399><c> you</c><00:27:50.480><c> can't</c>

00:27:51.190 --> 00:27:51.200 align:start position:0%
it's a very positive one and you can't
 

00:27:51.200 --> 00:27:52.870 align:start position:0%
it's a very positive one and you can't
fault<00:27:51.440><c> now</c><00:27:51.679><c> since</c>

00:27:52.870 --> 00:27:52.880 align:start position:0%
fault now since
 

00:27:52.880 --> 00:27:56.549 align:start position:0%
fault now since
it's<00:27:53.039><c> doing</c><00:27:53.760><c> work</c><00:27:54.080><c> for</c><00:27:55.360><c> all</c><00:27:55.520><c> of</c><00:27:55.679><c> mankind</c>

00:27:56.549 --> 00:27:56.559 align:start position:0%
it's doing work for all of mankind
 

00:27:56.559 --> 00:27:59.909 align:start position:0%
it's doing work for all of mankind
and<00:27:59.120><c> when</c>

00:27:59.909 --> 00:27:59.919 align:start position:0%
and when
 

00:27:59.919 --> 00:28:03.190 align:start position:0%
and when
we<00:28:01.279><c> go</c><00:28:01.520><c> into</c><00:28:01.679><c> space</c><00:28:02.080><c> we</c><00:28:02.240><c> always</c><00:28:02.640><c> do</c><00:28:02.799><c> it</c>

00:28:03.190 --> 00:28:03.200 align:start position:0%
we go into space we always do it
 

00:28:03.200 --> 00:28:06.070 align:start position:0%
we go into space we always do it
with<00:28:03.440><c> other</c><00:28:03.679><c> countries</c><00:28:04.960><c> and</c><00:28:05.279><c> it's</c><00:28:05.520><c> a</c><00:28:05.919><c> very</c>

00:28:06.070 --> 00:28:06.080 align:start position:0%
with other countries and it's a very
 

00:28:06.080 --> 00:28:07.190 align:start position:0%
with other countries and it's a very
international

00:28:07.190 --> 00:28:07.200 align:start position:0%
international
 

00:28:07.200 --> 00:28:10.630 align:start position:0%
international
kind<00:28:07.360><c> of</c><00:28:07.520><c> endeavor</c><00:28:08.720><c> so</c><00:28:09.679><c> it's</c><00:28:09.840><c> a</c><00:28:09.919><c> great</c><00:28:10.080><c> feeling</c>

00:28:10.630 --> 00:28:10.640 align:start position:0%
kind of endeavor so it's a great feeling
 

00:28:10.640 --> 00:28:13.269 align:start position:0%
kind of endeavor so it's a great feeling
to<00:28:10.799><c> be</c><00:28:10.880><c> a</c><00:28:10.960><c> part</c><00:28:11.200><c> of</c><00:28:11.279><c> that</c><00:28:11.679><c> it's</c><00:28:11.840><c> very</c><00:28:13.120><c> it's</c>

00:28:13.269 --> 00:28:13.279 align:start position:0%
to be a part of that it's very it's
 

00:28:13.279 --> 00:28:14.950 align:start position:0%
to be a part of that it's very it's
humbling<00:28:13.679><c> to</c><00:28:13.760><c> get</c><00:28:13.919><c> to</c><00:28:14.000><c> be</c><00:28:14.159><c> a</c><00:28:14.240><c> part</c><00:28:14.399><c> of</c><00:28:14.480><c> that</c>

00:28:14.950 --> 00:28:14.960 align:start position:0%
humbling to get to be a part of that
 

00:28:14.960 --> 00:28:18.070 align:start position:0%
humbling to get to be a part of that
story<00:28:16.000><c> and</c><00:28:16.320><c> every</c><00:28:16.640><c> generation</c><00:28:17.120><c> in</c><00:28:17.200><c> nasa</c>

00:28:18.070 --> 00:28:18.080 align:start position:0%
story and every generation in nasa
 

00:28:18.080 --> 00:28:21.269 align:start position:0%
story and every generation in nasa
gets<00:28:18.240><c> started</c><00:28:18.559><c> a</c><00:28:18.640><c> new</c><00:28:18.799><c> chapter</c><00:28:19.679><c> and</c><00:28:20.559><c> we're</c>

00:28:21.269 --> 00:28:21.279 align:start position:0%
gets started a new chapter and we're
 

00:28:21.279 --> 00:28:23.350 align:start position:0%
gets started a new chapter and we're
entering<00:28:21.600><c> some</c><00:28:22.000><c> some</c><00:28:22.240><c> interesting</c><00:28:22.720><c> new</c><00:28:22.880><c> times</c>

00:28:23.350 --> 00:28:23.360 align:start position:0%
entering some some interesting new times
 

00:28:23.360 --> 00:28:24.710 align:start position:0%
entering some some interesting new times
at<00:28:23.520><c> nasa</c><00:28:24.000><c> and</c>

00:28:24.710 --> 00:28:24.720 align:start position:0%
at nasa and
 

00:28:24.720 --> 00:28:27.430 align:start position:0%
at nasa and
hoping<00:28:25.120><c> that</c><00:28:25.279><c> our</c><00:28:25.520><c> robotics</c><00:28:26.799><c> engineers</c><00:28:27.360><c> are</c>

00:28:27.430 --> 00:28:27.440 align:start position:0%
hoping that our robotics engineers are
 

00:28:27.440 --> 00:28:28.230 align:start position:0%
hoping that our robotics engineers are
going<00:28:27.600><c> to</c><00:28:27.679><c> be</c>

00:28:28.230 --> 00:28:28.240 align:start position:0%
going to be
 

00:28:28.240 --> 00:28:31.750 align:start position:0%
going to be
once<00:28:28.480><c> writing</c><00:28:28.799><c> those</c><00:28:29.039><c> chapters</c><00:28:31.200><c> and</c><00:28:31.360><c> so</c><00:28:31.600><c> what</c>

00:28:31.750 --> 00:28:31.760 align:start position:0%
once writing those chapters and so what
 

00:28:31.760 --> 00:28:32.310 align:start position:0%
once writing those chapters and so what
were<00:28:32.000><c> some</c>

00:28:32.310 --> 00:28:32.320 align:start position:0%
were some
 

00:28:32.320 --> 00:28:33.669 align:start position:0%
were some
what<00:28:32.480><c> was</c><00:28:32.640><c> the</c><00:28:32.960><c> first</c><00:28:33.200><c> thing</c><00:28:33.360><c> that</c><00:28:33.520><c> you</c>

00:28:33.669 --> 00:28:33.679 align:start position:0%
what was the first thing that you
 

00:28:33.679 --> 00:28:35.750 align:start position:0%
what was the first thing that you
started<00:28:33.919><c> working</c><00:28:34.240><c> on</c><00:28:34.399><c> when</c><00:28:34.559><c> you</c><00:28:34.640><c> got</c><00:28:34.880><c> to</c><00:28:35.039><c> nasa</c>

00:28:35.750 --> 00:28:35.760 align:start position:0%
started working on when you got to nasa
 

00:28:35.760 --> 00:28:38.789 align:start position:0%
started working on when you got to nasa
and<00:28:36.799><c> what</c><00:28:37.120><c> group</c><00:28:37.360><c> were</c><00:28:37.520><c> you</c><00:28:37.679><c> with</c><00:28:38.240><c> so</c><00:28:38.480><c> i</c><00:28:38.640><c> went</c>

00:28:38.789 --> 00:28:38.799 align:start position:0%
and what group were you with so i went
 

00:28:38.799 --> 00:28:39.430 align:start position:0%
and what group were you with so i went
to<00:28:38.880><c> work</c>

00:28:39.430 --> 00:28:39.440 align:start position:0%
to work
 

00:28:39.440 --> 00:28:42.870 align:start position:0%
to work
for<00:28:40.880><c> a</c><00:28:41.600><c> a</c><00:28:42.000><c> division</c>

00:28:42.870 --> 00:28:42.880 align:start position:0%
for a a division
 

00:28:42.880 --> 00:28:45.830 align:start position:0%
for a a division
at<00:28:43.200><c> the</c><00:28:43.360><c> johnson</c><00:28:43.679><c> space</c><00:28:44.080><c> center</c><00:28:45.279><c> that</c><00:28:45.520><c> i</c><00:28:45.600><c> now</c>

00:28:45.830 --> 00:28:45.840 align:start position:0%
at the johnson space center that i now
 

00:28:45.840 --> 00:28:46.789 align:start position:0%
at the johnson space center that i now
lead

00:28:46.789 --> 00:28:46.799 align:start position:0%
lead
 

00:28:46.799 --> 00:28:50.310 align:start position:0%
lead
and<00:28:47.440><c> that</c><00:28:47.760><c> division</c><00:28:48.960><c> had</c><00:28:49.760><c> a</c><00:28:49.919><c> number</c><00:28:50.159><c> of</c>

00:28:50.310 --> 00:28:50.320 align:start position:0%
and that division had a number of
 

00:28:50.320 --> 00:28:51.990 align:start position:0%
and that division had a number of
branches<00:28:50.799><c> in</c><00:28:50.960><c> it</c>

00:28:51.990 --> 00:28:52.000 align:start position:0%
branches in it
 

00:28:52.000 --> 00:28:53.750 align:start position:0%
branches in it
i<00:28:52.080><c> went</c><00:28:52.240><c> to</c><00:28:52.320><c> work</c><00:28:52.559><c> for</c><00:28:52.720><c> the</c><00:28:52.880><c> technology</c><00:28:53.440><c> branch</c>

00:28:53.750 --> 00:28:53.760 align:start position:0%
i went to work for the technology branch
 

00:28:53.760 --> 00:28:55.190 align:start position:0%
i went to work for the technology branch
which<00:28:54.000><c> was</c><00:28:54.159><c> the</c><00:28:54.240><c> branch</c><00:28:54.559><c> was</c><00:28:54.720><c> kind</c><00:28:54.880><c> of</c><00:28:54.960><c> looking</c>

00:28:55.190 --> 00:28:55.200 align:start position:0%
which was the branch was kind of looking
 

00:28:55.200 --> 00:28:56.310 align:start position:0%
which was the branch was kind of looking
at<00:28:55.360><c> the</c><00:28:55.520><c> far</c><00:28:55.760><c> out</c>

00:28:56.310 --> 00:28:56.320 align:start position:0%
at the far out
 

00:28:56.320 --> 00:28:59.510 align:start position:0%
at the far out
future<00:28:57.520><c> stuff</c><00:28:58.960><c> and</c>

00:28:59.510 --> 00:28:59.520 align:start position:0%
future stuff and
 

00:28:59.520 --> 00:29:01.110 align:start position:0%
future stuff and
there<00:28:59.679><c> was</c><00:28:59.840><c> a</c><00:29:00.159><c> gentleman</c><00:29:00.559><c> named</c><00:29:00.720><c> charlie</c>

00:29:01.110 --> 00:29:01.120 align:start position:0%
there was a gentleman named charlie
 

00:29:01.120 --> 00:29:03.909 align:start position:0%
there was a gentleman named charlie
price<00:29:01.440><c> that</c><00:29:01.520><c> i</c><00:29:01.600><c> worked</c><00:29:01.840><c> for</c>

00:29:03.909 --> 00:29:03.919 align:start position:0%
price that i worked for
 

00:29:03.919 --> 00:29:06.230 align:start position:0%
price that i worked for
yeah<00:29:04.159><c> i</c><00:29:04.880><c> can't</c><00:29:05.120><c> say</c><00:29:05.279><c> enough</c><00:29:05.520><c> about</c><00:29:05.760><c> charles</c><00:29:06.080><c> he</c>

00:29:06.230 --> 00:29:06.240 align:start position:0%
yeah i can't say enough about charles he
 

00:29:06.240 --> 00:29:08.389 align:start position:0%
yeah i can't say enough about charles he
was<00:29:06.399><c> very</c><00:29:06.640><c> forward</c><00:29:07.039><c> thinking</c>

00:29:08.389 --> 00:29:08.399 align:start position:0%
was very forward thinking
 

00:29:08.399 --> 00:29:12.789 align:start position:0%
was very forward thinking
always<00:29:08.799><c> had</c><00:29:10.640><c> a</c><00:29:10.799><c> gaze</c><00:29:11.200><c> that</c><00:29:11.360><c> was</c><00:29:11.600><c> downrange</c>

00:29:12.789 --> 00:29:12.799 align:start position:0%
always had a gaze that was downrange
 

00:29:12.799 --> 00:29:17.590 align:start position:0%
always had a gaze that was downrange
i<00:29:12.880><c> always</c><00:29:14.159><c> was</c><00:29:14.320><c> thinking</c><00:29:14.640><c> ahead</c><00:29:15.440><c> and</c>

00:29:17.590 --> 00:29:17.600 align:start position:0%
i always was thinking ahead and
 

00:29:17.600 --> 00:29:18.950 align:start position:0%
i always was thinking ahead and
as<00:29:17.679><c> far</c><00:29:17.840><c> as</c><00:29:18.000><c> i</c><00:29:18.080><c> know</c><00:29:18.240><c> the</c><00:29:18.320><c> only</c><00:29:18.559><c> mistake</c><00:29:18.880><c> he</c>

00:29:18.950 --> 00:29:18.960 align:start position:0%
as far as i know the only mistake he
 

00:29:18.960 --> 00:29:21.029 align:start position:0%
as far as i know the only mistake he
made<00:29:19.200><c> was</c><00:29:19.360><c> hiring</c><00:29:19.679><c> me</c>

00:29:21.029 --> 00:29:21.039 align:start position:0%
made was hiring me
 

00:29:21.039 --> 00:29:25.430 align:start position:0%
made was hiring me
he<00:29:22.559><c> brought</c><00:29:22.799><c> me</c><00:29:22.960><c> in</c><00:29:23.120><c> as</c><00:29:23.279><c> a</c><00:29:23.679><c> contract</c><00:29:24.240><c> employee</c>

00:29:25.430 --> 00:29:25.440 align:start position:0%
he brought me in as a contract employee
 

00:29:25.440 --> 00:29:27.590 align:start position:0%
he brought me in as a contract employee
and<00:29:25.840><c> the</c><00:29:25.919><c> first</c><00:29:26.159><c> year</c><00:29:26.399><c> there</c><00:29:26.559><c> i</c><00:29:26.799><c> went</c><00:29:27.039><c> to</c><00:29:27.279><c> over</c>

00:29:27.590 --> 00:29:27.600 align:start position:0%
and the first year there i went to over
 

00:29:27.600 --> 00:29:29.269 align:start position:0%
and the first year there i went to over
20<00:29:27.919><c> places</c>

00:29:29.269 --> 00:29:29.279 align:start position:0%
20 places
 

00:29:29.279 --> 00:29:31.190 align:start position:0%
20 places
because<00:29:29.520><c> i</c><00:29:29.600><c> was</c><00:29:29.679><c> a</c><00:29:29.760><c> contract</c><00:29:30.240><c> employee</c><00:29:30.720><c> he</c><00:29:31.039><c> had</c>

00:29:31.190 --> 00:29:31.200 align:start position:0%
because i was a contract employee he had
 

00:29:31.200 --> 00:29:33.029 align:start position:0%
because i was a contract employee he had
very<00:29:31.440><c> limited</c><00:29:31.919><c> travel</c><00:29:32.240><c> budget</c>

00:29:33.029 --> 00:29:33.039 align:start position:0%
very limited travel budget
 

00:29:33.039 --> 00:29:34.549 align:start position:0%
very limited travel budget
he<00:29:33.200><c> was</c><00:29:33.279><c> always</c><00:29:33.520><c> getting</c><00:29:33.760><c> invitations</c><00:29:34.480><c> to</c>

00:29:34.549 --> 00:29:34.559 align:start position:0%
he was always getting invitations to
 

00:29:34.559 --> 00:29:36.389 align:start position:0%
he was always getting invitations to
come<00:29:34.799><c> to</c><00:29:34.960><c> places</c><00:29:35.600><c> like</c><00:29:35.760><c> this</c><00:29:36.000><c> conference</c>

00:29:36.389 --> 00:29:36.399 align:start position:0%
come to places like this conference
 

00:29:36.399 --> 00:29:38.470 align:start position:0%
come to places like this conference
right<00:29:36.720><c> today</c><00:29:37.039><c> he</c><00:29:37.360><c> couldn't</c><00:29:37.600><c> go</c><00:29:37.919><c> so</c>

00:29:38.470 --> 00:29:38.480 align:start position:0%
right today he couldn't go so
 

00:29:38.480 --> 00:29:40.950 align:start position:0%
right today he couldn't go so
it's<00:29:38.720><c> in</c><00:29:38.880><c> rob</c><00:29:39.840><c> my</c><00:29:40.000><c> first</c><00:29:40.240><c> year</c><00:29:40.399><c> i</c><00:29:40.480><c> went</c><00:29:40.640><c> to</c><00:29:40.720><c> over</c>

00:29:40.950 --> 00:29:40.960 align:start position:0%
it's in rob my first year i went to over
 

00:29:40.960 --> 00:29:42.870 align:start position:0%
it's in rob my first year i went to over
20<00:29:41.279><c> places</c><00:29:41.679><c> got</c><00:29:41.840><c> to</c><00:29:41.919><c> go</c><00:29:42.080><c> to</c><00:29:42.240><c> basically</c><00:29:42.640><c> every</c>

00:29:42.870 --> 00:29:42.880 align:start position:0%
20 places got to go to basically every
 

00:29:42.880 --> 00:29:45.110 align:start position:0%
20 places got to go to basically every
robotics<00:29:43.440><c> lab</c><00:29:43.760><c> in</c><00:29:43.840><c> the</c><00:29:43.919><c> country</c>

00:29:45.110 --> 00:29:45.120 align:start position:0%
robotics lab in the country
 

00:29:45.120 --> 00:29:47.269 align:start position:0%
robotics lab in the country
and<00:29:45.520><c> it</c><00:29:45.600><c> was</c><00:29:45.760><c> a</c><00:29:45.919><c> great</c><00:29:46.399><c> kind</c><00:29:46.559><c> of</c><00:29:46.799><c> drinking</c><00:29:47.120><c> from</c>

00:29:47.269 --> 00:29:47.279 align:start position:0%
and it was a great kind of drinking from
 

00:29:47.279 --> 00:29:48.950 align:start position:0%
and it was a great kind of drinking from
the<00:29:47.360><c> fire</c><00:29:47.600><c> hose</c><00:29:47.919><c> experience</c><00:29:48.399><c> but</c><00:29:48.559><c> i</c><00:29:48.640><c> got</c><00:29:48.799><c> to</c>

00:29:48.950 --> 00:29:48.960 align:start position:0%
the fire hose experience but i got to
 

00:29:48.960 --> 00:29:50.630 align:start position:0%
the fire hose experience but i got to
meet<00:29:49.120><c> a</c><00:29:49.200><c> lot</c><00:29:49.360><c> of</c><00:29:49.440><c> people</c>

00:29:50.630 --> 00:29:50.640 align:start position:0%
meet a lot of people
 

00:29:50.640 --> 00:29:54.149 align:start position:0%
meet a lot of people
and<00:29:52.720><c> it</c><00:29:52.960><c> really</c>

00:29:54.149 --> 00:29:54.159 align:start position:0%
and it really
 

00:29:54.159 --> 00:29:55.669 align:start position:0%
and it really
helped<00:29:54.320><c> me</c><00:29:54.480><c> build</c><00:29:54.720><c> a</c><00:29:54.799><c> network</c><00:29:55.200><c> that</c><00:29:55.360><c> i</c>

00:29:55.669 --> 00:29:55.679 align:start position:0%
helped me build a network that i
 

00:29:55.679 --> 00:29:57.909 align:start position:0%
helped me build a network that i
continue<00:29:56.080><c> to</c><00:29:56.159><c> use</c><00:29:56.399><c> today</c>

00:29:57.909 --> 00:29:57.919 align:start position:0%
continue to use today
 

00:29:57.919 --> 00:30:02.470 align:start position:0%
continue to use today
the<00:29:58.000><c> first</c><00:29:58.320><c> project</c><00:29:58.799><c> i</c><00:29:58.880><c> was</c><00:29:59.120><c> on</c><00:30:00.240><c> was</c>

00:30:02.470 --> 00:30:02.480 align:start position:0%
the first project i was on was
 

00:30:02.480 --> 00:30:04.310 align:start position:0%
the first project i was on was
well<00:30:02.640><c> i</c><00:30:02.720><c> had</c><00:30:03.120><c> no</c><00:30:03.279><c> one</c><00:30:03.360><c> gets</c><00:30:03.600><c> to</c><00:30:03.760><c> work</c><00:30:04.000><c> on</c><00:30:04.080><c> one</c>

00:30:04.310 --> 00:30:04.320 align:start position:0%
well i had no one gets to work on one
 

00:30:04.320 --> 00:30:05.830 align:start position:0%
well i had no one gets to work on one
thing

00:30:05.830 --> 00:30:05.840 align:start position:0%
thing
 

00:30:05.840 --> 00:30:10.789 align:start position:0%
thing
i<00:30:05.919><c> had</c><00:30:06.080><c> a</c><00:30:06.159><c> project</c><00:30:06.480><c> that</c><00:30:06.640><c> i</c><00:30:07.120><c> led</c><00:30:08.240><c> where</c><00:30:08.480><c> i</c><00:30:08.640><c> was</c>

00:30:10.789 --> 00:30:10.799 align:start position:0%
i had a project that i led where i was
 

00:30:10.799 --> 00:30:13.430 align:start position:0%
i had a project that i led where i was
designing<00:30:11.360><c> a</c><00:30:11.520><c> set</c><00:30:11.679><c> of</c><00:30:12.559><c> i</c><00:30:12.720><c> imagine</c><00:30:13.120><c> this</c>

00:30:13.430 --> 00:30:13.440 align:start position:0%
designing a set of i imagine this
 

00:30:13.440 --> 00:30:15.190 align:start position:0%
designing a set of i imagine this
manipulator<00:30:14.159><c> joints</c>

00:30:15.190 --> 00:30:15.200 align:start position:0%
manipulator joints
 

00:30:15.200 --> 00:30:16.630 align:start position:0%
manipulator joints
that<00:30:15.360><c> you</c><00:30:15.600><c> could</c><00:30:15.840><c> put</c><00:30:16.000><c> in</c><00:30:16.080><c> a</c><00:30:16.159><c> thermal</c><00:30:16.399><c> back</c>

00:30:16.630 --> 00:30:16.640 align:start position:0%
that you could put in a thermal back
 

00:30:16.640 --> 00:30:18.470 align:start position:0%
that you could put in a thermal back
chamber<00:30:17.200><c> so</c>

00:30:18.470 --> 00:30:18.480 align:start position:0%
chamber so
 

00:30:18.480 --> 00:30:20.149 align:start position:0%
chamber so
i<00:30:18.559><c> wanted</c><00:30:18.880><c> to</c><00:30:18.960><c> learn</c><00:30:19.200><c> about</c><00:30:19.520><c> the</c><00:30:19.760><c> space</c>

00:30:20.149 --> 00:30:20.159 align:start position:0%
i wanted to learn about the space
 

00:30:20.159 --> 00:30:21.750 align:start position:0%
i wanted to learn about the space
environment<00:30:20.960><c> so</c><00:30:21.120><c> i've</c><00:30:21.200><c> been</c><00:30:21.360><c> thinking</c><00:30:21.600><c> about</c>

00:30:21.750 --> 00:30:21.760 align:start position:0%
environment so i've been thinking about
 

00:30:21.760 --> 00:30:23.830 align:start position:0%
environment so i've been thinking about
how<00:30:21.919><c> to</c><00:30:22.000><c> build</c><00:30:22.159><c> a</c><00:30:22.240><c> manipulator</c>

00:30:23.830 --> 00:30:23.840 align:start position:0%
how to build a manipulator
 

00:30:23.840 --> 00:30:26.950 align:start position:0%
how to build a manipulator
in<00:30:24.080><c> air</c><00:30:25.200><c> and</c><00:30:25.760><c> now</c><00:30:25.919><c> i</c><00:30:26.080><c> wanted</c><00:30:26.320><c> to</c><00:30:26.480><c> think</c><00:30:26.640><c> about</c>

00:30:26.950 --> 00:30:26.960 align:start position:0%
in air and now i wanted to think about
 

00:30:26.960 --> 00:30:28.710 align:start position:0%
in air and now i wanted to think about
what<00:30:27.120><c> would</c><00:30:27.279><c> be</c><00:30:27.440><c> different</c><00:30:27.760><c> in</c><00:30:27.919><c> space</c>

00:30:28.710 --> 00:30:28.720 align:start position:0%
what would be different in space
 

00:30:28.720 --> 00:30:30.950 align:start position:0%
what would be different in space
i<00:30:28.880><c> didn't</c><00:30:29.120><c> want</c><00:30:29.279><c> to</c><00:30:29.440><c> just</c><00:30:30.399><c> build</c><00:30:30.799><c> keep</c>

00:30:30.950 --> 00:30:30.960 align:start position:0%
i didn't want to just build keep
 

00:30:30.960 --> 00:30:31.750 align:start position:0%
i didn't want to just build keep
building

00:30:31.750 --> 00:30:31.760 align:start position:0%
building
 

00:30:31.760 --> 00:30:33.830 align:start position:0%
building
fun<00:30:32.000><c> robots</c><00:30:32.399><c> and</c><00:30:32.480><c> then</c><00:30:33.200><c> the</c><00:30:33.279><c> only</c><00:30:33.440><c> reason</c><00:30:33.679><c> they</c>

00:30:33.830 --> 00:30:33.840 align:start position:0%
fun robots and then the only reason they
 

00:30:33.840 --> 00:30:35.430 align:start position:0%
fun robots and then the only reason they
would<00:30:34.000><c> be</c><00:30:34.240><c> nasa</c><00:30:34.559><c> robots</c><00:30:34.960><c> as</c><00:30:35.120><c> they'd</c><00:30:35.279><c> have</c><00:30:35.360><c> a</c>

00:30:35.430 --> 00:30:35.440 align:start position:0%
would be nasa robots as they'd have a
 

00:30:35.440 --> 00:30:36.710 align:start position:0%
would be nasa robots as they'd have a
nasa<00:30:35.760><c> sticker</c><00:30:36.240><c> on</c>

00:30:36.710 --> 00:30:36.720 align:start position:0%
nasa sticker on
 

00:30:36.720 --> 00:30:39.510 align:start position:0%
nasa sticker on
i<00:30:36.880><c> wanted</c><00:30:37.120><c> to</c><00:30:37.279><c> do</c><00:30:37.679><c> what</c><00:30:37.840><c> was</c><00:30:38.080><c> unique</c><00:30:38.320><c> to</c><00:30:38.480><c> nasa</c>

00:30:39.510 --> 00:30:39.520 align:start position:0%
i wanted to do what was unique to nasa
 

00:30:39.520 --> 00:30:40.070 align:start position:0%
i wanted to do what was unique to nasa
so<00:30:39.679><c> i</c>

00:30:40.070 --> 00:30:40.080 align:start position:0%
so i
 

00:30:40.080 --> 00:30:43.430 align:start position:0%
so i
i<00:30:40.240><c> think</c><00:30:40.399><c> that's</c><00:30:40.640><c> the</c><00:30:40.799><c> environment</c><00:30:42.000><c> so</c><00:30:42.240><c> i</c>

00:30:43.430 --> 00:30:43.440 align:start position:0%
i think that's the environment so i
 

00:30:43.440 --> 00:30:46.549 align:start position:0%
i think that's the environment so i
tackled<00:30:44.320><c> thermal</c><00:30:44.799><c> and</c><00:30:44.880><c> vacuum</c><00:30:45.440><c> first</c>

00:30:46.549 --> 00:30:46.559 align:start position:0%
tackled thermal and vacuum first
 

00:30:46.559 --> 00:30:49.510 align:start position:0%
tackled thermal and vacuum first
and<00:30:47.760><c> started</c><00:30:48.159><c> over</c><00:30:48.399><c> on</c><00:30:48.559><c> the</c><00:30:48.640><c> design</c><00:30:49.200><c> thinking</c>

00:30:49.510 --> 00:30:49.520 align:start position:0%
and started over on the design thinking
 

00:30:49.520 --> 00:30:49.990 align:start position:0%
and started over on the design thinking
about<00:30:49.760><c> those</c>

00:30:49.990 --> 00:30:50.000 align:start position:0%
about those
 

00:30:50.000 --> 00:30:53.430 align:start position:0%
about those
components<00:30:51.760><c> that</c><00:30:51.919><c> would</c>

00:30:53.430 --> 00:30:53.440 align:start position:0%
components that would
 

00:30:53.440 --> 00:30:55.830 align:start position:0%
components that would
be<00:30:53.600><c> able</c><00:30:53.760><c> to</c><00:30:53.840><c> work</c><00:30:54.080><c> in</c><00:30:54.159><c> the</c><00:30:54.399><c> space</c><00:30:54.720><c> environment</c>

00:30:55.830 --> 00:30:55.840 align:start position:0%
be able to work in the space environment
 

00:30:55.840 --> 00:30:56.950 align:start position:0%
be able to work in the space environment
and<00:30:56.080><c> built</c>

00:30:56.950 --> 00:30:56.960 align:start position:0%
and built
 

00:30:56.960 --> 00:31:00.230 align:start position:0%
and built
a<00:30:57.360><c> bunch</c><00:30:57.600><c> of</c><00:30:58.559><c> parts</c><00:30:59.440><c> and</c><00:30:59.600><c> took</c><00:30:59.760><c> them</c><00:30:59.919><c> into</c><00:31:00.159><c> a</c>

00:31:00.230 --> 00:31:00.240 align:start position:0%
a bunch of parts and took them into a
 

00:31:00.240 --> 00:31:00.870 align:start position:0%
a bunch of parts and took them into a
thermal<00:31:00.559><c> vac</c>

00:31:00.870 --> 00:31:00.880 align:start position:0%
thermal vac
 

00:31:00.880 --> 00:31:03.990 align:start position:0%
thermal vac
chamber<00:31:01.679><c> for</c><00:31:02.000><c> some</c><00:31:02.960><c> early</c><00:31:03.279><c> experiments</c><00:31:03.840><c> that</c>

00:31:03.990 --> 00:31:04.000 align:start position:0%
chamber for some early experiments that
 

00:31:04.000 --> 00:31:05.190 align:start position:0%
chamber for some early experiments that
was<00:31:04.159><c> a</c><00:31:04.320><c> great</c>

00:31:05.190 --> 00:31:05.200 align:start position:0%
was a great
 

00:31:05.200 --> 00:31:08.389 align:start position:0%
was a great
experience<00:31:05.679><c> for</c><00:31:05.840><c> me</c><00:31:06.000><c> to</c><00:31:06.080><c> get</c><00:31:06.240><c> to</c><00:31:06.559><c> see</c><00:31:07.600><c> the</c>

00:31:08.389 --> 00:31:08.399 align:start position:0%
experience for me to get to see the
 

00:31:08.399 --> 00:31:10.950 align:start position:0%
experience for me to get to see the
way<00:31:08.799><c> that</c><00:31:09.039><c> a</c><00:31:09.200><c> robot's</c><00:31:09.679><c> performance</c><00:31:10.399><c> changed</c>

00:31:10.950 --> 00:31:10.960 align:start position:0%
way that a robot's performance changed
 

00:31:10.960 --> 00:31:13.190 align:start position:0%
way that a robot's performance changed
as<00:31:11.120><c> a</c><00:31:11.200><c> function</c><00:31:11.600><c> of</c><00:31:11.679><c> temperature</c>

00:31:13.190 --> 00:31:13.200 align:start position:0%
as a function of temperature
 

00:31:13.200 --> 00:31:14.950 align:start position:0%
as a function of temperature
pulling<00:31:13.600><c> a</c><00:31:13.679><c> vacuum</c><00:31:14.240><c> didn't</c><00:31:14.480><c> have</c><00:31:14.720><c> a</c><00:31:14.799><c> big</c>

00:31:14.950 --> 00:31:14.960 align:start position:0%
pulling a vacuum didn't have a big
 

00:31:14.960 --> 00:31:16.470 align:start position:0%
pulling a vacuum didn't have a big
effect<00:31:15.360><c> on</c><00:31:15.519><c> it</c><00:31:15.760><c> per</c><00:31:16.000><c> se</c>

00:31:16.470 --> 00:31:16.480 align:start position:0%
effect on it per se
 

00:31:16.480 --> 00:31:18.070 align:start position:0%
effect on it per se
if<00:31:16.720><c> you</c><00:31:16.880><c> design</c><00:31:17.200><c> the</c><00:31:17.279><c> material</c><00:31:17.679><c> so</c><00:31:17.840><c> they</c><00:31:17.919><c> can</c>

00:31:18.070 --> 00:31:18.080 align:start position:0%
if you design the material so they can
 

00:31:18.080 --> 00:31:19.669 align:start position:0%
if you design the material so they can
take<00:31:18.320><c> vacuum</c>

00:31:19.669 --> 00:31:19.679 align:start position:0%
take vacuum
 

00:31:19.679 --> 00:31:21.350 align:start position:0%
take vacuum
when<00:31:19.840><c> you</c><00:31:20.000><c> pulled</c><00:31:20.240><c> the</c><00:31:20.320><c> vacuum</c><00:31:20.880><c> they</c><00:31:21.120><c> still</c>

00:31:21.350 --> 00:31:21.360 align:start position:0%
when you pulled the vacuum they still
 

00:31:21.360 --> 00:31:24.470 align:start position:0%
when you pulled the vacuum they still
worked<00:31:21.840><c> now</c><00:31:22.000><c> you</c><00:31:22.080><c> had</c><00:31:22.559><c> made</c><00:31:22.799><c> those</c><00:31:23.039><c> choices</c>

00:31:24.470 --> 00:31:24.480 align:start position:0%
worked now you had made those choices
 

00:31:24.480 --> 00:31:28.950 align:start position:0%
worked now you had made those choices
up<00:31:24.640><c> front</c><00:31:27.360><c> but</c><00:31:27.600><c> temperature</c><00:31:28.159><c> is</c><00:31:28.320><c> a</c><00:31:28.480><c> very</c><00:31:28.720><c> big</c>

00:31:28.950 --> 00:31:28.960 align:start position:0%
up front but temperature is a very big
 

00:31:28.960 --> 00:31:29.669 align:start position:0%
up front but temperature is a very big
deal

00:31:29.669 --> 00:31:29.679 align:start position:0%
deal
 

00:31:29.679 --> 00:31:33.029 align:start position:0%
deal
and<00:31:30.320><c> i</c><00:31:31.200><c> set</c><00:31:31.440><c> as</c><00:31:31.600><c> my</c><00:31:31.840><c> objective</c><00:31:32.480><c> to</c><00:31:32.799><c> build</c><00:31:32.960><c> a</c>

00:31:33.029 --> 00:31:33.039 align:start position:0%
and i set as my objective to build a
 

00:31:33.039 --> 00:31:34.630 align:start position:0%
and i set as my objective to build a
robot<00:31:33.440><c> that</c><00:31:33.600><c> could</c><00:31:33.760><c> work</c>

00:31:34.630 --> 00:31:34.640 align:start position:0%
robot that could work
 

00:31:34.640 --> 00:31:36.549 align:start position:0%
robot that could work
in<00:31:34.720><c> what</c><00:31:34.960><c> was</c><00:31:35.120><c> called</c><00:31:35.279><c> the</c><00:31:35.360><c> eva</c><00:31:35.760><c> touch</c><00:31:36.080><c> range</c>

00:31:36.549 --> 00:31:36.559 align:start position:0%
in what was called the eva touch range
 

00:31:36.559 --> 00:31:38.789 align:start position:0%
in what was called the eva touch range
so<00:31:36.880><c> uva's</c><00:31:37.360><c> extra-vehicular</c><00:31:38.159><c> activity</c>

00:31:38.789 --> 00:31:38.799 align:start position:0%
so uva's extra-vehicular activity
 

00:31:38.799 --> 00:31:41.750 align:start position:0%
so uva's extra-vehicular activity
spacewalking<00:31:40.559><c> with</c><00:31:40.799><c> an</c><00:31:41.039><c> astronaut</c><00:31:41.440><c> wearing</c><00:31:41.679><c> a</c>

00:31:41.750 --> 00:31:41.760 align:start position:0%
spacewalking with an astronaut wearing a
 

00:31:41.760 --> 00:31:43.190 align:start position:0%
spacewalking with an astronaut wearing a
spacesuit<00:31:42.240><c> i</c><00:31:42.320><c> wanted</c><00:31:42.480><c> to</c><00:31:42.559><c> be</c><00:31:42.720><c> able</c><00:31:42.799><c> to</c><00:31:42.880><c> build</c><00:31:43.120><c> a</c>

00:31:43.190 --> 00:31:43.200 align:start position:0%
spacesuit i wanted to be able to build a
 

00:31:43.200 --> 00:31:44.789 align:start position:0%
spacesuit i wanted to be able to build a
robot<00:31:43.519><c> that</c><00:31:43.679><c> could</c><00:31:43.760><c> go</c><00:31:43.919><c> anywhere</c>

00:31:44.789 --> 00:31:44.799 align:start position:0%
robot that could go anywhere
 

00:31:44.799 --> 00:31:47.430 align:start position:0%
robot that could go anywhere
a<00:31:44.880><c> person</c><00:31:45.279><c> in</c><00:31:45.360><c> a</c><00:31:45.440><c> space</c><00:31:45.760><c> you</c><00:31:45.919><c> could</c><00:31:46.159><c> go</c><00:31:47.120><c> so</c><00:31:47.279><c> i</c>

00:31:47.430 --> 00:31:47.440 align:start position:0%
a person in a space you could go so i
 

00:31:47.440 --> 00:31:48.470 align:start position:0%
a person in a space you could go so i
researched<00:31:47.840><c> what</c><00:31:48.000><c> that</c><00:31:48.240><c> in</c>

00:31:48.470 --> 00:31:48.480 align:start position:0%
researched what that in
 

00:31:48.480 --> 00:31:51.509 align:start position:0%
researched what that in
the<00:31:48.640><c> thermal</c><00:31:48.960><c> range</c><00:31:49.279><c> was</c><00:31:50.320><c> and</c><00:31:50.960><c> it</c><00:31:51.039><c> was</c><00:31:51.200><c> about</c>

00:31:51.509 --> 00:31:51.519 align:start position:0%
the thermal range was and it was about
 

00:31:51.519 --> 00:31:55.509 align:start position:0%
the thermal range was and it was about
minus<00:31:51.919><c> 50</c><00:31:52.320><c> to</c><00:31:52.480><c> positive</c><00:31:52.880><c> 100</c><00:31:53.440><c> degrees</c><00:31:53.760><c> celsius</c>

00:31:55.509 --> 00:31:55.519 align:start position:0%
minus 50 to positive 100 degrees celsius
 

00:31:55.519 --> 00:31:58.389 align:start position:0%
minus 50 to positive 100 degrees celsius
and<00:31:56.720><c> if</c><00:31:56.880><c> it's</c><00:31:57.279><c> colder</c><00:31:57.600><c> or</c><00:31:57.679><c> hotter</c><00:31:58.000><c> than</c><00:31:58.159><c> that</c>

00:31:58.389 --> 00:31:58.399 align:start position:0%
and if it's colder or hotter than that
 

00:31:58.399 --> 00:32:00.070 align:start position:0%
and if it's colder or hotter than that
we<00:31:58.559><c> don't</c><00:31:58.720><c> like</c><00:31:58.960><c> astronauts</c><00:31:59.519><c> to</c><00:31:59.600><c> touch</c><00:31:59.919><c> it</c>

00:32:00.070 --> 00:32:00.080 align:start position:0%
we don't like astronauts to touch it
 

00:32:00.080 --> 00:32:01.350 align:start position:0%
we don't like astronauts to touch it
because<00:32:00.320><c> they</c><00:32:00.480><c> could</c><00:32:00.640><c> get</c><00:32:00.880><c> burned</c><00:32:01.279><c> or</c>

00:32:01.350 --> 00:32:01.360 align:start position:0%
because they could get burned or
 

00:32:01.360 --> 00:32:02.549 align:start position:0%
because they could get burned or
frostbite

00:32:02.549 --> 00:32:02.559 align:start position:0%
frostbite
 

00:32:02.559 --> 00:32:04.070 align:start position:0%
frostbite
so<00:32:02.720><c> i</c><00:32:02.799><c> said</c><00:32:02.960><c> okay</c><00:32:03.120><c> that's</c><00:32:03.360><c> the</c><00:32:03.440><c> range</c><00:32:03.760><c> for</c><00:32:03.919><c> us</c>

00:32:04.070 --> 00:32:04.080 align:start position:0%
so i said okay that's the range for us
 

00:32:04.080 --> 00:32:05.990 align:start position:0%
so i said okay that's the range for us
we'll<00:32:04.240><c> build</c><00:32:04.480><c> a</c><00:32:04.559><c> robot</c><00:32:05.279><c> if</c><00:32:05.519><c> everything's</c><00:32:05.919><c> got</c>

00:32:05.990 --> 00:32:06.000 align:start position:0%
we'll build a robot if everything's got
 

00:32:06.000 --> 00:32:08.230 align:start position:0%
we'll build a robot if everything's got
to<00:32:06.080><c> be</c><00:32:06.240><c> designed</c><00:32:06.559><c> to</c><00:32:06.720><c> be</c><00:32:06.880><c> in</c><00:32:06.960><c> that</c><00:32:07.200><c> range</c>

00:32:08.230 --> 00:32:08.240 align:start position:0%
to be designed to be in that range
 

00:32:08.240 --> 00:32:10.230 align:start position:0%
to be designed to be in that range
to<00:32:08.399><c> work</c><00:32:08.559><c> with</c><00:32:08.720><c> the</c><00:32:08.799><c> astronauts</c><00:32:09.440><c> we'll</c><00:32:10.080><c> we'll</c>

00:32:10.230 --> 00:32:10.240 align:start position:0%
to work with the astronauts we'll we'll
 

00:32:10.240 --> 00:32:11.509 align:start position:0%
to work with the astronauts we'll we'll
build<00:32:10.399><c> a</c><00:32:10.480><c> robot</c><00:32:10.799><c> that</c><00:32:10.960><c> can</c><00:32:11.120><c> work</c><00:32:11.279><c> in</c><00:32:11.360><c> that</c>

00:32:11.509 --> 00:32:11.519 align:start position:0%
build a robot that can work in that
 

00:32:11.519 --> 00:32:12.789 align:start position:0%
build a robot that can work in that
range<00:32:11.840><c> too</c>

00:32:12.789 --> 00:32:12.799 align:start position:0%
range too
 

00:32:12.799 --> 00:32:16.950 align:start position:0%
range too
minus<00:32:13.200><c> 50</c><00:32:13.600><c> is</c><00:32:14.000><c> mighty</c><00:32:14.399><c> chili</c><00:32:15.440><c> and</c><00:32:15.679><c> 100</c><00:32:16.000><c> degrees</c>

00:32:16.950 --> 00:32:16.960 align:start position:0%
minus 50 is mighty chili and 100 degrees
 

00:32:16.960 --> 00:32:20.230 align:start position:0%
minus 50 is mighty chili and 100 degrees
is<00:32:17.919><c> boiling</c><00:32:18.399><c> hot</c>

00:32:20.230 --> 00:32:20.240 align:start position:0%
is boiling hot
 

00:32:20.240 --> 00:32:23.350 align:start position:0%
is boiling hot
most<00:32:20.559><c> robots</c><00:32:21.840><c> can't</c><00:32:22.159><c> take</c><00:32:22.399><c> that</c>

00:32:23.350 --> 00:32:23.360 align:start position:0%
most robots can't take that
 

00:32:23.360 --> 00:32:25.029 align:start position:0%
most robots can't take that
and<00:32:23.519><c> what</c><00:32:23.679><c> i</c><00:32:23.840><c> immediately</c><00:32:24.320><c> found</c><00:32:24.720><c> even</c><00:32:24.880><c> though</c>

00:32:25.029 --> 00:32:25.039 align:start position:0%
and what i immediately found even though
 

00:32:25.039 --> 00:32:26.549 align:start position:0%
and what i immediately found even though
the<00:32:25.200><c> robot</c><00:32:25.760><c> worked</c>

00:32:26.549 --> 00:32:26.559 align:start position:0%
the robot worked
 

00:32:26.559 --> 00:32:29.830 align:start position:0%
the robot worked
it<00:32:26.720><c> worked</c><00:32:27.039><c> so</c><00:32:27.200><c> much</c><00:32:27.440><c> differently</c><00:32:29.039><c> at</c><00:32:29.519><c> cold</c>

00:32:29.830 --> 00:32:29.840 align:start position:0%
it worked so much differently at cold
 

00:32:29.840 --> 00:32:31.350 align:start position:0%
it worked so much differently at cold
and<00:32:30.000><c> hot</c><00:32:30.240><c> temperatures</c><00:32:30.720><c> that</c><00:32:30.880><c> i</c><00:32:30.960><c> had</c><00:32:31.120><c> to</c>

00:32:31.350 --> 00:32:31.360 align:start position:0%
and hot temperatures that i had to
 

00:32:31.360 --> 00:32:31.909 align:start position:0%
and hot temperatures that i had to
change

00:32:31.909 --> 00:32:31.919 align:start position:0%
change
 

00:32:31.919 --> 00:32:33.669 align:start position:0%
change
the<00:32:32.080><c> software</c><00:32:32.799><c> i</c><00:32:32.880><c> had</c><00:32:32.960><c> to</c><00:32:33.039><c> have</c><00:32:33.120><c> the</c><00:32:33.279><c> software</c>

00:32:33.669 --> 00:32:33.679 align:start position:0%
the software i had to have the software
 

00:32:33.679 --> 00:32:35.029 align:start position:0%
the software i had to have the software
adapt<00:32:34.159><c> the</c><00:32:34.240><c> robot</c>

00:32:35.029 --> 00:32:35.039 align:start position:0%
adapt the robot
 

00:32:35.039 --> 00:32:37.909 align:start position:0%
adapt the robot
to<00:32:35.279><c> its</c><00:32:35.760><c> new</c><00:32:35.919><c> temperature</c><00:32:36.559><c> so</c><00:32:36.720><c> that</c><00:32:36.880><c> was</c><00:32:37.120><c> a</c>

00:32:37.909 --> 00:32:37.919 align:start position:0%
to its new temperature so that was a
 

00:32:37.919 --> 00:32:39.350 align:start position:0%
to its new temperature so that was a
major<00:32:38.240><c> breakthrough</c><00:32:38.720><c> for</c><00:32:38.880><c> me</c>

00:32:39.350 --> 00:32:39.360 align:start position:0%
major breakthrough for me
 

00:32:39.360 --> 00:32:41.509 align:start position:0%
major breakthrough for me
was<00:32:39.600><c> to</c><00:32:40.320><c> have</c><00:32:40.559><c> the</c><00:32:40.640><c> robot</c><00:32:40.960><c> read</c><00:32:41.200><c> its</c><00:32:41.360><c> own</c>

00:32:41.509 --> 00:32:41.519 align:start position:0%
was to have the robot read its own
 

00:32:41.519 --> 00:32:43.269 align:start position:0%
was to have the robot read its own
temperature<00:32:42.000><c> constantly</c><00:32:42.640><c> and</c><00:32:42.720><c> constantly</c>

00:32:43.269 --> 00:32:43.279 align:start position:0%
temperature constantly and constantly
 

00:32:43.279 --> 00:32:44.789 align:start position:0%
temperature constantly and constantly
update<00:32:43.600><c> itself</c>

00:32:44.789 --> 00:32:44.799 align:start position:0%
update itself
 

00:32:44.799 --> 00:32:46.710 align:start position:0%
update itself
so<00:32:44.960><c> that</c><00:32:45.120><c> it</c><00:32:45.279><c> always</c><00:32:45.519><c> had</c><00:32:45.679><c> the</c><00:32:45.840><c> same</c><00:32:46.080><c> response</c>

00:32:46.710 --> 00:32:46.720 align:start position:0%
so that it always had the same response
 

00:32:46.720 --> 00:32:48.710 align:start position:0%
so that it always had the same response
so<00:32:46.880><c> if</c><00:32:47.039><c> you</c><00:32:47.200><c> asked</c><00:32:47.440><c> it</c><00:32:47.519><c> to</c><00:32:47.679><c> go</c><00:32:47.919><c> from</c>

00:32:48.710 --> 00:32:48.720 align:start position:0%
so if you asked it to go from
 

00:32:48.720 --> 00:32:51.830 align:start position:0%
so if you asked it to go from
zero<00:32:49.039><c> to</c><00:32:49.200><c> five</c><00:32:49.519><c> degrees</c><00:32:50.240><c> range</c><00:32:50.480><c> of</c><00:32:50.559><c> motion</c><00:32:51.679><c> the</c>

00:32:51.830 --> 00:32:51.840 align:start position:0%
zero to five degrees range of motion the
 

00:32:51.840 --> 00:32:52.710 align:start position:0%
zero to five degrees range of motion the
way<00:32:52.000><c> it</c><00:32:52.159><c> went</c><00:32:52.399><c> there</c>

00:32:52.710 --> 00:32:52.720 align:start position:0%
way it went there
 

00:32:52.720 --> 00:32:56.070 align:start position:0%
way it went there
the<00:32:53.120><c> the</c><00:32:54.399><c> rise</c><00:32:54.840><c> time</c>

00:32:56.070 --> 00:32:56.080 align:start position:0%
the the rise time
 

00:32:56.080 --> 00:32:57.430 align:start position:0%
the the rise time
the<00:32:56.320><c> settling</c><00:32:56.720><c> time</c><00:32:56.960><c> where</c><00:32:57.120><c> it</c><00:32:57.200><c> would</c>

00:32:57.430 --> 00:32:57.440 align:start position:0%
the settling time where it would
 

00:32:57.440 --> 00:32:59.430 align:start position:0%
the settling time where it would
overshoot<00:32:57.840><c> slightly</c><00:32:58.320><c> and</c><00:32:58.399><c> then</c><00:32:58.559><c> stop</c>

00:32:59.430 --> 00:32:59.440 align:start position:0%
overshoot slightly and then stop
 

00:32:59.440 --> 00:33:01.590 align:start position:0%
overshoot slightly and then stop
the<00:32:59.600><c> amount</c><00:32:59.760><c> of</c><00:32:59.840><c> time</c><00:33:00.080><c> it</c><00:33:00.159><c> took</c><00:33:00.399><c> to</c><00:33:00.559><c> stop</c><00:33:01.440><c> i</c>

00:33:01.590 --> 00:33:01.600 align:start position:0%
the amount of time it took to stop i
 

00:33:01.600 --> 00:33:04.870 align:start position:0%
the amount of time it took to stop i
wanted<00:33:01.919><c> all</c><00:33:02.080><c> that</c><00:33:02.240><c> to</c><00:33:02.320><c> be</c><00:33:02.559><c> exactly</c><00:33:03.120><c> the</c><00:33:03.360><c> same</c>

00:33:04.870 --> 00:33:04.880 align:start position:0%
wanted all that to be exactly the same
 

00:33:04.880 --> 00:33:06.389 align:start position:0%
wanted all that to be exactly the same
no<00:33:05.039><c> matter</c><00:33:05.279><c> what</c><00:33:05.360><c> temperature</c><00:33:05.760><c> the</c><00:33:05.840><c> robot</c><00:33:06.159><c> was</c>

00:33:06.389 --> 00:33:06.399 align:start position:0%
no matter what temperature the robot was
 

00:33:06.399 --> 00:33:08.710 align:start position:0%
no matter what temperature the robot was
at<00:33:07.360><c> and</c><00:33:07.519><c> at</c><00:33:07.600><c> cold</c><00:33:07.840><c> temperatures</c>

00:33:08.710 --> 00:33:08.720 align:start position:0%
at and at cold temperatures
 

00:33:08.720 --> 00:33:09.669 align:start position:0%
at and at cold temperatures
when<00:33:08.880><c> you</c><00:33:08.960><c> would</c><00:33:09.120><c> give</c><00:33:09.200><c> it</c><00:33:09.279><c> a</c><00:33:09.360><c> command</c><00:33:09.600><c> it</c>

00:33:09.669 --> 00:33:09.679 align:start position:0%
when you would give it a command it
 

00:33:09.679 --> 00:33:11.830 align:start position:0%
when you would give it a command it
wouldn't<00:33:09.919><c> move</c><00:33:10.080><c> at</c><00:33:10.240><c> all</c><00:33:10.960><c> because</c><00:33:11.279><c> the</c>

00:33:11.830 --> 00:33:11.840 align:start position:0%
wouldn't move at all because the
 

00:33:11.840 --> 00:33:14.470 align:start position:0%
wouldn't move at all because the
lubricants<00:33:12.399><c> were</c><00:33:12.640><c> sludge</c><00:33:14.080><c> so</c><00:33:14.240><c> you</c><00:33:14.320><c> had</c><00:33:14.399><c> to</c>

00:33:14.470 --> 00:33:14.480 align:start position:0%
lubricants were sludge so you had to
 

00:33:14.480 --> 00:33:15.830 align:start position:0%
lubricants were sludge so you had to
have<00:33:14.559><c> a</c><00:33:14.640><c> different</c><00:33:14.880><c> set</c><00:33:15.039><c> of</c><00:33:15.120><c> control</c><00:33:15.519><c> gains</c>

00:33:15.830 --> 00:33:15.840 align:start position:0%
have a different set of control gains
 

00:33:15.840 --> 00:33:17.750 align:start position:0%
have a different set of control gains
and<00:33:15.919><c> i</c><00:33:16.080><c> found</c><00:33:16.240><c> what</c><00:33:16.399><c> those</c><00:33:16.720><c> were</c>

00:33:17.750 --> 00:33:17.760 align:start position:0%
and i found what those were
 

00:33:17.760 --> 00:33:19.590 align:start position:0%
and i found what those were
and<00:33:17.840><c> then</c><00:33:18.080><c> at</c><00:33:18.159><c> high</c><00:33:18.320><c> temperature</c><00:33:19.360><c> it</c><00:33:19.440><c> was</c>

00:33:19.590 --> 00:33:19.600 align:start position:0%
and then at high temperature it was
 

00:33:19.600 --> 00:33:21.269 align:start position:0%
and then at high temperature it was
completely<00:33:20.000><c> out</c><00:33:20.159><c> of</c><00:33:20.240><c> control</c>

00:33:21.269 --> 00:33:21.279 align:start position:0%
completely out of control
 

00:33:21.279 --> 00:33:22.710 align:start position:0%
completely out of control
because<00:33:21.519><c> at</c><00:33:21.600><c> high</c><00:33:21.760><c> temperature</c><00:33:22.559><c> the</c>

00:33:22.710 --> 00:33:22.720 align:start position:0%
because at high temperature the
 

00:33:22.720 --> 00:33:24.630 align:start position:0%
because at high temperature the
lubricants<00:33:23.279><c> were</c><00:33:23.440><c> so</c><00:33:23.679><c> loose</c>

00:33:24.630 --> 00:33:24.640 align:start position:0%
lubricants were so loose
 

00:33:24.640 --> 00:33:26.549 align:start position:0%
lubricants were so loose
that<00:33:24.799><c> the</c><00:33:24.960><c> friction</c><00:33:25.919><c> that</c><00:33:26.080><c> the</c><00:33:26.159><c> control</c>

00:33:26.549 --> 00:33:26.559 align:start position:0%
that the friction that the control
 

00:33:26.559 --> 00:33:28.149 align:start position:0%
that the friction that the control
system<00:33:26.880><c> was</c><00:33:27.039><c> counting</c><00:33:27.440><c> on</c><00:33:27.600><c> wasn't</c><00:33:27.919><c> there</c>

00:33:28.149 --> 00:33:28.159 align:start position:0%
system was counting on wasn't there
 

00:33:28.159 --> 00:33:29.110 align:start position:0%
system was counting on wasn't there
anymore

00:33:29.110 --> 00:33:29.120 align:start position:0%
anymore
 

00:33:29.120 --> 00:33:31.509 align:start position:0%
anymore
it<00:33:29.279><c> had</c><00:33:29.440><c> gone</c><00:33:29.600><c> away</c><00:33:30.240><c> now</c><00:33:30.720><c> when</c><00:33:30.960><c> it</c><00:33:31.039><c> cooled</c><00:33:31.279><c> down</c>

00:33:31.509 --> 00:33:31.519 align:start position:0%
it had gone away now when it cooled down
 

00:33:31.519 --> 00:33:33.509 align:start position:0%
it had gone away now when it cooled down
it<00:33:31.679><c> was</c><00:33:31.840><c> back</c>

00:33:33.509 --> 00:33:33.519 align:start position:0%
it was back
 

00:33:33.519 --> 00:33:35.350 align:start position:0%
it was back
so<00:33:33.679><c> what</c><00:33:33.840><c> i</c><00:33:33.919><c> wanted</c><00:33:34.159><c> was</c><00:33:34.320><c> a</c><00:33:34.399><c> control</c><00:33:34.799><c> system</c><00:33:35.200><c> of</c>

00:33:35.350 --> 00:33:35.360 align:start position:0%
so what i wanted was a control system of
 

00:33:35.360 --> 00:33:37.509 align:start position:0%
so what i wanted was a control system of
the<00:33:35.600><c> invariant</c><00:33:36.480><c> to</c><00:33:36.640><c> the</c><00:33:36.720><c> temperatures</c><00:33:37.360><c> no</c>

00:33:37.509 --> 00:33:37.519 align:start position:0%
the invariant to the temperatures no
 

00:33:37.519 --> 00:33:38.389 align:start position:0%
the invariant to the temperatures no
matter<00:33:37.760><c> what</c>

00:33:38.389 --> 00:33:38.399 align:start position:0%
matter what
 

00:33:38.399 --> 00:33:39.990 align:start position:0%
matter what
when<00:33:38.559><c> you</c><00:33:38.720><c> commanded</c><00:33:39.120><c> the</c><00:33:39.200><c> robot</c><00:33:39.519><c> you</c><00:33:39.679><c> get</c><00:33:39.840><c> the</c>

00:33:39.990 --> 00:33:40.000 align:start position:0%
when you commanded the robot you get the
 

00:33:40.000 --> 00:33:41.669 align:start position:0%
when you commanded the robot you get the
same<00:33:40.240><c> right</c><00:33:40.799><c> result</c>

00:33:41.669 --> 00:33:41.679 align:start position:0%
same right result
 

00:33:41.679 --> 00:33:43.269 align:start position:0%
same right result
and<00:33:42.080><c> you</c><00:33:42.159><c> didn't</c><00:33:42.399><c> have</c><00:33:42.480><c> to</c><00:33:42.559><c> care</c><00:33:42.799><c> about</c><00:33:43.120><c> what</c>

00:33:43.269 --> 00:33:43.279 align:start position:0%
and you didn't have to care about what
 

00:33:43.279 --> 00:33:44.789 align:start position:0%
and you didn't have to care about what
temperature<00:33:43.679><c> it</c><00:33:43.840><c> was</c>

00:33:44.789 --> 00:33:44.799 align:start position:0%
temperature it was
 

00:33:44.799 --> 00:33:47.669 align:start position:0%
temperature it was
which<00:33:45.039><c> is</c><00:33:45.120><c> a</c><00:33:45.200><c> very</c><00:33:46.240><c> unusual</c><00:33:46.799><c> idea</c><00:33:47.440><c> and</c><00:33:47.600><c> you</c>

00:33:47.669 --> 00:33:47.679 align:start position:0%
which is a very unusual idea and you
 

00:33:47.679 --> 00:33:48.070 align:start position:0%
which is a very unusual idea and you
don't

00:33:48.070 --> 00:33:48.080 align:start position:0%
don't
 

00:33:48.080 --> 00:33:51.430 align:start position:0%
don't
see<00:33:48.240><c> that</c><00:33:48.399><c> even</c><00:33:48.640><c> today</c><00:33:49.840><c> it's</c><00:33:50.799><c> normally</c><00:33:51.200><c> people</c>

00:33:51.430 --> 00:33:51.440 align:start position:0%
see that even today it's normally people
 

00:33:51.440 --> 00:33:53.509 align:start position:0%
see that even today it's normally people
just<00:33:51.600><c> warm</c><00:33:51.919><c> the</c><00:33:52.000><c> robot</c><00:33:52.399><c> try</c><00:33:52.559><c> and</c><00:33:52.720><c> keep</c><00:33:52.960><c> it</c>

00:33:53.509 --> 00:33:53.519 align:start position:0%
just warm the robot try and keep it
 

00:33:53.519 --> 00:33:55.029 align:start position:0%
just warm the robot try and keep it
at<00:33:53.679><c> a</c><00:33:53.760><c> constant</c><00:33:54.159><c> temperature</c><00:33:54.799><c> because</c>

00:33:55.029 --> 00:33:55.039 align:start position:0%
at a constant temperature because
 

00:33:55.039 --> 00:33:57.590 align:start position:0%
at a constant temperature because
they're<00:33:55.120><c> afraid</c><00:33:55.440><c> of</c><00:33:55.679><c> all</c><00:33:55.760><c> those</c><00:33:56.240><c> changes</c>

00:33:57.590 --> 00:33:57.600 align:start position:0%
they're afraid of all those changes
 

00:33:57.600 --> 00:33:59.750 align:start position:0%
they're afraid of all those changes
so<00:33:57.840><c> that</c><00:33:57.919><c> was</c><00:33:58.240><c> that</c><00:33:58.399><c> was</c><00:33:58.559><c> a</c><00:33:59.200><c> good</c><00:33:59.360><c> project</c><00:33:59.679><c> for</c>

00:33:59.750 --> 00:33:59.760 align:start position:0%
so that was that was a good project for
 

00:33:59.760 --> 00:34:01.269 align:start position:0%
so that was that was a good project for
me<00:33:59.919><c> i</c><00:34:00.080><c> built</c><00:34:00.240><c> those</c><00:34:00.480><c> joints</c>

00:34:01.269 --> 00:34:01.279 align:start position:0%
me i built those joints
 

00:34:01.279 --> 00:34:04.070 align:start position:0%
me i built those joints
i<00:34:01.519><c> also</c><00:34:01.919><c> was</c><00:34:02.159><c> on</c><00:34:02.240><c> a</c><00:34:02.399><c> second</c><00:34:02.720><c> project</c><00:34:03.840><c> where</c>

00:34:04.070 --> 00:34:04.080 align:start position:0%
i also was on a second project where
 

00:34:04.080 --> 00:34:05.110 align:start position:0%
i also was on a second project where
there<00:34:04.159><c> would</c><00:34:04.399><c> have</c><00:34:04.480><c> been</c><00:34:04.720><c> a</c>

00:34:05.110 --> 00:34:05.120 align:start position:0%
there would have been a
 

00:34:05.120 --> 00:34:07.269 align:start position:0%
there would have been a
enormous<00:34:05.919><c> i</c><00:34:06.080><c> think</c><00:34:06.320><c> probably</c><00:34:06.720><c> the</c><00:34:06.880><c> biggest</c>

00:34:07.269 --> 00:34:07.279 align:start position:0%
enormous i think probably the biggest
 

00:34:07.279 --> 00:34:08.550 align:start position:0%
enormous i think probably the biggest
robotics<00:34:07.919><c> project</c>

00:34:08.550 --> 00:34:08.560 align:start position:0%
robotics project
 

00:34:08.560 --> 00:34:11.430 align:start position:0%
robotics project
ever<00:34:09.200><c> had</c><00:34:09.359><c> just</c><00:34:09.520><c> been</c><00:34:09.760><c> canceled</c><00:34:10.960><c> it</c><00:34:11.119><c> was</c><00:34:11.280><c> a</c>

00:34:11.430 --> 00:34:11.440 align:start position:0%
ever had just been canceled it was a
 

00:34:11.440 --> 00:34:13.030 align:start position:0%
ever had just been canceled it was a
project<00:34:11.760><c> called</c><00:34:12.000><c> the</c><00:34:12.079><c> flight</c><00:34:12.320><c> tele</c><00:34:12.639><c> robotics</c>

00:34:13.030 --> 00:34:13.040 align:start position:0%
project called the flight tele robotics
 

00:34:13.040 --> 00:34:15.030 align:start position:0%
project called the flight tele robotics
servicer<00:34:13.599><c> fts</c>

00:34:15.030 --> 00:34:15.040 align:start position:0%
servicer fts
 

00:34:15.040 --> 00:34:18.629 align:start position:0%
servicer fts
uh<00:34:15.520><c> maybe</c><00:34:16.960><c> 500</c><00:34:17.440><c> million</c><00:34:17.760><c> dollars</c>

00:34:18.629 --> 00:34:18.639 align:start position:0%
uh maybe 500 million dollars
 

00:34:18.639 --> 00:34:21.990 align:start position:0%
uh maybe 500 million dollars
and<00:34:18.800><c> had</c><00:34:18.879><c> been</c><00:34:19.119><c> cancelled</c><00:34:20.240><c> just</c><00:34:20.480><c> as</c><00:34:20.639><c> i</c><00:34:21.119><c> had</c>

00:34:21.990 --> 00:34:22.000 align:start position:0%
and had been cancelled just as i had
 

00:34:22.000 --> 00:34:25.270 align:start position:0%
and had been cancelled just as i had
arrived<00:34:22.399><c> at</c><00:34:22.480><c> nasa</c><00:34:23.679><c> and</c><00:34:24.000><c> so</c>

00:34:25.270 --> 00:34:25.280 align:start position:0%
arrived at nasa and so
 

00:34:25.280 --> 00:34:26.869 align:start position:0%
arrived at nasa and so
my<00:34:25.440><c> branch</c><00:34:25.760><c> chief</c><00:34:26.000><c> sent</c><00:34:26.240><c> me</c><00:34:26.399><c> around</c><00:34:26.800><c> the</c>

00:34:26.869 --> 00:34:26.879 align:start position:0%
my branch chief sent me around the
 

00:34:26.879 --> 00:34:29.510 align:start position:0%
my branch chief sent me around the
country<00:34:28.000><c> and</c><00:34:28.159><c> we</c><00:34:28.320><c> called</c><00:34:28.560><c> it</c><00:34:28.639><c> the</c><00:34:28.879><c> fts</c>

00:34:29.510 --> 00:34:29.520 align:start position:0%
country and we called it the fts
 

00:34:29.520 --> 00:34:31.829 align:start position:0%
country and we called it the fts
technology<00:34:30.079><c> capture</c><00:34:30.800><c> effort</c><00:34:31.359><c> i</c><00:34:31.440><c> would</c><00:34:31.679><c> go</c>

00:34:31.829 --> 00:34:31.839 align:start position:0%
technology capture effort i would go
 

00:34:31.839 --> 00:34:33.430 align:start position:0%
technology capture effort i would go
around<00:34:32.159><c> the</c><00:34:32.240><c> country</c>

00:34:33.430 --> 00:34:33.440 align:start position:0%
around the country
 

00:34:33.440 --> 00:34:35.270 align:start position:0%
around the country
and<00:34:33.599><c> find</c><00:34:33.919><c> every</c><00:34:34.159><c> component</c><00:34:34.800><c> that</c><00:34:35.040><c> had</c><00:34:35.119><c> been</c>

00:34:35.270 --> 00:34:35.280 align:start position:0%
and find every component that had been
 

00:34:35.280 --> 00:34:37.030 align:start position:0%
and find every component that had been
developed<00:34:35.760><c> a</c><00:34:36.079><c> great</c><00:34:36.320><c> expense</c>

00:34:37.030 --> 00:34:37.040 align:start position:0%
developed a great expense
 

00:34:37.040 --> 00:34:40.069 align:start position:0%
developed a great expense
for<00:34:37.200><c> this</c><00:34:37.440><c> incredible</c><00:34:37.919><c> robot</c><00:34:39.359><c> and</c><00:34:39.520><c> find</c><00:34:39.839><c> out</c>

00:34:40.069 --> 00:34:40.079 align:start position:0%
for this incredible robot and find out
 

00:34:40.079 --> 00:34:41.430 align:start position:0%
for this incredible robot and find out
what<00:34:40.240><c> was</c><00:34:40.399><c> good</c><00:34:40.639><c> and</c><00:34:40.720><c> bad</c><00:34:40.960><c> about</c><00:34:41.200><c> that</c>

00:34:41.430 --> 00:34:41.440 align:start position:0%
what was good and bad about that
 

00:34:41.440 --> 00:34:43.109 align:start position:0%
what was good and bad about that
component<00:34:42.560><c> so</c><00:34:42.800><c> that</c>

00:34:43.109 --> 00:34:43.119 align:start position:0%
component so that
 

00:34:43.119 --> 00:34:44.550 align:start position:0%
component so that
we<00:34:43.200><c> wouldn't</c><00:34:43.520><c> lose</c><00:34:43.760><c> that</c><00:34:43.919><c> information</c><00:34:44.399><c> we</c>

00:34:44.550 --> 00:34:44.560 align:start position:0%
we wouldn't lose that information we
 

00:34:44.560 --> 00:34:46.149 align:start position:0%
we wouldn't lose that information we
spent<00:34:44.800><c> so</c><00:34:44.960><c> much</c><00:34:45.200><c> money</c>

00:34:46.149 --> 00:34:46.159 align:start position:0%
spent so much money
 

00:34:46.159 --> 00:34:48.149 align:start position:0%
spent so much money
coming<00:34:46.480><c> up</c><00:34:46.560><c> with</c><00:34:46.720><c> that</c><00:34:46.960><c> design</c><00:34:47.839><c> that</c><00:34:48.000><c> we</c>

00:34:48.149 --> 00:34:48.159 align:start position:0%
coming up with that design that we
 

00:34:48.159 --> 00:34:49.430 align:start position:0%
coming up with that design that we
wanted<00:34:48.639><c> to</c>

00:34:49.430 --> 00:34:49.440 align:start position:0%
wanted to
 

00:34:49.440 --> 00:34:53.829 align:start position:0%
wanted to
take<00:34:49.679><c> that</c><00:34:50.000><c> into</c><00:34:51.359><c> future</c><00:34:52.320><c> designs</c>

00:34:53.829 --> 00:34:53.839 align:start position:0%
take that into future designs
 

00:34:53.839 --> 00:34:56.790 align:start position:0%
take that into future designs
um<00:34:54.879><c> so</c><00:34:55.040><c> i</c><00:34:55.119><c> went</c><00:34:55.280><c> to</c><00:34:55.520><c> every</c><00:34:55.760><c> vendor</c><00:34:56.240><c> every</c><00:34:56.480><c> motor</c>

00:34:56.790 --> 00:34:56.800 align:start position:0%
um so i went to every vendor every motor
 

00:34:56.800 --> 00:34:57.829 align:start position:0%
um so i went to every vendor every motor
every<00:34:57.119><c> sensor</c>

00:34:57.829 --> 00:34:57.839 align:start position:0%
every sensor
 

00:34:57.839 --> 00:35:00.470 align:start position:0%
every sensor
every<00:34:58.079><c> bearing</c><00:34:59.440><c> the</c><00:34:59.760><c> people</c><00:35:00.000><c> that</c><00:35:00.079><c> built</c><00:35:00.320><c> the</c>

00:35:00.470 --> 00:35:00.480 align:start position:0%
every bearing the people that built the
 

00:35:00.480 --> 00:35:01.990 align:start position:0%
every bearing the people that built the
cable<00:35:00.839><c> harness</c>

00:35:01.990 --> 00:35:02.000 align:start position:0%
cable harness
 

00:35:02.000 --> 00:35:05.190 align:start position:0%
cable harness
and<00:35:02.160><c> just</c><00:35:02.800><c> interviewed</c><00:35:03.200><c> them</c><00:35:03.520><c> and</c><00:35:04.880><c> looked</c><00:35:05.119><c> at</c>

00:35:05.190 --> 00:35:05.200 align:start position:0%
and just interviewed them and looked at
 

00:35:05.200 --> 00:35:06.790 align:start position:0%
and just interviewed them and looked at
the<00:35:05.359><c> designs</c>

00:35:06.790 --> 00:35:06.800 align:start position:0%
the designs
 

00:35:06.800 --> 00:35:11.589 align:start position:0%
the designs
and<00:35:08.000><c> about</c><00:35:09.280><c> five</c><00:35:09.520><c> years</c><00:35:09.839><c> later</c>

00:35:11.589 --> 00:35:11.599 align:start position:0%
and about five years later
 

00:35:11.599 --> 00:35:16.310 align:start position:0%
and about five years later
four<00:35:11.839><c> years</c><00:35:12.079><c> later</c><00:35:14.839><c> we</c>

00:35:16.310 --> 00:35:16.320 align:start position:0%
four years later we
 

00:35:16.320 --> 00:35:19.190 align:start position:0%
four years later we
we<00:35:16.560><c> got</c><00:35:16.800><c> all</c><00:35:17.040><c> that</c><00:35:17.280><c> equipment</c><00:35:17.760><c> access</c><00:35:18.160><c> to</c><00:35:18.400><c> us</c><00:35:18.640><c> i</c>

00:35:19.190 --> 00:35:19.200 align:start position:0%
we got all that equipment access to us i
 

00:35:19.200 --> 00:35:20.870 align:start position:0%
we got all that equipment access to us i
got<00:35:19.440><c> it</c><00:35:19.599><c> all</c><00:35:19.680><c> delivered</c><00:35:20.160><c> to</c><00:35:20.320><c> me</c>

00:35:20.870 --> 00:35:20.880 align:start position:0%
got it all delivered to me
 

00:35:20.880 --> 00:35:22.950 align:start position:0%
got it all delivered to me
at<00:35:21.040><c> that</c><00:35:21.200><c> point</c><00:35:21.440><c> i</c><00:35:21.599><c> was</c><00:35:22.000><c> i</c><00:35:22.079><c> was</c><00:35:22.320><c> further</c><00:35:22.800><c> kind</c>

00:35:22.950 --> 00:35:22.960 align:start position:0%
at that point i was i was further kind
 

00:35:22.960 --> 00:35:24.870 align:start position:0%
at that point i was i was further kind
of<00:35:23.119><c> up</c><00:35:23.280><c> in</c><00:35:23.359><c> the</c>

00:35:24.870 --> 00:35:24.880 align:start position:0%
of up in the
 

00:35:24.880 --> 00:35:26.790 align:start position:0%
of up in the
team<00:35:25.119><c> structure</c><00:35:25.760><c> so</c><00:35:25.920><c> i</c><00:35:26.160><c> actually</c><00:35:26.400><c> was</c><00:35:26.560><c> the</c><00:35:26.640><c> one</c>

00:35:26.790 --> 00:35:26.800 align:start position:0%
team structure so i actually was the one
 

00:35:26.800 --> 00:35:29.030 align:start position:0%
team structure so i actually was the one
who<00:35:26.960><c> took</c><00:35:27.119><c> delivery</c><00:35:27.520><c> of</c><00:35:27.680><c> all</c><00:35:27.760><c> that</c><00:35:27.920><c> equipment</c>

00:35:29.030 --> 00:35:29.040 align:start position:0%
who took delivery of all that equipment
 

00:35:29.040 --> 00:35:31.030 align:start position:0%
who took delivery of all that equipment
and<00:35:29.200><c> so</c><00:35:29.440><c> i</c><00:35:29.920><c> they</c><00:35:30.160><c> built</c><00:35:30.480><c> one</c><00:35:30.720><c> flight</c>

00:35:31.030 --> 00:35:31.040 align:start position:0%
and so i they built one flight
 

00:35:31.040 --> 00:35:32.470 align:start position:0%
and so i they built one flight
manipulator

00:35:32.470 --> 00:35:32.480 align:start position:0%
manipulator
 

00:35:32.480 --> 00:35:34.310 align:start position:0%
manipulator
and<00:35:32.640><c> i've</c><00:35:32.800><c> still</c><00:35:33.040><c> got</c><00:35:33.200><c> that</c><00:35:33.440><c> in</c><00:35:33.599><c> storage</c>

00:35:34.310 --> 00:35:34.320 align:start position:0%
and i've still got that in storage
 

00:35:34.320 --> 00:35:36.310 align:start position:0%
and i've still got that in storage
protected<00:35:34.880><c> and</c><00:35:35.280><c> bonded</c><00:35:35.599><c> storage</c>

00:35:36.310 --> 00:35:36.320 align:start position:0%
protected and bonded storage
 

00:35:36.320 --> 00:35:37.990 align:start position:0%
protected and bonded storage
so<00:35:36.640><c> if</c><00:35:36.720><c> i</c><00:35:36.800><c> needed</c><00:35:37.040><c> to</c><00:35:37.119><c> go</c><00:35:37.359><c> do</c><00:35:37.520><c> something</c><00:35:37.839><c> with</c>

00:35:37.990 --> 00:35:38.000 align:start position:0%
so if i needed to go do something with
 

00:35:38.000 --> 00:35:40.390 align:start position:0%
so if i needed to go do something with
it<00:35:38.079><c> i</c><00:35:38.240><c> could</c><00:35:39.119><c> but</c><00:35:39.280><c> i</c><00:35:39.359><c> ended</c><00:35:39.599><c> up</c><00:35:39.680><c> using</c>

00:35:40.390 --> 00:35:40.400 align:start position:0%
it i could but i ended up using
 

00:35:40.400 --> 00:35:43.030 align:start position:0%
it i could but i ended up using
a<00:35:40.480><c> lot</c><00:35:40.640><c> of</c><00:35:40.720><c> the</c><00:35:40.880><c> parts</c><00:35:41.200><c> the</c><00:35:41.359><c> spare</c><00:35:41.680><c> parts</c><00:35:42.720><c> in</c><00:35:42.800><c> my</c>

00:35:43.030 --> 00:35:43.040 align:start position:0%
a lot of the parts the spare parts in my
 

00:35:43.040 --> 00:35:44.710 align:start position:0%
a lot of the parts the spare parts in my
own<00:35:43.200><c> experiments</c><00:35:43.839><c> because</c><00:35:44.079><c> they</c><00:35:44.160><c> were</c>

00:35:44.710 --> 00:35:44.720 align:start position:0%
own experiments because they were
 

00:35:44.720 --> 00:35:48.470 align:start position:0%
own experiments because they were
these<00:35:44.880><c> incredible</c><00:35:45.359><c> components</c><00:35:46.880><c> and</c>

00:35:48.470 --> 00:35:48.480 align:start position:0%
these incredible components and
 

00:35:48.480 --> 00:35:50.390 align:start position:0%
these incredible components and
did<00:35:48.720><c> a</c><00:35:48.800><c> whole</c><00:35:48.960><c> series</c><00:35:49.280><c> of</c><00:35:49.440><c> additional</c>

00:35:50.390 --> 00:35:50.400 align:start position:0%
did a whole series of additional
 

00:35:50.400 --> 00:35:51.910 align:start position:0%
did a whole series of additional
experiments<00:35:51.040><c> on</c><00:35:51.200><c> thermal</c><00:35:51.520><c> vacuum</c>

00:35:51.910 --> 00:35:51.920 align:start position:0%
experiments on thermal vacuum
 

00:35:51.920 --> 00:35:53.829 align:start position:0%
experiments on thermal vacuum
performance

00:35:53.829 --> 00:35:53.839 align:start position:0%
performance
 

00:35:53.839 --> 00:35:55.430 align:start position:0%
performance
develop<00:35:54.160><c> some</c><00:35:54.320><c> custom</c><00:35:54.720><c> lubricants</c><00:35:55.280><c> that</c>

00:35:55.430 --> 00:35:55.440 align:start position:0%
develop some custom lubricants that
 

00:35:55.440 --> 00:35:57.829 align:start position:0%
develop some custom lubricants that
could<00:35:55.599><c> work</c><00:35:55.839><c> in</c><00:35:56.240><c> the</c><00:35:56.400><c> space</c><00:35:56.839><c> environment</c>

00:35:57.829 --> 00:35:57.839 align:start position:0%
could work in the space environment
 

00:35:57.839 --> 00:36:00.230 align:start position:0%
could work in the space environment
worked<00:35:58.079><c> with</c><00:35:58.240><c> a</c><00:35:58.320><c> number</c><00:35:58.480><c> of</c><00:35:58.720><c> other</c><00:35:58.880><c> people</c>

00:36:00.230 --> 00:36:00.240 align:start position:0%
worked with a number of other people
 

00:36:00.240 --> 00:36:02.150 align:start position:0%
worked with a number of other people
that<00:36:00.400><c> had</c><00:36:00.720><c> been</c><00:36:01.440><c> searching</c><00:36:01.760><c> for</c><00:36:01.920><c> these</c>

00:36:02.150 --> 00:36:02.160 align:start position:0%
that had been searching for these
 

00:36:02.160 --> 00:36:03.430 align:start position:0%
that had been searching for these
materials<00:36:02.720><c> also</c>

00:36:03.430 --> 00:36:03.440 align:start position:0%
materials also
 

00:36:03.440 --> 00:36:05.750 align:start position:0%
materials also
and<00:36:03.599><c> we</c><00:36:03.760><c> kind</c><00:36:03.920><c> of</c><00:36:04.079><c> came</c><00:36:04.320><c> up</c><00:36:04.480><c> with</c><00:36:04.640><c> some</c>

00:36:05.750 --> 00:36:05.760 align:start position:0%
and we kind of came up with some
 

00:36:05.760 --> 00:36:07.510 align:start position:0%
and we kind of came up with some
concoctions<00:36:06.560><c> that</c><00:36:06.800><c> we</c><00:36:06.960><c> thought</c><00:36:07.200><c> would</c><00:36:07.359><c> do</c>

00:36:07.510 --> 00:36:07.520 align:start position:0%
concoctions that we thought would do
 

00:36:07.520 --> 00:36:08.069 align:start position:0%
concoctions that we thought would do
well

00:36:08.069 --> 00:36:08.079 align:start position:0%
well
 

00:36:08.079 --> 00:36:11.349 align:start position:0%
well
in<00:36:08.480><c> space</c><00:36:09.440><c> and</c><00:36:09.599><c> all</c><00:36:09.760><c> of</c><00:36:09.920><c> that</c>

00:36:11.349 --> 00:36:11.359 align:start position:0%
in space and all of that
 

00:36:11.359 --> 00:36:13.990 align:start position:0%
in space and all of that
led<00:36:12.000><c> into</c><00:36:12.880><c> my</c><00:36:13.119><c> thinking</c><00:36:13.440><c> in</c><00:36:13.520><c> the</c><00:36:13.599><c> design</c><00:36:13.920><c> of</c>

00:36:13.990 --> 00:36:14.000 align:start position:0%
led into my thinking in the design of
 

00:36:14.000 --> 00:36:15.910 align:start position:0%
led into my thinking in the design of
the<00:36:14.079><c> robonaut</c><00:36:14.560><c> system</c>

00:36:15.910 --> 00:36:15.920 align:start position:0%
the robonaut system
 

00:36:15.920 --> 00:36:18.870 align:start position:0%
the robonaut system
that<00:36:16.640><c> we</c><00:36:16.800><c> started</c><00:36:17.200><c> around</c><00:36:17.440><c> 96.</c><00:36:18.320><c> i</c><00:36:18.480><c> just</c><00:36:18.640><c> come</c>

00:36:18.870 --> 00:36:18.880 align:start position:0%
that we started around 96. i just come
 

00:36:18.880 --> 00:36:20.150 align:start position:0%
that we started around 96. i just come
off<00:36:19.119><c> this</c>

00:36:20.150 --> 00:36:20.160 align:start position:0%
off this
 

00:36:20.160 --> 00:36:22.069 align:start position:0%
off this
technology<00:36:20.640><c> capture</c><00:36:21.119><c> program</c><00:36:21.599><c> built</c><00:36:21.839><c> our</c><00:36:21.920><c> own</c>

00:36:22.069 --> 00:36:22.079 align:start position:0%
technology capture program built our own
 

00:36:22.079 --> 00:36:24.470 align:start position:0%
technology capture program built our own
joints<00:36:22.480><c> and</c><00:36:22.560><c> a</c><00:36:22.640><c> bunch</c><00:36:22.800><c> of</c><00:36:22.960><c> other</c><00:36:23.119><c> experiments</c>

00:36:24.470 --> 00:36:24.480 align:start position:0%
joints and a bunch of other experiments
 

00:36:24.480 --> 00:36:26.069 align:start position:0%
joints and a bunch of other experiments
at<00:36:24.640><c> that</c><00:36:24.800><c> point</c><00:36:25.040><c> we</c><00:36:25.200><c> felt</c><00:36:25.520><c> we</c><00:36:25.599><c> were</c><00:36:25.839><c> really</c>

00:36:26.069 --> 00:36:26.079 align:start position:0%
at that point we felt we were really
 

00:36:26.079 --> 00:36:27.670 align:start position:0%
at that point we felt we were really
ready<00:36:27.200><c> to</c>

00:36:27.670 --> 00:36:27.680 align:start position:0%
ready to
 

00:36:27.680 --> 00:36:33.270 align:start position:0%
ready to
design<00:36:28.079><c> our</c><00:36:28.240><c> own</c><00:36:28.400><c> robot</c><00:36:29.839><c> we'd</c><00:36:30.160><c> invested</c><00:36:30.640><c> in</c>

00:36:33.270 --> 00:36:33.280 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:36:33.280 --> 00:36:36.630 align:start position:0%
 
all<00:36:33.359><c> sorts</c><00:36:33.760><c> of</c><00:36:33.920><c> hands</c><00:36:35.520><c> that</c><00:36:35.920><c> charlie</c><00:36:36.320><c> price</c>

00:36:36.630 --> 00:36:36.640 align:start position:0%
all sorts of hands that charlie price
 

00:36:36.640 --> 00:36:38.710 align:start position:0%
all sorts of hands that charlie price
was<00:36:36.800><c> really</c><00:36:37.119><c> into</c><00:36:37.359><c> robot</c><00:36:37.760><c> hands</c>

00:36:38.710 --> 00:36:38.720 align:start position:0%
was really into robot hands
 

00:36:38.720 --> 00:36:42.150 align:start position:0%
was really into robot hands
and<00:36:38.800><c> we</c><00:36:38.880><c> we're</c><00:36:39.760><c> buying</c><00:36:40.079><c> the</c><00:36:40.160><c> best</c><00:36:41.680><c> we</c><00:36:41.839><c> have</c><00:36:42.000><c> an</c>

00:36:42.150 --> 00:36:42.160 align:start position:0%
and we we're buying the best we have an
 

00:36:42.160 --> 00:36:42.870 align:start position:0%
and we we're buying the best we have an
incredible

00:36:42.870 --> 00:36:42.880 align:start position:0%
incredible
 

00:36:42.880 --> 00:36:46.310 align:start position:0%
incredible
museum<00:36:43.440><c> of</c><00:36:44.079><c> robot</c><00:36:44.480><c> hands</c><00:36:45.520><c> it's</c><00:36:45.760><c> really</c>

00:36:46.310 --> 00:36:46.320 align:start position:0%
museum of robot hands it's really
 

00:36:46.320 --> 00:36:48.710 align:start position:0%
museum of robot hands it's really
it's<00:36:46.640><c> about</c><00:36:46.960><c> the</c><00:36:47.040><c> best</c><00:36:47.280><c> in</c><00:36:47.440><c> the</c><00:36:47.520><c> world</c><00:36:48.320><c> and</c><00:36:48.480><c> we</c>

00:36:48.710 --> 00:36:48.720 align:start position:0%
it's about the best in the world and we
 

00:36:48.720 --> 00:36:50.470 align:start position:0%
it's about the best in the world and we
continue<00:36:49.280><c> to</c><00:36:49.440><c> help</c><00:36:49.760><c> any</c><00:36:49.920><c> little</c><00:36:50.160><c> company</c>

00:36:50.470 --> 00:36:50.480 align:start position:0%
continue to help any little company
 

00:36:50.480 --> 00:36:52.230 align:start position:0%
continue to help any little company
that's<00:36:50.720><c> got</c><00:36:50.800><c> a</c><00:36:50.880><c> new</c><00:36:51.119><c> hand</c>

00:36:52.230 --> 00:36:52.240 align:start position:0%
that's got a new hand
 

00:36:52.240 --> 00:36:54.710 align:start position:0%
that's got a new hand
i<00:36:52.480><c> tend</c><00:36:52.640><c> to</c><00:36:52.800><c> buy</c><00:36:53.040><c> it</c><00:36:53.200><c> just</c><00:36:53.359><c> to</c><00:36:53.520><c> help</c><00:36:53.680><c> them</c>

00:36:54.710 --> 00:36:54.720 align:start position:0%
i tend to buy it just to help them
 

00:36:54.720 --> 00:36:56.550 align:start position:0%
i tend to buy it just to help them
because<00:36:54.880><c> there's</c><00:36:55.119><c> so</c><00:36:55.280><c> few</c><00:36:55.520><c> out</c><00:36:55.680><c> there</c>

00:36:56.550 --> 00:36:56.560 align:start position:0%
because there's so few out there
 

00:36:56.560 --> 00:36:59.030 align:start position:0%
because there's so few out there
and<00:36:57.200><c> we</c><00:36:57.359><c> add</c><00:36:57.520><c> it</c><00:36:57.599><c> to</c><00:36:57.680><c> the</c><00:36:57.839><c> collection</c><00:36:58.720><c> but</c><00:36:58.880><c> we</c>

00:36:59.030 --> 00:36:59.040 align:start position:0%
and we add it to the collection but we
 

00:36:59.040 --> 00:36:59.990 align:start position:0%
and we add it to the collection but we
also<00:36:59.280><c> learn</c><00:36:59.520><c> from</c><00:36:59.760><c> it</c>

00:36:59.990 --> 00:37:00.000 align:start position:0%
also learn from it
 

00:37:00.000 --> 00:37:04.069 align:start position:0%
also learn from it
and<00:37:02.160><c> you</c><00:37:02.240><c> know</c><00:37:02.400><c> part</c><00:37:02.560><c> of</c><00:37:02.720><c> nasa's</c>

00:37:04.069 --> 00:37:04.079 align:start position:0%
and you know part of nasa's
 

00:37:04.079 --> 00:37:07.270 align:start position:0%
and you know part of nasa's
mission<00:37:04.480><c> is</c><00:37:04.640><c> to</c><00:37:04.800><c> help</c><00:37:05.520><c> get</c><00:37:05.920><c> our</c><00:37:06.079><c> economy</c>

00:37:07.270 --> 00:37:07.280 align:start position:0%
mission is to help get our economy
 

00:37:07.280 --> 00:37:10.550 align:start position:0%
mission is to help get our economy
moving<00:37:08.480><c> and</c><00:37:08.640><c> so</c><00:37:08.880><c> giving</c><00:37:09.280><c> a</c><00:37:09.680><c> contract</c><00:37:10.160><c> to</c><00:37:10.320><c> old</c>

00:37:10.550 --> 00:37:10.560 align:start position:0%
moving and so giving a contract to old
 

00:37:10.560 --> 00:37:11.829 align:start position:0%
moving and so giving a contract to old
company

00:37:11.829 --> 00:37:11.839 align:start position:0%
company
 

00:37:11.839 --> 00:37:13.270 align:start position:0%
company
has<00:37:12.079><c> been</c><00:37:12.240><c> an</c><00:37:12.480><c> important</c><00:37:12.720><c> part</c><00:37:12.880><c> of</c><00:37:12.960><c> nasa's</c>

00:37:13.270 --> 00:37:13.280 align:start position:0%
has been an important part of nasa's
 

00:37:13.280 --> 00:37:17.109 align:start position:0%
has been an important part of nasa's
history

00:37:17.109 --> 00:37:17.119 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:37:17.119 --> 00:37:18.870 align:start position:0%
 
we<00:37:17.280><c> didn't</c><00:37:17.520><c> invent</c><00:37:17.839><c> the</c><00:37:17.920><c> microchip</c><00:37:18.480><c> but</c><00:37:18.640><c> we</c>

00:37:18.870 --> 00:37:18.880 align:start position:0%
we didn't invent the microchip but we
 

00:37:18.880 --> 00:37:21.030 align:start position:0%
we didn't invent the microchip but we
bought<00:37:19.119><c> 90</c><00:37:19.680><c> of</c><00:37:19.839><c> them</c><00:37:20.000><c> in</c><00:37:20.079><c> the</c><00:37:20.240><c> 60s</c>

00:37:21.030 --> 00:37:21.040 align:start position:0%
bought 90 of them in the 60s
 

00:37:21.040 --> 00:37:22.310 align:start position:0%
bought 90 of them in the 60s
and<00:37:21.119><c> that</c><00:37:21.359><c> was</c><00:37:21.520><c> really</c><00:37:21.760><c> good</c><00:37:21.920><c> for</c><00:37:22.079><c> little</c>

00:37:22.310 --> 00:37:22.320 align:start position:0%
and that was really good for little
 

00:37:22.320 --> 00:37:24.950 align:start position:0%
and that was really good for little
startup<00:37:22.640><c> companies</c><00:37:23.119><c> like</c><00:37:23.359><c> texas</c><00:37:23.760><c> instruments</c>

00:37:24.950 --> 00:37:24.960 align:start position:0%
startup companies like texas instruments
 

00:37:24.960 --> 00:37:26.870 align:start position:0%
startup companies like texas instruments
and<00:37:25.200><c> we</c><00:37:25.280><c> were</c><00:37:25.359><c> giving</c><00:37:25.599><c> them</c><00:37:25.760><c> these</c><00:37:26.000><c> contracts</c>

00:37:26.870 --> 00:37:26.880 align:start position:0%
and we were giving them these contracts
 

00:37:26.880 --> 00:37:29.030 align:start position:0%
and we were giving them these contracts
and<00:37:27.760><c> we</c><00:37:27.920><c> could</c><00:37:28.000><c> do</c><00:37:28.160><c> that</c><00:37:28.400><c> in</c><00:37:28.560><c> robotics</c><00:37:28.960><c> that'd</c>

00:37:29.030 --> 00:37:29.040 align:start position:0%
and we could do that in robotics that'd
 

00:37:29.040 --> 00:37:31.030 align:start position:0%
and we could do that in robotics that'd
be<00:37:29.200><c> great</c>

00:37:31.030 --> 00:37:31.040 align:start position:0%
be great
 

00:37:31.040 --> 00:37:33.190 align:start position:0%
be great
so<00:37:31.520><c> we've</c><00:37:31.680><c> been</c><00:37:31.839><c> buying</c><00:37:32.079><c> a</c><00:37:32.160><c> bunch</c><00:37:32.400><c> of</c>

00:37:33.190 --> 00:37:33.200 align:start position:0%
so we've been buying a bunch of
 

00:37:33.200 --> 00:37:34.790 align:start position:0%
so we've been buying a bunch of
prototypes

00:37:34.790 --> 00:37:34.800 align:start position:0%
prototypes
 

00:37:34.800 --> 00:37:36.310 align:start position:0%
prototypes
we've<00:37:35.040><c> been</c><00:37:35.200><c> doing</c><00:37:35.440><c> experiments</c><00:37:36.079><c> kind</c><00:37:36.240><c> of</c>

00:37:36.310 --> 00:37:36.320 align:start position:0%
we've been doing experiments kind of
 

00:37:36.320 --> 00:37:39.109 align:start position:0%
we've been doing experiments kind of
piece<00:37:36.560><c> by</c><00:37:36.800><c> piece</c><00:37:37.359><c> studying</c><00:37:37.760><c> the</c>

00:37:39.109 --> 00:37:39.119 align:start position:0%
piece by piece studying the
 

00:37:39.119 --> 00:37:42.069 align:start position:0%
piece by piece studying the
componentry<00:37:40.400><c> and</c><00:37:40.640><c> by</c><00:37:40.880><c> about</c><00:37:41.119><c> 96</c><00:37:41.599><c> we</c><00:37:41.760><c> decided</c>

00:37:42.069 --> 00:37:42.079 align:start position:0%
componentry and by about 96 we decided
 

00:37:42.079 --> 00:37:43.270 align:start position:0%
componentry and by about 96 we decided
we<00:37:42.160><c> were</c><00:37:42.320><c> ready</c><00:37:42.480><c> to</c><00:37:42.960><c> build</c>

00:37:43.270 --> 00:37:43.280 align:start position:0%
we were ready to build
 

00:37:43.280 --> 00:37:46.069 align:start position:0%
we were ready to build
our<00:37:43.599><c> own</c><00:37:43.920><c> robot</c><00:37:44.400><c> in-house</c><00:37:45.599><c> and</c><00:37:45.680><c> that's</c><00:37:45.920><c> when</c>

00:37:46.069 --> 00:37:46.079 align:start position:0%
our own robot in-house and that's when
 

00:37:46.079 --> 00:37:46.950 align:start position:0%
our own robot in-house and that's when
we<00:37:46.160><c> started</c><00:37:46.400><c> the</c><00:37:46.480><c> mobile</c>

00:37:46.950 --> 00:37:46.960 align:start position:0%
we started the mobile
 

00:37:46.960 --> 00:37:49.670 align:start position:0%
we started the mobile
project<00:37:48.400><c> so</c><00:37:48.640><c> why</c><00:37:48.880><c> was</c><00:37:49.040><c> the</c><00:37:49.200><c> flight</c><00:37:49.520><c> tele</c>

00:37:49.670 --> 00:37:49.680 align:start position:0%
project so why was the flight tele
 

00:37:49.680 --> 00:37:52.390 align:start position:0%
project so why was the flight tele
robotics<00:37:50.240><c> servicer</c><00:37:50.960><c> cancelled</c>

00:37:52.390 --> 00:37:52.400 align:start position:0%
robotics servicer cancelled
 

00:37:52.400 --> 00:37:55.750 align:start position:0%
robotics servicer cancelled
um<00:37:54.240><c> it</c><00:37:54.560><c> involved</c>

00:37:55.750 --> 00:37:55.760 align:start position:0%
um it involved
 

00:37:55.760 --> 00:37:58.950 align:start position:0%
um it involved
uh<00:37:58.079><c> congress</c>

00:37:58.950 --> 00:37:58.960 align:start position:0%
uh congress
 

00:37:58.960 --> 00:38:00.630 align:start position:0%
uh congress
and<00:37:59.200><c> the</c><00:37:59.280><c> white</c><00:37:59.520><c> house</c><00:37:59.920><c> and</c><00:38:00.079><c> strategic</c>

00:38:00.630 --> 00:38:00.640 align:start position:0%
and the white house and strategic
 

00:38:00.640 --> 00:38:05.190 align:start position:0%
and the white house and strategic
objectives<00:38:01.680><c> for</c><00:38:01.839><c> the</c><00:38:02.839><c> country</c>

00:38:05.190 --> 00:38:05.200 align:start position:0%
objectives for the country
 

00:38:05.200 --> 00:38:06.870 align:start position:0%
objectives for the country
and<00:38:05.359><c> i</c><00:38:05.440><c> don't</c><00:38:05.680><c> it</c><00:38:05.839><c> was</c><00:38:06.160><c> obviously</c><00:38:06.560><c> canceled</c>

00:38:06.870 --> 00:38:06.880 align:start position:0%
and i don't it was obviously canceled
 

00:38:06.880 --> 00:38:08.390 align:start position:0%
and i don't it was obviously canceled
before<00:38:07.280><c> i</c><00:38:07.520><c> joined</c><00:38:07.760><c> nasa</c>

00:38:08.390 --> 00:38:08.400 align:start position:0%
before i joined nasa
 

00:38:08.400 --> 00:38:10.550 align:start position:0%
before i joined nasa
so<00:38:08.560><c> i</c><00:38:08.720><c> don't</c><00:38:09.599><c> really</c><00:38:09.839><c> remember</c><00:38:10.240><c> all</c><00:38:10.400><c> the</c>

00:38:10.550 --> 00:38:10.560 align:start position:0%
so i don't really remember all the
 

00:38:10.560 --> 00:38:11.829 align:start position:0%
so i don't really remember all the
details

00:38:11.829 --> 00:38:11.839 align:start position:0%
details
 

00:38:11.839 --> 00:38:13.750 align:start position:0%
details
when<00:38:12.000><c> i</c><00:38:12.079><c> got</c><00:38:12.240><c> there</c><00:38:12.480><c> it</c><00:38:13.040><c> already</c><00:38:13.359><c> had</c><00:38:13.520><c> been</c>

00:38:13.750 --> 00:38:13.760 align:start position:0%
when i got there it already had been
 

00:38:13.760 --> 00:38:15.510 align:start position:0%
when i got there it already had been
cancelled<00:38:14.720><c> so</c><00:38:14.960><c> i</c><00:38:15.040><c> was</c>

00:38:15.510 --> 00:38:15.520 align:start position:0%
cancelled so i was
 

00:38:15.520 --> 00:38:16.950 align:start position:0%
cancelled so i was
part<00:38:15.680><c> of</c><00:38:15.760><c> this</c><00:38:16.000><c> effort</c><00:38:16.320><c> to</c><00:38:16.400><c> try</c><00:38:16.560><c> and</c><00:38:16.640><c> make</c><00:38:16.800><c> sure</c>

00:38:16.950 --> 00:38:16.960 align:start position:0%
part of this effort to try and make sure
 

00:38:16.960 --> 00:38:19.670 align:start position:0%
part of this effort to try and make sure
we<00:38:17.040><c> got</c><00:38:17.280><c> the</c><00:38:17.359><c> most</c><00:38:17.760><c> out</c><00:38:17.920><c> of</c><00:38:18.079><c> it</c>

00:38:19.670 --> 00:38:19.680 align:start position:0%
we got the most out of it
 

00:38:19.680 --> 00:38:22.550 align:start position:0%
we got the most out of it
but<00:38:19.920><c> it</c><00:38:20.000><c> was</c><00:38:20.640><c> it</c><00:38:20.720><c> was</c><00:38:20.880><c> a</c><00:38:20.960><c> big</c><00:38:21.200><c> project</c><00:38:22.160><c> it</c><00:38:22.400><c> had</c>

00:38:22.550 --> 00:38:22.560 align:start position:0%
but it was it was a big project it had
 

00:38:22.560 --> 00:38:24.230 align:start position:0%
but it was it was a big project it had
been<00:38:22.720><c> designed</c><00:38:23.200><c> to</c><00:38:23.359><c> go</c><00:38:23.440><c> to</c><00:38:23.599><c> the</c><00:38:23.680><c> space</c><00:38:24.079><c> that</c>

00:38:24.230 --> 00:38:24.240 align:start position:0%
been designed to go to the space that
 

00:38:24.240 --> 00:38:24.630 align:start position:0%
been designed to go to the space that
was

00:38:24.630 --> 00:38:24.640 align:start position:0%
was
 

00:38:24.640 --> 00:38:27.190 align:start position:0%
was
going<00:38:24.720><c> to</c><00:38:24.800><c> go</c><00:38:24.880><c> to</c><00:38:25.040><c> the</c><00:38:25.119><c> space</c><00:38:25.359><c> station</c><00:38:26.720><c> but</c><00:38:27.040><c> at</c>

00:38:27.190 --> 00:38:27.200 align:start position:0%
going to go to the space station but at
 

00:38:27.200 --> 00:38:29.030 align:start position:0%
going to go to the space station but at
that<00:38:27.440><c> point</c>

00:38:29.030 --> 00:38:29.040 align:start position:0%
that point
 

00:38:29.040 --> 00:38:30.550 align:start position:0%
that point
the<00:38:29.200><c> space</c><00:38:29.440><c> station</c><00:38:29.760><c> was</c><00:38:29.920><c> going</c><00:38:30.160><c> through</c><00:38:30.400><c> some</c>

00:38:30.550 --> 00:38:30.560 align:start position:0%
the space station was going through some
 

00:38:30.560 --> 00:38:32.550 align:start position:0%
the space station was going through some
redesign<00:38:31.440><c> its</c>

00:38:32.550 --> 00:38:32.560 align:start position:0%
redesign its
 

00:38:32.560 --> 00:38:35.750 align:start position:0%
redesign its
assembly<00:38:33.680><c> was</c><00:38:34.160><c> being</c><00:38:34.400><c> moved</c>

00:38:35.750 --> 00:38:35.760 align:start position:0%
assembly was being moved
 

00:38:35.760 --> 00:38:37.829 align:start position:0%
assembly was being moved
scheduled<00:38:36.160><c> to</c><00:38:36.320><c> the</c><00:38:36.400><c> right</c><00:38:37.359><c> and</c><00:38:37.440><c> so</c><00:38:37.599><c> they</c>

00:38:37.829 --> 00:38:37.839 align:start position:0%
scheduled to the right and so they
 

00:38:37.839 --> 00:38:39.109 align:start position:0%
scheduled to the right and so they
decided<00:38:38.160><c> to</c><00:38:38.240><c> put</c><00:38:38.400><c> more</c><00:38:38.640><c> money</c>

00:38:39.109 --> 00:38:39.119 align:start position:0%
decided to put more money
 

00:38:39.119 --> 00:38:40.870 align:start position:0%
decided to put more money
into<00:38:39.440><c> the</c><00:38:39.760><c> construction</c><00:38:40.240><c> of</c><00:38:40.400><c> the</c><00:38:40.560><c> station</c>

00:38:40.870 --> 00:38:40.880 align:start position:0%
into the construction of the station
 

00:38:40.880 --> 00:38:42.950 align:start position:0%
into the construction of the station
itself<00:38:41.359><c> than</c>

00:38:42.950 --> 00:38:42.960 align:start position:0%
itself than
 

00:38:42.960 --> 00:38:46.310 align:start position:0%
itself than
robots<00:38:43.359><c> and</c><00:38:43.520><c> other</c><00:38:43.680><c> things</c><00:38:43.920><c> to</c><00:38:44.000><c> go</c><00:38:44.160><c> with</c><00:38:44.839><c> it</c>

00:38:46.310 --> 00:38:46.320 align:start position:0%
robots and other things to go with it
 

00:38:46.320 --> 00:38:48.470 align:start position:0%
robots and other things to go with it
at<00:38:46.480><c> that</c><00:38:46.720><c> point</c><00:38:47.200><c> i</c><00:38:47.280><c> think</c><00:38:47.440><c> the</c><00:38:47.599><c> space</c><00:38:47.839><c> station</c>

00:38:48.470 --> 00:38:48.480 align:start position:0%
at that point i think the space station
 

00:38:48.480 --> 00:38:51.349 align:start position:0%
at that point i think the space station
was<00:38:49.200><c> was</c>

00:38:51.349 --> 00:38:51.359 align:start position:0%
was was
 

00:38:51.359 --> 00:38:53.670 align:start position:0%
was was
scheduled<00:38:51.839><c> to</c><00:38:51.920><c> be</c><00:38:52.079><c> assembled</c><00:38:52.560><c> like</c><00:38:53.359><c> starting</c>

00:38:53.670 --> 00:38:53.680 align:start position:0%
scheduled to be assembled like starting
 

00:38:53.680 --> 00:38:55.750 align:start position:0%
scheduled to be assembled like starting
around<00:38:54.119><c> 94-95</c>

00:38:55.750 --> 00:38:55.760 align:start position:0%
around 94-95
 

00:38:55.760 --> 00:38:59.750 align:start position:0%
around 94-95
and<00:38:55.920><c> it</c><00:38:56.079><c> ended</c><00:38:56.320><c> up</c><00:38:56.400><c> being</c><00:38:57.599><c> much</c><00:38:57.920><c> later</c><00:38:58.240><c> in</c><00:38:58.320><c> the</c>

00:38:59.750 --> 00:38:59.760 align:start position:0%
and it ended up being much later in the
 

00:38:59.760 --> 00:39:03.030 align:start position:0%
and it ended up being much later in the
than<00:39:00.000><c> that</c><00:39:01.359><c> but</c><00:39:01.599><c> they</c><00:39:02.720><c> they</c><00:39:02.880><c> had</c><00:39:02.960><c> to</c>

00:39:03.030 --> 00:39:03.040 align:start position:0%
than that but they they had to
 

00:39:03.040 --> 00:39:04.870 align:start position:0%
than that but they they had to
reprioritize

00:39:04.870 --> 00:39:04.880 align:start position:0%
reprioritize
 

00:39:04.880 --> 00:39:09.510 align:start position:0%
reprioritize
and<00:39:05.680><c> it</c><00:39:05.920><c> fell</c><00:39:06.079><c> off</c><00:39:06.240><c> the</c><00:39:07.280><c> chopper</c>

00:39:09.510 --> 00:39:09.520 align:start position:0%
and it fell off the chopper
 

00:39:09.520 --> 00:39:11.510 align:start position:0%
and it fell off the chopper
and<00:39:09.760><c> before</c><00:39:10.079><c> we</c><00:39:10.240><c> go</c><00:39:10.400><c> to</c><00:39:10.560><c> the</c><00:39:10.640><c> robonaut</c><00:39:11.280><c> i</c><00:39:11.359><c> was</c>

00:39:11.510 --> 00:39:11.520 align:start position:0%
and before we go to the robonaut i was
 

00:39:11.520 --> 00:39:13.270 align:start position:0%
and before we go to the robonaut i was
also<00:39:11.839><c> curious</c><00:39:12.240><c> you</c><00:39:12.320><c> mentioned</c><00:39:12.640><c> in</c><00:39:12.800><c> your</c><00:39:12.960><c> first</c>

00:39:13.270 --> 00:39:13.280 align:start position:0%
also curious you mentioned in your first
 

00:39:13.280 --> 00:39:14.150 align:start position:0%
also curious you mentioned in your first
year

00:39:14.150 --> 00:39:14.160 align:start position:0%
year
 

00:39:14.160 --> 00:39:16.230 align:start position:0%
year
you<00:39:14.880><c> ended</c><00:39:15.200><c> up</c><00:39:15.280><c> meeting</c><00:39:15.520><c> a</c><00:39:15.599><c> lot</c><00:39:15.760><c> of</c><00:39:15.839><c> people</c><00:39:16.160><c> and</c>

00:39:16.230 --> 00:39:16.240 align:start position:0%
you ended up meeting a lot of people and
 

00:39:16.240 --> 00:39:17.750 align:start position:0%
you ended up meeting a lot of people and
going<00:39:16.480><c> to</c><00:39:16.560><c> a</c><00:39:16.560><c> lot</c><00:39:16.720><c> of</c><00:39:16.880><c> different</c><00:39:17.119><c> places</c><00:39:17.599><c> what</c>

00:39:17.750 --> 00:39:17.760 align:start position:0%
going to a lot of different places what
 

00:39:17.760 --> 00:39:18.710 align:start position:0%
going to a lot of different places what
were<00:39:18.000><c> some</c><00:39:18.160><c> of</c><00:39:18.320><c> the</c>

00:39:18.710 --> 00:39:18.720 align:start position:0%
were some of the
 

00:39:18.720 --> 00:39:21.349 align:start position:0%
were some of the
people<00:39:19.040><c> in</c><00:39:19.200><c> places</c><00:39:20.320><c> well</c><00:39:20.480><c> i</c><00:39:20.640><c> met</c><00:39:20.800><c> my</c><00:39:20.960><c> personal</c>

00:39:21.349 --> 00:39:21.359 align:start position:0%
people in places well i met my personal
 

00:39:21.359 --> 00:39:22.470 align:start position:0%
people in places well i met my personal
hero<00:39:21.680><c> red</c><00:39:21.920><c> whitaker</c>

00:39:22.470 --> 00:39:22.480 align:start position:0%
hero red whitaker
 

00:39:22.480 --> 00:39:25.190 align:start position:0%
hero red whitaker
carnegie<00:39:22.880><c> mellon</c><00:39:23.760><c> that</c><00:39:24.000><c> was</c><00:39:24.240><c> great</c><00:39:24.640><c> i</c><00:39:24.880><c> met</c><00:39:25.119><c> him</c>

00:39:25.190 --> 00:39:25.200 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon that was great i met him
 

00:39:25.200 --> 00:39:26.470 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon that was great i met him
a<00:39:25.280><c> couple</c><00:39:25.520><c> times</c><00:39:25.839><c> before</c>

00:39:26.470 --> 00:39:26.480 align:start position:0%
a couple times before
 

00:39:26.480 --> 00:39:29.030 align:start position:0%
a couple times before
but<00:39:26.640><c> i</c><00:39:26.720><c> had</c><00:39:26.800><c> never</c><00:39:27.040><c> gone</c><00:39:27.280><c> to</c><00:39:27.440><c> cmu</c><00:39:28.560><c> so</c><00:39:28.800><c> i</c><00:39:28.880><c> went</c>

00:39:29.030 --> 00:39:29.040 align:start position:0%
but i had never gone to cmu so i went
 

00:39:29.040 --> 00:39:30.390 align:start position:0%
but i had never gone to cmu so i went
there<00:39:29.280><c> for</c><00:39:29.359><c> a</c><00:39:29.440><c> couple</c><00:39:29.760><c> meetings</c>

00:39:30.390 --> 00:39:30.400 align:start position:0%
there for a couple meetings
 

00:39:30.400 --> 00:39:34.230 align:start position:0%
there for a couple meetings
and<00:39:30.560><c> you</c><00:39:30.720><c> know</c><00:39:30.880><c> red's</c><00:39:31.520><c> incredible</c><00:39:32.480><c> uh</c>

00:39:34.230 --> 00:39:34.240 align:start position:0%
and you know red's incredible uh
 

00:39:34.240 --> 00:39:36.230 align:start position:0%
and you know red's incredible uh
and<00:39:34.800><c> to</c><00:39:34.960><c> this</c><00:39:35.119><c> day</c><00:39:35.280><c> i</c><00:39:35.359><c> mean</c><00:39:35.520><c> a</c><00:39:35.599><c> lot</c><00:39:35.760><c> of</c><00:39:35.839><c> what</c>

00:39:36.230 --> 00:39:36.240 align:start position:0%
and to this day i mean a lot of what
 

00:39:36.240 --> 00:39:37.670 align:start position:0%
and to this day i mean a lot of what
we've<00:39:36.480><c> got</c><00:39:36.720><c> in</c><00:39:36.880><c> our</c><00:39:37.040><c> program</c>

00:39:37.670 --> 00:39:37.680 align:start position:0%
we've got in our program
 

00:39:37.680 --> 00:39:40.230 align:start position:0%
we've got in our program
john<00:39:37.920><c> space</c><00:39:38.240><c> center</c><00:39:38.640><c> is</c><00:39:39.280><c> is</c><00:39:39.440><c> based</c><00:39:39.760><c> on</c><00:39:39.839><c> what</c><00:39:40.000><c> i</c>

00:39:40.230 --> 00:39:40.240 align:start position:0%
john space center is is based on what i
 

00:39:40.240 --> 00:39:41.190 align:start position:0%
john space center is is based on what i
saw

00:39:41.190 --> 00:39:41.200 align:start position:0%
saw
 

00:39:41.200 --> 00:39:44.310 align:start position:0%
saw
as<00:39:41.839><c> the</c><00:39:41.920><c> right</c><00:39:42.160><c> way</c><00:39:42.320><c> to</c><00:39:42.400><c> do</c><00:39:42.640><c> things</c><00:39:42.880><c> at</c><00:39:43.040><c> cmu</c>

00:39:44.310 --> 00:39:44.320 align:start position:0%
as the right way to do things at cmu
 

00:39:44.320 --> 00:39:46.790 align:start position:0%
as the right way to do things at cmu
and<00:39:45.359><c> his</c><00:39:45.599><c> students</c><00:39:46.000><c> might</c><00:39:46.160><c> disagree</c><00:39:46.640><c> with</c>

00:39:46.790 --> 00:39:46.800 align:start position:0%
and his students might disagree with
 

00:39:46.800 --> 00:39:47.670 align:start position:0%
and his students might disagree with
that

00:39:47.670 --> 00:39:47.680 align:start position:0%
that
 

00:39:47.680 --> 00:39:49.990 align:start position:0%
that
but<00:39:48.320><c> they're</c><00:39:48.560><c> wrong</c><00:39:48.960><c> oh</c><00:39:49.200><c> the</c><00:39:49.280><c> way</c><00:39:49.440><c> he</c><00:39:49.599><c> does</c><00:39:49.839><c> it</c>

00:39:49.990 --> 00:39:50.000 align:start position:0%
but they're wrong oh the way he does it
 

00:39:50.000 --> 00:39:51.109 align:start position:0%
but they're wrong oh the way he does it
is<00:39:50.079><c> the</c><00:39:50.160><c> right</c><00:39:50.320><c> way</c><00:39:50.480><c> to</c><00:39:50.560><c> do</c><00:39:50.720><c> it</c>

00:39:51.109 --> 00:39:51.119 align:start position:0%
is the right way to do it
 

00:39:51.119 --> 00:39:52.790 align:start position:0%
is the right way to do it
and<00:39:51.520><c> sometimes</c><00:39:51.920><c> you</c><00:39:52.079><c> just</c><00:39:52.240><c> have</c><00:39:52.400><c> to</c><00:39:52.480><c> do</c><00:39:52.720><c> a</c>

00:39:52.790 --> 00:39:52.800 align:start position:0%
and sometimes you just have to do a
 

00:39:52.800 --> 00:39:55.990 align:start position:0%
and sometimes you just have to do a
100-day<00:39:53.680><c> death</c><00:39:53.920><c> march</c><00:39:54.240><c> to</c><00:39:54.400><c> be</c><00:39:54.839><c> successful</c><00:39:55.760><c> and</c>

00:39:55.990 --> 00:39:56.000 align:start position:0%
100-day death march to be successful and
 

00:39:56.000 --> 00:39:57.670 align:start position:0%
100-day death march to be successful and
he's<00:39:56.240><c> not</c><00:39:56.400><c> afraid</c><00:39:56.720><c> to</c><00:39:56.800><c> do</c><00:39:56.960><c> that</c><00:39:57.119><c> from</c><00:39:57.359><c> time</c><00:39:57.520><c> to</c>

00:39:57.670 --> 00:39:57.680 align:start position:0%
he's not afraid to do that from time to
 

00:39:57.680 --> 00:39:59.829 align:start position:0%
he's not afraid to do that from time to
time

00:39:59.829 --> 00:39:59.839 align:start position:0%
time
 

00:39:59.839 --> 00:40:03.510 align:start position:0%
time
he<00:40:00.079><c> also</c><00:40:01.040><c> has</c><00:40:01.280><c> a</c>

00:40:03.510 --> 00:40:03.520 align:start position:0%
he also has a
 

00:40:03.520 --> 00:40:06.550 align:start position:0%
he also has a
a<00:40:04.079><c> long-term</c><00:40:05.359><c> vision</c><00:40:05.760><c> for</c>

00:40:06.550 --> 00:40:06.560 align:start position:0%
a long-term vision for
 

00:40:06.560 --> 00:40:09.990 align:start position:0%
a long-term vision for
the<00:40:06.720><c> technology</c><00:40:08.160><c> doesn't</c><00:40:08.480><c> get</c><00:40:08.839><c> too</c>

00:40:09.990 --> 00:40:10.000 align:start position:0%
the technology doesn't get too
 

00:40:10.000 --> 00:40:13.109 align:start position:0%
the technology doesn't get too
lost<00:40:10.400><c> in</c><00:40:10.480><c> the</c><00:40:10.560><c> moment</c><00:40:11.280><c> he's</c><00:40:12.160><c> seen</c>

00:40:13.109 --> 00:40:13.119 align:start position:0%
lost in the moment he's seen
 

00:40:13.119 --> 00:40:16.870 align:start position:0%
lost in the moment he's seen
the<00:40:13.359><c> the</c><00:40:13.599><c> evolution</c><00:40:14.079><c> of</c>

00:40:16.870 --> 00:40:16.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:40:16.880 --> 00:40:19.430 align:start position:0%
 
the<00:40:17.040><c> profession</c><00:40:18.400><c> and</c><00:40:18.560><c> he</c><00:40:18.720><c> knows</c><00:40:18.960><c> where</c><00:40:19.119><c> we</c><00:40:19.280><c> are</c>

00:40:19.430 --> 00:40:19.440 align:start position:0%
the profession and he knows where we are
 

00:40:19.440 --> 00:40:20.630 align:start position:0%
the profession and he knows where we are
in<00:40:19.520><c> that</c><00:40:19.680><c> profession</c><00:40:20.240><c> and</c>

00:40:20.630 --> 00:40:20.640 align:start position:0%
in that profession and
 

00:40:20.640 --> 00:40:24.390 align:start position:0%
in that profession and
what<00:40:20.800><c> you</c><00:40:20.960><c> can</c><00:40:21.119><c> expect</c><00:40:21.760><c> as</c><00:40:22.839><c> improvements</c>

00:40:24.390 --> 00:40:24.400 align:start position:0%
what you can expect as improvements
 

00:40:24.400 --> 00:40:27.910 align:start position:0%
what you can expect as improvements
i<00:40:24.560><c> remember</c><00:40:26.880><c> i</c><00:40:27.040><c> was</c><00:40:27.119><c> talking</c><00:40:27.359><c> to</c><00:40:27.440><c> him</c><00:40:27.599><c> about</c>

00:40:27.910 --> 00:40:27.920 align:start position:0%
i remember i was talking to him about
 

00:40:27.920 --> 00:40:28.790 align:start position:0%
i remember i was talking to him about
students

00:40:28.790 --> 00:40:28.800 align:start position:0%
students
 

00:40:28.800 --> 00:40:31.670 align:start position:0%
students
and<00:40:28.960><c> yet</c><00:40:29.359><c> today's</c><00:40:30.800><c> students</c><00:40:31.200><c> coming</c><00:40:31.520><c> into</c>

00:40:31.670 --> 00:40:31.680 align:start position:0%
and yet today's students coming into
 

00:40:31.680 --> 00:40:33.190 align:start position:0%
and yet today's students coming into
robotics

00:40:33.190 --> 00:40:33.200 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:40:33.200 --> 00:40:35.990 align:start position:0%
robotics
are<00:40:33.520><c> so</c><00:40:33.680><c> much</c><00:40:34.000><c> better</c><00:40:35.119><c> than</c><00:40:35.280><c> they</c><00:40:35.440><c> were</c><00:40:35.760><c> even</c>

00:40:35.990 --> 00:40:36.000 align:start position:0%
are so much better than they were even
 

00:40:36.000 --> 00:40:36.790 align:start position:0%
are so much better than they were even
ascension<00:40:36.480><c> yet</c>

00:40:36.790 --> 00:40:36.800 align:start position:0%
ascension yet
 

00:40:36.800 --> 00:40:39.910 align:start position:0%
ascension yet
a<00:40:37.200><c> decade</c><00:40:37.520><c> ago</c>

00:40:39.910 --> 00:40:39.920 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:40:39.920 --> 00:40:41.910 align:start position:0%
 
he<00:40:40.000><c> said</c><00:40:40.160><c> yeah</c><00:40:40.480><c> it's</c><00:40:40.720><c> really</c><00:40:41.200><c> becoming</c><00:40:41.599><c> a</c><00:40:41.680><c> true</c>

00:40:41.910 --> 00:40:41.920 align:start position:0%
he said yeah it's really becoming a true
 

00:40:41.920 --> 00:40:44.150 align:start position:0%
he said yeah it's really becoming a true
profession

00:40:44.150 --> 00:40:44.160 align:start position:0%
profession
 

00:40:44.160 --> 00:40:46.870 align:start position:0%
profession
and<00:40:44.400><c> that</c><00:40:44.880><c> kind</c><00:40:45.040><c> of</c><00:40:45.119><c> hit</c><00:40:45.280><c> me</c><00:40:45.520><c> that</c><00:40:46.400><c> robotics</c>

00:40:46.870 --> 00:40:46.880 align:start position:0%
and that kind of hit me that robotics
 

00:40:46.880 --> 00:40:48.550 align:start position:0%
and that kind of hit me that robotics
was<00:40:47.119><c> of</c><00:40:47.200><c> the</c><00:40:47.359><c> turning</c><00:40:47.760><c> point</c>

00:40:48.550 --> 00:40:48.560 align:start position:0%
was of the turning point
 

00:40:48.560 --> 00:40:52.710 align:start position:0%
was of the turning point
going<00:40:49.040><c> from</c><00:40:50.160><c> kind</c><00:40:50.319><c> of</c><00:40:50.839><c> a</c><00:40:51.839><c> oddly</c><00:40:52.240><c> formed</c>

00:40:52.710 --> 00:40:52.720 align:start position:0%
going from kind of a oddly formed
 

00:40:52.720 --> 00:40:53.510 align:start position:0%
going from kind of a oddly formed
collection<00:40:53.200><c> of</c>

00:40:53.510 --> 00:40:53.520 align:start position:0%
collection of
 

00:40:53.520 --> 00:40:57.829 align:start position:0%
collection of
anecdotal<00:40:55.440><c> um</c><00:40:56.480><c> rules</c>

00:40:57.829 --> 00:40:57.839 align:start position:0%
anecdotal um rules
 

00:40:57.839 --> 00:41:00.950 align:start position:0%
anecdotal um rules
and<00:40:58.319><c> guidelines</c><00:40:59.760><c> and</c><00:41:00.160><c> truly</c><00:41:00.480><c> becoming</c><00:41:00.880><c> a</c>

00:41:00.950 --> 00:41:00.960 align:start position:0%
and guidelines and truly becoming a
 

00:41:00.960 --> 00:41:01.910 align:start position:0%
and guidelines and truly becoming a
profession

00:41:01.910 --> 00:41:01.920 align:start position:0%
profession
 

00:41:01.920 --> 00:41:04.870 align:start position:0%
profession
and<00:41:02.079><c> that</c><00:41:02.240><c> was</c><00:41:02.400><c> probably</c><00:41:02.880><c> late</c><00:41:03.200><c> 90s</c><00:41:03.599><c> when</c><00:41:03.760><c> i</c>

00:41:04.870 --> 00:41:04.880 align:start position:0%
and that was probably late 90s when i
 

00:41:04.880 --> 00:41:07.750 align:start position:0%
and that was probably late 90s when i
said<00:41:05.040><c> that</c><00:41:05.200><c> to</c><00:41:05.359><c> me</c><00:41:05.599><c> over</c>

00:41:07.750 --> 00:41:07.760 align:start position:0%
said that to me over
 

00:41:07.760 --> 00:41:11.270 align:start position:0%
said that to me over
the<00:41:07.920><c> adult</c><00:41:08.240><c> beverage</c><00:41:09.440><c> uh</c><00:41:10.640><c> and</c><00:41:10.800><c> it</c>

00:41:11.270 --> 00:41:11.280 align:start position:0%
the adult beverage uh and it
 

00:41:11.280 --> 00:41:13.510 align:start position:0%
the adult beverage uh and it
it's<00:41:11.680><c> it's</c><00:41:11.920><c> true</c><00:41:12.319><c> you</c><00:41:12.400><c> know</c><00:41:12.720><c> robotics</c><00:41:13.200><c> really</c>

00:41:13.510 --> 00:41:13.520 align:start position:0%
it's it's true you know robotics really
 

00:41:13.520 --> 00:41:17.349 align:start position:0%
it's it's true you know robotics really
has<00:41:13.680><c> matured</c><00:41:14.160><c> into</c><00:41:14.400><c> a</c><00:41:14.560><c> profession</c>

00:41:17.349 --> 00:41:17.359 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:41:17.359 --> 00:41:20.630 align:start position:0%
 
who<00:41:17.520><c> else</c><00:41:17.920><c> um</c><00:41:18.839><c> i</c>

00:41:20.630 --> 00:41:20.640 align:start position:0%
who else um i
 

00:41:20.640 --> 00:41:22.790 align:start position:0%
who else um i
met<00:41:20.880><c> a</c><00:41:20.960><c> lot</c><00:41:21.200><c> of</c><00:41:21.280><c> great</c><00:41:21.760><c> robotics</c><00:41:22.240><c> engineers</c><00:41:22.640><c> at</c>

00:41:22.790 --> 00:41:22.800 align:start position:0%
met a lot of great robotics engineers at
 

00:41:22.800 --> 00:41:24.790 align:start position:0%
met a lot of great robotics engineers at
jpl

00:41:24.790 --> 00:41:24.800 align:start position:0%
jpl
 

00:41:24.800 --> 00:41:28.309 align:start position:0%
jpl
guys<00:41:25.040><c> like</c><00:41:25.280><c> paul</c><00:41:25.520><c> shanker</c><00:41:26.640><c> and</c><00:41:26.800><c> samad</c><00:41:27.200><c> hayati</c>

00:41:28.309 --> 00:41:28.319 align:start position:0%
guys like paul shanker and samad hayati
 

00:41:28.319 --> 00:41:31.750 align:start position:0%
guys like paul shanker and samad hayati
brian<00:41:28.640><c> wilcox</c><00:41:29.760><c> just</c><00:41:30.560><c> incredible</c><00:41:31.200><c> robotics</c>

00:41:31.750 --> 00:41:31.760 align:start position:0%
brian wilcox just incredible robotics
 

00:41:31.760 --> 00:41:32.470 align:start position:0%
brian wilcox just incredible robotics
engineers

00:41:32.470 --> 00:41:32.480 align:start position:0%
engineers
 

00:41:32.480 --> 00:41:34.550 align:start position:0%
engineers
in<00:41:32.640><c> particular</c><00:41:33.119><c> for</c><00:41:33.280><c> me</c><00:41:33.599><c> space</c><00:41:34.000><c> robotics</c>

00:41:34.550 --> 00:41:34.560 align:start position:0%
in particular for me space robotics
 

00:41:34.560 --> 00:41:36.069 align:start position:0%
in particular for me space robotics
engineers

00:41:36.069 --> 00:41:36.079 align:start position:0%
engineers
 

00:41:36.079 --> 00:41:39.510 align:start position:0%
engineers
rich<00:41:36.400><c> folby</c><00:41:37.680><c> paul</c><00:41:37.920><c> bachus</c>

00:41:39.510 --> 00:41:39.520 align:start position:0%
rich folby paul bachus
 

00:41:39.520 --> 00:41:42.790 align:start position:0%
rich folby paul bachus
chuck<00:41:39.839><c> wiseman</c><00:41:40.640><c> some</c><00:41:41.280><c> great</c>

00:41:42.790 --> 00:41:42.800 align:start position:0%
chuck wiseman some great
 

00:41:42.800 --> 00:41:44.710 align:start position:0%
chuck wiseman some great
thinkers<00:41:43.520><c> in</c><00:41:43.599><c> the</c><00:41:43.680><c> field</c><00:41:44.000><c> of</c><00:41:44.079><c> robotics</c><00:41:44.640><c> and</c>

00:41:44.710 --> 00:41:44.720 align:start position:0%
thinkers in the field of robotics and
 

00:41:44.720 --> 00:41:46.829 align:start position:0%
thinkers in the field of robotics and
space<00:41:45.040><c> robotics</c>

00:41:46.829 --> 00:41:46.839 align:start position:0%
space robotics
 

00:41:46.839 --> 00:41:51.030 align:start position:0%
space robotics
um<00:41:48.880><c> a</c><00:41:49.680><c> pretty</c><00:41:49.920><c> good</c><00:41:50.079><c> guy</c><00:41:50.319><c> up</c><00:41:50.480><c> at</c><00:41:50.640><c> the</c><00:41:50.720><c> ames</c>

00:41:51.030 --> 00:41:51.040 align:start position:0%
um a pretty good guy up at the ames
 

00:41:51.040 --> 00:41:53.349 align:start position:0%
um a pretty good guy up at the ames
research<00:41:51.520><c> center</c><00:41:51.760><c> butler</c><00:41:52.160><c> hein</c>

00:41:53.349 --> 00:41:53.359 align:start position:0%
research center butler hein
 

00:41:53.359 --> 00:41:57.030 align:start position:0%
research center butler hein
and<00:41:55.440><c> then</c><00:41:55.920><c> universities</c><00:41:56.560><c> all</c><00:41:56.720><c> around</c><00:41:56.960><c> the</c>

00:41:57.030 --> 00:41:57.040 align:start position:0%
and then universities all around the
 

00:41:57.040 --> 00:41:58.390 align:start position:0%
and then universities all around the
country

00:41:58.390 --> 00:41:58.400 align:start position:0%
country
 

00:41:58.400 --> 00:42:01.670 align:start position:0%
country
uh<00:41:58.880><c> osama</c><00:41:59.359><c> catie</c><00:42:00.079><c> stanford</c><00:42:00.720><c> bob</c><00:42:00.960><c> cannon</c><00:42:01.359><c> is</c><00:42:01.440><c> 10</c>

00:42:01.670 --> 00:42:01.680 align:start position:0%
uh osama catie stanford bob cannon is 10
 

00:42:01.680 --> 00:42:02.309 align:start position:0%
uh osama catie stanford bob cannon is 10
for

00:42:02.309 --> 00:42:02.319 align:start position:0%
for
 

00:42:02.319 --> 00:42:06.069 align:start position:0%
for
retired<00:42:03.520><c> steve</c><00:42:03.920><c> rock</c><00:42:04.319><c> stanford</c>

00:42:06.069 --> 00:42:06.079 align:start position:0%
retired steve rock stanford
 

00:42:06.079 --> 00:42:09.990 align:start position:0%
retired steve rock stanford
a<00:42:06.160><c> number</c><00:42:06.400><c> of</c><00:42:07.119><c> uh</c><00:42:07.280><c> professors</c><00:42:08.240><c> at</c><00:42:08.400><c> mit</c><00:42:08.960><c> like</c>

00:42:09.990 --> 00:42:10.000 align:start position:0%
a number of uh professors at mit like
 

00:42:10.000 --> 00:42:15.589 align:start position:0%
a number of uh professors at mit like
steve<00:42:10.319><c> dubowski</c><00:42:11.200><c> and</c><00:42:11.520><c> rod</c><00:42:11.760><c> brooks</c><00:42:12.880><c> and</c><00:42:13.119><c> gil</c>

00:42:15.589 --> 00:42:15.599 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:15.599 --> 00:42:19.190 align:start position:0%
 
got pratt<00:42:15.920><c> meet</c><00:42:16.160><c> all</c><00:42:16.240><c> the</c><00:42:16.400><c> mark</c><00:42:16.720><c> raver</c>

00:42:19.190 --> 00:42:19.200 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:19.200 --> 00:42:23.589 align:start position:0%
 
just<00:42:19.520><c> great</c><00:42:21.280><c> robotics</c><00:42:21.760><c> researchers</c>

00:42:23.589 --> 00:42:23.599 align:start position:0%
just great robotics researchers
 

00:42:23.599 --> 00:42:26.790 align:start position:0%
just great robotics researchers
that<00:42:23.839><c> were</c><00:42:24.960><c> very</c><00:42:25.200><c> inspirational</c>

00:42:26.790 --> 00:42:26.800 align:start position:0%
that were very inspirational
 

00:42:26.800 --> 00:42:29.750 align:start position:0%
that were very inspirational
as<00:42:27.200><c> you</c><00:42:27.280><c> can</c><00:42:27.440><c> see</c><00:42:27.680><c> in</c><00:42:27.760><c> them</c><00:42:29.119><c> their</c><00:42:29.280><c> own</c><00:42:29.440><c> visions</c>

00:42:29.750 --> 00:42:29.760 align:start position:0%
as you can see in them their own visions
 

00:42:29.760 --> 00:42:29.990 align:start position:0%
as you can see in them their own visions
for

00:42:29.990 --> 00:42:30.000 align:start position:0%
for
 

00:42:30.000 --> 00:42:33.190 align:start position:0%
for
where<00:42:30.160><c> this</c><00:42:31.040><c> robotic</c><00:42:31.520><c> story</c><00:42:31.839><c> was</c><00:42:32.079><c> going</c>

00:42:33.190 --> 00:42:33.200 align:start position:0%
where this robotic story was going
 

00:42:33.200 --> 00:42:36.790 align:start position:0%
where this robotic story was going
and<00:42:34.240><c> they</c>

00:42:36.790 --> 00:42:36.800 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:36.800 --> 00:42:40.390 align:start position:0%
 
they<00:42:36.960><c> taught</c><00:42:37.119><c> me</c><00:42:37.280><c> a</c><00:42:37.359><c> lot</c>

00:42:40.390 --> 00:42:40.400 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:40.400 --> 00:42:42.950 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:42:40.560><c> so</c><00:42:40.800><c> how</c><00:42:40.960><c> did</c><00:42:41.200><c> all</c><00:42:41.359><c> of</c><00:42:41.440><c> this</c><00:42:41.760><c> the</c><00:42:42.319><c> then</c><00:42:42.720><c> feed</c>

00:42:42.950 --> 00:42:42.960 align:start position:0%
and so how did all of this the then feed
 

00:42:42.960 --> 00:42:43.510 align:start position:0%
and so how did all of this the then feed
into<00:42:43.200><c> the</c>

00:42:43.510 --> 00:42:43.520 align:start position:0%
into the
 

00:42:43.520 --> 00:42:45.910 align:start position:0%
into the
verbonaut<00:42:44.079><c> system</c><00:42:44.480><c> and</c><00:42:44.880><c> how</c><00:42:45.040><c> did</c><00:42:45.280><c> also</c><00:42:45.599><c> people</c>

00:42:45.910 --> 00:42:45.920 align:start position:0%
verbonaut system and how did also people
 

00:42:45.920 --> 00:42:47.270 align:start position:0%
verbonaut system and how did also people
decide<00:42:46.319><c> that</c><00:42:46.480><c> that</c><00:42:46.640><c> was</c><00:42:46.880><c> the</c>

00:42:47.270 --> 00:42:47.280 align:start position:0%
decide that that was the
 

00:42:47.280 --> 00:42:48.710 align:start position:0%
decide that that was the
the<00:42:47.440><c> kind</c><00:42:47.680><c> of</c><00:42:47.839><c> platform</c><00:42:48.319><c> that</c><00:42:48.400><c> they</c><00:42:48.560><c> were</c>

00:42:48.710 --> 00:42:48.720 align:start position:0%
the kind of platform that they were
 

00:42:48.720 --> 00:42:50.470 align:start position:0%
the kind of platform that they were
going<00:42:48.880><c> to</c><00:42:48.960><c> build</c><00:42:49.359><c> something</c><00:42:49.760><c> more</c>

00:42:50.470 --> 00:42:50.480 align:start position:0%
going to build something more
 

00:42:50.480 --> 00:42:55.109 align:start position:0%
going to build something more
humanoid<00:42:51.920><c> well</c><00:42:52.880><c> robonaut</c><00:42:53.520><c> started</c>

00:42:55.109 --> 00:42:55.119 align:start position:0%
humanoid well robonaut started
 

00:42:55.119 --> 00:42:58.630 align:start position:0%
humanoid well robonaut started
with<00:42:56.640><c> a</c><00:42:57.680><c> idea</c>

00:42:58.630 --> 00:42:58.640 align:start position:0%
with a idea
 

00:42:58.640 --> 00:43:02.550 align:start position:0%
with a idea
to<00:42:58.800><c> build</c><00:42:59.760><c> something</c><00:43:00.160><c> called</c><00:43:00.800><c> a</c><00:43:00.880><c> work</c><00:43:01.200><c> system</c>

00:43:02.550 --> 00:43:02.560 align:start position:0%
to build something called a work system
 

00:43:02.560 --> 00:43:05.829 align:start position:0%
to build something called a work system
and<00:43:02.880><c> it</c><00:43:03.040><c> was</c><00:43:03.599><c> an</c><00:43:03.760><c> idea</c><00:43:04.319><c> that</c><00:43:04.480><c> was</c><00:43:05.200><c> formulated</c>

00:43:05.829 --> 00:43:05.839 align:start position:0%
and it was an idea that was formulated
 

00:43:05.839 --> 00:43:07.589 align:start position:0%
and it was an idea that was formulated
by<00:43:06.000><c> a</c><00:43:06.160><c> guy</c><00:43:06.319><c> named</c><00:43:06.480><c> dave</c><00:43:06.800><c> lavery</c><00:43:07.200><c> at</c><00:43:07.280><c> nasa</c>

00:43:07.589 --> 00:43:07.599 align:start position:0%
by a guy named dave lavery at nasa
 

00:43:07.599 --> 00:43:08.710 align:start position:0%
by a guy named dave lavery at nasa
headquarters

00:43:08.710 --> 00:43:08.720 align:start position:0%
headquarters
 

00:43:08.720 --> 00:43:12.630 align:start position:0%
headquarters
and<00:43:08.880><c> charlie</c><00:43:09.280><c> price</c><00:43:11.280><c> they</c>

00:43:12.630 --> 00:43:12.640 align:start position:0%
and charlie price they
 

00:43:12.640 --> 00:43:15.349 align:start position:0%
and charlie price they
outlined<00:43:13.599><c> in</c><00:43:13.839><c> i</c><00:43:14.000><c> think</c><00:43:14.240><c> it</c><00:43:14.640><c> was</c><00:43:14.800><c> a</c><00:43:14.880><c> brief</c><00:43:15.119><c> white</c>

00:43:15.349 --> 00:43:15.359 align:start position:0%
outlined in i think it was a brief white
 

00:43:15.359 --> 00:43:16.470 align:start position:0%
outlined in i think it was a brief white
paper

00:43:16.470 --> 00:43:16.480 align:start position:0%
paper
 

00:43:16.480 --> 00:43:19.109 align:start position:0%
paper
three<00:43:17.200><c> levels</c><00:43:17.520><c> of</c><00:43:17.680><c> a</c><00:43:17.760><c> work</c><00:43:18.079><c> system</c><00:43:18.720><c> uh</c><00:43:18.960><c> the</c>

00:43:19.109 --> 00:43:19.119 align:start position:0%
three levels of a work system uh the
 

00:43:19.119 --> 00:43:20.790 align:start position:0%
three levels of a work system uh the
first<00:43:19.520><c> was</c>

00:43:20.790 --> 00:43:20.800 align:start position:0%
first was
 

00:43:20.800 --> 00:43:23.349 align:start position:0%
first was
something<00:43:21.119><c> that</c><00:43:21.280><c> could</c><00:43:21.520><c> fly</c><00:43:22.160><c> around</c><00:43:23.119><c> and</c>

00:43:23.349 --> 00:43:23.359 align:start position:0%
something that could fly around and
 

00:43:23.359 --> 00:43:25.670 align:start position:0%
something that could fly around and
again<00:43:23.680><c> very</c><00:43:23.920><c> focused</c><00:43:24.400><c> on</c><00:43:24.560><c> space</c><00:43:24.880><c> station</c><00:43:25.280><c> and</c>

00:43:25.670 --> 00:43:25.680 align:start position:0%
again very focused on space station and
 

00:43:25.680 --> 00:43:26.710 align:start position:0%
again very focused on space station and
working

00:43:26.710 --> 00:43:26.720 align:start position:0%
working
 

00:43:26.720 --> 00:43:29.349 align:start position:0%
working
in<00:43:26.960><c> a</c><00:43:27.119><c> microgravity</c><00:43:27.920><c> environment</c><00:43:28.560><c> with</c>

00:43:29.349 --> 00:43:29.359 align:start position:0%
in a microgravity environment with
 

00:43:29.359 --> 00:43:30.309 align:start position:0%
in a microgravity environment with
people

00:43:30.309 --> 00:43:30.319 align:start position:0%
people
 

00:43:30.319 --> 00:43:32.230 align:start position:0%
people
as<00:43:30.480><c> opposed</c><00:43:30.800><c> to</c><00:43:30.960><c> like</c><00:43:31.119><c> a</c><00:43:31.200><c> mars</c><00:43:31.520><c> rover</c><00:43:31.920><c> so</c><00:43:32.079><c> that</c>

00:43:32.230 --> 00:43:32.240 align:start position:0%
as opposed to like a mars rover so that
 

00:43:32.240 --> 00:43:35.349 align:start position:0%
as opposed to like a mars rover so that
team<00:43:32.480><c> was</c><00:43:32.720><c> very</c><00:43:32.880><c> focused</c><00:43:33.359><c> on</c>

00:43:35.349 --> 00:43:35.359 align:start position:0%
team was very focused on
 

00:43:35.359 --> 00:43:36.870 align:start position:0%
team was very focused on
supporting<00:43:35.839><c> human</c><00:43:36.160><c> space</c><00:43:36.480><c> flight</c><00:43:36.720><c> with</c>

00:43:36.870 --> 00:43:36.880 align:start position:0%
supporting human space flight with
 

00:43:36.880 --> 00:43:38.710 align:start position:0%
supporting human space flight with
robotics<00:43:38.160><c> and</c><00:43:38.319><c> they</c>

00:43:38.710 --> 00:43:38.720 align:start position:0%
robotics and they
 

00:43:38.720 --> 00:43:40.390 align:start position:0%
robotics and they
defined<00:43:39.119><c> three</c><00:43:39.280><c> levels</c><00:43:39.599><c> of</c><00:43:39.760><c> a</c><00:43:39.839><c> work</c><00:43:40.000><c> system</c>

00:43:40.390 --> 00:43:40.400 align:start position:0%
defined three levels of a work system
 

00:43:40.400 --> 00:43:42.069 align:start position:0%
defined three levels of a work system
one<00:43:40.560><c> was</c><00:43:40.720><c> a</c><00:43:40.880><c> free</c><00:43:41.119><c> flyer</c><00:43:41.520><c> that</c><00:43:41.680><c> could</c><00:43:41.839><c> just</c>

00:43:42.069 --> 00:43:42.079 align:start position:0%
one was a free flyer that could just
 

00:43:42.079 --> 00:43:42.870 align:start position:0%
one was a free flyer that could just
inspect

00:43:42.870 --> 00:43:42.880 align:start position:0%
inspect
 

00:43:42.880 --> 00:43:45.430 align:start position:0%
inspect
you<00:43:42.960><c> can</c><00:43:43.119><c> provide</c><00:43:43.599><c> camera</c><00:43:43.920><c> views</c><00:43:44.720><c> you</c><00:43:44.880><c> never</c>

00:43:45.430 --> 00:43:45.440 align:start position:0%
you can provide camera views you never
 

00:43:45.440 --> 00:43:47.109 align:start position:0%
you can provide camera views you never
have<00:43:45.599><c> a</c><00:43:45.680><c> camera</c><00:43:46.079><c> in</c><00:43:46.160><c> the</c><00:43:46.319><c> right</c><00:43:46.640><c> place</c>

00:43:47.109 --> 00:43:47.119 align:start position:0%
have a camera in the right place
 

00:43:47.119 --> 00:43:49.190 align:start position:0%
have a camera in the right place
you<00:43:47.359><c> always</c><00:43:47.599><c> want</c><00:43:47.760><c> it</c><00:43:47.839><c> somewhere</c><00:43:48.240><c> else</c>

00:43:49.190 --> 00:43:49.200 align:start position:0%
you always want it somewhere else
 

00:43:49.200 --> 00:43:50.950 align:start position:0%
you always want it somewhere else
looking<00:43:49.599><c> back</c><00:43:49.920><c> at</c><00:43:50.000><c> some</c><00:43:50.240><c> angle</c><00:43:50.560><c> that</c><00:43:50.640><c> you</c><00:43:50.800><c> just</c>

00:43:50.950 --> 00:43:50.960 align:start position:0%
looking back at some angle that you just
 

00:43:50.960 --> 00:43:52.230 align:start position:0%
looking back at some angle that you just
don't<00:43:51.280><c> get</c>

00:43:52.230 --> 00:43:52.240 align:start position:0%
don't get
 

00:43:52.240 --> 00:43:54.870 align:start position:0%
don't get
and<00:43:52.800><c> it</c><00:43:53.200><c> as</c><00:43:53.440><c> you're</c><00:43:53.599><c> working</c><00:43:54.079><c> you</c><00:43:54.319><c> always</c><00:43:54.560><c> want</c>

00:43:54.870 --> 00:43:54.880 align:start position:0%
and it as you're working you always want
 

00:43:54.880 --> 00:43:56.790 align:start position:0%
and it as you're working you always want
a<00:43:55.040><c> new</c><00:43:55.280><c> angle</c><00:43:55.680><c> on</c><00:43:55.760><c> a</c><00:43:55.839><c> new</c><00:43:56.079><c> camera</c><00:43:56.400><c> and</c><00:43:56.480><c> a</c><00:43:56.560><c> new</c>

00:43:56.790 --> 00:43:56.800 align:start position:0%
a new angle on a new camera and a new
 

00:43:56.800 --> 00:43:57.510 align:start position:0%
a new angle on a new camera and a new
place

00:43:57.510 --> 00:43:57.520 align:start position:0%
place
 

00:43:57.520 --> 00:43:59.589 align:start position:0%
place
so<00:43:57.680><c> being</c><00:43:57.920><c> able</c><00:43:58.079><c> to</c><00:43:58.240><c> have</c><00:43:58.400><c> a</c><00:43:58.480><c> flying</c><00:43:58.800><c> eyeball</c>

00:43:59.589 --> 00:43:59.599 align:start position:0%
so being able to have a flying eyeball
 

00:43:59.599 --> 00:44:00.630 align:start position:0%
so being able to have a flying eyeball
was

00:44:00.630 --> 00:44:00.640 align:start position:0%
was
 

00:44:00.640 --> 00:44:02.230 align:start position:0%
was
kind<00:44:00.800><c> of</c><00:44:00.880><c> a</c><00:44:00.960><c> minimal</c><00:44:01.359><c> functionality</c><00:44:02.160><c> it</c>

00:44:02.230 --> 00:44:02.240 align:start position:0%
kind of a minimal functionality it
 

00:44:02.240 --> 00:44:04.390 align:start position:0%
kind of a minimal functionality it
doesn't<00:44:02.400><c> have</c><00:44:02.560><c> to</c><00:44:02.640><c> do</c><00:44:03.280><c> a</c><00:44:03.359><c> lot</c><00:44:03.520><c> of</c><00:44:03.599><c> work</c>

00:44:04.390 --> 00:44:04.400 align:start position:0%
doesn't have to do a lot of work
 

00:44:04.400 --> 00:44:06.150 align:start position:0%
doesn't have to do a lot of work
it<00:44:04.560><c> just</c><00:44:04.720><c> needs</c><00:44:04.960><c> to</c><00:44:05.040><c> help</c><00:44:05.280><c> you</c><00:44:05.440><c> see</c><00:44:06.000><c> or</c>

00:44:06.150 --> 00:44:06.160 align:start position:0%
it just needs to help you see or
 

00:44:06.160 --> 00:44:07.990 align:start position:0%
it just needs to help you see or
perceive<00:44:06.720><c> maybe</c><00:44:06.880><c> not</c><00:44:07.119><c> even</c><00:44:07.359><c> cameras</c><00:44:07.760><c> maybe</c>

00:44:07.990 --> 00:44:08.000 align:start position:0%
perceive maybe not even cameras maybe
 

00:44:08.000 --> 00:44:10.870 align:start position:0%
perceive maybe not even cameras maybe
some<00:44:08.160><c> other</c><00:44:08.319><c> kind</c><00:44:08.400><c> of</c><00:44:08.480><c> sensors</c><00:44:09.680><c> um</c><00:44:10.560><c> we</c><00:44:10.720><c> built</c>

00:44:10.870 --> 00:44:10.880 align:start position:0%
some other kind of sensors um we built
 

00:44:10.880 --> 00:44:12.150 align:start position:0%
some other kind of sensors um we built
one<00:44:11.040><c> of</c><00:44:11.119><c> those</c><00:44:11.280><c> and</c><00:44:11.359><c> we</c><00:44:11.520><c> flew</c><00:44:11.839><c> it</c>

00:44:12.150 --> 00:44:12.160 align:start position:0%
one of those and we flew it
 

00:44:12.160 --> 00:44:15.349 align:start position:0%
one of those and we flew it
called<00:44:12.560><c> air</c><00:44:12.800><c> cam</c><00:44:13.599><c> but</c><00:44:13.920><c> the</c><00:44:14.160><c> original</c><00:44:14.560><c> name</c><00:44:14.880><c> was</c>

00:44:15.349 --> 00:44:15.359 align:start position:0%
called air cam but the original name was
 

00:44:15.359 --> 00:44:18.630 align:start position:0%
called air cam but the original name was
this<00:44:15.839><c> great</c><00:44:16.160><c> name</c><00:44:16.400><c> it</c><00:44:16.560><c> was</c><00:44:17.359><c> uh</c><00:44:17.599><c> ews</c>

00:44:18.630 --> 00:44:18.640 align:start position:0%
this great name it was uh ews
 

00:44:18.640 --> 00:44:21.510 align:start position:0%
this great name it was uh ews
number<00:44:18.960><c> one</c><00:44:20.160><c> uh</c><00:44:20.640><c> external</c><00:44:21.040><c> work</c><00:44:21.200><c> system</c>

00:44:21.510 --> 00:44:21.520 align:start position:0%
number one uh external work system
 

00:44:21.520 --> 00:44:22.710 align:start position:0%
number one uh external work system
number<00:44:21.760><c> one</c>

00:44:22.710 --> 00:44:22.720 align:start position:0%
number one
 

00:44:22.720 --> 00:44:26.150 align:start position:0%
number one
uh<00:44:24.880><c> as</c><00:44:25.119><c> kind</c><00:44:25.280><c> of</c><00:44:25.359><c> a</c><00:44:25.520><c> class</c>

00:44:26.150 --> 00:44:26.160 align:start position:0%
uh as kind of a class
 

00:44:26.160 --> 00:44:29.349 align:start position:0%
uh as kind of a class
robot<00:44:27.040><c> air</c><00:44:27.280><c> cam's</c><00:44:27.920><c> my</c><00:44:28.079><c> surname</c><00:44:29.040><c> uh</c>

00:44:29.349 --> 00:44:29.359 align:start position:0%
robot air cam's my surname uh
 

00:44:29.359 --> 00:44:33.190 align:start position:0%
robot air cam's my surname uh
ews2<00:44:30.160><c> we</c><00:44:30.319><c> didn't</c><00:44:30.480><c> build</c><00:44:31.040><c> but</c><00:44:31.599><c> um</c><00:44:32.160><c> it</c><00:44:32.319><c> was</c>

00:44:33.190 --> 00:44:33.200 align:start position:0%
ews2 we didn't build but um it was
 

00:44:33.200 --> 00:44:35.349 align:start position:0%
ews2 we didn't build but um it was
generally<00:44:33.599><c> regarded</c><00:44:34.000><c> as</c><00:44:34.160><c> a</c><00:44:34.240><c> mule</c><00:44:34.880><c> that</c><00:44:35.040><c> could</c>

00:44:35.349 --> 00:44:35.359 align:start position:0%
generally regarded as a mule that could
 

00:44:35.359 --> 00:44:37.030 align:start position:0%
generally regarded as a mule that could
move<00:44:36.160><c> up</c><00:44:36.400><c> near</c><00:44:36.720><c> you</c>

00:44:37.030 --> 00:44:37.040 align:start position:0%
move up near you
 

00:44:37.040 --> 00:44:39.109 align:start position:0%
move up near you
and<00:44:37.200><c> keep</c><00:44:37.440><c> stuff</c><00:44:37.839><c> for</c><00:44:38.079><c> you</c><00:44:38.319><c> and</c><00:44:38.640><c> you</c><00:44:38.720><c> could</c><00:44:38.880><c> use</c>

00:44:39.109 --> 00:44:39.119 align:start position:0%
and keep stuff for you and you could use
 

00:44:39.119 --> 00:44:40.550 align:start position:0%
and keep stuff for you and you could use
it<00:44:39.280><c> as</c><00:44:39.440><c> a</c>

00:44:40.550 --> 00:44:40.560 align:start position:0%
it as a
 

00:44:40.560 --> 00:44:44.309 align:start position:0%
it as a
mobile<00:44:40.880><c> workbench</c><00:44:41.920><c> or</c><00:44:42.160><c> a</c><00:44:43.280><c> mule</c><00:44:43.599><c> like</c><00:44:43.839><c> a</c><00:44:43.920><c> just</c>

00:44:44.309 --> 00:44:44.319 align:start position:0%
mobile workbench or a mule like a just
 

00:44:44.319 --> 00:44:47.030 align:start position:0%
mobile workbench or a mule like a just
pack<00:44:44.560><c> the</c><00:44:44.720><c> old</c><00:44:45.119><c> carry</c><00:44:45.680><c> stuff</c><00:44:45.920><c> for</c><00:44:46.079><c> you</c><00:44:46.800><c> so</c>

00:44:47.030 --> 00:44:47.040 align:start position:0%
pack the old carry stuff for you so
 

00:44:47.040 --> 00:44:48.150 align:start position:0%
pack the old carry stuff for you so
astronauts<00:44:47.599><c> are</c>

00:44:48.150 --> 00:44:48.160 align:start position:0%
astronauts are
 

00:44:48.160 --> 00:44:50.470 align:start position:0%
astronauts are
pretty<00:44:48.480><c> encumbered</c><00:44:48.960><c> with</c><00:44:49.280><c> what</c><00:44:49.440><c> they</c><00:44:49.680><c> carry</c>

00:44:50.470 --> 00:44:50.480 align:start position:0%
pretty encumbered with what they carry
 

00:44:50.480 --> 00:44:51.990 align:start position:0%
pretty encumbered with what they carry
having<00:44:50.720><c> to</c><00:44:50.800><c> use</c><00:44:50.960><c> their</c><00:44:51.119><c> hands</c><00:44:51.440><c> to</c><00:44:51.599><c> climb</c>

00:44:51.990 --> 00:44:52.000 align:start position:0%
having to use their hands to climb
 

00:44:52.000 --> 00:44:52.950 align:start position:0%
having to use their hands to climb
typically

00:44:52.950 --> 00:44:52.960 align:start position:0%
typically
 

00:44:52.960 --> 00:44:54.309 align:start position:0%
typically
so<00:44:53.119><c> they're</c><00:44:53.280><c> kind</c><00:44:53.359><c> of</c><00:44:53.520><c> out</c><00:44:53.680><c> of</c><00:44:53.760><c> hands</c><00:44:54.079><c> for</c>

00:44:54.309 --> 00:44:54.319 align:start position:0%
so they're kind of out of hands for
 

00:44:54.319 --> 00:44:57.990 align:start position:0%
so they're kind of out of hands for
carrying<00:44:55.440><c> stuff</c>

00:44:57.990 --> 00:44:58.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:44:58.000 --> 00:45:02.550 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:44:59.839><c> they're</c>

00:45:02.550 --> 00:45:02.560 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:45:02.560 --> 00:45:04.710 align:start position:0%
 
cognitively<00:45:03.200><c> challenged</c><00:45:03.760><c> climbing</c><00:45:04.480><c> because</c>

00:45:04.710 --> 00:45:04.720 align:start position:0%
cognitively challenged climbing because
 

00:45:04.720 --> 00:45:06.069 align:start position:0%
cognitively challenged climbing because
they're<00:45:04.880><c> in</c><00:45:04.960><c> a</c><00:45:05.040><c> spacesuit</c><00:45:05.599><c> and</c><00:45:05.680><c> they're</c><00:45:05.920><c> in</c>

00:45:06.069 --> 00:45:06.079 align:start position:0%
they're in a spacesuit and they're in
 

00:45:06.079 --> 00:45:07.190 align:start position:0%
they're in a spacesuit and they're in
free<00:45:06.240><c> food</c>

00:45:07.190 --> 00:45:07.200 align:start position:0%
free food
 

00:45:07.200 --> 00:45:09.109 align:start position:0%
free food
it's<00:45:07.359><c> kind</c><00:45:07.520><c> of</c><00:45:07.599><c> like</c><00:45:07.839><c> rock</c><00:45:08.079><c> climbing</c><00:45:08.960><c> where</c>

00:45:09.109 --> 00:45:09.119 align:start position:0%
it's kind of like rock climbing where
 

00:45:09.119 --> 00:45:11.589 align:start position:0%
it's kind of like rock climbing where
the<00:45:09.280><c> rock</c><00:45:09.520><c> is</c><00:45:09.760><c> falling</c>

00:45:11.589 --> 00:45:11.599 align:start position:0%
the rock is falling
 

00:45:11.599 --> 00:45:14.069 align:start position:0%
the rock is falling
in<00:45:12.160><c> in</c><00:45:12.319><c> free</c><00:45:12.560><c> fall</c><00:45:13.119><c> and</c><00:45:13.280><c> you</c><00:45:13.359><c> have</c><00:45:13.520><c> to</c><00:45:13.599><c> climb</c><00:45:13.920><c> in</c>

00:45:14.069 --> 00:45:14.079 align:start position:0%
in in free fall and you have to climb in
 

00:45:14.079 --> 00:45:14.790 align:start position:0%
in in free fall and you have to climb in
a<00:45:14.160><c> vacuum</c>

00:45:14.790 --> 00:45:14.800 align:start position:0%
a vacuum
 

00:45:14.800 --> 00:45:16.630 align:start position:0%
a vacuum
so<00:45:14.960><c> you're</c><00:45:15.119><c> wearing</c><00:45:15.359><c> a</c><00:45:15.520><c> suit</c><00:45:16.160><c> but</c><00:45:16.319><c> other</c><00:45:16.480><c> than</c>

00:45:16.630 --> 00:45:16.640 align:start position:0%
so you're wearing a suit but other than
 

00:45:16.640 --> 00:45:18.550 align:start position:0%
so you're wearing a suit but other than
that<00:45:16.800><c> it's</c><00:45:16.960><c> pretty</c><00:45:17.200><c> easy</c>

00:45:18.550 --> 00:45:18.560 align:start position:0%
that it's pretty easy
 

00:45:18.560 --> 00:45:22.309 align:start position:0%
that it's pretty easy
so<00:45:18.880><c> since</c><00:45:19.119><c> they're</c><00:45:19.440><c> challenged</c><00:45:20.319><c> they</c><00:45:20.640><c> um</c>

00:45:22.309 --> 00:45:22.319 align:start position:0%
so since they're challenged they um
 

00:45:22.319 --> 00:45:24.069 align:start position:0%
so since they're challenged they um
wanted<00:45:22.960><c> something</c><00:45:23.280><c> that</c><00:45:23.359><c> could</c><00:45:23.520><c> carry</c><00:45:23.839><c> stuff</c>

00:45:24.069 --> 00:45:24.079 align:start position:0%
wanted something that could carry stuff
 

00:45:24.079 --> 00:45:25.349 align:start position:0%
wanted something that could carry stuff
for<00:45:24.240><c> them</c><00:45:24.480><c> so</c><00:45:24.640><c> they</c><00:45:24.720><c> could</c><00:45:24.880><c> focus</c><00:45:25.280><c> on</c>

00:45:25.349 --> 00:45:25.359 align:start position:0%
for them so they could focus on
 

00:45:25.359 --> 00:45:27.190 align:start position:0%
for them so they could focus on
themselves<00:45:25.920><c> not</c><00:45:26.079><c> have</c><00:45:26.240><c> to</c><00:45:26.400><c> carry</c>

00:45:27.190 --> 00:45:27.200 align:start position:0%
themselves not have to carry
 

00:45:27.200 --> 00:45:29.510 align:start position:0%
themselves not have to carry
equipment<00:45:28.160><c> we</c><00:45:28.319><c> never</c><00:45:28.560><c> built</c><00:45:28.720><c> one</c><00:45:28.880><c> of</c><00:45:28.960><c> those</c>

00:45:29.510 --> 00:45:29.520 align:start position:0%
equipment we never built one of those
 

00:45:29.520 --> 00:45:30.630 align:start position:0%
equipment we never built one of those
but

00:45:30.630 --> 00:45:30.640 align:start position:0%
but
 

00:45:30.640 --> 00:45:33.829 align:start position:0%
but
it<00:45:30.800><c> was</c><00:45:31.280><c> a</c><00:45:31.359><c> good</c><00:45:31.599><c> class</c><00:45:31.920><c> of</c><00:45:32.079><c> a</c><00:45:32.480><c> machine</c><00:45:32.880><c> and</c>

00:45:33.829 --> 00:45:33.839 align:start position:0%
it was a good class of a machine and
 

00:45:33.839 --> 00:45:37.109 align:start position:0%
it was a good class of a machine and
uh<00:45:34.359><c> ews3</c><00:45:36.079><c> external</c><00:45:36.400><c> work</c><00:45:36.640><c> system</c><00:45:36.880><c> number</c>

00:45:37.109 --> 00:45:37.119 align:start position:0%
uh ews3 external work system number
 

00:45:37.119 --> 00:45:38.470 align:start position:0%
uh ews3 external work system number
three<00:45:37.359><c> was</c><00:45:37.520><c> one</c><00:45:37.760><c> that</c><00:45:37.839><c> could</c><00:45:38.000><c> actually</c><00:45:38.240><c> do</c>

00:45:38.470 --> 00:45:38.480 align:start position:0%
three was one that could actually do
 

00:45:38.480 --> 00:45:39.349 align:start position:0%
three was one that could actually do
work

00:45:39.349 --> 00:45:39.359 align:start position:0%
work
 

00:45:39.359 --> 00:45:42.950 align:start position:0%
work
so<00:45:39.680><c> it</c><00:45:39.839><c> could</c><00:45:40.000><c> work</c><00:45:40.240><c> with</c><00:45:40.480><c> the</c><00:45:40.640><c> astronaut</c>

00:45:42.950 --> 00:45:42.960 align:start position:0%
so it could work with the astronaut
 

00:45:42.960 --> 00:45:44.550 align:start position:0%
so it could work with the astronaut
very<00:45:43.200><c> likely</c><00:45:43.680><c> in</c><00:45:43.760><c> kind</c><00:45:43.920><c> of</c><00:45:44.000><c> a</c><00:45:44.079><c> junior</c>

00:45:44.550 --> 00:45:44.560 align:start position:0%
very likely in kind of a junior
 

00:45:44.560 --> 00:45:46.550 align:start position:0%
very likely in kind of a junior
apprentice<00:45:45.040><c> role</c><00:45:45.359><c> or</c><00:45:45.520><c> an</c><00:45:45.680><c> assistant</c>

00:45:46.550 --> 00:45:46.560 align:start position:0%
apprentice role or an assistant
 

00:45:46.560 --> 00:45:48.550 align:start position:0%
apprentice role or an assistant
and<00:45:46.640><c> then</c><00:45:46.800><c> when</c><00:45:46.960><c> the</c><00:45:47.040><c> astronaut</c><00:45:47.520><c> would</c><00:45:47.680><c> go</c><00:45:47.920><c> in</c>

00:45:48.550 --> 00:45:48.560 align:start position:0%
and then when the astronaut would go in
 

00:45:48.560 --> 00:45:49.990 align:start position:0%
and then when the astronaut would go in
they<00:45:48.720><c> could</c><00:45:48.880><c> keep</c><00:45:49.119><c> working</c><00:45:49.520><c> and</c>

00:45:49.990 --> 00:45:50.000 align:start position:0%
they could keep working and
 

00:45:50.000 --> 00:45:53.109 align:start position:0%
they could keep working and
maybe<00:45:50.319><c> work</c><00:45:50.800><c> in</c><00:45:51.040><c> some</c><00:45:51.680><c> level</c><00:45:52.560><c> you</c><00:45:52.640><c> know</c><00:45:52.800><c> not</c><00:45:52.960><c> as</c>

00:45:53.109 --> 00:45:53.119 align:start position:0%
maybe work in some level you know not as
 

00:45:53.119 --> 00:45:54.950 align:start position:0%
maybe work in some level you know not as
good<00:45:53.280><c> as</c><00:45:53.440><c> an</c><00:45:53.599><c> astronaut</c><00:45:54.160><c> but</c>

00:45:54.950 --> 00:45:54.960 align:start position:0%
good as an astronaut but
 

00:45:54.960 --> 00:45:56.550 align:start position:0%
good as an astronaut but
it's<00:45:55.200><c> out</c><00:45:55.359><c> that's</c><00:45:55.599><c> persistent</c><00:45:56.160><c> it</c><00:45:56.240><c> could</c><00:45:56.400><c> stay</c>

00:45:56.550 --> 00:45:56.560 align:start position:0%
it's out that's persistent it could stay
 

00:45:56.560 --> 00:45:59.190 align:start position:0%
it's out that's persistent it could stay
out<00:45:57.520><c> all</c><00:45:57.680><c> day</c><00:45:57.839><c> long</c><00:45:58.240><c> and</c>

00:45:59.190 --> 00:45:59.200 align:start position:0%
out all day long and
 

00:45:59.200 --> 00:46:03.990 align:start position:0%
out all day long and
you<00:45:59.359><c> could</c><00:45:59.440><c> leave</c><00:45:59.680><c> it</c><00:45:59.839><c> behind</c><00:46:01.040><c> and</c>

00:46:03.990 --> 00:46:04.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:46:04.000 --> 00:46:07.030 align:start position:0%
 
that<00:46:04.800><c> was</c><00:46:05.200><c> the</c><00:46:05.680><c> kind</c><00:46:05.839><c> of</c><00:46:06.000><c> niche</c><00:46:06.720><c> that</c><00:46:06.880><c> we</c>

00:46:07.030 --> 00:46:07.040 align:start position:0%
that was the kind of niche that we
 

00:46:07.040 --> 00:46:07.750 align:start position:0%
that was the kind of niche that we
targeted

00:46:07.750 --> 00:46:07.760 align:start position:0%
targeted
 

00:46:07.760 --> 00:46:09.990 align:start position:0%
targeted
uh<00:46:08.000><c> robin</c><00:46:08.319><c> up</c><00:46:08.480><c> for</c><00:46:09.200><c> now</c><00:46:09.440><c> we</c><00:46:09.599><c> didn't</c><00:46:09.760><c> call</c><00:46:09.920><c> it</c>

00:46:09.990 --> 00:46:10.000 align:start position:0%
uh robin up for now we didn't call it
 

00:46:10.000 --> 00:46:11.990 align:start position:0%
uh robin up for now we didn't call it
robot<00:46:10.400><c> i</c><00:46:10.480><c> went</c><00:46:10.640><c> through</c><00:46:10.720><c> a</c><00:46:10.800><c> bunch</c><00:46:11.040><c> of</c>

00:46:11.990 --> 00:46:12.000 align:start position:0%
robot i went through a bunch of
 

00:46:12.000 --> 00:46:15.190 align:start position:0%
robot i went through a bunch of
renames<00:46:13.599><c> you</c><00:46:13.760><c> know</c>

00:46:15.190 --> 00:46:15.200 align:start position:0%
renames you know
 

00:46:15.200 --> 00:46:17.750 align:start position:0%
renames you know
but<00:46:15.520><c> after</c><00:46:15.839><c> a</c><00:46:16.000><c> couple</c><00:46:16.240><c> of</c><00:46:16.319><c> years</c><00:46:16.560><c> by</c><00:46:16.720><c> about</c><00:46:16.960><c> 98</c>

00:46:17.750 --> 00:46:17.760 align:start position:0%
but after a couple of years by about 98
 

00:46:17.760 --> 00:46:19.109 align:start position:0%
but after a couple of years by about 98
we<00:46:17.920><c> called</c><00:46:18.160><c> it</c><00:46:18.240><c> robonaut</c>

00:46:19.109 --> 00:46:19.119 align:start position:0%
we called it robonaut
 

00:46:19.119 --> 00:46:22.309 align:start position:0%
we called it robonaut
didn't<00:46:19.359><c> exist</c><00:46:21.200><c> there</c><00:46:21.359><c> was</c><00:46:21.599><c> none</c>

00:46:22.309 --> 00:46:22.319 align:start position:0%
didn't exist there was none
 

00:46:22.319 --> 00:46:24.230 align:start position:0%
didn't exist there was none
built<00:46:22.800><c> at</c><00:46:22.880><c> that</c><00:46:23.040><c> point</c><00:46:23.440><c> but</c><00:46:23.680><c> after</c><00:46:23.839><c> a</c><00:46:24.000><c> couple</c>

00:46:24.230 --> 00:46:24.240 align:start position:0%
built at that point but after a couple
 

00:46:24.240 --> 00:46:26.150 align:start position:0%
built at that point but after a couple
years<00:46:24.640><c> we</c><00:46:24.800><c> had</c>

00:46:26.150 --> 00:46:26.160 align:start position:0%
years we had
 

00:46:26.160 --> 00:46:30.309 align:start position:0%
years we had
pieces<00:46:26.839><c> together</c><00:46:28.000><c> and</c>

00:46:30.309 --> 00:46:30.319 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:46:30.319 --> 00:46:32.710 align:start position:0%
 
i<00:46:30.480><c> became</c><00:46:30.800><c> the</c><00:46:30.880><c> robonaut</c><00:46:31.280><c> project</c><00:46:31.680><c> leader</c><00:46:32.319><c> in</c>

00:46:32.710 --> 00:46:32.720 align:start position:0%
i became the robonaut project leader in
 

00:46:32.720 --> 00:46:34.870 align:start position:0%
i became the robonaut project leader in
august<00:46:33.200><c> of</c><00:46:33.440><c> 99.</c>

00:46:34.870 --> 00:46:34.880 align:start position:0%
august of 99.
 

00:46:34.880 --> 00:46:35.990 align:start position:0%
august of 99.
at<00:46:34.960><c> that</c><00:46:35.119><c> point</c><00:46:35.359><c> we</c><00:46:35.440><c> still</c><00:46:35.599><c> didn't</c><00:46:35.839><c> have</c><00:46:35.920><c> a</c>

00:46:35.990 --> 00:46:36.000 align:start position:0%
at that point we still didn't have a
 

00:46:36.000 --> 00:46:38.550 align:start position:0%
at that point we still didn't have a
robonaut<00:46:37.040><c> but</c><00:46:37.280><c> we</c><00:46:37.440><c> had</c>

00:46:38.550 --> 00:46:38.560 align:start position:0%
robonaut but we had
 

00:46:38.560 --> 00:46:42.069 align:start position:0%
robonaut but we had
a<00:46:39.119><c> hand</c><00:46:40.720><c> and</c><00:46:41.119><c> we</c><00:46:41.359><c> had</c>

00:46:42.069 --> 00:46:42.079 align:start position:0%
a hand and we had
 

00:46:42.079 --> 00:46:45.990 align:start position:0%
a hand and we had
an<00:46:42.319><c> arm</c><00:46:43.839><c> and</c><00:46:44.960><c> uh</c>

00:46:45.990 --> 00:46:46.000 align:start position:0%
an arm and uh
 

00:46:46.000 --> 00:46:48.069 align:start position:0%
an arm and uh
we're<00:46:46.240><c> running</c><00:46:46.560><c> out</c><00:46:46.640><c> of</c><00:46:46.800><c> time</c><00:46:47.520><c> so</c><00:46:47.680><c> it</c><00:46:47.760><c> was</c><00:46:47.920><c> kind</c>

00:46:48.069 --> 00:46:48.079 align:start position:0%
we're running out of time so it was kind
 

00:46:48.079 --> 00:46:51.510 align:start position:0%
we're running out of time so it was kind
of<00:46:48.240><c> a</c><00:46:48.319><c> critical</c><00:46:48.720><c> moment</c>

00:46:51.510 --> 00:46:51.520 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:46:51.520 --> 00:46:54.790 align:start position:0%
 
i'd<00:46:51.760><c> been</c><00:46:51.920><c> the</c><00:46:52.160><c> arm</c><00:46:52.400><c> sub</c><00:46:52.640><c> system</c><00:46:52.960><c> lead</c><00:46:53.839><c> and</c>

00:46:54.790 --> 00:46:54.800 align:start position:0%
i'd been the arm sub system lead and
 

00:46:54.800 --> 00:46:58.069 align:start position:0%
i'd been the arm sub system lead and
i've<00:46:55.040><c> built</c><00:46:55.280><c> the</c><00:46:55.760><c> manipulator</c><00:46:57.040><c> down</c><00:46:57.280><c> to</c><00:46:57.440><c> about</c>

00:46:58.069 --> 00:46:58.079 align:start position:0%
i've built the manipulator down to about
 

00:46:58.079 --> 00:47:01.990 align:start position:0%
i've built the manipulator down to about
right<00:46:58.240><c> here</c><00:47:00.240><c> based</c><00:47:00.480><c> on</c><00:47:00.560><c> some</c><00:47:00.720><c> of</c><00:47:00.880><c> those</c>

00:47:01.990 --> 00:47:02.000 align:start position:0%
right here based on some of those
 

00:47:02.000 --> 00:47:03.589 align:start position:0%
right here based on some of those
experiments<00:47:02.640><c> that</c><00:47:02.800><c> i've</c><00:47:02.880><c> done</c><00:47:03.119><c> early</c><00:47:03.359><c> in</c><00:47:03.440><c> my</c>

00:47:03.589 --> 00:47:03.599 align:start position:0%
experiments that i've done early in my
 

00:47:03.599 --> 00:47:05.030 align:start position:0%
experiments that i've done early in my
career

00:47:05.030 --> 00:47:05.040 align:start position:0%
career
 

00:47:05.040 --> 00:47:09.030 align:start position:0%
career
and<00:47:08.000><c> we</c>

00:47:09.030 --> 00:47:09.040 align:start position:0%
and we
 

00:47:09.040 --> 00:47:11.190 align:start position:0%
and we
we<00:47:09.280><c> really</c><00:47:09.440><c> needed</c><00:47:09.680><c> to</c><00:47:09.760><c> put</c><00:47:09.920><c> it</c><00:47:10.000><c> together</c><00:47:10.480><c> so</c><00:47:10.720><c> i</c>

00:47:11.190 --> 00:47:11.200 align:start position:0%
we really needed to put it together so i
 

00:47:11.200 --> 00:47:12.069 align:start position:0%
we really needed to put it together so i
i

00:47:12.069 --> 00:47:12.079 align:start position:0%
i
 

00:47:12.079 --> 00:47:14.950 align:start position:0%
i
challenged<00:47:12.560><c> the</c><00:47:12.640><c> team</c><00:47:12.960><c> to</c><00:47:14.400><c> let's</c><00:47:14.640><c> get</c><00:47:14.800><c> this</c>

00:47:14.950 --> 00:47:14.960 align:start position:0%
challenged the team to let's get this
 

00:47:14.960 --> 00:47:16.470 align:start position:0%
challenged the team to let's get this
thing<00:47:15.200><c> together</c>

00:47:16.470 --> 00:47:16.480 align:start position:0%
thing together
 

00:47:16.480 --> 00:47:20.069 align:start position:0%
thing together
i<00:47:17.359><c> knocked</c><00:47:17.680><c> out</c><00:47:17.760><c> a</c><00:47:17.920><c> neck</c><00:47:18.400><c> pretty</c><00:47:18.720><c> quickly</c>

00:47:20.069 --> 00:47:20.079 align:start position:0%
i knocked out a neck pretty quickly
 

00:47:20.079 --> 00:47:24.309 align:start position:0%
i knocked out a neck pretty quickly
uh<00:47:20.480><c> with</c><00:47:20.720><c> a</c><00:47:20.800><c> head</c><00:47:21.280><c> with</c><00:47:21.440><c> some</c><00:47:21.599><c> cameras</c><00:47:22.960><c> and</c>

00:47:24.309 --> 00:47:24.319 align:start position:0%
uh with a head with some cameras and
 

00:47:24.319 --> 00:47:27.190 align:start position:0%
uh with a head with some cameras and
we<00:47:24.720><c> put</c><00:47:24.960><c> the</c><00:47:25.920><c> the</c><00:47:26.079><c> head</c><00:47:26.319><c> subsystem</c><00:47:26.880><c> the</c><00:47:27.040><c> arm</c>

00:47:27.190 --> 00:47:27.200 align:start position:0%
we put the the head subsystem the arm
 

00:47:27.200 --> 00:47:28.549 align:start position:0%
we put the the head subsystem the arm
subsystem<00:47:27.680><c> and</c><00:47:27.760><c> the</c><00:47:27.839><c> handsome</c><00:47:28.240><c> system</c>

00:47:28.549 --> 00:47:28.559 align:start position:0%
subsystem and the handsome system
 

00:47:28.559 --> 00:47:29.829 align:start position:0%
subsystem and the handsome system
together

00:47:29.829 --> 00:47:29.839 align:start position:0%
together
 

00:47:29.839 --> 00:47:33.109 align:start position:0%
together
and<00:47:31.200><c> i</c><00:47:31.280><c> remember</c><00:47:31.760><c> the</c><00:47:32.000><c> first</c><00:47:32.319><c> day</c>

00:47:33.109 --> 00:47:33.119 align:start position:0%
and i remember the first day
 

00:47:33.119 --> 00:47:36.829 align:start position:0%
and i remember the first day
we<00:47:33.680><c> we</c><00:47:33.839><c> turned</c><00:47:34.079><c> it</c><00:47:34.240><c> on</c><00:47:35.440><c> and</c><00:47:35.920><c> we</c><00:47:36.079><c> had</c><00:47:36.240><c> a</c>

00:47:36.829 --> 00:47:36.839 align:start position:0%
we we turned it on and we had a
 

00:47:36.839 --> 00:47:38.710 align:start position:0%
we we turned it on and we had a
teleoperator

00:47:38.710 --> 00:47:38.720 align:start position:0%
teleoperator
 

00:47:38.720 --> 00:47:39.829 align:start position:0%
teleoperator
we<00:47:38.880><c> decided</c><00:47:39.200><c> we</c><00:47:39.280><c> were</c><00:47:39.359><c> going</c><00:47:39.440><c> to</c><00:47:39.520><c> start</c><00:47:39.680><c> with</c>

00:47:39.829 --> 00:47:39.839 align:start position:0%
we decided we were going to start with
 

00:47:39.839 --> 00:47:42.230 align:start position:0%
we decided we were going to start with
teleoperation<00:47:40.559><c> because</c><00:47:40.800><c> we</c><00:47:40.960><c> could</c>

00:47:42.230 --> 00:47:42.240 align:start position:0%
teleoperation because we could
 

00:47:42.240 --> 00:47:45.750 align:start position:0%
teleoperation because we could
and<00:47:42.559><c> the</c><00:47:42.720><c> teleoperator</c><00:47:43.359><c> put</c><00:47:43.520><c> on</c><00:47:44.240><c> a</c><00:47:44.400><c> vr</c><00:47:44.800><c> helmet</c>

00:47:45.750 --> 00:47:45.760 align:start position:0%
and the teleoperator put on a vr helmet
 

00:47:45.760 --> 00:47:48.790 align:start position:0%
and the teleoperator put on a vr helmet
same<00:47:46.000><c> helmet</c><00:47:46.319><c> we</c><00:47:46.480><c> were</c><00:47:46.559><c> using</c><00:47:46.800><c> the</c><00:47:46.960><c> command</c><00:47:47.440><c> to</c>

00:47:48.790 --> 00:47:48.800 align:start position:0%
same helmet we were using the command to
 

00:47:48.800 --> 00:47:51.910 align:start position:0%
same helmet we were using the command to
command<00:47:49.119><c> another</c><00:47:49.359><c> robot</c><00:47:49.680><c> we</c><00:47:49.839><c> built</c><00:47:50.319><c> and</c><00:47:51.520><c> to</c><00:47:51.680><c> do</c>

00:47:51.910 --> 00:47:51.920 align:start position:0%
command another robot we built and to do
 

00:47:51.920 --> 00:47:53.750 align:start position:0%
command another robot we built and to do
vr<00:47:52.319><c> training</c><00:47:52.640><c> for</c><00:47:52.800><c> the</c><00:47:52.880><c> astronauts</c>

00:47:53.750 --> 00:47:53.760 align:start position:0%
vr training for the astronauts
 

00:47:53.760 --> 00:47:57.589 align:start position:0%
vr training for the astronauts
gloves<00:47:54.880><c> and</c><00:47:55.359><c> a</c><00:47:55.440><c> helmet</c><00:47:56.720><c> and</c><00:47:56.960><c> we</c><00:47:57.119><c> had</c><00:47:57.280><c> a</c>

00:47:57.589 --> 00:47:57.599 align:start position:0%
gloves and a helmet and we had a
 

00:47:57.599 --> 00:48:00.309 align:start position:0%
gloves and a helmet and we had a
guy<00:47:57.839><c> put</c><00:47:58.000><c> that</c><00:47:58.240><c> on</c><00:47:59.200><c> turn</c><00:47:59.440><c> the</c><00:47:59.520><c> robot</c><00:47:59.920><c> on</c><00:48:00.160><c> and</c>

00:48:00.309 --> 00:48:00.319 align:start position:0%
guy put that on turn the robot on and
 

00:48:00.319 --> 00:48:02.150 align:start position:0%
guy put that on turn the robot on and
you<00:48:00.480><c> reach</c><00:48:00.720><c> out</c><00:48:00.960><c> and</c><00:48:01.119><c> grab</c><00:48:01.520><c> something</c><00:48:01.920><c> just</c>

00:48:02.150 --> 00:48:02.160 align:start position:0%
you reach out and grab something just
 

00:48:02.160 --> 00:48:04.470 align:start position:0%
you reach out and grab something just
perfectly<00:48:02.720><c> the</c><00:48:02.880><c> first</c><00:48:03.200><c> time</c>

00:48:04.470 --> 00:48:04.480 align:start position:0%
perfectly the first time
 

00:48:04.480 --> 00:48:07.109 align:start position:0%
perfectly the first time
i<00:48:04.800><c> said</c><00:48:04.960><c> okay</c><00:48:05.359><c> we</c><00:48:05.440><c> got</c><00:48:05.599><c> something</c><00:48:05.920><c> here</c>

00:48:07.109 --> 00:48:07.119 align:start position:0%
i said okay we got something here
 

00:48:07.119 --> 00:48:08.630 align:start position:0%
i said okay we got something here
reaching<00:48:07.440><c> out</c><00:48:07.599><c> and</c><00:48:07.760><c> grabbing</c>

00:48:08.630 --> 00:48:08.640 align:start position:0%
reaching out and grabbing
 

00:48:08.640 --> 00:48:12.549 align:start position:0%
reaching out and grabbing
uh<00:48:08.880><c> a</c><00:48:09.040><c> tool</c><00:48:10.800><c> and</c><00:48:11.200><c> getting</c><00:48:11.520><c> it</c><00:48:11.680><c> in</c><00:48:11.839><c> a</c><00:48:12.240><c> really</c>

00:48:12.549 --> 00:48:12.559 align:start position:0%
uh a tool and getting it in a really
 

00:48:12.559 --> 00:48:13.589 align:start position:0%
uh a tool and getting it in a really
nice<00:48:12.800><c> grasp</c>

00:48:13.589 --> 00:48:13.599 align:start position:0%
nice grasp
 

00:48:13.599 --> 00:48:15.270 align:start position:0%
nice grasp
that<00:48:13.839><c> where</c><00:48:14.000><c> you</c><00:48:14.079><c> could</c><00:48:14.240><c> actually</c><00:48:14.559><c> use</c><00:48:14.800><c> it</c><00:48:15.119><c> and</c>

00:48:15.270 --> 00:48:15.280 align:start position:0%
that where you could actually use it and
 

00:48:15.280 --> 00:48:16.870 align:start position:0%
that where you could actually use it and
it<00:48:15.359><c> was</c><00:48:15.520><c> strong</c><00:48:16.160><c> and</c><00:48:16.319><c> could</c>

00:48:16.870 --> 00:48:16.880 align:start position:0%
it was strong and could
 

00:48:16.880 --> 00:48:20.150 align:start position:0%
it was strong and could
apply<00:48:17.280><c> forces</c><00:48:18.640><c> just</c><00:48:18.880><c> instantly</c><00:48:19.440><c> with</c><00:48:19.680><c> no</c>

00:48:20.150 --> 00:48:20.160 align:start position:0%
apply forces just instantly with no
 

00:48:20.160 --> 00:48:23.750 align:start position:0%
apply forces just instantly with no
zero<00:48:20.640><c> training</c><00:48:22.079><c> um</c><00:48:22.880><c> said</c><00:48:23.040><c> to</c><00:48:23.119><c> me</c><00:48:23.280><c> okay</c><00:48:23.520><c> we've</c>

00:48:23.750 --> 00:48:23.760 align:start position:0%
zero training um said to me okay we've
 

00:48:23.760 --> 00:48:24.790 align:start position:0%
zero training um said to me okay we've
got

00:48:24.790 --> 00:48:24.800 align:start position:0%
got
 

00:48:24.800 --> 00:48:27.990 align:start position:0%
got
got<00:48:25.040><c> something</c><00:48:25.359><c> here</c><00:48:26.800><c> now</c><00:48:27.200><c> i</c><00:48:27.359><c> knew</c>

00:48:27.990 --> 00:48:28.000 align:start position:0%
got something here now i knew
 

00:48:28.000 --> 00:48:29.910 align:start position:0%
got something here now i knew
for<00:48:28.240><c> it</c><00:48:28.400><c> to</c><00:48:28.640><c> really</c><00:48:28.880><c> meet</c><00:48:29.040><c> its</c><00:48:29.280><c> potential</c><00:48:29.839><c> it</c>

00:48:29.910 --> 00:48:29.920 align:start position:0%
for it to really meet its potential it
 

00:48:29.920 --> 00:48:33.510 align:start position:0%
for it to really meet its potential it
would<00:48:30.079><c> have</c><00:48:30.160><c> to</c><00:48:30.240><c> be</c><00:48:30.400><c> autonomous</c>

00:48:33.510 --> 00:48:33.520 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:48:33.520 --> 00:48:37.829 align:start position:0%
 
but<00:48:36.160><c> that'll</c><00:48:36.400><c> take</c><00:48:36.640><c> 50</c><00:48:36.960><c> years</c>

00:48:37.829 --> 00:48:37.839 align:start position:0%
but that'll take 50 years
 

00:48:37.839 --> 00:48:40.390 align:start position:0%
but that'll take 50 years
um<00:48:38.319><c> in</c><00:48:38.480><c> the</c><00:48:38.559><c> meantime</c><00:48:39.040><c> it's</c><00:48:39.359><c> if</c><00:48:39.760><c> a</c><00:48:39.839><c> person</c><00:48:40.160><c> can</c>

00:48:40.390 --> 00:48:40.400 align:start position:0%
um in the meantime it's if a person can
 

00:48:40.400 --> 00:48:43.190 align:start position:0%
um in the meantime it's if a person can
step<00:48:40.720><c> inside</c><00:48:41.040><c> the</c><00:48:41.119><c> machine</c>

00:48:43.190 --> 00:48:43.200 align:start position:0%
step inside the machine
 

00:48:43.200 --> 00:48:46.230 align:start position:0%
step inside the machine
and<00:48:43.440><c> just</c><00:48:43.599><c> be</c><00:48:43.839><c> that</c><00:48:44.079><c> good</c><00:48:44.640><c> i'll</c><00:48:44.880><c> take</c><00:48:45.119><c> it</c>

00:48:46.230 --> 00:48:46.240 align:start position:0%
and just be that good i'll take it
 

00:48:46.240 --> 00:48:49.670 align:start position:0%
and just be that good i'll take it
but<00:48:46.880><c> clearly</c><00:48:47.839><c> uh</c><00:48:48.640><c> over</c><00:48:48.880><c> the</c><00:48:48.960><c> evolution</c><00:48:49.440><c> of</c><00:48:49.599><c> the</c>

00:48:49.670 --> 00:48:49.680 align:start position:0%
but clearly uh over the evolution of the
 

00:48:49.680 --> 00:48:51.270 align:start position:0%
but clearly uh over the evolution of the
robonaut<00:48:50.079><c> system</c><00:48:50.400><c> we've</c><00:48:50.559><c> gone</c><00:48:50.800><c> more</c><00:48:50.960><c> and</c><00:48:51.119><c> more</c>

00:48:51.270 --> 00:48:51.280 align:start position:0%
robonaut system we've gone more and more
 

00:48:51.280 --> 00:48:52.069 align:start position:0%
robonaut system we've gone more and more
autonomous

00:48:52.069 --> 00:48:52.079 align:start position:0%
autonomous
 

00:48:52.079 --> 00:48:53.510 align:start position:0%
autonomous
and<00:48:52.240><c> with</c><00:48:52.400><c> the</c><00:48:52.480><c> robonaut</c><00:48:52.880><c> 2</c><00:48:53.119><c> we</c><00:48:53.200><c> started</c>

00:48:53.510 --> 00:48:53.520 align:start position:0%
and with the robonaut 2 we started
 

00:48:53.520 --> 00:48:55.190 align:start position:0%
and with the robonaut 2 we started
autonomous<00:48:54.079><c> only</c>

00:48:55.190 --> 00:48:55.200 align:start position:0%
autonomous only
 

00:48:55.200 --> 00:48:57.510 align:start position:0%
autonomous only
and<00:48:55.760><c> it's</c><00:48:55.920><c> a</c><00:48:56.000><c> great</c><00:48:56.240><c> taller</c><00:48:56.640><c> operator</c><00:48:57.040><c> robot</c>

00:48:57.510 --> 00:48:57.520 align:start position:0%
and it's a great taller operator robot
 

00:48:57.520 --> 00:48:59.030 align:start position:0%
and it's a great taller operator robot
but<00:48:57.760><c> we've</c><00:48:57.920><c> hardly</c><00:48:58.400><c> done</c>

00:48:59.030 --> 00:48:59.040 align:start position:0%
but we've hardly done
 

00:48:59.040 --> 00:49:03.430 align:start position:0%
but we've hardly done
any<00:48:59.280><c> time</c><00:48:59.599><c> operation</c><00:49:00.000><c> with</c><00:49:00.839><c> it</c>

00:49:03.430 --> 00:49:03.440 align:start position:0%
any time operation with it
 

00:49:03.440 --> 00:49:05.190 align:start position:0%
any time operation with it
but<00:49:03.599><c> when</c><00:49:03.760><c> we</c><00:49:03.839><c> reached</c><00:49:04.160><c> out</c><00:49:04.319><c> and</c><00:49:04.400><c> we</c><00:49:04.559><c> grabbed</c><00:49:04.800><c> a</c>

00:49:05.190 --> 00:49:05.200 align:start position:0%
but when we reached out and we grabbed a
 

00:49:05.200 --> 00:49:06.710 align:start position:0%
but when we reached out and we grabbed a
tool<00:49:05.520><c> for</c><00:49:05.599><c> the</c><00:49:05.760><c> first</c><00:49:06.000><c> time</c><00:49:06.240><c> i</c><00:49:06.400><c> liked</c><00:49:06.640><c> the</c>

00:49:06.710 --> 00:49:06.720 align:start position:0%
tool for the first time i liked the
 

00:49:06.720 --> 00:49:08.390 align:start position:0%
tool for the first time i liked the
first<00:49:07.040><c> try</c>

00:49:08.390 --> 00:49:08.400 align:start position:0%
first try
 

00:49:08.400 --> 00:49:10.710 align:start position:0%
first try
we<00:49:08.559><c> knew</c><00:49:08.720><c> we</c><00:49:08.880><c> really</c><00:49:09.200><c> had</c><00:49:09.440><c> something</c><00:49:10.079><c> that</c><00:49:10.240><c> was</c>

00:49:10.710 --> 00:49:10.720 align:start position:0%
we knew we really had something that was
 

00:49:10.720 --> 00:49:15.030 align:start position:0%
we knew we really had something that was
pretty<00:49:11.040><c> capable</c>

00:49:15.030 --> 00:49:15.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:49:15.040 --> 00:49:16.710 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:49:15.119><c> that</c><00:49:15.440><c> that</c><00:49:15.680><c> really</c><00:49:16.000><c> summed</c><00:49:16.319><c> up</c><00:49:16.559><c> pretty</c>

00:49:16.710 --> 00:49:16.720 align:start position:0%
and that that really summed up pretty
 

00:49:16.720 --> 00:49:18.870 align:start position:0%
and that that really summed up pretty
much<00:49:16.960><c> every</c><00:49:17.280><c> experiment</c><00:49:17.839><c> we</c><00:49:18.000><c> ever</c><00:49:18.240><c> did</c>

00:49:18.870 --> 00:49:18.880 align:start position:0%
much every experiment we ever did
 

00:49:18.880 --> 00:49:21.990 align:start position:0%
much every experiment we ever did
and<00:49:19.040><c> continued</c><00:49:19.440><c> to</c><00:49:19.520><c> do</c><00:49:19.760><c> with</c><00:49:19.839><c> the</c><00:49:20.000><c> robonauts</c>

00:49:21.990 --> 00:49:22.000 align:start position:0%
and continued to do with the robonauts
 

00:49:22.000 --> 00:49:23.910 align:start position:0%
and continued to do with the robonauts
especially<00:49:22.400><c> with</c><00:49:22.559><c> tel</c><00:49:22.800><c> operators</c><00:49:23.440><c> the</c><00:49:23.599><c> first</c>

00:49:23.910 --> 00:49:23.920 align:start position:0%
especially with tel operators the first
 

00:49:23.920 --> 00:49:25.349 align:start position:0%
especially with tel operators the first
take<00:49:24.319><c> almost</c><00:49:24.640><c> every</c>

00:49:25.349 --> 00:49:25.359 align:start position:0%
take almost every
 

00:49:25.359 --> 00:49:28.390 align:start position:0%
take almost every
video<00:49:25.920><c> you've</c><00:49:26.160><c> ever</c><00:49:26.400><c> seen</c><00:49:26.640><c> of</c><00:49:26.800><c> a</c><00:49:26.880><c> robonaut</c><00:49:27.440><c> one</c>

00:49:28.390 --> 00:49:28.400 align:start position:0%
video you've ever seen of a robonaut one
 

00:49:28.400 --> 00:49:31.430 align:start position:0%
video you've ever seen of a robonaut one
was<00:49:29.200><c> the</c><00:49:29.359><c> first</c><00:49:29.680><c> or</c><00:49:29.839><c> second</c><00:49:30.240><c> take</c><00:49:31.119><c> and</c><00:49:31.280><c> that</c>

00:49:31.430 --> 00:49:31.440 align:start position:0%
was the first or second take and that
 

00:49:31.440 --> 00:49:32.230 align:start position:0%
was the first or second take and that
was<00:49:31.680><c> it</c>

00:49:32.230 --> 00:49:32.240 align:start position:0%
was it
 

00:49:32.240 --> 00:49:34.710 align:start position:0%
was it
we<00:49:32.400><c> didn't</c><00:49:32.960><c> need</c><00:49:33.119><c> to</c><00:49:33.280><c> do</c><00:49:33.440><c> a</c><00:49:33.520><c> whole</c><00:49:33.760><c> lot</c><00:49:34.559><c> we</c>

00:49:34.710 --> 00:49:34.720 align:start position:0%
we didn't need to do a whole lot we
 

00:49:34.720 --> 00:49:36.230 align:start position:0%
we didn't need to do a whole lot we
actually<00:49:34.960><c> found</c><00:49:35.200><c> if</c><00:49:35.280><c> we</c><00:49:35.359><c> kept</c><00:49:35.599><c> doing</c><00:49:35.839><c> it</c><00:49:36.000><c> got</c>

00:49:36.230 --> 00:49:36.240 align:start position:0%
actually found if we kept doing it got
 

00:49:36.240 --> 00:49:37.430 align:start position:0%
actually found if we kept doing it got
worse

00:49:37.430 --> 00:49:37.440 align:start position:0%
worse
 

00:49:37.440 --> 00:49:40.230 align:start position:0%
worse
so<00:49:38.000><c> it</c><00:49:38.160><c> was</c><00:49:38.319><c> actually</c><00:49:38.720><c> better</c><00:49:39.599><c> to</c><00:49:39.760><c> just</c><00:49:39.920><c> take</c><00:49:40.079><c> a</c>

00:49:40.230 --> 00:49:40.240 align:start position:0%
so it was actually better to just take a
 

00:49:40.240 --> 00:49:40.549 align:start position:0%
so it was actually better to just take a
first

00:49:40.549 --> 00:49:40.559 align:start position:0%
first
 

00:49:40.559 --> 00:49:43.190 align:start position:0%
first
hey<00:49:40.880><c> try</c><00:49:41.119><c> this</c><00:49:41.920><c> and</c><00:49:42.079><c> we'd</c><00:49:42.319><c> videotape</c><00:49:42.880><c> it</c><00:49:43.119><c> and</c>

00:49:43.190 --> 00:49:43.200 align:start position:0%
hey try this and we'd videotape it and
 

00:49:43.200 --> 00:49:44.790 align:start position:0%
hey try this and we'd videotape it and
it<00:49:43.359><c> would</c><00:49:43.440><c> work</c><00:49:43.760><c> perfectly</c>

00:49:44.790 --> 00:49:44.800 align:start position:0%
it would work perfectly
 

00:49:44.800 --> 00:49:46.630 align:start position:0%
it would work perfectly
and<00:49:44.960><c> he</c><00:49:45.040><c> would</c><00:49:45.200><c> say</c><00:49:45.359><c> okay</c><00:49:45.680><c> done</c><00:49:46.079><c> let's</c><00:49:46.319><c> try</c><00:49:46.480><c> the</c>

00:49:46.630 --> 00:49:46.640 align:start position:0%
and he would say okay done let's try the
 

00:49:46.640 --> 00:49:48.309 align:start position:0%
and he would say okay done let's try the
next<00:49:46.800><c> thing</c><00:49:47.119><c> try</c><00:49:47.359><c> that</c>

00:49:48.309 --> 00:49:48.319 align:start position:0%
next thing try that
 

00:49:48.319 --> 00:49:52.309 align:start position:0%
next thing try that
and<00:49:50.559><c> there's</c><00:49:50.720><c> something</c><00:49:51.040><c> about</c>

00:49:52.309 --> 00:49:52.319 align:start position:0%
and there's something about
 

00:49:52.319 --> 00:49:54.230 align:start position:0%
and there's something about
the<00:49:52.400><c> way</c><00:49:52.559><c> we</c><00:49:52.800><c> describe</c><00:49:53.680><c> tell</c><00:49:53.920><c> operating</c>

00:49:54.230 --> 00:49:54.240 align:start position:0%
the way we describe tell operating
 

00:49:54.240 --> 00:49:55.349 align:start position:0%
the way we describe tell operating
robonauts<00:49:54.880><c> is</c>

00:49:55.349 --> 00:49:55.359 align:start position:0%
robonauts is
 

00:49:55.359 --> 00:49:58.390 align:start position:0%
robonauts is
going<00:49:55.599><c> in</c><00:49:56.000><c> is</c><00:49:56.480><c> stepping</c><00:49:56.880><c> into</c><00:49:57.040><c> the</c><00:49:57.119><c> robot</c>

00:49:58.390 --> 00:49:58.400 align:start position:0%
going in is stepping into the robot
 

00:49:58.400 --> 00:50:01.430 align:start position:0%
going in is stepping into the robot
and<00:49:58.640><c> it</c><00:49:58.800><c> when</c><00:49:58.960><c> you</c><00:49:59.119><c> put</c><00:49:59.280><c> the</c><00:49:59.359><c> helmet</c><00:49:59.760><c> on</c><00:50:00.800><c> and</c>

00:50:01.430 --> 00:50:01.440 align:start position:0%
and it when you put the helmet on and
 

00:50:01.440 --> 00:50:03.430 align:start position:0%
and it when you put the helmet on and
you<00:50:01.680><c> move</c><00:50:01.920><c> your</c><00:50:02.079><c> head</c><00:50:02.240><c> around</c><00:50:02.559><c> and</c><00:50:02.640><c> the</c><00:50:03.200><c> view</c>

00:50:03.430 --> 00:50:03.440 align:start position:0%
you move your head around and the view
 

00:50:03.440 --> 00:50:05.349 align:start position:0%
you move your head around and the view
moves<00:50:04.400><c> so</c>

00:50:05.349 --> 00:50:05.359 align:start position:0%
moves so
 

00:50:05.359 --> 00:50:08.950 align:start position:0%
moves so
well<00:50:07.040><c> um</c>

00:50:08.950 --> 00:50:08.960 align:start position:0%
well um
 

00:50:08.960 --> 00:50:10.549 align:start position:0%
well um
that's<00:50:09.200><c> probably</c><00:50:09.440><c> 90</c><00:50:09.680><c> percent</c><00:50:10.000><c> of</c><00:50:10.079><c> convincing</c>

00:50:10.549 --> 00:50:10.559 align:start position:0%
that's probably 90 percent of convincing
 

00:50:10.559 --> 00:50:12.630 align:start position:0%
that's probably 90 percent of convincing
you're<00:50:11.040><c> inside</c><00:50:11.359><c> the</c><00:50:11.440><c> machine</c>

00:50:12.630 --> 00:50:12.640 align:start position:0%
you're inside the machine
 

00:50:12.640 --> 00:50:14.309 align:start position:0%
you're inside the machine
and<00:50:12.720><c> then</c><00:50:12.880><c> when</c><00:50:13.040><c> you</c><00:50:13.119><c> look</c><00:50:13.359><c> down</c><00:50:13.920><c> at</c><00:50:14.079><c> your</c>

00:50:14.309 --> 00:50:14.319 align:start position:0%
and then when you look down at your
 

00:50:14.319 --> 00:50:17.349 align:start position:0%
and then when you look down at your
hands<00:50:15.359><c> and</c><00:50:15.440><c> you</c><00:50:15.680><c> wiggle</c><00:50:15.920><c> your</c><00:50:16.079><c> fingers</c>

00:50:17.349 --> 00:50:17.359 align:start position:0%
hands and you wiggle your fingers
 

00:50:17.359 --> 00:50:19.270 align:start position:0%
hands and you wiggle your fingers
and<00:50:17.920><c> you</c><00:50:18.079><c> see</c><00:50:18.319><c> them</c><00:50:18.640><c> it</c><00:50:18.720><c> just</c><00:50:18.960><c> looks</c><00:50:19.119><c> like</c>

00:50:19.270 --> 00:50:19.280 align:start position:0%
and you see them it just looks like
 

00:50:19.280 --> 00:50:20.549 align:start position:0%
and you see them it just looks like
you're<00:50:19.440><c> wearing</c>

00:50:20.549 --> 00:50:20.559 align:start position:0%
you're wearing
 

00:50:20.559 --> 00:50:23.750 align:start position:0%
you're wearing
astronomic<00:50:20.960><c> gloves</c><00:50:21.359><c> right</c><00:50:22.319><c> and</c><00:50:23.200><c> you</c><00:50:23.440><c> do</c>

00:50:23.750 --> 00:50:23.760 align:start position:0%
astronomic gloves right and you do
 

00:50:23.760 --> 00:50:27.349 align:start position:0%
astronomic gloves right and you do
this<00:50:24.720><c> and</c><00:50:24.880><c> you</c><00:50:25.040><c> see</c><00:50:25.200><c> your</c><00:50:25.359><c> hands</c><00:50:26.640><c> you</c><00:50:26.960><c> are</c>

00:50:27.349 --> 00:50:27.359 align:start position:0%
this and you see your hands you are
 

00:50:27.359 --> 00:50:30.549 align:start position:0%
this and you see your hands you are
you're<00:50:27.680><c> there</c><00:50:29.520><c> uh</c><00:50:29.760><c> we've</c><00:50:30.000><c> had</c>

00:50:30.549 --> 00:50:30.559 align:start position:0%
you're there uh we've had
 

00:50:30.559 --> 00:50:32.230 align:start position:0%
you're there uh we've had
just<00:50:30.720><c> some</c><00:50:30.880><c> really</c><00:50:31.200><c> fun</c><00:50:31.440><c> experiences</c><00:50:32.000><c> where</c><00:50:32.160><c> a</c>

00:50:32.230 --> 00:50:32.240 align:start position:0%
just some really fun experiences where a
 

00:50:32.240 --> 00:50:34.150 align:start position:0%
just some really fun experiences where a
person<00:50:32.640><c> is</c><00:50:33.200><c> you</c><00:50:33.280><c> know</c><00:50:33.359><c> there's</c><00:50:33.680><c> there</c><00:50:33.839><c> may</c><00:50:34.000><c> be</c>

00:50:34.150 --> 00:50:34.160 align:start position:0%
person is you know there's there may be
 

00:50:34.160 --> 00:50:35.430 align:start position:0%
person is you know there's there may be
in<00:50:34.240><c> another</c><00:50:34.559><c> room</c>

00:50:35.430 --> 00:50:35.440 align:start position:0%
in another room
 

00:50:35.440 --> 00:50:37.030 align:start position:0%
in another room
right<00:50:35.920><c> down</c><00:50:36.079><c> at</c><00:50:36.240><c> the</c><00:50:36.319><c> other</c><00:50:36.480><c> end</c><00:50:36.640><c> of</c><00:50:36.720><c> the</c><00:50:36.800><c> same</c>

00:50:37.030 --> 00:50:37.040 align:start position:0%
right down at the other end of the same
 

00:50:37.040 --> 00:50:38.870 align:start position:0%
right down at the other end of the same
room

00:50:38.870 --> 00:50:38.880 align:start position:0%
room
 

00:50:38.880 --> 00:50:41.829 align:start position:0%
room
and<00:50:40.079><c> they're</c><00:50:40.400><c> tell</c><00:50:40.640><c> operating</c><00:50:40.960><c> the</c><00:50:41.040><c> robot</c><00:50:41.520><c> and</c>

00:50:41.829 --> 00:50:41.839 align:start position:0%
and they're tell operating the robot and
 

00:50:41.839 --> 00:50:43.510 align:start position:0%
and they're tell operating the robot and
holding<00:50:42.160><c> like</c><00:50:42.400><c> a</c><00:50:42.480><c> big</c><00:50:42.720><c> chunk</c><00:50:42.960><c> of</c><00:50:43.040><c> metal</c><00:50:43.359><c> or</c>

00:50:43.510 --> 00:50:43.520 align:start position:0%
holding like a big chunk of metal or
 

00:50:43.520 --> 00:50:46.069 align:start position:0%
holding like a big chunk of metal or
something<00:50:43.839><c> and</c><00:50:43.920><c> they</c><00:50:44.160><c> drop</c><00:50:44.400><c> it</c>

00:50:46.069 --> 00:50:46.079 align:start position:0%
something and they drop it
 

00:50:46.079 --> 00:50:49.030 align:start position:0%
something and they drop it
the<00:50:46.240><c> tail</c><00:50:46.480><c> operator</c><00:50:46.960><c> way</c><00:50:47.200><c> over</c><00:50:47.359><c> there</c><00:50:48.720><c> moves</c>

00:50:49.030 --> 00:50:49.040 align:start position:0%
the tail operator way over there moves
 

00:50:49.040 --> 00:50:50.549 align:start position:0%
the tail operator way over there moves
his<00:50:49.119><c> foot</c><00:50:49.359><c> out</c><00:50:49.440><c> of</c><00:50:49.520><c> the</c><00:50:49.599><c> way</c>

00:50:50.549 --> 00:50:50.559 align:start position:0%
his foot out of the way
 

00:50:50.559 --> 00:50:54.069 align:start position:0%
his foot out of the way
because<00:50:51.760><c> operator</c><00:50:52.160><c> doesn't</c><00:50:52.400><c> want</c><00:50:52.559><c> it</c><00:50:52.640><c> to</c><00:50:53.040><c> hurt</c>

00:50:54.069 --> 00:50:54.079 align:start position:0%
because operator doesn't want it to hurt
 

00:50:54.079 --> 00:50:57.190 align:start position:0%
because operator doesn't want it to hurt
a<00:50:54.240><c> toe</c><00:50:54.640><c> right</c><00:50:55.599><c> but</c><00:50:56.240><c> then</c>

00:50:57.190 --> 00:50:57.200 align:start position:0%
a toe right but then
 

00:50:57.200 --> 00:50:58.710 align:start position:0%
a toe right but then
the<00:50:57.359><c> caliper</c><00:50:57.839><c> looks</c><00:50:58.000><c> down</c><00:50:58.160><c> and</c><00:50:58.240><c> realized</c><00:50:58.559><c> well</c>

00:50:58.710 --> 00:50:58.720 align:start position:0%
the caliper looks down and realized well
 

00:50:58.720 --> 00:51:00.390 align:start position:0%
the caliper looks down and realized well
rubbing<00:50:59.040><c> it</c><00:50:59.119><c> doesn't</c><00:50:59.280><c> have</c><00:50:59.520><c> toes</c>

00:51:00.390 --> 00:51:00.400 align:start position:0%
rubbing it doesn't have toes
 

00:51:00.400 --> 00:51:04.470 align:start position:0%
rubbing it doesn't have toes
and<00:51:00.640><c> actually</c><00:51:02.079><c> i'm</c><00:51:02.240><c> not</c><00:51:02.559><c> in</c><00:51:02.640><c> this</c><00:51:02.880><c> thing</c><00:51:03.119><c> am</c><00:51:03.280><c> i</c>

00:51:04.470 --> 00:51:04.480 align:start position:0%
and actually i'm not in this thing am i
 

00:51:04.480 --> 00:51:06.390 align:start position:0%
and actually i'm not in this thing am i
but<00:51:04.640><c> it</c><00:51:04.720><c> was</c><00:51:05.040><c> really</c><00:51:05.280><c> telling</c><00:51:05.599><c> the</c><00:51:05.680><c> way</c><00:51:05.839><c> they</c>

00:51:06.390 --> 00:51:06.400 align:start position:0%
but it was really telling the way they
 

00:51:06.400 --> 00:51:08.390 align:start position:0%
but it was really telling the way they
uh<00:51:07.119><c> they</c><00:51:07.280><c> felt</c><00:51:07.520><c> they</c><00:51:07.680><c> were</c><00:51:07.839><c> there</c><00:51:08.079><c> and</c><00:51:08.319><c> all</c>

00:51:08.390 --> 00:51:08.400 align:start position:0%
uh they felt they were there and all
 

00:51:08.400 --> 00:51:10.069 align:start position:0%
uh they felt they were there and all
their<00:51:08.640><c> reflexes</c>

00:51:10.069 --> 00:51:10.079 align:start position:0%
their reflexes
 

00:51:10.079 --> 00:51:14.950 align:start position:0%
their reflexes
were<00:51:10.720><c> there</c><00:51:12.559><c> we</c><00:51:13.040><c> played</c><00:51:13.280><c> around</c><00:51:13.440><c> with</c><00:51:13.599><c> audio</c>

00:51:14.950 --> 00:51:14.960 align:start position:0%
were there we played around with audio
 

00:51:14.960 --> 00:51:17.589 align:start position:0%
were there we played around with audio
and<00:51:15.040><c> being</c><00:51:15.280><c> able</c><00:51:15.440><c> to</c><00:51:15.680><c> talk</c><00:51:15.920><c> to</c><00:51:16.559><c> your</c><00:51:16.800><c> friend</c><00:51:17.520><c> in</c>

00:51:17.589 --> 00:51:17.599 align:start position:0%
and being able to talk to your friend in
 

00:51:17.599 --> 00:51:19.430 align:start position:0%
and being able to talk to your friend in
this<00:51:17.839><c> robot</c>

00:51:19.430 --> 00:51:19.440 align:start position:0%
this robot
 

00:51:19.440 --> 00:51:21.990 align:start position:0%
this robot
is<00:51:19.680><c> just</c><00:51:19.920><c> amazing</c><00:51:21.200><c> that</c><00:51:21.359><c> i</c><00:51:21.440><c> did</c><00:51:21.599><c> a</c><00:51:21.680><c> bunch</c><00:51:21.920><c> of</c>

00:51:21.990 --> 00:51:22.000 align:start position:0%
is just amazing that i did a bunch of
 

00:51:22.000 --> 00:51:23.670 align:start position:0%
is just amazing that i did a bunch of
experiments<00:51:22.559><c> where</c><00:51:22.720><c> i</c><00:51:22.800><c> would</c><00:51:22.960><c> work</c>

00:51:23.670 --> 00:51:23.680 align:start position:0%
experiments where i would work
 

00:51:23.680 --> 00:51:26.309 align:start position:0%
experiments where i would work
side<00:51:23.920><c> by</c><00:51:24.079><c> side</c><00:51:24.319><c> with</c><00:51:24.480><c> the</c><00:51:24.640><c> robot</c><00:51:25.839><c> being</c><00:51:26.079><c> tell</c>

00:51:26.309 --> 00:51:26.319 align:start position:0%
side by side with the robot being tell
 

00:51:26.319 --> 00:51:27.030 align:start position:0%
side by side with the robot being tell
operated

00:51:27.030 --> 00:51:27.040 align:start position:0%
operated
 

00:51:27.040 --> 00:51:28.870 align:start position:0%
operated
and<00:51:27.200><c> it</c><00:51:27.280><c> was</c><00:51:27.440><c> just</c><00:51:27.839><c> i</c><00:51:28.000><c> was</c><00:51:28.160><c> standing</c><00:51:28.559><c> next</c><00:51:28.800><c> to</c>

00:51:28.870 --> 00:51:28.880 align:start position:0%
and it was just i was standing next to
 

00:51:28.880 --> 00:51:30.230 align:start position:0%
and it was just i was standing next to
fred

00:51:30.230 --> 00:51:30.240 align:start position:0%
fred
 

00:51:30.240 --> 00:51:31.510 align:start position:0%
fred
and<00:51:30.400><c> we</c><00:51:30.480><c> were</c><00:51:30.640><c> just</c><00:51:30.800><c> talking</c><00:51:31.119><c> about</c><00:51:31.280><c> what</c><00:51:31.440><c> we</c>

00:51:31.510 --> 00:51:31.520 align:start position:0%
and we were just talking about what we
 

00:51:31.520 --> 00:51:32.950 align:start position:0%
and we were just talking about what we
were<00:51:31.680><c> going</c><00:51:31.839><c> to</c><00:51:31.920><c> do</c><00:51:32.160><c> and</c><00:51:32.319><c> i'd</c><00:51:32.400><c> say</c><00:51:32.559><c> here</c><00:51:32.720><c> hold</c>

00:51:32.950 --> 00:51:32.960 align:start position:0%
were going to do and i'd say here hold
 

00:51:32.960 --> 00:51:33.910 align:start position:0%
were going to do and i'd say here hold
this

00:51:33.910 --> 00:51:33.920 align:start position:0%
this
 

00:51:33.920 --> 00:51:35.510 align:start position:0%
this
and<00:51:34.079><c> we</c><00:51:34.319><c> would</c><00:51:34.559><c> try</c><00:51:34.720><c> something</c><00:51:35.040><c> for</c><00:51:35.119><c> the</c><00:51:35.200><c> first</c>

00:51:35.510 --> 00:51:35.520 align:start position:0%
and we would try something for the first
 

00:51:35.520 --> 00:51:38.470 align:start position:0%
and we would try something for the first
time<00:51:35.920><c> building</c><00:51:36.640><c> some</c><00:51:36.960><c> assembly</c><00:51:37.440><c> together</c>

00:51:38.470 --> 00:51:38.480 align:start position:0%
time building some assembly together
 

00:51:38.480 --> 00:51:40.549 align:start position:0%
time building some assembly together
and<00:51:38.640><c> i</c><00:51:38.720><c> was</c><00:51:38.800><c> just</c><00:51:38.960><c> like</c><00:51:39.200><c> i</c><00:51:39.280><c> was</c><00:51:39.359><c> talking</c><00:51:39.680><c> to</c><00:51:39.920><c> a</c>

00:51:40.549 --> 00:51:40.559 align:start position:0%
and i was just like i was talking to a
 

00:51:40.559 --> 00:51:41.990 align:start position:0%
and i was just like i was talking to a
colleague<00:51:41.280><c> and</c><00:51:41.440><c> we</c><00:51:41.599><c> were</c>

00:51:41.990 --> 00:51:42.000 align:start position:0%
colleague and we were
 

00:51:42.000 --> 00:51:43.349 align:start position:0%
colleague and we were
putting<00:51:42.319><c> something</c><00:51:42.559><c> together</c><00:51:42.880><c> for</c><00:51:43.040><c> the</c><00:51:43.119><c> first</c>

00:51:43.349 --> 00:51:43.359 align:start position:0%
putting something together for the first
 

00:51:43.359 --> 00:51:46.790 align:start position:0%
putting something together for the first
time<00:51:44.880><c> it</c><00:51:44.960><c> was</c><00:51:45.119><c> just</c><00:51:45.280><c> that</c><00:51:45.520><c> easy</c>

00:51:46.790 --> 00:51:46.800 align:start position:0%
time it was just that easy
 

00:51:46.800 --> 00:51:48.710 align:start position:0%
time it was just that easy
and<00:51:47.119><c> it</c><00:51:47.440><c> pointed</c><00:51:47.760><c> things</c><00:51:48.000><c> to</c><00:51:48.079><c> say</c><00:51:48.240><c> here</c><00:51:48.400><c> you</c>

00:51:48.710 --> 00:51:48.720 align:start position:0%
and it pointed things to say here you
 

00:51:48.720 --> 00:51:49.990 align:start position:0%
and it pointed things to say here you
put<00:51:48.880><c> your</c><00:51:49.040><c> hand</c><00:51:49.280><c> put</c><00:51:49.440><c> your</c><00:51:49.599><c> left</c><00:51:49.760><c> hand</c>

00:51:49.990 --> 00:51:50.000 align:start position:0%
put your hand put your left hand
 

00:51:50.000 --> 00:51:53.829 align:start position:0%
put your hand put your left hand
here<00:51:51.680><c> i'm</c><00:51:51.839><c> going</c><00:51:51.920><c> to</c><00:51:52.079><c> put</c><00:51:52.240><c> the</c><00:51:52.400><c> tray</c><00:51:52.640><c> of</c><00:51:52.720><c> parts</c>

00:51:53.829 --> 00:51:53.839 align:start position:0%
here i'm going to put the tray of parts
 

00:51:53.839 --> 00:51:56.549 align:start position:0%
here i'm going to put the tray of parts
on<00:51:54.000><c> your</c><00:51:54.160><c> right</c><00:51:55.359><c> and</c><00:51:55.599><c> you'd</c><00:51:55.839><c> look</c><00:51:56.000><c> over</c><00:51:56.240><c> on</c><00:51:56.400><c> his</c>

00:51:56.549 --> 00:51:56.559 align:start position:0%
on your right and you'd look over on his
 

00:51:56.559 --> 00:51:57.589 align:start position:0%
on your right and you'd look over on his
right<00:51:56.720><c> and</c><00:51:56.880><c> see</c><00:51:57.040><c> it</c>

00:51:57.589 --> 00:51:57.599 align:start position:0%
right and see it
 

00:51:57.599 --> 00:51:59.589 align:start position:0%
right and see it
and<00:51:58.160><c> we</c><00:51:58.400><c> would</c><00:51:58.559><c> just</c><00:51:58.720><c> start</c><00:51:59.040><c> building</c><00:51:59.359><c> things</c>

00:51:59.589 --> 00:51:59.599 align:start position:0%
and we would just start building things
 

00:51:59.599 --> 00:52:00.950 align:start position:0%
and we would just start building things
together

00:52:00.950 --> 00:52:00.960 align:start position:0%
together
 

00:52:00.960 --> 00:52:04.309 align:start position:0%
together
and<00:52:02.559><c> that</c><00:52:03.040><c> human</c><00:52:03.359><c> robot</c><00:52:03.760><c> team</c>

00:52:04.309 --> 00:52:04.319 align:start position:0%
and that human robot team
 

00:52:04.319 --> 00:52:08.549 align:start position:0%
and that human robot team
was<00:52:04.800><c> was</c><00:52:05.200><c> clearly</c><00:52:06.400><c> uh</c><00:52:07.200><c> very</c>

00:52:08.549 --> 00:52:08.559 align:start position:0%
was was clearly uh very
 

00:52:08.559 --> 00:52:13.109 align:start position:0%
was was clearly uh very
powerful<00:52:10.960><c> so</c><00:52:11.200><c> so</c><00:52:11.359><c> was</c><00:52:11.599><c> it</c><00:52:11.760><c> uh</c><00:52:12.000><c> like</c><00:52:12.240><c> 2001</c>

00:52:13.109 --> 00:52:13.119 align:start position:0%
powerful so so was it uh like 2001
 

00:52:13.119 --> 00:52:14.950 align:start position:0%
powerful so so was it uh like 2001
did<00:52:13.280><c> you</c><00:52:13.359><c> say</c><00:52:13.599><c> when</c><00:52:13.760><c> you</c><00:52:14.000><c> start</c><00:52:14.240><c> first</c><00:52:14.480><c> started</c>

00:52:14.950 --> 00:52:14.960 align:start position:0%
did you say when you start first started
 

00:52:14.960 --> 00:52:16.390 align:start position:0%
did you say when you start first started
where<00:52:15.119><c> you</c><00:52:15.200><c> did</c><00:52:15.359><c> that</c><00:52:15.520><c> first</c><00:52:15.760><c> experiment</c>

00:52:16.390 --> 00:52:16.400 align:start position:0%
where you did that first experiment
 

00:52:16.400 --> 00:52:19.829 align:start position:0%
where you did that first experiment
the<00:52:16.559><c> first</c><00:52:16.880><c> person</c><00:52:17.680><c> grab</c><00:52:18.400><c> was</c>

00:52:19.829 --> 00:52:19.839 align:start position:0%
the first person grab was
 

00:52:19.839 --> 00:52:23.589 align:start position:0%
the first person grab was
september<00:52:20.480><c> 99</c><00:52:21.200><c> oh</c><00:52:22.240><c> and</c><00:52:22.720><c> we</c><00:52:22.880><c> went</c><00:52:23.040><c> from</c><00:52:23.280><c> nothing</c>

00:52:23.589 --> 00:52:23.599 align:start position:0%
september 99 oh and we went from nothing
 

00:52:23.599 --> 00:52:24.150 align:start position:0%
september 99 oh and we went from nothing
to

00:52:24.150 --> 00:52:24.160 align:start position:0%
to
 

00:52:24.160 --> 00:52:25.829 align:start position:0%
to
having<00:52:24.400><c> that</c><00:52:24.559><c> ability</c><00:52:24.960><c> about</c><00:52:25.200><c> two</c><00:52:25.359><c> weeks</c><00:52:25.680><c> two</c>

00:52:25.829 --> 00:52:25.839 align:start position:0%
having that ability about two weeks two
 

00:52:25.839 --> 00:52:28.870 align:start position:0%
having that ability about two weeks two
months

00:52:28.870 --> 00:52:28.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:52:28.880 --> 00:52:30.950 align:start position:0%
 
so<00:52:29.040><c> we</c><00:52:29.119><c> had</c><00:52:29.280><c> a</c><00:52:29.680><c> neck</c><00:52:29.920><c> with</c><00:52:30.079><c> a</c><00:52:30.160><c> head</c><00:52:30.400><c> on</c><00:52:30.559><c> it</c><00:52:30.720><c> some</c>

00:52:30.950 --> 00:52:30.960 align:start position:0%
so we had a neck with a head on it some
 

00:52:30.960 --> 00:52:33.270 align:start position:0%
so we had a neck with a head on it some
cameras<00:52:31.839><c> one</c><00:52:32.079><c> manipulator</c><00:52:32.720><c> with</c><00:52:32.960><c> a</c>

00:52:33.270 --> 00:52:33.280 align:start position:0%
cameras one manipulator with a
 

00:52:33.280 --> 00:52:36.230 align:start position:0%
cameras one manipulator with a
robonaut<00:52:33.920><c> one</c><00:52:34.079><c> hand</c><00:52:34.400><c> on</c><00:52:34.559><c> the</c><00:52:34.640><c> end</c><00:52:34.800><c> of</c><00:52:34.960><c> it</c><00:52:36.000><c> and</c><00:52:36.160><c> a</c>

00:52:36.230 --> 00:52:36.240 align:start position:0%
robonaut one hand on the end of it and a
 

00:52:36.240 --> 00:52:37.990 align:start position:0%
robonaut one hand on the end of it and a
telepresence<00:52:36.880><c> control</c><00:52:37.200><c> system</c><00:52:37.599><c> off</c><00:52:37.760><c> to</c><00:52:37.920><c> the</c>

00:52:37.990 --> 00:52:38.000 align:start position:0%
telepresence control system off to the
 

00:52:38.000 --> 00:52:39.109 align:start position:0%
telepresence control system off to the
side

00:52:39.109 --> 00:52:39.119 align:start position:0%
side
 

00:52:39.119 --> 00:52:41.190 align:start position:0%
side
and<00:52:39.200><c> that</c><00:52:39.440><c> that</c><00:52:39.680><c> came</c><00:52:39.839><c> together</c><00:52:40.800><c> now</c><00:52:40.960><c> those</c>

00:52:41.190 --> 00:52:41.200 align:start position:0%
and that that came together now those
 

00:52:41.200 --> 00:52:42.470 align:start position:0%
and that that came together now those
pieces<00:52:41.599><c> existed</c>

00:52:42.470 --> 00:52:42.480 align:start position:0%
pieces existed
 

00:52:42.480 --> 00:52:46.069 align:start position:0%
pieces existed
in<00:52:43.040><c> july</c><00:52:44.240><c> and</c><00:52:44.480><c> by</c><00:52:45.200><c> so</c><00:52:45.359><c> then</c><00:52:45.520><c> in</c><00:52:45.200><c> september</c>

00:52:46.069 --> 00:52:46.079 align:start position:0%
in july and by so then in september
 

00:52:46.079 --> 00:52:47.910 align:start position:0%
in july and by so then in september
we<00:52:46.240><c> had</c><00:52:46.559><c> put</c><00:52:46.800><c> them</c><00:52:46.880><c> together</c><00:52:47.520><c> first</c>

00:52:47.910 --> 00:52:47.920 align:start position:0%
we had put them together first
 

00:52:47.920 --> 00:52:49.750 align:start position:0%
we had put them together first
integrated<00:52:48.480><c> test</c>

00:52:49.750 --> 00:52:49.760 align:start position:0%
integrated test
 

00:52:49.760 --> 00:52:52.630 align:start position:0%
integrated test
and<00:52:49.839><c> that</c><00:52:50.000><c> was</c><00:52:50.160><c> 99.</c><00:52:51.200><c> in</c><00:52:51.280><c> 2000</c><00:52:51.839><c> we</c><00:52:52.160><c> put</c><00:52:52.319><c> another</c>

00:52:52.630 --> 00:52:52.640 align:start position:0%
and that was 99. in 2000 we put another
 

00:52:52.640 --> 00:52:53.910 align:start position:0%
and that was 99. in 2000 we put another
arm<00:52:52.960><c> on</c>

00:52:53.910 --> 00:52:53.920 align:start position:0%
arm on
 

00:52:53.920 --> 00:52:57.270 align:start position:0%
arm on
a<00:52:54.079><c> lefty</c><00:52:55.440><c> and</c><00:52:56.480><c> we</c>

00:52:57.270 --> 00:52:57.280 align:start position:0%
a lefty and we
 

00:52:57.280 --> 00:53:00.069 align:start position:0%
a lefty and we
took<00:52:57.520><c> the</c><00:52:57.680><c> system</c><00:52:58.079><c> we</c><00:52:58.160><c> went</c><00:52:58.400><c> upright</c><00:52:59.119><c> with</c><00:52:59.599><c> a</c>

00:53:00.069 --> 00:53:00.079 align:start position:0%
took the system we went upright with a
 

00:53:00.079 --> 00:53:02.069 align:start position:0%
took the system we went upright with a
upright<00:53:00.400><c> torso</c><00:53:01.040><c> with</c><00:53:01.200><c> a</c><00:53:01.280><c> waist</c><00:53:01.599><c> joint</c><00:53:01.920><c> that</c>

00:53:02.069 --> 00:53:02.079 align:start position:0%
upright torso with a waist joint that
 

00:53:02.079 --> 00:53:02.390 align:start position:0%
upright torso with a waist joint that
could

00:53:02.390 --> 00:53:02.400 align:start position:0%
could
 

00:53:02.400 --> 00:53:08.150 align:start position:0%
could
move<00:53:02.640><c> the</c><00:53:02.800><c> torso</c><00:53:04.240><c> and</c>

00:53:08.150 --> 00:53:08.160 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:53:08.160 --> 00:53:12.150 align:start position:0%
 
then<00:53:08.319><c> we</c><00:53:10.160><c> really</c><00:53:10.559><c> in</c><00:53:10.720><c> 2001</c>

00:53:12.150 --> 00:53:12.160 align:start position:0%
then we really in 2001
 

00:53:12.160 --> 00:53:15.430 align:start position:0%
then we really in 2001
we<00:53:13.200><c> repackaged</c><00:53:13.920><c> the</c><00:53:14.079><c> torso</c><00:53:14.720><c> with</c><00:53:15.040><c> a</c><00:53:15.119><c> better</c>

00:53:15.430 --> 00:53:15.440 align:start position:0%
we repackaged the torso with a better
 

00:53:15.440 --> 00:53:16.790 align:start position:0%
we repackaged the torso with a better
computer<00:53:15.839><c> system</c>

00:53:16.790 --> 00:53:16.800 align:start position:0%
computer system
 

00:53:16.800 --> 00:53:19.990 align:start position:0%
computer system
and<00:53:16.960><c> some</c><00:53:17.200><c> new</c><00:53:17.359><c> software</c><00:53:19.040><c> and</c><00:53:19.440><c> uh</c>

00:53:19.990 --> 00:53:20.000 align:start position:0%
and some new software and uh
 

00:53:20.000 --> 00:53:23.349 align:start position:0%
and some new software and uh
went<00:53:20.480><c> into</c><00:53:21.119><c> skin</c><00:53:21.440><c> design</c><00:53:22.559><c> started</c><00:53:22.880><c> looking</c><00:53:23.200><c> at</c>

00:53:23.349 --> 00:53:23.359 align:start position:0%
went into skin design started looking at
 

00:53:23.359 --> 00:53:24.790 align:start position:0%
went into skin design started looking at
tactile<00:53:23.760><c> sensors</c><00:53:24.400><c> and</c>

00:53:24.790 --> 00:53:24.800 align:start position:0%
tactile sensors and
 

00:53:24.800 --> 00:53:27.109 align:start position:0%
tactile sensors and
some<00:53:25.280><c> over</c><00:53:25.760><c> overlays</c><00:53:26.319><c> for</c><00:53:26.640><c> improving</c><00:53:26.960><c> the</c>

00:53:27.109 --> 00:53:27.119 align:start position:0%
some over overlays for improving the
 

00:53:27.119 --> 00:53:28.790 align:start position:0%
some over overlays for improving the
vision<00:53:27.440><c> system</c>

00:53:28.790 --> 00:53:28.800 align:start position:0%
vision system
 

00:53:28.800 --> 00:53:32.870 align:start position:0%
vision system
uh<00:53:29.119><c> visual</c><00:53:29.680><c> system</c><00:53:31.200><c> 2002</c><00:53:32.000><c> we</c><00:53:32.160><c> built</c><00:53:32.400><c> a</c><00:53:32.480><c> second</c>

00:53:32.870 --> 00:53:32.880 align:start position:0%
uh visual system 2002 we built a second
 

00:53:32.880 --> 00:53:34.549 align:start position:0%
uh visual system 2002 we built a second
unit

00:53:34.549 --> 00:53:34.559 align:start position:0%
unit
 

00:53:34.559 --> 00:53:37.430 align:start position:0%
unit
that<00:53:35.040><c> was</c><00:53:35.680><c> uh</c><00:53:35.920><c> robonaut</c><00:53:36.800><c> so</c><00:53:36.960><c> from</c><00:53:37.119><c> the</c><00:53:37.200><c> very</c>

00:53:37.430 --> 00:53:37.440 align:start position:0%
that was uh robonaut so from the very
 

00:53:37.440 --> 00:53:38.790 align:start position:0%
that was uh robonaut so from the very
beginning<00:53:37.920><c> i</c><00:53:38.319><c> called</c>

00:53:38.790 --> 00:53:38.800 align:start position:0%
beginning i called
 

00:53:38.800 --> 00:53:42.390 align:start position:0%
beginning i called
the<00:53:38.960><c> first</c><00:53:39.119><c> one</c><00:53:39.280><c> we</c><00:53:39.440><c> built</c><00:53:39.760><c> robonaut</c><00:53:40.480><c> 1</c><00:53:41.599><c> one</c>

00:53:42.390 --> 00:53:42.400 align:start position:0%
the first one we built robonaut 1 one
 

00:53:42.400 --> 00:53:46.069 align:start position:0%
the first one we built robonaut 1 one
r1a1<00:53:43.839><c> and</c><00:53:44.319><c> everybody</c><00:53:44.640><c> made</c><00:53:44.880><c> fun</c><00:53:45.040><c> of</c><00:53:45.119><c> me</c>

00:53:46.069 --> 00:53:46.079 align:start position:0%
r1a1 and everybody made fun of me
 

00:53:46.079 --> 00:53:47.829 align:start position:0%
r1a1 and everybody made fun of me
that<00:53:46.400><c> you</c><00:53:46.559><c> know</c><00:53:46.880><c> this</c><00:53:47.119><c> is</c><00:53:47.200><c> just</c><00:53:47.440><c> robin</c><00:53:47.760><c> on</c>

00:53:47.829 --> 00:53:47.839 align:start position:0%
that you know this is just robin on
 

00:53:47.839 --> 00:53:49.910 align:start position:0%
that you know this is just robin on
white<00:53:48.160><c> where</c><00:53:48.319><c> he</c><00:53:48.400><c> called</c><00:53:48.640><c> it</c><00:53:48.800><c> r1a1</c>

00:53:49.910 --> 00:53:49.920 align:start position:0%
white where he called it r1a1
 

00:53:49.920 --> 00:53:53.270 align:start position:0%
white where he called it r1a1
but<00:53:50.079><c> then</c><00:53:50.240><c> we</c><00:53:50.400><c> built</c><00:53:51.119><c> robonaut</c><00:53:51.920><c> 1b</c>

00:53:53.270 --> 00:53:53.280 align:start position:0%
but then we built robonaut 1b
 

00:53:53.280 --> 00:53:56.549 align:start position:0%
but then we built robonaut 1b
1<00:53:54.559><c> and</c><00:53:55.119><c> r1b1</c>

00:53:56.549 --> 00:53:56.559 align:start position:0%
1 and r1b1
 

00:53:56.559 --> 00:53:59.030 align:start position:0%
1 and r1b1
and<00:53:57.280><c> then</c><00:53:57.440><c> they</c><00:53:58.160><c> they</c><00:53:58.319><c> started</c><00:53:58.640><c> to</c><00:53:58.720><c> get</c><00:53:58.880><c> the</c>

00:53:59.030 --> 00:53:59.040 align:start position:0%
and then they they started to get the
 

00:53:59.040 --> 00:53:59.829 align:start position:0%
and then they they started to get the
picture

00:53:59.829 --> 00:53:59.839 align:start position:0%
picture
 

00:53:59.839 --> 00:54:02.470 align:start position:0%
picture
that<00:54:00.000><c> we</c><00:54:00.160><c> were</c><00:54:00.480><c> going</c><00:54:00.559><c> to</c><00:54:00.640><c> be</c><00:54:00.800><c> building</c><00:54:01.119><c> these</c>

00:54:02.470 --> 00:54:02.480 align:start position:0%
that we were going to be building these
 

00:54:02.480 --> 00:54:04.870 align:start position:0%
that we were going to be building these
for<00:54:02.640><c> a</c><00:54:02.720><c> while</c>

00:54:04.870 --> 00:54:04.880 align:start position:0%
for a while
 

00:54:04.880 --> 00:54:09.109 align:start position:0%
for a while
r1b1<00:54:06.079><c> was</c>

00:54:09.109 --> 00:54:09.119 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:54:09.119 --> 00:54:11.829 align:start position:0%
 
very<00:54:09.440><c> similar</c><00:54:10.160><c> to</c><00:54:10.319><c> the</c><00:54:10.400><c> first</c><00:54:10.880><c> but</c><00:54:11.520><c> all</c><00:54:11.680><c> the</c>

00:54:11.829 --> 00:54:11.839 align:start position:0%
very similar to the first but all the
 

00:54:11.839 --> 00:54:13.349 align:start position:0%
very similar to the first but all the
electronics

00:54:13.349 --> 00:54:13.359 align:start position:0%
electronics
 

00:54:13.359 --> 00:54:16.230 align:start position:0%
electronics
that<00:54:13.520><c> were</c><00:54:13.760><c> in</c><00:54:13.920><c> a</c><00:54:14.000><c> rack</c><00:54:14.880><c> behind</c><00:54:15.280><c> the</c><00:54:15.440><c> robot</c>

00:54:16.230 --> 00:54:16.240 align:start position:0%
that were in a rack behind the robot
 

00:54:16.240 --> 00:54:18.390 align:start position:0%
that were in a rack behind the robot
were<00:54:16.400><c> integrated</c><00:54:16.880><c> in</c><00:54:16.960><c> the</c><00:54:17.119><c> torso</c>

00:54:18.390 --> 00:54:18.400 align:start position:0%
were integrated in the torso
 

00:54:18.400 --> 00:54:20.150 align:start position:0%
were integrated in the torso
and<00:54:18.559><c> it</c><00:54:18.960><c> was</c><00:54:19.119><c> the</c><00:54:19.200><c> first</c><00:54:19.440><c> time</c><00:54:19.599><c> we</c><00:54:19.760><c> built</c><00:54:20.000><c> a</c>

00:54:20.150 --> 00:54:20.160 align:start position:0%
and it was the first time we built a
 

00:54:20.160 --> 00:54:22.790 align:start position:0%
and it was the first time we built a
lower<00:54:20.400><c> body</c><00:54:21.200><c> and</c><00:54:21.359><c> we</c><00:54:21.520><c> built</c><00:54:21.760><c> a</c><00:54:21.920><c> single</c><00:54:22.319><c> leg</c><00:54:22.640><c> for</c>

00:54:22.790 --> 00:54:22.800 align:start position:0%
lower body and we built a single leg for
 

00:54:22.800 --> 00:54:23.430 align:start position:0%
lower body and we built a single leg for
climbing

00:54:23.430 --> 00:54:23.440 align:start position:0%
climbing
 

00:54:23.440 --> 00:54:26.150 align:start position:0%
climbing
and<00:54:23.680><c> zero</c><00:54:24.160><c> gravity</c><00:54:25.359><c> and</c><00:54:25.520><c> we</c><00:54:25.680><c> did</c><00:54:25.760><c> a</c><00:54:25.839><c> number</c><00:54:26.079><c> of</c>

00:54:26.150 --> 00:54:26.160 align:start position:0%
and zero gravity and we did a number of
 

00:54:26.160 --> 00:54:27.750 align:start position:0%
and zero gravity and we did a number of
experiments<00:54:26.720><c> on</c><00:54:26.800><c> a</c><00:54:26.880><c> flat</c><00:54:27.200><c> floor</c><00:54:27.520><c> kind</c><00:54:27.680><c> of</c>

00:54:27.750 --> 00:54:27.760 align:start position:0%
experiments on a flat floor kind of
 

00:54:27.760 --> 00:54:28.390 align:start position:0%
experiments on a flat floor kind of
hovering

00:54:28.390 --> 00:54:28.400 align:start position:0%
hovering
 

00:54:28.400 --> 00:54:30.710 align:start position:0%
hovering
climbing<00:54:28.880><c> stabilizing</c><00:54:29.520><c> with</c><00:54:29.680><c> the</c><00:54:29.839><c> leg</c><00:54:30.480><c> while</c>

00:54:30.710 --> 00:54:30.720 align:start position:0%
climbing stabilizing with the leg while
 

00:54:30.720 --> 00:54:32.150 align:start position:0%
climbing stabilizing with the leg while
working<00:54:31.040><c> with</c><00:54:31.200><c> the</c><00:54:31.280><c> hands</c><00:54:31.760><c> being</c><00:54:31.920><c> able</c><00:54:32.079><c> to</c>

00:54:32.150 --> 00:54:32.160 align:start position:0%
working with the hands being able to
 

00:54:32.160 --> 00:54:33.190 align:start position:0%
working with the hands being able to
move<00:54:32.400><c> the</c><00:54:32.480><c> body</c>

00:54:33.190 --> 00:54:33.200 align:start position:0%
move the body
 

00:54:33.200 --> 00:54:36.309 align:start position:0%
move the body
on<00:54:33.359><c> the</c><00:54:33.520><c> leg</c>

00:54:36.309 --> 00:54:36.319 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:54:36.319 --> 00:54:38.390 align:start position:0%
 
we<00:54:36.880><c> later</c><00:54:37.280><c> because</c><00:54:37.599><c> the</c><00:54:37.760><c> torso</c><00:54:38.240><c> was</c>

00:54:38.390 --> 00:54:38.400 align:start position:0%
we later because the torso was
 

00:54:38.400 --> 00:54:39.670 align:start position:0%
we later because the torso was
self-contained

00:54:39.670 --> 00:54:39.680 align:start position:0%
self-contained
 

00:54:39.680 --> 00:54:42.069 align:start position:0%
self-contained
we<00:54:39.760><c> could</c><00:54:40.000><c> do</c><00:54:40.160><c> that</c><00:54:41.119><c> and</c><00:54:41.280><c> we</c><00:54:41.520><c> later</c><00:54:41.760><c> started</c>

00:54:42.069 --> 00:54:42.079 align:start position:0%
we could do that and we later started
 

00:54:42.079 --> 00:54:44.309 align:start position:0%
we could do that and we later started
swapping<00:54:42.559><c> out</c><00:54:42.720><c> other</c><00:54:42.880><c> lower</c><00:54:43.119><c> bodies</c>

00:54:44.309 --> 00:54:44.319 align:start position:0%
swapping out other lower bodies
 

00:54:44.319 --> 00:54:48.230 align:start position:0%
swapping out other lower bodies
got<00:54:44.480><c> a</c><00:54:44.880><c> great</c><00:54:45.280><c> project</c><00:54:45.599><c> with</c><00:54:45.760><c> darpa</c><00:54:46.880><c> about</c>

00:54:48.230 --> 00:54:48.240 align:start position:0%
got a great project with darpa about
 

00:54:48.240 --> 00:54:51.270 align:start position:0%
got a great project with darpa about
about<00:54:48.480><c> that</c><00:54:48.720><c> time</c><00:54:49.599><c> and</c>

00:54:51.270 --> 00:54:51.280 align:start position:0%
about that time and
 

00:54:51.280 --> 00:54:53.829 align:start position:0%
about that time and
they<00:54:51.520><c> gave</c><00:54:51.760><c> us</c><00:54:52.079><c> doug</c><00:54:52.319><c> gage</c><00:54:53.040><c> uh</c><00:54:53.359><c> actually</c><00:54:53.680><c> mark</c>

00:54:53.829 --> 00:54:53.839 align:start position:0%
they gave us doug gage uh actually mark
 

00:54:53.839 --> 00:54:55.430 align:start position:0%
they gave us doug gage uh actually mark
swenson<00:54:54.240><c> was</c><00:54:54.480><c> our</c><00:54:54.559><c> first</c><00:54:54.799><c> tarpon</c><00:54:55.119><c> program</c>

00:54:55.430 --> 00:54:55.440 align:start position:0%
swenson was our first tarpon program
 

00:54:55.440 --> 00:54:56.230 align:start position:0%
swenson was our first tarpon program
manager

00:54:56.230 --> 00:54:56.240 align:start position:0%
manager
 

00:54:56.240 --> 00:54:58.230 align:start position:0%
manager
he<00:54:56.400><c> believed</c><00:54:56.799><c> in</c><00:54:56.880><c> us</c><00:54:57.359><c> if</c><00:54:57.520><c> he</c><00:54:57.599><c> hadn't</c><00:54:57.760><c> given</c><00:54:58.079><c> us</c>

00:54:58.230 --> 00:54:58.240 align:start position:0%
he believed in us if he hadn't given us
 

00:54:58.240 --> 00:54:59.829 align:start position:0%
he believed in us if he hadn't given us
our<00:54:58.319><c> first</c><00:54:58.720><c> contract</c><00:54:59.200><c> we</c><00:54:59.359><c> would</c><00:54:59.520><c> have</c><00:54:59.599><c> been</c>

00:54:59.829 --> 00:54:59.839 align:start position:0%
our first contract we would have been
 

00:54:59.839 --> 00:55:01.589 align:start position:0%
our first contract we would have been
absolutely<00:55:00.319><c> dead</c>

00:55:01.589 --> 00:55:01.599 align:start position:0%
absolutely dead
 

00:55:01.599 --> 00:55:04.230 align:start position:0%
absolutely dead
uh<00:55:01.839><c> he</c><00:55:02.079><c> believed</c><00:55:02.400><c> in</c><00:55:02.559><c> us</c><00:55:03.040><c> and</c><00:55:03.359><c> gave</c><00:55:03.599><c> us</c><00:55:03.760><c> our</c>

00:55:04.230 --> 00:55:04.240 align:start position:0%
uh he believed in us and gave us our
 

00:55:04.240 --> 00:55:05.510 align:start position:0%
uh he believed in us and gave us our
first<00:55:04.559><c> real</c>

00:55:05.510 --> 00:55:05.520 align:start position:0%
first real
 

00:55:05.520 --> 00:55:08.630 align:start position:0%
first real
grant<00:55:06.640><c> and</c><00:55:06.799><c> then</c><00:55:07.280><c> uh</c><00:55:07.520><c> doug</c><00:55:07.760><c> gage</c><00:55:08.079><c> came</c><00:55:08.319><c> in</c>

00:55:08.630 --> 00:55:08.640 align:start position:0%
grant and then uh doug gage came in
 

00:55:08.640 --> 00:55:11.349 align:start position:0%
grant and then uh doug gage came in
and<00:55:08.880><c> teamed</c><00:55:09.200><c> us</c><00:55:09.359><c> up</c><00:55:09.599><c> with</c><00:55:10.000><c> a</c><00:55:10.160><c> great</c><00:55:10.480><c> group</c><00:55:10.799><c> of</c>

00:55:11.349 --> 00:55:11.359 align:start position:0%
and teamed us up with a great group of
 

00:55:11.359 --> 00:55:13.190 align:start position:0%
and teamed us up with a great group of
university<00:55:11.920><c> researchers</c>

00:55:13.190 --> 00:55:13.200 align:start position:0%
university researchers
 

00:55:13.200 --> 00:55:14.710 align:start position:0%
university researchers
thinking<00:55:13.520><c> about</c><00:55:13.680><c> autonomous</c><00:55:14.240><c> control</c>

00:55:14.710 --> 00:55:14.720 align:start position:0%
thinking about autonomous control
 

00:55:14.720 --> 00:55:16.390 align:start position:0%
thinking about autonomous control
manipulation

00:55:16.390 --> 00:55:16.400 align:start position:0%
manipulation
 

00:55:16.400 --> 00:55:18.710 align:start position:0%
manipulation
so<00:55:16.559><c> there</c><00:55:16.960><c> i</c><00:55:17.119><c> got</c><00:55:17.440><c> i</c><00:55:17.520><c> got</c><00:55:17.680><c> working</c><00:55:18.000><c> with</c><00:55:18.400><c> rod</c>

00:55:18.710 --> 00:55:18.720 align:start position:0%
so there i got i got working with rod
 

00:55:18.720 --> 00:55:21.670 align:start position:0%
so there i got i got working with rod
groupen<00:55:19.359><c> university</c><00:55:19.839><c> of</c><00:55:19.920><c> massachusetts</c>

00:55:21.670 --> 00:55:21.680 align:start position:0%
groupen university of massachusetts
 

00:55:21.680 --> 00:55:25.109 align:start position:0%
groupen university of massachusetts
and<00:55:22.240><c> alan</c><00:55:22.559><c> peters</c><00:55:23.200><c> at</c><00:55:23.359><c> vanderbilt</c>

00:55:25.109 --> 00:55:25.119 align:start position:0%
and alan peters at vanderbilt
 

00:55:25.119 --> 00:55:28.549 align:start position:0%
and alan peters at vanderbilt
and<00:55:27.680><c> maya</c><00:55:27.920><c> matarik</c>

00:55:28.549 --> 00:55:28.559 align:start position:0%
and maya matarik
 

00:55:28.559 --> 00:55:34.230 align:start position:0%
and maya matarik
usc<00:55:30.160><c> and</c><00:55:30.480><c> cynthia</c><00:55:30.880><c> brazil</c><00:55:31.520><c> at</c><00:55:32.839><c> mit</c>

00:55:34.230 --> 00:55:34.240 align:start position:0%
usc and cynthia brazil at mit
 

00:55:34.240 --> 00:55:38.630 align:start position:0%
usc and cynthia brazil at mit
and<00:55:35.599><c> their</c><00:55:35.839><c> students</c>

00:55:38.630 --> 00:55:38.640 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:55:38.640 --> 00:55:42.549 align:start position:0%
 
great<00:55:39.040><c> team</c><00:55:39.760><c> uh</c><00:55:40.400><c> mark</c><00:55:41.599><c> doug</c><00:55:41.839><c> gage</c><00:55:42.079><c> gave</c><00:55:42.319><c> us</c><00:55:42.480><c> a</c>

00:55:42.549 --> 00:55:42.559 align:start position:0%
great team uh mark doug gage gave us a
 

00:55:42.559 --> 00:55:43.270 align:start position:0%
great team uh mark doug gage gave us a
segway

00:55:43.270 --> 00:55:43.280 align:start position:0%
segway
 

00:55:43.280 --> 00:55:46.069 align:start position:0%
segway
and<00:55:43.440><c> we</c><00:55:43.599><c> put</c><00:55:44.240><c> r1b1</c><00:55:44.960><c> on</c><00:55:45.119><c> this</c><00:55:45.280><c> segway</c><00:55:45.680><c> which</c><00:55:45.920><c> was</c>

00:55:46.069 --> 00:55:46.079 align:start position:0%
and we put r1b1 on this segway which was
 

00:55:46.079 --> 00:55:47.430 align:start position:0%
and we put r1b1 on this segway which was
terrifying

00:55:47.430 --> 00:55:47.440 align:start position:0%
terrifying
 

00:55:47.440 --> 00:55:50.069 align:start position:0%
terrifying
had<00:55:47.599><c> a</c><00:55:48.000><c> multi-billion</c><00:55:48.559><c> dollar</c><00:55:48.880><c> robot</c>

00:55:50.069 --> 00:55:50.079 align:start position:0%
had a multi-billion dollar robot
 

00:55:50.079 --> 00:55:51.829 align:start position:0%
had a multi-billion dollar robot
balancing

00:55:51.829 --> 00:55:51.839 align:start position:0%
balancing
 

00:55:51.839 --> 00:55:55.670 align:start position:0%
balancing
wow<00:55:53.680><c> but</c><00:55:53.839><c> we</c><00:55:54.160><c> we</c><00:55:54.319><c> really</c><00:55:54.640><c> learned</c><00:55:54.880><c> a</c><00:55:54.960><c> lot</c><00:55:55.119><c> about</c>

00:55:55.670 --> 00:55:55.680 align:start position:0%
wow but we we really learned a lot about
 

00:55:55.680 --> 00:55:58.150 align:start position:0%
wow but we we really learned a lot about
mobile<00:55:56.000><c> manipulation</c><00:55:57.440><c> bringing</c><00:55:57.760><c> mobility</c>

00:55:58.150 --> 00:55:58.160 align:start position:0%
mobile manipulation bringing mobility
 

00:55:58.160 --> 00:56:01.109 align:start position:0%
mobile manipulation bringing mobility
together<00:55:58.480><c> with</c><00:55:58.640><c> manipulation</c>

00:56:01.109 --> 00:56:01.119 align:start position:0%
together with manipulation
 

00:56:01.119 --> 00:56:03.510 align:start position:0%
together with manipulation
and<00:56:01.200><c> we</c><00:56:01.359><c> learned</c><00:56:01.680><c> how</c><00:56:02.559><c> that</c><00:56:02.960><c> design</c><00:56:03.359><c> was</c>

00:56:03.510 --> 00:56:03.520 align:start position:0%
and we learned how that design was
 

00:56:03.520 --> 00:56:04.789 align:start position:0%
and we learned how that design was
really<00:56:03.839><c> bad</c>

00:56:04.789 --> 00:56:04.799 align:start position:0%
really bad
 

00:56:04.799 --> 00:56:07.670 align:start position:0%
really bad
that<00:56:05.040><c> the</c><00:56:05.680><c> the</c><00:56:06.000><c> torso</c><00:56:06.559><c> on</c><00:56:06.720><c> a</c><00:56:06.799><c> segway</c><00:56:07.280><c> was</c><00:56:07.520><c> not</c>

00:56:07.670 --> 00:56:07.680 align:start position:0%
that the the torso on a segway was not
 

00:56:07.680 --> 00:56:08.789 align:start position:0%
that the the torso on a segway was not
the<00:56:07.839><c> right</c><00:56:08.079><c> answer</c>

00:56:08.789 --> 00:56:08.799 align:start position:0%
the right answer
 

00:56:08.799 --> 00:56:11.750 align:start position:0%
the right answer
it<00:56:08.960><c> could</c><00:56:09.119><c> not</c><00:56:09.280><c> reach</c><00:56:09.520><c> the</c><00:56:09.680><c> ground</c><00:56:11.440><c> so</c><00:56:11.599><c> if</c><00:56:11.680><c> it</c>

00:56:11.750 --> 00:56:11.760 align:start position:0%
it could not reach the ground so if it
 

00:56:11.760 --> 00:56:12.549 align:start position:0%
it could not reach the ground so if it
dropped<00:56:12.079><c> something</c>

00:56:12.549 --> 00:56:12.559 align:start position:0%
dropped something
 

00:56:12.559 --> 00:56:14.390 align:start position:0%
dropped something
it<00:56:12.720><c> had</c><00:56:12.880><c> no</c><00:56:13.040><c> ability</c><00:56:13.440><c> even</c><00:56:13.599><c> with</c><00:56:13.920><c> robonaut's</c>

00:56:14.390 --> 00:56:14.400 align:start position:0%
it had no ability even with robonaut's
 

00:56:14.400 --> 00:56:17.829 align:start position:0%
it had no ability even with robonaut's
arms<00:56:14.839><c> being</c><00:56:15.920><c> pretty</c><00:56:16.160><c> long</c>

00:56:17.829 --> 00:56:17.839 align:start position:0%
arms being pretty long
 

00:56:17.839 --> 00:56:20.309 align:start position:0%
arms being pretty long
it<00:56:18.000><c> still</c><00:56:18.240><c> could</c><00:56:18.400><c> not</c><00:56:18.559><c> reach</c><00:56:18.880><c> the</c><00:56:18.960><c> ground</c><00:56:20.079><c> so</c>

00:56:20.309 --> 00:56:20.319 align:start position:0%
it still could not reach the ground so
 

00:56:20.319 --> 00:56:22.470 align:start position:0%
it still could not reach the ground so
at<00:56:20.400><c> that</c><00:56:20.640><c> point</c><00:56:20.880><c> i</c><00:56:20.960><c> realized</c>

00:56:22.470 --> 00:56:22.480 align:start position:0%
at that point i realized
 

00:56:22.480 --> 00:56:25.829 align:start position:0%
at that point i realized
that<00:56:23.599><c> just</c><00:56:23.920><c> bolting</c><00:56:24.319><c> manipulators</c>

00:56:25.829 --> 00:56:25.839 align:start position:0%
that just bolting manipulators
 

00:56:25.839 --> 00:56:29.270 align:start position:0%
that just bolting manipulators
on<00:56:26.079><c> rovers</c><00:56:27.359><c> was</c><00:56:27.599><c> not</c><00:56:27.839><c> the</c><00:56:28.000><c> right</c>

00:56:29.270 --> 00:56:29.280 align:start position:0%
on rovers was not the right
 

00:56:29.280 --> 00:56:31.270 align:start position:0%
on rovers was not the right
thing<00:56:29.440><c> to</c><00:56:29.520><c> do</c><00:56:29.760><c> it's</c><00:56:29.920><c> easy</c><00:56:30.160><c> to</c><00:56:30.240><c> do</c><00:56:30.960><c> but</c><00:56:31.119><c> it's</c>

00:56:31.270 --> 00:56:31.280 align:start position:0%
thing to do it's easy to do but it's
 

00:56:31.280 --> 00:56:32.390 align:start position:0%
thing to do it's easy to do but it's
clunky

00:56:32.390 --> 00:56:32.400 align:start position:0%
clunky
 

00:56:32.400 --> 00:56:33.910 align:start position:0%
clunky
that<00:56:32.559><c> just</c><00:56:32.799><c> you</c><00:56:32.960><c> got</c><00:56:33.119><c> this</c><00:56:33.280><c> part</c><00:56:33.520><c> you</c><00:56:33.599><c> got</c><00:56:33.760><c> this</c>

00:56:33.910 --> 00:56:33.920 align:start position:0%
that just you got this part you got this
 

00:56:33.920 --> 00:56:35.670 align:start position:0%
that just you got this part you got this
part<00:56:34.640><c> they</c><00:56:34.799><c> weren't</c><00:56:35.119><c> designed</c><00:56:35.440><c> to</c><00:56:35.520><c> go</c>

00:56:35.670 --> 00:56:35.680 align:start position:0%
part they weren't designed to go
 

00:56:35.680 --> 00:56:37.030 align:start position:0%
part they weren't designed to go
together

00:56:37.030 --> 00:56:37.040 align:start position:0%
together
 

00:56:37.040 --> 00:56:39.829 align:start position:0%
together
and<00:56:37.200><c> if</c><00:56:37.359><c> the</c><00:56:37.839><c> mobility</c><00:56:38.960><c> system</c><00:56:39.280><c> had</c><00:56:39.440><c> ever</c><00:56:39.680><c> seen</c>

00:56:39.829 --> 00:56:39.839 align:start position:0%
and if the mobility system had ever seen
 

00:56:39.839 --> 00:56:41.030 align:start position:0%
and if the mobility system had ever seen
the<00:56:39.920><c> manipulator</c><00:56:40.480><c> when</c><00:56:40.640><c> it</c><00:56:40.720><c> was</c><00:56:40.880><c> being</c>

00:56:41.030 --> 00:56:41.040 align:start position:0%
the manipulator when it was being
 

00:56:41.040 --> 00:56:42.150 align:start position:0%
the manipulator when it was being
designed<00:56:41.440><c> it</c><00:56:41.520><c> would</c><00:56:41.599><c> have</c><00:56:41.680><c> been</c><00:56:41.839><c> designed</c>

00:56:42.150 --> 00:56:42.160 align:start position:0%
designed it would have been designed
 

00:56:42.160 --> 00:56:43.190 align:start position:0%
designed it would have been designed
differently

00:56:43.190 --> 00:56:43.200 align:start position:0%
differently
 

00:56:43.200 --> 00:56:45.190 align:start position:0%
differently
if<00:56:43.359><c> the</c><00:56:43.520><c> manipulator</c><00:56:44.319><c> design</c><00:56:44.720><c> had</c><00:56:44.799><c> never</c><00:56:45.040><c> been</c>

00:56:45.190 --> 00:56:45.200 align:start position:0%
if the manipulator design had never been
 

00:56:45.200 --> 00:56:47.589 align:start position:0%
if the manipulator design had never been
designed<00:56:46.160><c> thinking</c><00:56:46.480><c> about</c><00:56:46.799><c> mobility</c>

00:56:47.589 --> 00:56:47.599 align:start position:0%
designed thinking about mobility
 

00:56:47.599 --> 00:56:50.549 align:start position:0%
designed thinking about mobility
it<00:56:47.680><c> would</c><00:56:47.920><c> have</c><00:56:48.000><c> been</c><00:56:48.160><c> different</c><00:56:49.440><c> so</c><00:56:49.760><c> if</c><00:56:50.079><c> you</c>

00:56:50.549 --> 00:56:50.559 align:start position:0%
it would have been different so if you
 

00:56:50.559 --> 00:56:51.990 align:start position:0%
it would have been different so if you
hook<00:56:50.799><c> them</c><00:56:50.880><c> together</c>

00:56:51.990 --> 00:56:52.000 align:start position:0%
hook them together
 

00:56:52.000 --> 00:56:53.750 align:start position:0%
hook them together
because<00:56:52.319><c> you</c><00:56:52.480><c> can</c><00:56:52.880><c> but</c><00:56:53.040><c> then</c><00:56:53.200><c> you</c><00:56:53.359><c> realize</c>

00:56:53.750 --> 00:56:53.760 align:start position:0%
because you can but then you realize
 

00:56:53.760 --> 00:56:56.870 align:start position:0%
because you can but then you realize
that<00:56:54.799><c> arm</c><00:56:54.960><c> can't</c><00:56:55.119><c> reach</c><00:56:55.359><c> the</c><00:56:55.440><c> ground</c>

00:56:56.870 --> 00:56:56.880 align:start position:0%
that arm can't reach the ground
 

00:56:56.880 --> 00:56:58.950 align:start position:0%
that arm can't reach the ground
and<00:56:57.040><c> the</c><00:56:57.119><c> arm</c><00:56:57.359><c> can't</c><00:56:57.520><c> reach</c><00:56:58.240><c> here's</c><00:56:58.559><c> that</c><00:56:58.640><c> spot</c>

00:56:58.950 --> 00:56:58.960 align:start position:0%
and the arm can't reach here's that spot
 

00:56:58.960 --> 00:57:00.069 align:start position:0%
and the arm can't reach here's that spot
in<00:56:59.040><c> the</c><00:56:59.040><c> middle</c><00:56:59.280><c> of</c><00:56:59.359><c> your</c><00:56:59.440><c> back</c><00:56:59.680><c> you</c><00:56:59.760><c> can't</c>

00:57:00.069 --> 00:57:00.079 align:start position:0%
in the middle of your back you can't
 

00:57:00.079 --> 00:57:01.349 align:start position:0%
in the middle of your back you can't
quite<00:57:00.319><c> reach</c>

00:57:01.349 --> 00:57:01.359 align:start position:0%
quite reach
 

00:57:01.359 --> 00:57:03.030 align:start position:0%
quite reach
most<00:57:01.599><c> mobile</c><00:57:01.920><c> manipulation</c><00:57:02.559><c> system</c><00:57:02.880><c> that</c>

00:57:03.030 --> 00:57:03.040 align:start position:0%
most mobile manipulation system that
 

00:57:03.040 --> 00:57:05.030 align:start position:0%
most mobile manipulation system that
spot<00:57:03.359><c> is</c><00:57:03.839><c> huge</c>

00:57:05.030 --> 00:57:05.040 align:start position:0%
spot is huge
 

00:57:05.040 --> 00:57:07.270 align:start position:0%
spot is huge
and<00:57:05.200><c> it's</c><00:57:05.359><c> a</c><00:57:05.440><c> majority</c><00:57:06.000><c> of</c><00:57:06.079><c> the</c><00:57:06.720><c> robot</c><00:57:07.040><c> that</c><00:57:07.200><c> it</c>

00:57:07.270 --> 00:57:07.280 align:start position:0%
and it's a majority of the robot that it
 

00:57:07.280 --> 00:57:08.230 align:start position:0%
and it's a majority of the robot that it
can't<00:57:07.520><c> reach</c>

00:57:08.230 --> 00:57:08.240 align:start position:0%
can't reach
 

00:57:08.240 --> 00:57:10.630 align:start position:0%
can't reach
and<00:57:08.400><c> that's</c><00:57:08.640><c> really</c><00:57:08.960><c> wrong</c><00:57:10.319><c> mobile</c>

00:57:10.630 --> 00:57:10.640 align:start position:0%
and that's really wrong mobile
 

00:57:10.640 --> 00:57:12.230 align:start position:0%
and that's really wrong mobile
manipulation<00:57:11.280><c> should</c><00:57:11.440><c> be</c><00:57:11.599><c> able</c><00:57:11.680><c> to</c><00:57:11.839><c> scratch</c>

00:57:12.230 --> 00:57:12.240 align:start position:0%
manipulation should be able to scratch
 

00:57:12.240 --> 00:57:13.510 align:start position:0%
manipulation should be able to scratch
an<00:57:12.400><c> edge</c>

00:57:13.510 --> 00:57:13.520 align:start position:0%
an edge
 

00:57:13.520 --> 00:57:16.789 align:start position:0%
an edge
wherever<00:57:13.920><c> it's</c><00:57:14.079><c> got</c><00:57:14.319><c> it</c><00:57:15.359><c> um</c>

00:57:16.789 --> 00:57:16.799 align:start position:0%
wherever it's got it um
 

00:57:16.799 --> 00:57:20.470 align:start position:0%
wherever it's got it um
we're<00:57:17.040><c> gonna</c><00:57:17.280><c> stick</c><00:57:18.319><c> uh</c>

00:57:20.470 --> 00:57:20.480 align:start position:0%
we're gonna stick uh
 

00:57:20.480 --> 00:57:23.750 align:start position:0%
we're gonna stick uh
the<00:57:20.720><c> uh</c><00:57:22.400><c> the</c><00:57:22.640><c> last</c><00:57:22.880><c> thing</c><00:57:23.040><c> we</c><00:57:23.200><c> did</c><00:57:23.359><c> with</c>

00:57:23.750 --> 00:57:23.760 align:start position:0%
the uh the last thing we did with
 

00:57:23.760 --> 00:57:26.309 align:start position:0%
the uh the last thing we did with
the<00:57:23.920><c> robonaut</c><00:57:24.400><c> one</c><00:57:24.880><c> series</c><00:57:25.359><c> was</c><00:57:25.599><c> we</c><00:57:25.920><c> we</c><00:57:26.079><c> built</c>

00:57:26.309 --> 00:57:26.319 align:start position:0%
the robonaut one series was we we built
 

00:57:26.319 --> 00:57:28.470 align:start position:0%
the robonaut one series was we we built
a<00:57:26.400><c> custom</c><00:57:26.880><c> rover</c>

00:57:28.470 --> 00:57:28.480 align:start position:0%
a custom rover
 

00:57:28.480 --> 00:57:31.190 align:start position:0%
a custom rover
and<00:57:28.720><c> we</c><00:57:29.359><c> we</c><00:57:29.599><c> solved</c><00:57:29.839><c> this</c><00:57:30.079><c> problem</c><00:57:30.640><c> we</c><00:57:31.040><c> went</c>

00:57:31.190 --> 00:57:31.200 align:start position:0%
and we we solved this problem we went
 

00:57:31.200 --> 00:57:32.870 align:start position:0%
and we we solved this problem we went
after<00:57:31.520><c> a</c><00:57:31.599><c> number</c><00:57:31.839><c> of</c><00:57:31.920><c> things</c><00:57:32.160><c> we</c><00:57:32.319><c> built</c><00:57:32.559><c> a</c>

00:57:32.870 --> 00:57:32.880 align:start position:0%
after a number of things we built a
 

00:57:32.880 --> 00:57:33.670 align:start position:0%
after a number of things we built a
mid-joint

00:57:33.670 --> 00:57:33.680 align:start position:0%
mid-joint
 

00:57:33.680 --> 00:57:36.069 align:start position:0%
mid-joint
mid<00:57:33.920><c> waist</c><00:57:35.040><c> that</c><00:57:35.200><c> would</c><00:57:35.440><c> allow</c><00:57:35.680><c> the</c><00:57:35.839><c> upper</c>

00:57:36.069 --> 00:57:36.079 align:start position:0%
mid waist that would allow the upper
 

00:57:36.079 --> 00:57:38.069 align:start position:0%
mid waist that would allow the upper
torso<00:57:36.480><c> to</c><00:57:36.640><c> bend</c><00:57:36.880><c> all</c><00:57:36.960><c> the</c><00:57:37.040><c> way</c><00:57:37.200><c> down</c>

00:57:38.069 --> 00:57:38.079 align:start position:0%
torso to bend all the way down
 

00:57:38.079 --> 00:57:41.109 align:start position:0%
torso to bend all the way down
get<00:57:38.960><c> close</c><00:57:39.200><c> to</c><00:57:39.280><c> the</c><00:57:39.440><c> ground</c><00:57:40.480><c> had</c><00:57:40.640><c> a</c><00:57:40.799><c> spine</c>

00:57:41.109 --> 00:57:41.119 align:start position:0%
get close to the ground had a spine
 

00:57:41.119 --> 00:57:43.270 align:start position:0%
get close to the ground had a spine
rotation<00:57:41.599><c> where</c><00:57:41.760><c> it</c><00:57:41.839><c> could</c><00:57:41.920><c> rotate</c><00:57:42.240><c> around</c>

00:57:43.270 --> 00:57:43.280 align:start position:0%
rotation where it could rotate around
 

00:57:43.280 --> 00:57:45.589 align:start position:0%
rotation where it could rotate around
we<00:57:43.440><c> put</c><00:57:43.599><c> a</c><00:57:43.680><c> little</c><00:57:43.839><c> workbench</c><00:57:45.040><c> on</c><00:57:45.200><c> the</c><00:57:45.280><c> tail</c>

00:57:45.589 --> 00:57:45.599 align:start position:0%
we put a little workbench on the tail
 

00:57:45.599 --> 00:57:47.990 align:start position:0%
we put a little workbench on the tail
end<00:57:45.760><c> of</c><00:57:45.839><c> the</c><00:57:46.240><c> of</c><00:57:46.400><c> the</c><00:57:46.480><c> rover</c><00:57:46.880><c> chassis</c>

00:57:47.990 --> 00:57:48.000 align:start position:0%
end of the of the rover chassis
 

00:57:48.000 --> 00:57:50.710 align:start position:0%
end of the of the rover chassis
where<00:57:48.400><c> it</c><00:57:48.559><c> could</c><00:57:48.799><c> set</c><00:57:49.040><c> things</c><00:57:49.359><c> down</c><00:57:50.480><c> so</c><00:57:50.640><c> it</c>

00:57:50.710 --> 00:57:50.720 align:start position:0%
where it could set things down so it
 

00:57:50.720 --> 00:57:52.150 align:start position:0%
where it could set things down so it
didn't<00:57:50.880><c> have</c><00:57:51.040><c> to</c><00:57:51.200><c> always</c><00:57:51.520><c> carry</c><00:57:51.839><c> it</c>

00:57:52.150 --> 00:57:52.160 align:start position:0%
didn't have to always carry it
 

00:57:52.160 --> 00:57:53.750 align:start position:0%
didn't have to always carry it
it<00:57:52.319><c> could</c><00:57:52.720><c> pick</c><00:57:52.880><c> things</c><00:57:53.119><c> up</c><00:57:53.359><c> and</c><00:57:53.440><c> set</c><00:57:53.599><c> things</c>

00:57:53.750 --> 00:57:53.760 align:start position:0%
it could pick things up and set things
 

00:57:53.760 --> 00:57:55.589 align:start position:0%
it could pick things up and set things
down<00:57:54.000><c> it</c><00:57:54.079><c> could</c><00:57:54.160><c> have</c><00:57:54.400><c> tools</c>

00:57:55.589 --> 00:57:55.599 align:start position:0%
down it could have tools
 

00:57:55.599 --> 00:57:56.950 align:start position:0%
down it could have tools
that<00:57:55.760><c> it</c><00:57:55.839><c> could</c><00:57:56.000><c> use</c><00:57:56.319><c> on</c><00:57:56.480><c> its</c><00:57:56.640><c> own</c><00:57:56.799><c> little</c>

00:57:56.950 --> 00:57:56.960 align:start position:0%
that it could use on its own little
 

00:57:56.960 --> 00:57:58.630 align:start position:0%
that it could use on its own little
workbench

00:57:58.630 --> 00:57:58.640 align:start position:0%
workbench
 

00:57:58.640 --> 00:58:01.990 align:start position:0%
workbench
and<00:58:00.000><c> i'm</c><00:58:00.480><c> i</c><00:58:00.640><c> was</c><00:58:00.880><c> just</c><00:58:01.040><c> looking</c><00:58:01.280><c> at</c><00:58:01.440><c> some</c>

00:58:01.990 --> 00:58:02.000 align:start position:0%
and i'm i was just looking at some
 

00:58:02.000 --> 00:58:04.950 align:start position:0%
and i'm i was just looking at some
robots<00:58:02.480><c> downstairs</c><00:58:03.119><c> and</c><00:58:04.319><c> an</c><00:58:04.480><c> exhibit</c><00:58:04.799><c> hall</c>

00:58:04.950 --> 00:58:04.960 align:start position:0%
robots downstairs and an exhibit hall
 

00:58:04.960 --> 00:58:06.390 align:start position:0%
robots downstairs and an exhibit hall
that<00:58:05.119><c> had</c><00:58:05.280><c> a</c><00:58:05.359><c> little</c><00:58:05.599><c> tray</c><00:58:05.920><c> where</c><00:58:06.079><c> it</c><00:58:06.160><c> could</c>

00:58:06.390 --> 00:58:06.400 align:start position:0%
that had a little tray where it could
 

00:58:06.400 --> 00:58:07.589 align:start position:0%
that had a little tray where it could
set<00:58:06.640><c> things</c><00:58:06.880><c> on</c><00:58:07.040><c> its</c>

00:58:07.589 --> 00:58:07.599 align:start position:0%
set things on its
 

00:58:07.599 --> 00:58:12.150 align:start position:0%
set things on its
self<00:58:09.119><c> you</c><00:58:09.200><c> know</c><00:58:09.440><c> what</c><00:58:09.680><c> a</c><00:58:10.160><c> practical</c><00:58:10.799><c> idea</c>

00:58:12.150 --> 00:58:12.160 align:start position:0%
self you know what a practical idea
 

00:58:12.160 --> 00:58:15.510 align:start position:0%
self you know what a practical idea
and<00:58:12.319><c> we</c><00:58:12.400><c> did</c><00:58:12.559><c> that</c><00:58:12.799><c> in</c><00:58:12.960><c> 2006</c><00:58:14.480><c> had</c><00:58:14.720><c> a</c>

00:58:15.510 --> 00:58:15.520 align:start position:0%
and we did that in 2006 had a
 

00:58:15.520 --> 00:58:18.309 align:start position:0%
and we did that in 2006 had a
nice<00:58:15.839><c> size</c><00:58:16.799><c> workbench</c><00:58:17.440><c> that</c><00:58:17.760><c> rubinak</c><00:58:18.160><c> could</c>

00:58:18.309 --> 00:58:18.319 align:start position:0%
nice size workbench that rubinak could
 

00:58:18.319 --> 00:58:20.789 align:start position:0%
nice size workbench that rubinak could
turn<00:58:18.480><c> around</c><00:58:18.720><c> so</c>

00:58:20.789 --> 00:58:20.799 align:start position:0%
turn around so
 

00:58:20.799 --> 00:58:24.309 align:start position:0%
turn around so
the<00:58:21.440><c> torso</c><00:58:22.400><c> had</c><00:58:22.640><c> an</c><00:58:22.799><c> additional</c><00:58:23.599><c> mid</c>

00:58:24.309 --> 00:58:24.319 align:start position:0%
the torso had an additional mid
 

00:58:24.319 --> 00:58:27.190 align:start position:0%
the torso had an additional mid
body<00:58:25.440><c> so</c><00:58:25.599><c> that</c><00:58:25.760><c> that</c><00:58:26.079><c> tray</c><00:58:26.400><c> was</c><00:58:26.559><c> not</c><00:58:26.799><c> always</c><00:58:27.040><c> in</c>

00:58:27.190 --> 00:58:27.200 align:start position:0%
body so that that tray was not always in
 

00:58:27.200 --> 00:58:28.549 align:start position:0%
body so that that tray was not always in
the<00:58:27.280><c> way</c>

00:58:28.549 --> 00:58:28.559 align:start position:0%
the way
 

00:58:28.559 --> 00:58:30.950 align:start position:0%
the way
it<00:58:28.720><c> could</c><00:58:28.880><c> turn</c><00:58:29.040><c> around</c><00:58:30.319><c> but</c><00:58:30.480><c> when</c><00:58:30.640><c> it</c><00:58:30.720><c> needed</c>

00:58:30.950 --> 00:58:30.960 align:start position:0%
it could turn around but when it needed
 

00:58:30.960 --> 00:58:32.549 align:start position:0%
it could turn around but when it needed
to<00:58:31.040><c> get</c><00:58:31.200><c> to</c><00:58:31.280><c> the</c><00:58:31.440><c> tray</c><00:58:31.680><c> it</c><00:58:31.760><c> would</c><00:58:31.920><c> reconfigure</c>

00:58:32.549 --> 00:58:32.559 align:start position:0%
to get to the tray it would reconfigure
 

00:58:32.559 --> 00:58:33.510 align:start position:0%
to get to the tray it would reconfigure
the<00:58:32.720><c> torso</c><00:58:33.200><c> and</c>

00:58:33.510 --> 00:58:33.520 align:start position:0%
the torso and
 

00:58:33.520 --> 00:58:37.589 align:start position:0%
the torso and
turn<00:58:33.760><c> around</c><00:58:35.119><c> and</c>

00:58:37.589 --> 00:58:37.599 align:start position:0%
turn around and
 

00:58:37.599 --> 00:58:39.990 align:start position:0%
turn around and
so<00:58:37.760><c> i</c><00:58:37.839><c> started</c><00:58:38.160><c> thinking</c><00:58:38.400><c> a</c><00:58:38.480><c> lot</c><00:58:38.640><c> about</c><00:58:38.960><c> wastes</c>

00:58:39.990 --> 00:58:40.000 align:start position:0%
so i started thinking a lot about wastes
 

00:58:40.000 --> 00:58:41.430 align:start position:0%
so i started thinking a lot about wastes
i<00:58:40.079><c> think</c><00:58:40.240><c> that</c><00:58:40.559><c> the</c><00:58:40.720><c> waste</c>

00:58:41.430 --> 00:58:41.440 align:start position:0%
i think that the waste
 

00:58:41.440 --> 00:58:43.910 align:start position:0%
i think that the waste
is<00:58:41.599><c> the</c><00:58:41.760><c> key</c><00:58:42.079><c> in</c><00:58:42.160><c> robot</c><00:58:42.559><c> design</c><00:58:43.440><c> to</c><00:58:43.599><c> bring</c>

00:58:43.910 --> 00:58:43.920 align:start position:0%
is the key in robot design to bring
 

00:58:43.920 --> 00:58:46.950 align:start position:0%
is the key in robot design to bring
mobility<00:58:44.400><c> and</c><00:58:44.480><c> manipulation</c><00:58:45.200><c> together</c>

00:58:46.950 --> 00:58:46.960 align:start position:0%
mobility and manipulation together
 

00:58:46.960 --> 00:58:50.470 align:start position:0%
mobility and manipulation together
so<00:58:47.440><c> i</c><00:58:47.760><c> started</c><00:58:48.240><c> studying</c><00:58:49.359><c> primates</c>

00:58:50.470 --> 00:58:50.480 align:start position:0%
so i started studying primates
 

00:58:50.480 --> 00:58:53.349 align:start position:0%
so i started studying primates
and<00:58:50.720><c> my</c><00:58:50.880><c> wife</c><00:58:51.200><c> and</c><00:58:51.280><c> i</c><00:58:51.359><c> wrote</c><00:58:51.599><c> a</c><00:58:51.680><c> paper</c><00:58:52.960><c> on</c><00:58:53.200><c> the</c>

00:58:53.349 --> 00:58:53.359 align:start position:0%
and my wife and i wrote a paper on the
 

00:58:53.359 --> 00:58:55.750 align:start position:0%
and my wife and i wrote a paper on the
primate<00:58:53.920><c> waste</c>

00:58:55.750 --> 00:58:55.760 align:start position:0%
primate waste
 

00:58:55.760 --> 00:58:59.430 align:start position:0%
primate waste
i<00:58:56.880><c> for</c><00:58:57.119><c> it</c><00:58:57.440><c> was</c><00:58:57.599><c> the</c><00:58:58.000><c> first</c>

00:58:59.430 --> 00:58:59.440 align:start position:0%
i for it was the first
 

00:58:59.440 --> 00:59:02.150 align:start position:0%
i for it was the first
it<00:58:59.599><c> was</c><00:58:59.760><c> the</c><00:58:59.839><c> first</c><00:59:00.160><c> issue</c><00:59:00.480><c> of</c><00:59:00.640><c> the</c><00:59:00.960><c> journal</c>

00:59:02.150 --> 00:59:02.160 align:start position:0%
it was the first issue of the journal
 

00:59:02.160 --> 00:59:05.990 align:start position:0%
it was the first issue of the journal
for<00:59:02.400><c> humanoid</c><00:59:02.839><c> robotics</c>

00:59:05.990 --> 00:59:06.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:59:06.000 --> 00:59:11.109 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:59:06.160><c> we</c><00:59:06.319><c> looked</c><00:59:06.559><c> at</c><00:59:06.799><c> primates</c><00:59:08.000><c> and</c>

00:59:11.109 --> 00:59:11.119 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:59:11.119 --> 00:59:13.190 align:start position:0%
 
small<00:59:11.520><c> primates</c><00:59:12.160><c> have</c><00:59:12.480><c> an</c><00:59:12.640><c> incredibly</c>

00:59:13.190 --> 00:59:13.200 align:start position:0%
small primates have an incredibly
 

00:59:13.200 --> 00:59:14.630 align:start position:0%
small primates have an incredibly
athletic<00:59:13.760><c> waste</c>

00:59:14.630 --> 00:59:14.640 align:start position:0%
athletic waste
 

00:59:14.640 --> 00:59:18.710 align:start position:0%
athletic waste
like<00:59:15.440><c> lemurs</c><00:59:16.240><c> and</c><00:59:16.839><c> monkeys</c>

00:59:18.710 --> 00:59:18.720 align:start position:0%
like lemurs and monkeys
 

00:59:18.720 --> 00:59:21.750 align:start position:0%
like lemurs and monkeys
and<00:59:18.880><c> so</c><00:59:19.040><c> we</c><00:59:19.119><c> defined</c><00:59:19.520><c> a</c><00:59:19.599><c> waist</c><00:59:20.079><c> as</c><00:59:21.280><c> a</c><00:59:21.440><c> gap</c>

00:59:21.750 --> 00:59:21.760 align:start position:0%
and so we defined a waist as a gap
 

00:59:21.760 --> 00:59:24.630 align:start position:0%
and so we defined a waist as a gap
between<00:59:22.000><c> the</c><00:59:22.160><c> pelvis</c><00:59:22.559><c> and</c><00:59:22.720><c> the</c><00:59:22.799><c> ribs</c>

00:59:24.630 --> 00:59:24.640 align:start position:0%
between the pelvis and the ribs
 

00:59:24.640 --> 00:59:28.470 align:start position:0%
between the pelvis and the ribs
and<00:59:24.799><c> the</c><00:59:24.880><c> musculature</c><00:59:25.680><c> to</c><00:59:25.839><c> flex</c><00:59:26.240><c> it</c>

00:59:28.470 --> 00:59:28.480 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:59:28.480 --> 00:59:30.710 align:start position:0%
 
seems<00:59:28.720><c> simple</c><00:59:29.040><c> right</c><00:59:29.839><c> all</c><00:59:30.000><c> primates</c><00:59:30.480><c> have</c>

00:59:30.710 --> 00:59:30.720 align:start position:0%
seems simple right all primates have
 

00:59:30.720 --> 00:59:32.230 align:start position:0%
seems simple right all primates have
that<00:59:30.880><c> right</c><00:59:31.920><c> well</c>

00:59:32.230 --> 00:59:32.240 align:start position:0%
that right well
 

00:59:32.240 --> 00:59:35.510 align:start position:0%
that right well
turns<00:59:32.480><c> out</c><00:59:32.720><c> not</c><00:59:34.079><c> if</c><00:59:34.400><c> you</c><00:59:34.799><c> look</c><00:59:35.040><c> at</c><00:59:35.119><c> the</c><00:59:35.280><c> great</c>

00:59:35.510 --> 00:59:35.520 align:start position:0%
turns out not if you look at the great
 

00:59:35.520 --> 00:59:37.109 align:start position:0%
turns out not if you look at the great
apes<00:59:35.839><c> there's</c><00:59:36.000><c> only</c><00:59:36.240><c> one</c><00:59:36.480><c> great</c><00:59:36.720><c> eight</c><00:59:36.960><c> that's</c>

00:59:37.109 --> 00:59:37.119 align:start position:0%
apes there's only one great eight that's
 

00:59:37.119 --> 00:59:37.910 align:start position:0%
apes there's only one great eight that's
got<00:59:37.359><c> a</c><00:59:37.440><c> waist</c>

00:59:37.910 --> 00:59:37.920 align:start position:0%
got a waist
 

00:59:37.920 --> 00:59:40.710 align:start position:0%
got a waist
and<00:59:38.000><c> that's</c><00:59:38.240><c> us</c><00:59:39.440><c> if</c><00:59:39.599><c> you</c><00:59:39.680><c> look</c><00:59:39.920><c> at</c><00:59:40.240><c> bone</c><00:59:40.480><c> bone</c>

00:59:40.710 --> 00:59:40.720 align:start position:0%
and that's us if you look at bone bone
 

00:59:40.720 --> 00:59:41.990 align:start position:0%
and that's us if you look at bone bone
chimps<00:59:41.040><c> and</c><00:59:41.119><c> orangutans</c>

00:59:41.990 --> 00:59:42.000 align:start position:0%
chimps and orangutans
 

00:59:42.000 --> 00:59:45.589 align:start position:0%
chimps and orangutans
and<00:59:42.079><c> gorillas</c><00:59:43.280><c> the</c><00:59:43.520><c> ribs</c><00:59:44.079><c> touch</c><00:59:44.400><c> the</c><00:59:44.559><c> pelvis</c>

00:59:45.589 --> 00:59:45.599 align:start position:0%
and gorillas the ribs touch the pelvis
 

00:59:45.599 --> 00:59:48.870 align:start position:0%
and gorillas the ribs touch the pelvis
there<00:59:45.760><c> is</c><00:59:45.920><c> no</c><00:59:46.160><c> gap</c><00:59:47.760><c> there</c><00:59:48.000><c> is</c><00:59:48.079><c> no</c><00:59:48.480><c> range</c><00:59:48.799><c> of</c>

00:59:48.870 --> 00:59:48.880 align:start position:0%
there is no gap there is no range of
 

00:59:48.880 --> 00:59:49.589 align:start position:0%
there is no gap there is no range of
motion

00:59:49.589 --> 00:59:49.599 align:start position:0%
motion
 

00:59:49.599 --> 00:59:51.430 align:start position:0%
motion
there<00:59:49.760><c> is</c><00:59:49.839><c> no</c><00:59:50.000><c> musculature</c><00:59:50.640><c> to</c><00:59:50.799><c> flex</c><00:59:51.280><c> their</c>

00:59:51.430 --> 00:59:51.440 align:start position:0%
there is no musculature to flex their
 

00:59:51.440 --> 00:59:53.430 align:start position:0%
there is no musculature to flex their
body<00:59:51.680><c> is</c><00:59:51.839><c> just</c><00:59:52.000><c> a</c><00:59:52.079><c> rigid</c><00:59:52.559><c> buck</c>

00:59:53.430 --> 00:59:53.440 align:start position:0%
body is just a rigid buck
 

00:59:53.440 --> 00:59:56.470 align:start position:0%
body is just a rigid buck
that's<00:59:53.680><c> got</c><00:59:54.720><c> incredible</c><00:59:55.520><c> limbs</c><00:59:56.000><c> coming</c><00:59:56.319><c> off</c>

00:59:56.470 --> 00:59:56.480 align:start position:0%
that's got incredible limbs coming off
 

00:59:56.480 --> 00:59:57.109 align:start position:0%
that's got incredible limbs coming off
of<00:59:56.640><c> it</c><00:59:56.799><c> the</c>

00:59:57.109 --> 00:59:57.119 align:start position:0%
of it the
 

00:59:57.119 --> 01:00:00.309 align:start position:0%
of it the
torso<00:59:57.599><c> is</c><00:59:57.680><c> just</c><00:59:58.839><c> very</c>

01:00:00.309 --> 01:00:00.319 align:start position:0%
torso is just very
 

01:00:00.319 --> 01:00:04.710 align:start position:0%
torso is just very
rigid<01:00:01.920><c> they</c><01:00:02.079><c> don't</c><01:00:02.400><c> spin</c><01:00:03.200><c> it's</c>

01:00:04.710 --> 01:00:04.720 align:start position:0%
rigid they don't spin it's
 

01:00:04.720 --> 01:00:09.030 align:start position:0%
rigid they don't spin it's
um<01:00:05.760><c> if</c><01:00:05.920><c> you</c><01:00:06.000><c> look</c><01:00:06.160><c> at</c><01:00:06.240><c> their</c><01:00:06.480><c> skeletons</c><01:00:07.520><c> it's</c>

01:00:09.030 --> 01:00:09.040 align:start position:0%
um if you look at their skeletons it's
 

01:00:09.040 --> 01:00:11.910 align:start position:0%
um if you look at their skeletons it's
very<01:00:09.280><c> different</c><01:00:09.520><c> from</c><01:00:09.760><c> us</c><01:00:10.000><c> and</c><01:00:10.079><c> so</c><01:00:10.319><c> then</c><01:00:11.839><c> if</c>

01:00:11.910 --> 01:00:11.920 align:start position:0%
very different from us and so then if
 

01:00:11.920 --> 01:00:14.150 align:start position:0%
very different from us and so then if
you<01:00:12.000><c> compare</c><01:00:12.400><c> the</c><01:00:12.839><c> skeletons</c>

01:00:14.150 --> 01:00:14.160 align:start position:0%
you compare the skeletons
 

01:00:14.160 --> 01:00:17.829 align:start position:0%
you compare the skeletons
little<01:00:14.400><c> monkeys</c><01:00:16.640><c> great</c><01:00:16.880><c> apes</c><01:00:17.200><c> no</c><01:00:17.440><c> waste</c><01:00:17.760><c> and</c>

01:00:17.829 --> 01:00:17.839 align:start position:0%
little monkeys great apes no waste and
 

01:00:17.839 --> 01:00:19.430 align:start position:0%
little monkeys great apes no waste and
then<01:00:18.079><c> humans</c><01:00:18.480><c> with</c><01:00:18.640><c> a</c><01:00:18.720><c> waste</c>

01:00:19.430 --> 01:00:19.440 align:start position:0%
then humans with a waste
 

01:00:19.440 --> 01:00:22.789 align:start position:0%
then humans with a waste
again<01:00:20.720><c> and</c><01:00:20.880><c> what</c><01:00:21.119><c> happened</c>

01:00:22.789 --> 01:00:22.799 align:start position:0%
again and what happened
 

01:00:22.799 --> 01:00:25.829 align:start position:0%
again and what happened
that's<01:00:23.760><c> it's</c><01:00:24.079><c> interesting</c>

01:00:25.829 --> 01:00:25.839 align:start position:0%
that's it's interesting
 

01:00:25.839 --> 01:00:28.789 align:start position:0%
that's it's interesting
but<01:00:26.799><c> if</c><01:00:26.960><c> you</c><01:00:27.040><c> look</c><01:00:27.200><c> at</c><01:00:27.280><c> the</c><01:00:27.440><c> way</c><01:00:28.160><c> great</c><01:00:28.480><c> apes</c>

01:00:28.789 --> 01:00:28.799 align:start position:0%
but if you look at the way great apes
 

01:00:28.799 --> 01:00:30.309 align:start position:0%
but if you look at the way great apes
move<01:00:29.040><c> and</c><01:00:29.200><c> manipulate</c>

01:00:30.309 --> 01:00:30.319 align:start position:0%
move and manipulate
 

01:00:30.319 --> 01:00:32.870 align:start position:0%
move and manipulate
they<01:00:30.480><c> tend</c><01:00:30.720><c> to</c><01:00:30.799><c> do</c><01:00:30.960><c> one</c><01:00:31.200><c> or</c><01:00:31.280><c> the</c><01:00:31.440><c> other</c><01:00:32.640><c> the</c>

01:00:32.870 --> 01:00:32.880 align:start position:0%
they tend to do one or the other the
 

01:00:32.880 --> 01:00:33.910 align:start position:0%
they tend to do one or the other the
ring<01:00:33.119><c> and</c><01:00:33.200><c> pink</c><01:00:33.440><c> here</c>

01:00:33.910 --> 01:00:33.920 align:start position:0%
ring and pink here
 

01:00:33.920 --> 01:00:35.670 align:start position:0%
ring and pink here
mainly<01:00:34.240><c> just</c><01:00:34.400><c> for</c><01:00:34.640><c> stabilization</c><01:00:35.440><c> of</c><01:00:35.520><c> the</c>

01:00:35.670 --> 01:00:35.680 align:start position:0%
mainly just for stabilization of the
 

01:00:35.680 --> 01:00:37.589 align:start position:0%
mainly just for stabilization of the
object

01:00:37.589 --> 01:00:37.599 align:start position:0%
object
 

01:00:37.599 --> 01:00:39.510 align:start position:0%
object
we'd<01:00:37.839><c> also</c><01:00:38.079><c> decided</c><01:00:38.400><c> we</c><01:00:38.559><c> were</c><01:00:38.640><c> gonna</c><01:00:39.200><c> so</c><01:00:39.359><c> we</c>

01:00:39.510 --> 01:00:39.520 align:start position:0%
we'd also decided we were gonna so we
 

01:00:39.520 --> 01:00:42.230 align:start position:0%
we'd also decided we were gonna so we
were<01:00:39.599><c> gonna</c><01:00:40.559><c> go</c><01:00:40.799><c> after</c><01:00:41.119><c> a</c><01:00:41.280><c> hand</c><01:00:41.760><c> so</c><01:00:42.000><c> they</c><01:00:42.079><c> can</c>

01:00:42.230 --> 01:00:42.240 align:start position:0%
were gonna go after a hand so they can
 

01:00:42.240 --> 01:00:44.069 align:start position:0%
were gonna go after a hand so they can
interface<01:00:42.640><c> with</c><01:00:42.720><c> all</c><01:00:42.880><c> those</c><01:00:42.960><c> sim</c><01:00:43.200><c> tools</c>

01:00:44.069 --> 01:00:44.079 align:start position:0%
interface with all those sim tools
 

01:00:44.079 --> 01:00:47.670 align:start position:0%
interface with all those sim tools
and<01:00:44.240><c> the</c><01:00:44.400><c> hand</c><01:00:44.799><c> has</c><01:00:45.440><c> a</c><01:00:47.040><c> feature</c>

01:00:47.670 --> 01:00:47.680 align:start position:0%
and the hand has a feature
 

01:00:47.680 --> 01:00:51.750 align:start position:0%
and the hand has a feature
that<01:00:48.319><c> very</c><01:00:48.720><c> few</c><01:00:49.920><c> robot</c><01:00:50.319><c> hands</c><01:00:50.720><c> have</c>

01:00:51.750 --> 01:00:51.760 align:start position:0%
that very few robot hands have
 

01:00:51.760 --> 01:00:53.670 align:start position:0%
that very few robot hands have
if<01:00:51.920><c> you</c><01:00:52.319><c> look</c><01:00:52.480><c> at</c><01:00:52.640><c> any</c><01:00:52.799><c> of</c><01:00:52.880><c> the</c><01:00:52.960><c> hands</c><01:00:53.280><c> that</c><01:00:53.440><c> are</c>

01:00:53.670 --> 01:00:53.680 align:start position:0%
if you look at any of the hands that are
 

01:00:53.680 --> 01:00:55.190 align:start position:0%
if you look at any of the hands that are
in<01:00:53.760><c> our</c><01:00:53.920><c> museum</c>

01:00:55.190 --> 01:00:55.200 align:start position:0%
in our museum
 

01:00:55.200 --> 01:00:59.750 align:start position:0%
in our museum
or<01:00:55.839><c> in</c><01:00:58.000><c> like</c><01:00:58.240><c> the</c><01:00:58.319><c> exhibit</c><01:00:58.640><c> hall</c>

01:00:59.750 --> 01:00:59.760 align:start position:0%
or in like the exhibit hall
 

01:00:59.760 --> 01:01:03.030 align:start position:0%
or in like the exhibit hall
they<01:00:59.920><c> don't</c><01:01:00.079><c> have</c><01:01:00.319><c> palm</c><01:01:02.559><c> you</c><01:01:02.640><c> know</c><01:01:02.799><c> the</c><01:01:02.880><c> only</c>

01:01:03.030 --> 01:01:03.040 align:start position:0%
they don't have palm you know the only
 

01:01:03.040 --> 01:01:04.470 align:start position:0%
they don't have palm you know the only
ones<01:01:03.280><c> that</c><01:01:03.359><c> do</c><01:01:03.520><c> are</c><01:01:03.680><c> the</c><01:01:03.760><c> anthropomorphic</c>

01:01:04.470 --> 01:01:04.480 align:start position:0%
ones that do are the anthropomorphic
 

01:01:04.480 --> 01:01:05.190 align:start position:0%
ones that do are the anthropomorphic
cans

01:01:05.190 --> 01:01:05.200 align:start position:0%
cans
 

01:01:05.200 --> 01:01:07.589 align:start position:0%
cans
right<01:01:06.000><c> the</c><01:01:06.160><c> palm</c><01:01:06.559><c> is</c><01:01:06.720><c> actually</c><01:01:07.280><c> one</c><01:01:07.440><c> of</c><01:01:07.520><c> the</c>

01:01:07.589 --> 01:01:07.599 align:start position:0%
right the palm is actually one of the
 

01:01:07.599 --> 01:01:10.150 align:start position:0%
right the palm is actually one of the
most<01:01:07.839><c> important</c><01:01:08.240><c> features</c><01:01:08.640><c> of</c><01:01:08.799><c> a</c><01:01:08.880><c> hand</c>

01:01:10.150 --> 01:01:10.160 align:start position:0%
most important features of a hand
 

01:01:10.160 --> 01:01:13.430 align:start position:0%
most important features of a hand
and<01:01:10.880><c> most</c><01:01:11.200><c> robot</c><01:01:11.520><c> hands</c><01:01:11.839><c> don't</c><01:01:12.000><c> have</c><01:01:12.240><c> palms</c>

01:01:13.430 --> 01:01:13.440 align:start position:0%
and most robot hands don't have palms
 

01:01:13.440 --> 01:01:16.230 align:start position:0%
and most robot hands don't have palms
it's<01:01:13.599><c> just</c><01:01:14.880><c> the</c><01:01:15.040><c> whole</c><01:01:15.280><c> algorithm</c><01:01:15.760><c> for</c><01:01:16.000><c> using</c>

01:01:16.230 --> 01:01:16.240 align:start position:0%
it's just the whole algorithm for using
 

01:01:16.240 --> 01:01:18.549 align:start position:0%
it's just the whole algorithm for using
the<01:01:16.400><c> hand</c><01:01:16.720><c> becomes</c><01:01:17.040><c> different</c>

01:01:18.549 --> 01:01:18.559 align:start position:0%
the hand becomes different
 

01:01:18.559 --> 01:01:21.349 align:start position:0%
the hand becomes different
if<01:01:18.720><c> you've</c><01:01:18.799><c> got</c><01:01:18.960><c> a</c><01:01:19.119><c> palm</c><01:01:20.079><c> you</c><01:01:20.319><c> use</c><01:01:20.559><c> the</c><01:01:20.720><c> arm</c><01:01:21.200><c> to</c>

01:01:21.349 --> 01:01:21.359 align:start position:0%
if you've got a palm you use the arm to
 

01:01:21.359 --> 01:01:22.309 align:start position:0%
if you've got a palm you use the arm to
put<01:01:21.520><c> the</c><01:01:21.760><c> palm</c>

01:01:22.309 --> 01:01:22.319 align:start position:0%
put the palm
 

01:01:22.319 --> 01:01:26.870 align:start position:0%
put the palm
on<01:01:22.640><c> an</c><01:01:22.839><c> object</c><01:01:24.000><c> and</c><01:01:24.079><c> then</c><01:01:24.319><c> you</c><01:01:24.480><c> grasp</c><01:01:24.880><c> it</c>

01:01:26.870 --> 01:01:26.880 align:start position:0%
on an object and then you grasp it
 

01:01:26.880 --> 01:01:30.549 align:start position:0%
on an object and then you grasp it
and<01:01:27.040><c> that</c><01:01:27.359><c> is</c><01:01:28.319><c> such</c><01:01:28.640><c> a</c><01:01:29.280><c> simple</c>

01:01:30.549 --> 01:01:30.559 align:start position:0%
and that is such a simple
 

01:01:30.559 --> 01:01:32.950 align:start position:0%
and that is such a simple
and<01:01:30.799><c> effective</c><01:01:31.280><c> way</c><01:01:31.920><c> to</c><01:01:32.079><c> grasp</c><01:01:32.400><c> an</c><01:01:32.559><c> object</c>

01:01:32.950 --> 01:01:32.960 align:start position:0%
and effective way to grasp an object
 

01:01:32.960 --> 01:01:34.470 align:start position:0%
and effective way to grasp an object
rather<01:01:33.200><c> than</c><01:01:33.359><c> to</c><01:01:33.520><c> reach</c><01:01:33.760><c> out</c><01:01:34.000><c> and</c><01:01:34.079><c> try</c><01:01:34.319><c> and</c>

01:01:34.470 --> 01:01:34.480 align:start position:0%
rather than to reach out and try and
 

01:01:34.480 --> 01:01:35.270 align:start position:0%
rather than to reach out and try and
make

01:01:35.270 --> 01:01:35.280 align:start position:0%
make
 

01:01:35.280 --> 01:01:38.470 align:start position:0%
make
a<01:01:35.440><c> pincer</c><01:01:35.839><c> grasp</c><01:01:36.319><c> on</c><01:01:36.480><c> it</c><01:01:38.000><c> that's</c>

01:01:38.470 --> 01:01:38.480 align:start position:0%
a pincer grasp on it that's
 

01:01:38.480 --> 01:01:40.789 align:start position:0%
a pincer grasp on it that's
much<01:01:38.720><c> more</c><01:01:38.880><c> delicate</c><01:01:39.520><c> slower</c><01:01:40.319><c> it's</c><01:01:40.559><c> less</c>

01:01:40.789 --> 01:01:40.799 align:start position:0%
much more delicate slower it's less
 

01:01:40.799 --> 01:01:42.549 align:start position:0%
much more delicate slower it's less
robust

01:01:42.549 --> 01:01:42.559 align:start position:0%
robust
 

01:01:42.559 --> 01:01:44.950 align:start position:0%
robust
having<01:01:42.960><c> a</c><01:01:43.040><c> palm</c><01:01:43.440><c> is</c><01:01:43.599><c> the</c><01:01:43.760><c> first</c><01:01:44.480><c> typically</c>

01:01:44.950 --> 01:01:44.960 align:start position:0%
having a palm is the first typically
 

01:01:44.960 --> 01:01:46.069 align:start position:0%
having a palm is the first typically
first<01:01:45.200><c> contact</c>

01:01:46.069 --> 01:01:46.079 align:start position:0%
first contact
 

01:01:46.079 --> 01:01:48.789 align:start position:0%
first contact
or<01:01:46.319><c> even</c><01:01:46.559><c> you</c><01:01:46.799><c> envelop</c><01:01:47.680><c> so</c><01:01:48.000><c> the</c><01:01:48.160><c> grasp</c><01:01:48.559><c> is</c><01:01:48.640><c> an</c>

01:01:48.789 --> 01:01:48.799 align:start position:0%
or even you envelop so the grasp is an
 

01:01:48.799 --> 01:01:51.270 align:start position:0%
or even you envelop so the grasp is an
enveloping<01:01:49.280><c> grasp</c><01:01:49.680><c> that's</c><01:01:49.920><c> very</c><01:01:50.240><c> strong</c><01:01:50.640><c> and</c>

01:01:51.270 --> 01:01:51.280 align:start position:0%
enveloping grasp that's very strong and
 

01:01:51.280 --> 01:01:54.470 align:start position:0%
enveloping grasp that's very strong and
rugged<01:01:53.359><c> that's</c><01:01:53.680><c> such</c><01:01:53.920><c> a</c>

01:01:54.470 --> 01:01:54.480 align:start position:0%
rugged that's such a
 

01:01:54.480 --> 01:01:56.710 align:start position:0%
rugged that's such a
useful<01:01:54.880><c> grasp</c><01:01:55.359><c> and</c><01:01:55.440><c> most</c><01:01:55.680><c> robots</c><01:01:56.319><c> can't</c><01:01:56.480><c> even</c>

01:01:56.710 --> 01:01:56.720 align:start position:0%
useful grasp and most robots can't even
 

01:01:56.720 --> 01:01:57.990 align:start position:0%
useful grasp and most robots can't even
begin<01:01:57.039><c> to</c><01:01:57.119><c> do</c><01:01:57.280><c> it</c>

01:01:57.990 --> 01:01:58.000 align:start position:0%
begin to do it
 

01:01:58.000 --> 01:01:59.990 align:start position:0%
begin to do it
it's<01:01:58.160><c> just</c><01:01:58.400><c> like</c><01:01:58.640><c> the</c><01:01:58.720><c> most</c><01:01:59.039><c> basic</c><01:01:59.440><c> thing</c><01:01:59.680><c> an</c>

01:01:59.990 --> 01:02:00.000 align:start position:0%
it's just like the most basic thing an
 

01:02:00.000 --> 01:02:01.349 align:start position:0%
it's just like the most basic thing an
infinite<01:02:00.319><c> has</c><01:02:00.640><c> a</c>

01:02:01.349 --> 01:02:01.359 align:start position:0%
infinite has a
 

01:02:01.359 --> 01:02:05.589 align:start position:0%
infinite has a
infant<01:02:01.680><c> has</c><01:02:01.920><c> a</c><01:02:03.359><c> grasp</c><01:02:03.760><c> reflux</c><01:02:04.319><c> curl</c><01:02:04.559><c> reflex</c>

01:02:05.589 --> 01:02:05.599 align:start position:0%
infant has a grasp reflux curl reflex
 

01:02:05.599 --> 01:02:07.510 align:start position:0%
infant has a grasp reflux curl reflex
that<01:02:05.920><c> is</c><01:02:06.079><c> that</c><01:02:06.559><c> you</c><01:02:06.720><c> touch</c><01:02:06.960><c> their</c><01:02:07.119><c> palm</c><01:02:07.440><c> and</c>

01:02:07.510 --> 01:02:07.520 align:start position:0%
that is that you touch their palm and
 

01:02:07.520 --> 01:02:09.430 align:start position:0%
that is that you touch their palm and
they<01:02:07.839><c> do</c><01:02:08.000><c> an</c><01:02:08.160><c> enveloping</c>

01:02:09.430 --> 01:02:09.440 align:start position:0%
they do an enveloping
 

01:02:09.440 --> 01:02:12.710 align:start position:0%
they do an enveloping
curl<01:02:10.880><c> that</c><01:02:11.119><c> is</c>

01:02:12.710 --> 01:02:12.720 align:start position:0%
curl that is
 

01:02:12.720 --> 01:02:15.670 align:start position:0%
curl that is
really<01:02:13.440><c> simple</c><01:02:13.839><c> and</c><01:02:13.920><c> powerful</c><01:02:15.039><c> and</c><01:02:15.359><c> most</c>

01:02:15.670 --> 01:02:15.680 align:start position:0%
really simple and powerful and most
 

01:02:15.680 --> 01:02:17.430 align:start position:0%
really simple and powerful and most
robots<01:02:16.079><c> can't</c><01:02:16.240><c> do</c><01:02:16.400><c> it</c>

01:02:17.430 --> 01:02:17.440 align:start position:0%
robots can't do it
 

01:02:17.440 --> 01:02:20.470 align:start position:0%
robots can't do it
so<01:02:17.680><c> we</c><01:02:17.760><c> wanted</c><01:02:18.400><c> to</c><01:02:18.720><c> be</c><01:02:18.880><c> able</c><01:02:18.960><c> to</c><01:02:19.119><c> just</c><01:02:19.440><c> put</c><01:02:20.319><c> the</c>

01:02:20.470 --> 01:02:20.480 align:start position:0%
so we wanted to be able to just put the
 

01:02:20.480 --> 01:02:21.589 align:start position:0%
so we wanted to be able to just put the
hand<01:02:20.799><c> on</c><01:02:20.960><c> an</c><01:02:21.119><c> object</c>

01:02:21.589 --> 01:02:21.599 align:start position:0%
hand on an object
 

01:02:21.599 --> 01:02:23.270 align:start position:0%
hand on an object
and<01:02:21.680><c> have</c><01:02:21.920><c> it</c><01:02:22.079><c> grasp</c><01:02:22.400><c> it</c><01:02:22.559><c> so</c><01:02:22.720><c> that</c><01:02:22.880><c> was</c><01:02:23.039><c> one</c><01:02:23.200><c> of</c>

01:02:23.270 --> 01:02:23.280 align:start position:0%
and have it grasp it so that was one of
 

01:02:23.280 --> 01:02:25.990 align:start position:0%
and have it grasp it so that was one of
the<01:02:24.079><c> the</c><01:02:24.240><c> first</c>

01:02:25.990 --> 01:02:26.000 align:start position:0%
the the first
 

01:02:26.000 --> 01:02:29.109 align:start position:0%
the the first
autonomies<01:02:26.559><c> we</c><01:02:26.640><c> built</c><01:02:27.440><c> for</c><01:02:27.599><c> robonaut</c><01:02:28.880><c> that</c>

01:02:29.109 --> 01:02:29.119 align:start position:0%
autonomies we built for robonaut that
 

01:02:29.119 --> 01:02:32.829 align:start position:0%
autonomies we built for robonaut that
the<01:02:29.280><c> the</c><01:02:29.440><c> grasping</c><01:02:30.079><c> was</c><01:02:30.240><c> hard</c><01:02:30.480><c> to</c><01:02:30.559><c> control</c>

01:02:32.829 --> 01:02:32.839 align:start position:0%
the the grasping was hard to control
 

01:02:32.839 --> 01:02:35.910 align:start position:0%
the the grasping was hard to control
um<01:02:34.400><c> so</c><01:02:34.559><c> much</c><01:02:34.799><c> of</c><01:02:34.880><c> what</c><01:02:35.280><c> happens</c>

01:02:35.910 --> 01:02:35.920 align:start position:0%
um so much of what happens
 

01:02:35.920 --> 01:02:38.230 align:start position:0%
um so much of what happens
when<01:02:36.160><c> we</c><01:02:36.480><c> as</c><01:02:36.640><c> humans</c><01:02:37.039><c> grasp</c><01:02:37.440><c> things</c><01:02:37.920><c> is</c><01:02:38.079><c> done</c>

01:02:38.230 --> 01:02:38.240 align:start position:0%
when we as humans grasp things is done
 

01:02:38.240 --> 01:02:40.549 align:start position:0%
when we as humans grasp things is done
where<01:02:38.400><c> we</c><01:02:38.559><c> can't</c><01:02:38.720><c> see</c><01:02:38.880><c> what</c><01:02:39.039><c> we're</c><01:02:39.200><c> doing</c>

01:02:40.549 --> 01:02:40.559 align:start position:0%
where we can't see what we're doing
 

01:02:40.559 --> 01:02:42.710 align:start position:0%
where we can't see what we're doing
that<01:02:40.880><c> are</c><01:02:41.200><c> we</c><01:02:41.440><c> we</c><01:02:41.599><c> tend</c><01:02:41.760><c> to</c><01:02:41.839><c> go</c><01:02:42.079><c> overhand</c><01:02:42.559><c> on</c>

01:02:42.710 --> 01:02:42.720 align:start position:0%
that are we we tend to go overhand on
 

01:02:42.720 --> 01:02:43.670 align:start position:0%
that are we we tend to go overhand on
objects

01:02:43.670 --> 01:02:43.680 align:start position:0%
objects
 

01:02:43.680 --> 01:02:46.309 align:start position:0%
objects
and<01:02:43.920><c> we</c><01:02:44.400><c> one</c><01:02:44.559><c> of</c><01:02:44.640><c> our</c><01:02:44.799><c> astronauts</c><01:02:45.359><c> noticed</c><01:02:46.160><c> uh</c>

01:02:46.309 --> 01:02:46.319 align:start position:0%
and we one of our astronauts noticed uh
 

01:02:46.319 --> 01:02:48.069 align:start position:0%
and we one of our astronauts noticed uh
dr<01:02:46.640><c> nancy</c><01:02:46.960><c> curry</c><01:02:47.359><c> noticed</c><01:02:47.839><c> that</c>

01:02:48.069 --> 01:02:48.079 align:start position:0%
dr nancy curry noticed that
 

01:02:48.079 --> 01:02:49.670 align:start position:0%
dr nancy curry noticed that
teleoperators<01:02:48.880><c> robonaut</c>

01:02:49.670 --> 01:02:49.680 align:start position:0%
teleoperators robonaut
 

01:02:49.680 --> 01:02:52.789 align:start position:0%
teleoperators robonaut
tended<01:02:50.000><c> to</c><01:02:50.079><c> go</c><01:02:50.319><c> underhand</c><01:02:51.440><c> to</c><01:02:51.599><c> grab</c><01:02:51.920><c> objects</c>

01:02:52.789 --> 01:02:52.799 align:start position:0%
tended to go underhand to grab objects
 

01:02:52.799 --> 01:02:55.270 align:start position:0%
tended to go underhand to grab objects
so<01:02:52.960><c> they</c><01:02:53.039><c> could</c><01:02:53.200><c> see</c><01:02:53.359><c> what</c><01:02:53.520><c> they</c><01:02:53.680><c> were</c><01:02:53.839><c> doing</c>

01:02:55.270 --> 01:02:55.280 align:start position:0%
so they could see what they were doing
 

01:02:55.280 --> 01:02:56.549 align:start position:0%
so they could see what they were doing
and<01:02:55.440><c> when</c><01:02:55.599><c> she</c><01:02:55.760><c> said</c><01:02:55.920><c> that</c><01:02:56.079><c> it</c><01:02:56.160><c> was</c><01:02:56.319><c> just</c>

01:02:56.549 --> 01:02:56.559 align:start position:0%
and when she said that it was just
 

01:02:56.559 --> 01:02:58.390 align:start position:0%
and when she said that it was just
obvious<01:02:56.960><c> to</c><01:02:57.119><c> me</c><01:02:57.280><c> after</c><01:02:57.599><c> that</c>

01:02:58.390 --> 01:02:58.400 align:start position:0%
obvious to me after that
 

01:02:58.400 --> 01:03:01.510 align:start position:0%
obvious to me after that
how<01:02:58.640><c> we</c><01:02:58.799><c> were</c><01:02:59.760><c> doing</c><01:03:00.000><c> it</c><01:03:00.160><c> all</c><01:03:00.319><c> wrong</c><01:03:01.280><c> and</c>

01:03:01.510 --> 01:03:01.520 align:start position:0%
how we were doing it all wrong and
 

01:03:01.520 --> 01:03:03.270 align:start position:0%
how we were doing it all wrong and
humans<01:03:02.000><c> reach</c><01:03:02.319><c> overhand</c><01:03:02.799><c> and</c><01:03:02.880><c> they</c><01:03:03.039><c> grab</c>

01:03:03.270 --> 01:03:03.280 align:start position:0%
humans reach overhand and they grab
 

01:03:03.280 --> 01:03:05.270 align:start position:0%
humans reach overhand and they grab
things<01:03:03.520><c> but</c><01:03:03.760><c> at</c><01:03:03.839><c> some</c><01:03:04.079><c> point</c><01:03:04.319><c> they</c>

01:03:05.270 --> 01:03:05.280 align:start position:0%
things but at some point they
 

01:03:05.280 --> 01:03:07.990 align:start position:0%
things but at some point they
transition<01:03:05.760><c> from</c><01:03:06.000><c> vision</c><01:03:06.319><c> to</c><01:03:06.559><c> tactile</c><01:03:07.839><c> we</c>

01:03:07.990 --> 01:03:08.000 align:start position:0%
transition from vision to tactile we
 

01:03:08.000 --> 01:03:09.910 align:start position:0%
transition from vision to tactile we
were<01:03:08.160><c> trying</c><01:03:08.400><c> to</c><01:03:08.480><c> do</c><01:03:08.640><c> it</c><01:03:08.799><c> all</c><01:03:08.960><c> with</c><01:03:09.119><c> vision</c>

01:03:09.910 --> 01:03:09.920 align:start position:0%
were trying to do it all with vision
 

01:03:09.920 --> 01:03:12.870 align:start position:0%
were trying to do it all with vision
the<01:03:10.160><c> tell</c><01:03:10.480><c> operator</c><01:03:11.280><c> so</c><01:03:11.440><c> we</c><01:03:11.520><c> could</c><01:03:11.680><c> do</c><01:03:11.920><c> it</c><01:03:12.640><c> but</c>

01:03:12.870 --> 01:03:12.880 align:start position:0%
the tell operator so we could do it but
 

01:03:12.880 --> 01:03:14.549 align:start position:0%
the tell operator so we could do it but
it<01:03:12.960><c> was</c><01:03:13.280><c> taxing</c><01:03:13.680><c> the</c><01:03:13.839><c> operator</c>

01:03:14.549 --> 01:03:14.559 align:start position:0%
it was taxing the operator
 

01:03:14.559 --> 01:03:17.910 align:start position:0%
it was taxing the operator
they<01:03:14.839><c> were</c><01:03:16.799><c> seen</c>

01:03:17.910 --> 01:03:17.920 align:start position:0%
they were seen
 

01:03:17.920 --> 01:03:21.109 align:start position:0%
they were seen
forces<01:03:19.440><c> which</c><01:03:19.680><c> is</c><01:03:19.839><c> a</c><01:03:20.160><c> computationally</c>

01:03:21.109 --> 01:03:21.119 align:start position:0%
forces which is a computationally
 

01:03:21.119 --> 01:03:22.950 align:start position:0%
forces which is a computationally
intensive<01:03:21.680><c> way</c>

01:03:22.950 --> 01:03:22.960 align:start position:0%
intensive way
 

01:03:22.960 --> 01:03:25.430 align:start position:0%
intensive way
to<01:03:23.599><c> get</c><01:03:23.839><c> forced</c><01:03:24.160><c> data</c><01:03:24.400><c> but</c><01:03:24.559><c> humans</c><01:03:24.960><c> are</c><01:03:25.039><c> great</c>

01:03:25.430 --> 01:03:25.440 align:start position:0%
to get forced data but humans are great
 

01:03:25.440 --> 01:03:26.549 align:start position:0%
to get forced data but humans are great
at<01:03:25.599><c> it</c>

01:03:26.549 --> 01:03:26.559 align:start position:0%
at it
 

01:03:26.559 --> 01:03:29.750 align:start position:0%
at it
yeah<01:03:26.720><c> i</c><01:03:26.799><c> was</c><01:03:28.640><c> but</c><01:03:28.799><c> we</c><01:03:28.960><c> had</c>

01:03:29.750 --> 01:03:29.760 align:start position:0%
yeah i was but we had
 

01:03:29.760 --> 01:03:32.150 align:start position:0%
yeah i was but we had
novice<01:03:30.160><c> tele</c><01:03:30.480><c> operators</c><01:03:31.599><c> able</c><01:03:31.760><c> to</c><01:03:31.839><c> do</c><01:03:32.000><c> all</c>

01:03:32.150 --> 01:03:32.160 align:start position:0%
novice tele operators able to do all
 

01:03:32.160 --> 01:03:33.990 align:start position:0%
novice tele operators able to do all
kinds<01:03:32.400><c> of</c><01:03:32.480><c> things</c><01:03:32.720><c> with</c><01:03:32.880><c> robonauts</c><01:03:33.520><c> because</c>

01:03:33.990 --> 01:03:34.000 align:start position:0%
kinds of things with robonauts because
 

01:03:34.000 --> 01:03:36.309 align:start position:0%
kinds of things with robonauts because
humans<01:03:34.400><c> are</c><01:03:34.480><c> just</c><01:03:34.799><c> crafty</c><01:03:35.839><c> and</c><01:03:36.000><c> they</c><01:03:36.160><c> would</c>

01:03:36.309 --> 01:03:36.319 align:start position:0%
humans are just crafty and they would
 

01:03:36.319 --> 01:03:38.470 align:start position:0%
humans are just crafty and they would
see<01:03:36.799><c> things</c><01:03:37.119><c> flexing</c><01:03:37.599><c> and</c><01:03:37.680><c> they</c><01:03:37.839><c> would</c><01:03:38.079><c> know</c>

01:03:38.470 --> 01:03:38.480 align:start position:0%
see things flexing and they would know
 

01:03:38.480 --> 01:03:40.870 align:start position:0%
see things flexing and they would know
that<01:03:38.559><c> there</c><01:03:38.720><c> must</c><01:03:38.960><c> be</c><01:03:39.119><c> a</c><01:03:39.200><c> force</c><01:03:39.520><c> there</c><01:03:40.720><c> and</c>

01:03:40.870 --> 01:03:40.880 align:start position:0%
that there must be a force there and
 

01:03:40.880 --> 01:03:41.510 align:start position:0%
that there must be a force there and
they<01:03:41.039><c> would</c><01:03:41.280><c> see</c>

01:03:41.510 --> 01:03:41.520 align:start position:0%
they would see
 

01:03:41.520 --> 01:03:43.910 align:start position:0%
they would see
contact<01:03:42.079><c> because</c><01:03:42.319><c> somebody</c><01:03:42.640><c> would</c><01:03:43.440><c> bend</c><01:03:43.760><c> or</c>

01:03:43.910 --> 01:03:43.920 align:start position:0%
contact because somebody would bend or
 

01:03:43.920 --> 01:03:45.430 align:start position:0%
contact because somebody would bend or
flex

01:03:45.430 --> 01:03:45.440 align:start position:0%
flex
 

01:03:45.440 --> 01:03:48.549 align:start position:0%
flex
and<01:03:47.440><c> they</c><01:03:47.599><c> could</c><01:03:47.760><c> feel</c><01:03:48.079><c> it</c>

01:03:48.549 --> 01:03:48.559 align:start position:0%
and they could feel it
 

01:03:48.559 --> 01:03:51.829 align:start position:0%
and they could feel it
kind<01:03:48.720><c> of</c><01:03:48.880><c> in</c><01:03:49.200><c> an</c><01:03:49.920><c> intuitive</c><01:03:50.400><c> way</c><01:03:51.440><c> but</c><01:03:51.599><c> it</c><01:03:51.680><c> was</c>

01:03:51.829 --> 01:03:51.839 align:start position:0%
kind of in an intuitive way but it was
 

01:03:51.839 --> 01:03:53.990 align:start position:0%
kind of in an intuitive way but it was
clear<01:03:52.160><c> we</c><01:03:52.240><c> needed</c><01:03:52.480><c> to</c><01:03:52.559><c> get</c><01:03:52.720><c> into</c>

01:03:53.990 --> 01:03:54.000 align:start position:0%
clear we needed to get into
 

01:03:54.000 --> 01:03:57.029 align:start position:0%
clear we needed to get into
tactical<01:03:54.480><c> force</c><01:03:54.720><c> control</c><01:03:56.079><c> and</c><01:03:56.400><c> where</c><01:03:56.640><c> we</c>

01:03:57.029 --> 01:03:57.039 align:start position:0%
tactical force control and where we
 

01:03:57.039 --> 01:03:58.870 align:start position:0%
tactical force control and where we
we<01:03:57.200><c> went</c><01:03:57.520><c> was</c><01:03:57.760><c> we</c><01:03:58.000><c> turned</c><01:03:58.240><c> that</c><01:03:58.400><c> over</c><01:03:58.640><c> to</c><01:03:58.720><c> the</c>

01:03:58.870 --> 01:03:58.880 align:start position:0%
we went was we turned that over to the
 

01:03:58.880 --> 01:04:01.589 align:start position:0%
we went was we turned that over to the
robot<01:04:00.000><c> that</c><01:04:00.240><c> all</c><01:04:00.400><c> force</c><01:04:00.720><c> management</c>

01:04:01.589 --> 01:04:01.599 align:start position:0%
robot that all force management
 

01:04:01.599 --> 01:04:03.109 align:start position:0%
robot that all force management
was<01:04:01.839><c> up</c><01:04:01.920><c> to</c><01:04:02.079><c> the</c><01:04:02.160><c> robot</c><01:04:02.640><c> and</c><01:04:02.720><c> the</c><01:04:02.880><c> tele</c>

01:04:03.109 --> 01:04:03.119 align:start position:0%
was up to the robot and the tele
 

01:04:03.119 --> 01:04:04.470 align:start position:0%
was up to the robot and the tele
operator<01:04:03.440><c> just</c><01:04:03.680><c> thought</c><01:04:03.839><c> they</c><01:04:04.000><c> were</c><01:04:04.240><c> really</c>

01:04:04.470 --> 01:04:04.480 align:start position:0%
operator just thought they were really
 

01:04:04.480 --> 01:04:05.670 align:start position:0%
operator just thought they were really
good

01:04:05.670 --> 01:04:05.680 align:start position:0%
good
 

01:04:05.680 --> 01:04:08.630 align:start position:0%
good
that<01:04:06.000><c> it</c><01:04:06.160><c> never</c><01:04:06.480><c> broke</c><01:04:06.720><c> the</c><01:04:06.960><c> arm</c><01:04:08.000><c> and</c><01:04:08.240><c> never</c>

01:04:08.630 --> 01:04:08.640 align:start position:0%
that it never broke the arm and never
 

01:04:08.640 --> 01:04:10.789 align:start position:0%
that it never broke the arm and never
crushed<01:04:08.960><c> the</c><01:04:09.119><c> object</c>

01:04:10.789 --> 01:04:10.799 align:start position:0%
crushed the object
 

01:04:10.799 --> 01:04:12.710 align:start position:0%
crushed the object
and<01:04:10.960><c> they</c><01:04:11.119><c> just</c><01:04:11.280><c> kind</c><01:04:11.359><c> of</c><01:04:11.440><c> would</c><01:04:11.599><c> go</c><01:04:11.839><c> like</c><01:04:12.079><c> this</c>

01:04:12.710 --> 01:04:12.720 align:start position:0%
and they just kind of would go like this
 

01:04:12.720 --> 01:04:14.309 align:start position:0%
and they just kind of would go like this
just<01:04:13.039><c> get</c><01:04:13.280><c> it</c>

01:04:14.309 --> 01:04:14.319 align:start position:0%
just get it
 

01:04:14.319 --> 01:04:17.270 align:start position:0%
just get it
and<01:04:14.720><c> that's</c><01:04:14.960><c> because</c><01:04:15.280><c> we</c><01:04:15.760><c> had</c><01:04:16.000><c> the</c><01:04:16.079><c> robot</c>

01:04:17.270 --> 01:04:17.280 align:start position:0%
and that's because we had the robot
 

01:04:17.280 --> 01:04:19.029 align:start position:0%
and that's because we had the robot
protecting<01:04:17.760><c> itself</c><01:04:18.079><c> from</c><01:04:18.240><c> the</c><01:04:18.319><c> tell</c><01:04:18.640><c> operator</c>

01:04:19.029 --> 01:04:19.039 align:start position:0%
protecting itself from the tell operator
 

01:04:19.039 --> 01:04:20.710 align:start position:0%
protecting itself from the tell operator
not<01:04:19.200><c> doing</c><01:04:19.440><c> exactly</c><01:04:19.760><c> what</c><01:04:19.920><c> was</c><01:04:20.160><c> told</c>

01:04:20.710 --> 01:04:20.720 align:start position:0%
not doing exactly what was told
 

01:04:20.720 --> 01:04:23.510 align:start position:0%
not doing exactly what was told
and<01:04:21.760><c> contextually</c><01:04:22.400><c> deciding</c><01:04:22.880><c> how</c><01:04:23.200><c> hard</c><01:04:23.440><c> to</c>

01:04:23.510 --> 01:04:23.520 align:start position:0%
and contextually deciding how hard to
 

01:04:23.520 --> 01:04:23.990 align:start position:0%
and contextually deciding how hard to
grab

01:04:23.990 --> 01:04:24.000 align:start position:0%
grab
 

01:04:24.000 --> 01:04:27.349 align:start position:0%
grab
objects<01:04:24.480><c> based</c><01:04:24.839><c> on</c><01:04:26.319><c> what</c><01:04:26.480><c> the</c><01:04:26.640><c> vision</c><01:04:26.960><c> system</c>

01:04:27.349 --> 01:04:27.359 align:start position:0%
objects based on what the vision system
 

01:04:27.359 --> 01:04:27.910 align:start position:0%
objects based on what the vision system
saw

01:04:27.910 --> 01:04:27.920 align:start position:0%
saw
 

01:04:27.920 --> 01:04:30.230 align:start position:0%
saw
it's<01:04:28.160><c> a</c><01:04:28.880><c> delicate</c><01:04:29.280><c> object</c><01:04:29.680><c> it</c><01:04:29.760><c> would</c><01:04:29.839><c> grab</c><01:04:30.160><c> it</c>

01:04:30.230 --> 01:04:30.240 align:start position:0%
it's a delicate object it would grab it
 

01:04:30.240 --> 01:04:31.990 align:start position:0%
it's a delicate object it would grab it
differently<01:04:30.640><c> than</c><01:04:30.799><c> if</c><01:04:30.960><c> it</c><01:04:31.039><c> was</c>

01:04:31.990 --> 01:04:32.000 align:start position:0%
differently than if it was
 

01:04:32.000 --> 01:04:35.109 align:start position:0%
differently than if it was
cue<01:04:32.240><c> ball</c><01:04:32.960><c> could</c><01:04:33.200><c> possibly</c><01:04:33.680><c> crush</c>

01:04:35.109 --> 01:04:35.119 align:start position:0%
cue ball could possibly crush
 

01:04:35.119 --> 01:04:38.870 align:start position:0%
cue ball could possibly crush
so<01:04:36.799><c> that</c><01:04:37.039><c> that</c><01:04:37.200><c> was</c><01:04:37.359><c> our</c><01:04:37.839><c> first</c><01:04:38.160><c> major</c><01:04:38.559><c> break</c>

01:04:38.870 --> 01:04:38.880 align:start position:0%
so that that was our first major break
 

01:04:38.880 --> 01:04:42.150 align:start position:0%
so that that was our first major break
in

01:04:42.150 --> 01:04:42.160 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:04:42.160 --> 01:04:45.190 align:start position:0%
 
autonomy<01:04:43.039><c> starting</c><01:04:43.359><c> to</c><01:04:43.440><c> do</c><01:04:44.319><c> turning</c><01:04:44.720><c> over</c><01:04:44.960><c> all</c>

01:04:45.190 --> 01:04:45.200 align:start position:0%
autonomy starting to do turning over all
 

01:04:45.200 --> 01:04:46.549 align:start position:0%
autonomy starting to do turning over all
forces<01:04:45.839><c> to</c><01:04:46.000><c> the</c>

01:04:46.549 --> 01:04:46.559 align:start position:0%
forces to the
 

01:04:46.559 --> 01:04:50.150 align:start position:0%
forces to the
machine<01:04:47.520><c> and</c><01:04:47.680><c> letting</c><01:04:48.000><c> it</c><01:04:48.400><c> handle</c><01:04:48.960><c> forces</c>

01:04:50.150 --> 01:04:50.160 align:start position:0%
machine and letting it handle forces
 

01:04:50.160 --> 01:04:51.829 align:start position:0%
machine and letting it handle forces
and<01:04:50.240><c> then</c><01:04:50.400><c> once</c><01:04:50.640><c> you</c><01:04:50.720><c> do</c><01:04:50.960><c> that</c><01:04:51.520><c> you</c><01:04:51.599><c> can</c>

01:04:51.829 --> 01:04:51.839 align:start position:0%
and then once you do that you can
 

01:04:51.839 --> 01:04:55.270 align:start position:0%
and then once you do that you can
automate<01:04:53.119><c> the</c><01:04:53.280><c> higher</c><01:04:53.839><c> level</c>

01:04:55.270 --> 01:04:55.280 align:start position:0%
automate the higher level
 

01:04:55.280 --> 01:04:57.029 align:start position:0%
automate the higher level
actions<01:04:55.839><c> because</c><01:04:56.079><c> the</c><01:04:56.160><c> robot's</c><01:04:56.640><c> going</c><01:04:56.799><c> to</c><01:04:56.880><c> be</c>

01:04:57.029 --> 01:04:57.039 align:start position:0%
actions because the robot's going to be
 

01:04:57.039 --> 01:04:59.270 align:start position:0%
actions because the robot's going to be
safe<01:04:57.359><c> it's</c><01:04:57.520><c> going</c><01:04:57.680><c> to</c><01:04:58.240><c> not</c><01:04:58.400><c> hurt</c><01:04:58.720><c> itself</c><01:04:59.119><c> and</c>

01:04:59.270 --> 01:04:59.280 align:start position:0%
safe it's going to not hurt itself and
 

01:04:59.280 --> 01:04:59.750 align:start position:0%
safe it's going to not hurt itself and
not<01:04:59.440><c> hurt</c>

01:04:59.750 --> 01:04:59.760 align:start position:0%
not hurt
 

01:04:59.760 --> 01:05:02.470 align:start position:0%
not hurt
the<01:04:59.839><c> environment</c><01:05:01.200><c> so</c><01:05:01.680><c> getting</c><01:05:01.920><c> to</c><01:05:02.000><c> that</c><01:05:02.240><c> was</c><01:05:02.400><c> a</c>

01:05:02.470 --> 01:05:02.480 align:start position:0%
the environment so getting to that was a
 

01:05:02.480 --> 01:05:03.910 align:start position:0%
the environment so getting to that was a
major<01:05:02.799><c> breakthrough</c><01:05:03.200><c> because</c><01:05:03.440><c> then</c><01:05:03.599><c> we</c><01:05:03.680><c> could</c>

01:05:03.910 --> 01:05:03.920 align:start position:0%
major breakthrough because then we could
 

01:05:03.920 --> 01:05:04.309 align:start position:0%
major breakthrough because then we could
start

01:05:04.309 --> 01:05:04.319 align:start position:0%
start
 

01:05:04.319 --> 01:05:07.990 align:start position:0%
start
automating<01:05:04.880><c> everything</c><01:05:07.280><c> how</c><01:05:07.440><c> do</c><01:05:07.520><c> you</c><01:05:07.680><c> how</c><01:05:07.839><c> do</c>

01:05:07.990 --> 01:05:08.000 align:start position:0%
automating everything how do you how do
 

01:05:08.000 --> 01:05:09.670 align:start position:0%
automating everything how do you how do
you<01:05:08.240><c> i'm</c><01:05:08.480><c> imagining</c><01:05:08.960><c> your</c><01:05:09.200><c> office</c><01:05:09.440><c> you</c><01:05:09.520><c> have</c>

01:05:09.670 --> 01:05:09.680 align:start position:0%
you i'm imagining your office you have
 

01:05:09.680 --> 01:05:10.230 align:start position:0%
you i'm imagining your office you have
like

01:05:10.230 --> 01:05:10.240 align:start position:0%
like
 

01:05:10.240 --> 01:05:14.789 align:start position:0%
like
you<01:05:10.319><c> know</c><01:05:10.480><c> all</c><01:05:10.640><c> these</c><01:05:11.280><c> uh</c><01:05:12.640><c> skeletons</c><01:05:13.359><c> of</c><01:05:14.400><c> apes</c>

01:05:14.789 --> 01:05:14.799 align:start position:0%
you know all these uh skeletons of apes
 

01:05:14.799 --> 01:05:15.990 align:start position:0%
you know all these uh skeletons of apes
and<01:05:14.960><c> things</c><01:05:15.200><c> like</c><01:05:15.359><c> that</c><01:05:15.520><c> so</c><01:05:15.680><c> how</c><01:05:15.839><c> do</c><01:05:15.920><c> you</c>

01:05:15.990 --> 01:05:16.000 align:start position:0%
and things like that so how do you
 

01:05:16.000 --> 01:05:17.109 align:start position:0%
and things like that so how do you
educate<01:05:16.400><c> yourself</c><01:05:16.720><c> on</c>

01:05:17.109 --> 01:05:17.119 align:start position:0%
educate yourself on
 

01:05:17.119 --> 01:05:19.109 align:start position:0%
educate yourself on
some<01:05:17.280><c> of</c><01:05:17.359><c> these</c><01:05:18.160><c> you</c><01:05:18.319><c> know</c><01:05:18.559><c> like</c><01:05:18.720><c> just</c><01:05:18.960><c> even</c>

01:05:19.109 --> 01:05:19.119 align:start position:0%
some of these you know like just even
 

01:05:19.119 --> 01:05:20.870 align:start position:0%
some of these you know like just even
just<01:05:19.280><c> figuring</c><01:05:19.520><c> out</c><01:05:19.680><c> the</c><01:05:19.839><c> palm</c><01:05:20.160><c> is</c><01:05:20.319><c> important</c>

01:05:20.870 --> 01:05:20.880 align:start position:0%
just figuring out the palm is important
 

01:05:20.880 --> 01:05:21.589 align:start position:0%
just figuring out the palm is important
and

01:05:21.589 --> 01:05:21.599 align:start position:0%
and
 

01:05:21.599 --> 01:05:24.710 align:start position:0%
and
you<01:05:21.680><c> know</c><01:05:21.839><c> you</c><01:05:22.000><c> mentioned</c><01:05:22.559><c> uh</c><01:05:23.280><c> a</c><01:05:23.839><c> doctor</c>

01:05:24.710 --> 01:05:24.720 align:start position:0%
you know you mentioned uh a doctor
 

01:05:24.720 --> 01:05:27.589 align:start position:0%
you know you mentioned uh a doctor
who<01:05:24.880><c> is</c><01:05:25.680><c> right</c><01:05:25.839><c> for</c><01:05:26.079><c> nancy</c><01:05:26.559><c> or</c><01:05:26.960><c> dr</c><01:05:27.280><c> nancy</c>

01:05:27.589 --> 01:05:27.599 align:start position:0%
who is right for nancy or dr nancy
 

01:05:27.599 --> 01:05:28.789 align:start position:0%
who is right for nancy or dr nancy
something<01:05:27.920><c> but</c>

01:05:28.789 --> 01:05:28.799 align:start position:0%
something but
 

01:05:28.799 --> 01:05:30.150 align:start position:0%
something but
she<01:05:28.960><c> noticed</c><01:05:29.200><c> the</c><01:05:29.359><c> other</c><01:05:29.520><c> hand</c><01:05:29.760><c> so</c><01:05:29.839><c> it</c><01:05:29.920><c> sounded</c>

01:05:30.150 --> 01:05:30.160 align:start position:0%
she noticed the other hand so it sounded
 

01:05:30.160 --> 01:05:31.750 align:start position:0%
she noticed the other hand so it sounded
like<01:05:30.319><c> you</c><01:05:30.400><c> have</c><01:05:30.480><c> a</c><01:05:30.559><c> whole</c><01:05:30.799><c> team</c><01:05:31.039><c> there</c><01:05:31.280><c> of</c>

01:05:31.750 --> 01:05:31.760 align:start position:0%
like you have a whole team there of
 

01:05:31.760 --> 01:05:32.150 align:start position:0%
like you have a whole team there of
people

01:05:32.150 --> 01:05:32.160 align:start position:0%
people
 

01:05:32.160 --> 01:05:34.829 align:start position:0%
people
doing<01:05:32.640><c> looking</c><01:05:32.960><c> at</c><01:05:33.119><c> sure</c><01:05:33.920><c> biologists</c><01:05:34.480><c> and</c><01:05:34.559><c> so</c>

01:05:34.829 --> 01:05:34.839 align:start position:0%
doing looking at sure biologists and so
 

01:05:34.839 --> 01:05:36.630 align:start position:0%
doing looking at sure biologists and so
on<01:05:35.839><c> we've</c>

01:05:36.630 --> 01:05:36.640 align:start position:0%
on we've
 

01:05:36.640 --> 01:05:37.990 align:start position:0%
on we've
we've<01:05:36.799><c> got</c><01:05:36.960><c> a</c><01:05:37.039><c> great</c><01:05:37.280><c> group</c><01:05:37.520><c> of</c><01:05:37.599><c> people</c><01:05:37.920><c> at</c>

01:05:37.990 --> 01:05:38.000 align:start position:0%
we've got a great group of people at
 

01:05:38.000 --> 01:05:41.670 align:start position:0%
we've got a great group of people at
nasa<01:05:38.960><c> and</c><01:05:39.599><c> basically</c><01:05:40.079><c> surrounded</c><01:05:40.559><c> myself</c>

01:05:41.670 --> 01:05:41.680 align:start position:0%
nasa and basically surrounded myself
 

01:05:41.680 --> 01:05:43.029 align:start position:0%
nasa and basically surrounded myself
with<01:05:41.839><c> people</c><01:05:42.079><c> that</c><01:05:42.160><c> are</c><01:05:42.240><c> a</c><01:05:42.319><c> lot</c><01:05:42.480><c> smarter</c><01:05:42.799><c> than</c>

01:05:43.029 --> 01:05:43.039 align:start position:0%
with people that are a lot smarter than
 

01:05:43.039 --> 01:05:45.190 align:start position:0%
with people that are a lot smarter than
i<01:05:43.200><c> am</c><01:05:44.079><c> and</c>

01:05:45.190 --> 01:05:45.200 align:start position:0%
i am and
 

01:05:45.200 --> 01:05:46.870 align:start position:0%
i am and
they<01:05:45.359><c> make</c><01:05:45.599><c> observations</c><01:05:46.240><c> like</c><01:05:46.400><c> that</c><01:05:46.640><c> all</c><01:05:46.720><c> the</c>

01:05:46.870 --> 01:05:46.880 align:start position:0%
they make observations like that all the
 

01:05:46.880 --> 01:05:48.470 align:start position:0%
they make observations like that all the
time<01:05:48.000><c> and</c>

01:05:48.470 --> 01:05:48.480 align:start position:0%
time and
 

01:05:48.480 --> 01:05:51.510 align:start position:0%
time and
you<01:05:48.640><c> never</c><01:05:48.799><c> know</c><01:05:48.960><c> where</c><01:05:49.680><c> it</c><01:05:49.839><c> might</c><01:05:50.079><c> lead</c><01:05:51.119><c> but</c>

01:05:51.510 --> 01:05:51.520 align:start position:0%
you never know where it might lead but
 

01:05:51.520 --> 01:05:54.390 align:start position:0%
you never know where it might lead but
it's<01:05:51.839><c> that</c><01:05:52.240><c> same</c><01:05:52.480><c> kind</c><01:05:52.640><c> of</c><01:05:52.720><c> team</c><01:05:53.039><c> approach</c><01:05:53.440><c> to</c>

01:05:54.390 --> 01:05:54.400 align:start position:0%
it's that same kind of team approach to
 

01:05:54.400 --> 01:05:56.150 align:start position:0%
it's that same kind of team approach to
figuring<01:05:54.799><c> out</c><01:05:54.880><c> a</c><01:05:54.960><c> domain</c>

01:05:56.150 --> 01:05:56.160 align:start position:0%
figuring out a domain
 

01:05:56.160 --> 01:05:57.349 align:start position:0%
figuring out a domain
everybody<01:05:56.559><c> comes</c><01:05:56.880><c> in</c><01:05:56.960><c> with</c><01:05:57.119><c> a</c><01:05:57.119><c> little</c>

01:05:57.349 --> 01:05:57.359 align:start position:0%
everybody comes in with a little
 

01:05:57.359 --> 01:05:59.270 align:start position:0%
everybody comes in with a little
different<01:05:57.680><c> perspective</c><01:05:58.160><c> nancy</c>

01:05:59.270 --> 01:05:59.280 align:start position:0%
different perspective nancy
 

01:05:59.280 --> 01:06:02.309 align:start position:0%
different perspective nancy
has<01:05:59.440><c> flown</c><01:05:59.680><c> in</c><01:05:59.760><c> space</c><01:06:00.079><c> four</c><01:06:00.319><c> times</c><01:06:01.920><c> uh</c>

01:06:02.309 --> 01:06:02.319 align:start position:0%
has flown in space four times uh
 

01:06:02.319 --> 01:06:06.069 align:start position:0%
has flown in space four times uh
she's<01:06:03.039><c> a</c><01:06:03.599><c> robot</c><01:06:04.880><c> operator</c>

01:06:06.069 --> 01:06:06.079 align:start position:0%
she's a robot operator
 

01:06:06.079 --> 01:06:09.750 align:start position:0%
she's a robot operator
um<01:06:07.119><c> excellent</c><01:06:08.480><c> she</c><01:06:08.880><c> uh</c>

01:06:09.750 --> 01:06:09.760 align:start position:0%
um excellent she uh
 

01:06:09.760 --> 01:06:11.990 align:start position:0%
um excellent she uh
trains<01:06:10.079><c> other</c><01:06:10.319><c> astronauts</c><01:06:11.520><c> how</c><01:06:11.680><c> to</c><01:06:11.760><c> use</c>

01:06:11.990 --> 01:06:12.000 align:start position:0%
trains other astronauts how to use
 

01:06:12.000 --> 01:06:14.390 align:start position:0%
trains other astronauts how to use
robots<01:06:12.400><c> in</c><01:06:12.559><c> space</c>

01:06:14.390 --> 01:06:14.400 align:start position:0%
robots in space
 

01:06:14.400 --> 01:06:18.069 align:start position:0%
robots in space
she<01:06:14.559><c> has</c><01:06:14.640><c> a</c><01:06:14.720><c> phd</c><01:06:15.119><c> in</c><01:06:15.200><c> human</c><01:06:15.520><c> factors</c><01:06:17.280><c> and</c><01:06:17.920><c> is</c>

01:06:18.069 --> 01:06:18.079 align:start position:0%
she has a phd in human factors and is
 

01:06:18.079 --> 01:06:19.750 align:start position:0%
she has a phd in human factors and is
really

01:06:19.750 --> 01:06:19.760 align:start position:0%
really
 

01:06:19.760 --> 01:06:21.589 align:start position:0%
really
into<01:06:20.000><c> that</c><01:06:20.319><c> intersection</c><01:06:20.880><c> between</c><01:06:21.200><c> humans</c>

01:06:21.589 --> 01:06:21.599 align:start position:0%
into that intersection between humans
 

01:06:21.599 --> 01:06:25.029 align:start position:0%
into that intersection between humans
and<01:06:22.000><c> robots</c><01:06:22.480><c> working</c><01:06:22.799><c> together</c>

01:06:25.029 --> 01:06:25.039 align:start position:0%
and robots working together
 

01:06:25.039 --> 01:06:28.950 align:start position:0%
and robots working together
and<01:06:25.520><c> it</c><01:06:26.160><c> it</c><01:06:26.319><c> turns</c><01:06:26.559><c> out</c><01:06:26.799><c> that</c><01:06:27.280><c> is</c><01:06:27.920><c> our</c>

01:06:28.950 --> 01:06:28.960 align:start position:0%
and it it turns out that is our
 

01:06:28.960 --> 01:06:32.789 align:start position:0%
and it it turns out that is our
niche<01:06:29.760><c> at</c><01:06:29.920><c> the</c><01:06:30.000><c> johnson</c><01:06:30.400><c> space</c><01:06:30.839><c> center</c>

01:06:32.789 --> 01:06:32.799 align:start position:0%
niche at the johnson space center
 

01:06:32.799 --> 01:06:37.670 align:start position:0%
niche at the johnson space center
will<01:06:32.960><c> allocate</c><01:06:33.440><c> space</c><01:06:34.640><c> but</c><01:06:34.799><c> then</c>

01:06:37.670 --> 01:06:37.680 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:06:37.680 --> 01:06:39.510 align:start position:0%
 
no<01:06:37.839><c> one</c><01:06:38.079><c> can</c><01:06:38.240><c> do</c><01:06:38.480><c> everything</c><01:06:38.799><c> in</c><01:06:38.880><c> robotics</c>

01:06:39.510 --> 01:06:39.520 align:start position:0%
no one can do everything in robotics
 

01:06:39.520 --> 01:06:42.230 align:start position:0%
no one can do everything in robotics
it's<01:06:40.240><c> a</c><01:06:40.319><c> big</c><01:06:40.559><c> enough</c><01:06:40.799><c> profession</c><01:06:41.280><c> now</c>

01:06:42.230 --> 01:06:42.240 align:start position:0%
it's a big enough profession now
 

01:06:42.240 --> 01:06:43.750 align:start position:0%
it's a big enough profession now
and<01:06:42.400><c> our</c><01:06:42.559><c> niche</c><01:06:42.799><c> is</c><01:06:42.960><c> space</c><01:06:43.200><c> robotics</c>

01:06:43.750 --> 01:06:43.760 align:start position:0%
and our niche is space robotics
 

01:06:43.760 --> 01:06:46.390 align:start position:0%
and our niche is space robotics
obviously<01:06:44.240><c> but</c>

01:06:46.390 --> 01:06:46.400 align:start position:0%
obviously but
 

01:06:46.400 --> 01:06:48.549 align:start position:0%
obviously but
my<01:06:46.640><c> buddies</c><01:06:46.960><c> at</c><01:06:47.039><c> jpl</c><01:06:47.520><c> build</c><01:06:47.760><c> robots</c><01:06:48.160><c> that</c><01:06:48.319><c> go</c>

01:06:48.549 --> 01:06:48.559 align:start position:0%
my buddies at jpl build robots that go
 

01:06:48.559 --> 01:06:50.549 align:start position:0%
my buddies at jpl build robots that go
to<01:06:48.720><c> planets</c><01:06:49.119><c> without</c><01:06:49.440><c> people</c>

01:06:50.549 --> 01:06:50.559 align:start position:0%
to planets without people
 

01:06:50.559 --> 01:06:54.069 align:start position:0%
to planets without people
and<01:06:50.720><c> we</c><01:06:50.880><c> help</c><01:06:51.119><c> them</c><01:06:51.200><c> a</c><01:06:51.280><c> little</c><01:06:51.440><c> bit</c><01:06:52.559><c> and</c>

01:06:54.069 --> 01:06:54.079 align:start position:0%
and we help them a little bit and
 

01:06:54.079 --> 01:06:56.870 align:start position:0%
and we help them a little bit and
at<01:06:54.240><c> jsc</c><01:06:54.799><c> at</c><01:06:54.880><c> trial</c><01:06:55.119><c> space</c><01:06:55.440><c> center</c><01:06:56.480><c> we</c><01:06:56.640><c> build</c>

01:06:56.870 --> 01:06:56.880 align:start position:0%
at jsc at trial space center we build
 

01:06:56.880 --> 01:06:59.829 align:start position:0%
at jsc at trial space center we build
robots<01:06:57.359><c> that</c><01:06:57.520><c> work</c><01:06:57.760><c> with</c><01:06:57.920><c> people</c><01:06:58.240><c> in</c><01:06:58.839><c> space</c>

01:06:59.829 --> 01:06:59.839 align:start position:0%
robots that work with people in space
 

01:06:59.839 --> 01:07:01.510 align:start position:0%
robots that work with people in space
with<01:07:00.079><c> some</c><01:07:00.240><c> help</c><01:07:00.480><c> from</c><01:07:00.720><c> jpl</c><01:07:01.200><c> and</c><01:07:01.280><c> other</c>

01:07:01.510 --> 01:07:01.520 align:start position:0%
with some help from jpl and other
 

01:07:01.520 --> 01:07:02.710 align:start position:0%
with some help from jpl and other
centers<01:07:01.839><c> too</c>

01:07:02.710 --> 01:07:02.720 align:start position:0%
centers too
 

01:07:02.720 --> 01:07:04.150 align:start position:0%
centers too
because<01:07:02.880><c> there's</c><01:07:03.119><c> a</c><01:07:03.119><c> lot</c><01:07:03.280><c> of</c><01:07:03.359><c> commonality</c><01:07:04.000><c> of</c>

01:07:04.150 --> 01:07:04.160 align:start position:0%
because there's a lot of commonality of
 

01:07:04.160 --> 01:07:06.630 align:start position:0%
because there's a lot of commonality of
course<01:07:05.359><c> but</c><01:07:05.599><c> it's</c><01:07:05.760><c> really</c><01:07:06.079><c> our</c>

01:07:06.630 --> 01:07:06.640 align:start position:0%
course but it's really our
 

01:07:06.640 --> 01:07:10.230 align:start position:0%
course but it's really our
our<01:07:06.880><c> niche</c><01:07:07.599><c> is</c><01:07:08.799><c> building</c><01:07:09.119><c> robots</c><01:07:09.599><c> to</c><01:07:09.680><c> help</c>

01:07:10.230 --> 01:07:10.240 align:start position:0%
our niche is building robots to help
 

01:07:10.240 --> 01:07:12.870 align:start position:0%
our niche is building robots to help
humans<01:07:10.559><c> in</c><01:07:10.720><c> space</c><01:07:12.000><c> so</c><01:07:12.160><c> for</c><01:07:12.319><c> the</c><01:07:12.400><c> last</c><01:07:12.640><c> six</c>

01:07:12.870 --> 01:07:12.880 align:start position:0%
humans in space so for the last six
 

01:07:12.880 --> 01:07:13.349 align:start position:0%
humans in space so for the last six
years

01:07:13.349 --> 01:07:13.359 align:start position:0%
years
 

01:07:13.359 --> 01:07:14.870 align:start position:0%
years
i've<01:07:13.440><c> been</c><01:07:13.599><c> leading</c><01:07:13.920><c> a</c><01:07:14.319><c> project</c><01:07:14.640><c> called</c><01:07:14.799><c> the</c>

01:07:14.870 --> 01:07:14.880 align:start position:0%
i've been leading a project called the
 

01:07:14.880 --> 01:07:17.109 align:start position:0%
i've been leading a project called the
human<01:07:15.119><c> robotics</c><01:07:15.520><c> systems</c><01:07:15.920><c> project</c>

01:07:17.109 --> 01:07:17.119 align:start position:0%
human robotics systems project
 

01:07:17.119 --> 01:07:19.589 align:start position:0%
human robotics systems project
and<01:07:17.440><c> it</c><01:07:17.920><c> funds</c><01:07:18.319><c> work</c><01:07:18.640><c> at</c><01:07:19.039><c> the</c><01:07:19.119><c> johnson</c><01:07:19.359><c> space</c>

01:07:19.589 --> 01:07:19.599 align:start position:0%
and it funds work at the johnson space
 

01:07:19.599 --> 01:07:22.230 align:start position:0%
and it funds work at the johnson space
center<01:07:19.920><c> plus</c><01:07:20.160><c> jpl</c><01:07:20.799><c> ames</c>

01:07:22.230 --> 01:07:22.240 align:start position:0%
center plus jpl ames
 

01:07:22.240 --> 01:07:25.910 align:start position:0%
center plus jpl ames
glenn<01:07:24.319><c> goddard</c><01:07:24.799><c> langley</c><01:07:25.119><c> and</c><01:07:25.280><c> kennedy</c><01:07:25.680><c> so</c><01:07:25.839><c> we</c>

01:07:25.910 --> 01:07:25.920 align:start position:0%
glenn goddard langley and kennedy so we
 

01:07:25.920 --> 01:07:29.430 align:start position:0%
glenn goddard langley and kennedy so we
got<01:07:26.079><c> seven</c><01:07:26.839><c> centers</c><01:07:27.839><c> all</c><01:07:28.000><c> around</c><01:07:28.240><c> the</c><01:07:28.319><c> country</c>

01:07:29.430 --> 01:07:29.440 align:start position:0%
got seven centers all around the country
 

01:07:29.440 --> 01:07:31.270 align:start position:0%
got seven centers all around the country
part<01:07:29.599><c> of</c><01:07:29.680><c> this</c><01:07:29.839><c> team</c><01:07:30.640><c> and</c><01:07:30.799><c> we're</c><01:07:30.960><c> really</c>

01:07:31.270 --> 01:07:31.280 align:start position:0%
part of this team and we're really
 

01:07:31.280 --> 01:07:32.950 align:start position:0%
part of this team and we're really
focused<01:07:31.599><c> on</c><01:07:31.760><c> building</c><01:07:32.160><c> machines</c><01:07:32.640><c> that</c><01:07:32.799><c> can</c>

01:07:32.950 --> 01:07:32.960 align:start position:0%
focused on building machines that can
 

01:07:32.960 --> 01:07:36.150 align:start position:0%
focused on building machines that can
help<01:07:33.200><c> people</c><01:07:33.599><c> work</c><01:07:33.839><c> in</c><01:07:34.000><c> space</c>

01:07:36.150 --> 01:07:36.160 align:start position:0%
help people work in space
 

01:07:36.160 --> 01:07:39.270 align:start position:0%
help people work in space
when<01:07:36.400><c> we</c>

01:07:39.270 --> 01:07:39.280 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:07:39.280 --> 01:07:44.069 align:start position:0%
 
turned<01:07:39.760><c> to</c><01:07:39.920><c> the</c><01:07:40.079><c> moon</c><01:07:41.200><c> in</c><01:07:41.839><c> about</c><01:07:42.680><c> 2005</c>

01:07:44.069 --> 01:07:44.079 align:start position:0%
turned to the moon in about 2005
 

01:07:44.079 --> 01:07:48.950 align:start position:0%
turned to the moon in about 2005
2006

01:07:48.950 --> 01:07:48.960 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:07:48.960 --> 01:07:51.990 align:start position:0%
 
i<01:07:49.280><c> uh</c><01:07:49.920><c> i</c><01:07:50.079><c> was</c><01:07:50.240><c> told</c><01:07:50.480><c> to</c>

01:07:51.990 --> 01:07:52.000 align:start position:0%
i uh i was told to
 

01:07:52.000 --> 01:07:53.670 align:start position:0%
i uh i was told to
stop<01:07:52.240><c> horsing</c><01:07:52.559><c> around</c><01:07:52.720><c> with</c><01:07:52.799><c> robonaut</c><01:07:53.520><c> we</c>

01:07:53.670 --> 01:07:53.680 align:start position:0%
stop horsing around with robonaut we
 

01:07:53.680 --> 01:07:55.430 align:start position:0%
stop horsing around with robonaut we
need<01:07:53.839><c> to</c><01:07:53.920><c> build</c><01:07:54.079><c> a</c><01:07:54.240><c> rover</c>

01:07:55.430 --> 01:07:55.440 align:start position:0%
need to build a rover
 

01:07:55.440 --> 01:07:58.950 align:start position:0%
need to build a rover
so<01:07:56.160><c> i</c><01:07:58.319><c> said</c><01:07:58.559><c> all</c><01:07:58.640><c> right</c>

01:07:58.950 --> 01:07:58.960 align:start position:0%
so i said all right
 

01:07:58.960 --> 01:08:02.710 align:start position:0%
so i said all right
we're<01:07:59.119><c> going</c><01:07:59.200><c> to</c><01:07:59.280><c> get</c><01:07:59.359><c> into</c><01:07:59.599><c> mobility</c><01:08:01.280><c> and</c>

01:08:02.710 --> 01:08:02.720 align:start position:0%
we're going to get into mobility and
 

01:08:02.720 --> 01:08:05.589 align:start position:0%
we're going to get into mobility and
i<01:08:02.880><c> focus</c><01:08:03.280><c> the</c><01:08:03.440><c> team</c><01:08:03.920><c> on</c><01:08:04.160><c> designing</c><01:08:05.119><c> a</c><01:08:05.280><c> rover</c>

01:08:05.589 --> 01:08:05.599 align:start position:0%
i focus the team on designing a rover
 

01:08:05.599 --> 01:08:08.230 align:start position:0%
i focus the team on designing a rover
for<01:08:05.760><c> people</c>

01:08:08.230 --> 01:08:08.240 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:08:08.240 --> 01:08:10.710 align:start position:0%
 
which<01:08:08.559><c> is</c><01:08:08.640><c> a</c><01:08:08.720><c> different</c><01:08:09.039><c> kind</c><01:08:09.119><c> of</c><01:08:09.280><c> a</c><01:08:09.359><c> problem</c>

01:08:10.710 --> 01:08:10.720 align:start position:0%
which is a different kind of a problem
 

01:08:10.720 --> 01:08:11.510 align:start position:0%
which is a different kind of a problem
you<01:08:10.880><c> know</c><01:08:10.960><c> the</c>

01:08:11.510 --> 01:08:11.520 align:start position:0%
you know the
 

01:08:11.520 --> 01:08:14.309 align:start position:0%
you know the
uh<01:08:11.760><c> the</c><01:08:11.920><c> apollo</c><01:08:12.319><c> lunar</c><01:08:12.640><c> rover</c><01:08:13.920><c> was</c><01:08:14.160><c> an</c>

01:08:14.309 --> 01:08:14.319 align:start position:0%
uh the apollo lunar rover was an
 

01:08:14.319 --> 01:08:16.630 align:start position:0%
uh the apollo lunar rover was an
incredible<01:08:14.880><c> machine</c>

01:08:16.630 --> 01:08:16.640 align:start position:0%
incredible machine
 

01:08:16.640 --> 01:08:20.669 align:start position:0%
incredible machine
and<01:08:17.759><c> it</c><01:08:19.440><c> was</c><01:08:19.679><c> very</c><01:08:19.920><c> different</c><01:08:20.319><c> than</c>

01:08:20.669 --> 01:08:20.679 align:start position:0%
and it was very different than
 

01:08:20.679 --> 01:08:23.669 align:start position:0%
and it was very different than
sojourner<01:08:21.679><c> spirit</c><01:08:22.080><c> or</c>

01:08:23.669 --> 01:08:23.679 align:start position:0%
sojourner spirit or
 

01:08:23.679 --> 01:08:25.030 align:start position:0%
sojourner spirit or
maybe<01:08:24.000><c> just</c><01:08:24.159><c> look</c><01:08:24.319><c> at</c><01:08:24.400><c> the</c><01:08:24.480><c> design</c><01:08:24.719><c> everything</c>

01:08:25.030 --> 01:08:25.040 align:start position:0%
maybe just look at the design everything
 

01:08:25.040 --> 01:08:26.789 align:start position:0%
maybe just look at the design everything
about<01:08:25.199><c> it</c><01:08:25.440><c> about</c><01:08:25.600><c> this</c><01:08:25.920><c> almost</c><01:08:26.239><c> exactly</c><01:08:26.640><c> the</c>

01:08:26.789 --> 01:08:26.799 align:start position:0%
about it about this almost exactly the
 

01:08:26.799 --> 01:08:27.910 align:start position:0%
about it about this almost exactly the
same<01:08:27.040><c> mass</c>

01:08:27.910 --> 01:08:27.920 align:start position:0%
same mass
 

01:08:27.920 --> 01:08:32.470 align:start position:0%
same mass
as<01:08:28.159><c> spirit</c><01:08:30.000><c> but</c><01:08:30.400><c> totally</c><01:08:30.799><c> different</c>

01:08:32.470 --> 01:08:32.480 align:start position:0%
as spirit but totally different
 

01:08:32.480 --> 01:08:37.030 align:start position:0%
as spirit but totally different
performance<01:08:33.120><c> spec</c><01:08:34.640><c> and</c><01:08:35.359><c> not</c><01:08:35.520><c> at</c><01:08:35.679><c> all</c><01:08:35.920><c> smart</c>

01:08:37.030 --> 01:08:37.040 align:start position:0%
performance spec and not at all smart
 

01:08:37.040 --> 01:08:40.550 align:start position:0%
performance spec and not at all smart
because<01:08:38.159><c> you'd</c><01:08:38.400><c> load</c><01:08:38.640><c> this</c><01:08:39.359><c> cognitive</c>

01:08:40.550 --> 01:08:40.560 align:start position:0%
because you'd load this cognitive
 

01:08:40.560 --> 01:08:43.749 align:start position:0%
because you'd load this cognitive
subsystem<01:08:41.120><c> on</c><01:08:41.199><c> board</c><01:08:41.440><c> called</c><01:08:41.679><c> the</c><01:08:41.759><c> human</c><01:08:42.960><c> but</c>

01:08:43.749 --> 01:08:43.759 align:start position:0%
subsystem on board called the human but
 

01:08:43.759 --> 01:08:47.910 align:start position:0%
subsystem on board called the human but
boy<01:08:44.000><c> it</c><01:08:44.080><c> was</c><01:08:44.239><c> fast</c><01:08:45.920><c> and</c><01:08:46.480><c> pretty</c><01:08:46.719><c> torquey</c>

01:08:47.910 --> 01:08:47.920 align:start position:0%
boy it was fast and pretty torquey
 

01:08:47.920 --> 01:08:50.829 align:start position:0%
boy it was fast and pretty torquey
it<01:08:48.080><c> could</c><01:08:48.239><c> carry</c><01:08:48.480><c> a</c><01:08:48.560><c> lot</c><01:08:48.719><c> of</c><01:08:48.799><c> payload</c><01:08:50.400><c> gear</c><01:08:50.640><c> two</c>

01:08:50.829 --> 01:08:50.839 align:start position:0%
it could carry a lot of payload gear two
 

01:08:50.839 --> 01:08:52.309 align:start position:0%
it could carry a lot of payload gear two
astronauts

01:08:52.309 --> 01:08:52.319 align:start position:0%
astronauts
 

01:08:52.319 --> 01:08:56.070 align:start position:0%
astronauts
and<01:08:54.000><c> unfolded</c><01:08:54.799><c> pretty</c><01:08:55.120><c> remarkably</c><01:08:55.759><c> off</c>

01:08:56.070 --> 01:08:56.080 align:start position:0%
and unfolded pretty remarkably off
 

01:08:56.080 --> 01:09:00.709 align:start position:0%
and unfolded pretty remarkably off
the<01:08:56.159><c> side</c><01:08:56.319><c> of</c><01:08:56.480><c> the</c><01:08:56.560><c> winter</c><01:08:57.920><c> lander</c>

01:09:00.709 --> 01:09:00.719 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:09:00.719 --> 01:09:01.990 align:start position:0%
 
but<01:09:00.960><c> when</c><01:09:01.120><c> we</c><01:09:01.279><c> decided</c><01:09:01.600><c> we</c><01:09:01.759><c> were</c><01:09:01.839><c> going</c><01:09:01.920><c> to</c>

01:09:01.990 --> 01:09:02.000 align:start position:0%
but when we decided we were going to
 

01:09:02.000 --> 01:09:03.590 align:start position:0%
but when we decided we were going to
build<01:09:02.400><c> kind</c><01:09:02.560><c> of</c><01:09:02.640><c> the</c><01:09:02.719><c> next</c><01:09:02.960><c> generation</c><01:09:03.440><c> of</c>

01:09:03.590 --> 01:09:03.600 align:start position:0%
build kind of the next generation of
 

01:09:03.600 --> 01:09:06.070 align:start position:0%
build kind of the next generation of
lunar<01:09:03.920><c> rover</c><01:09:04.319><c> for</c><01:09:04.839><c> astronauts</c>

01:09:06.070 --> 01:09:06.080 align:start position:0%
lunar rover for astronauts
 

01:09:06.080 --> 01:09:09.110 align:start position:0%
lunar rover for astronauts
i<01:09:07.359><c> put</c><01:09:07.679><c> that</c><01:09:07.839><c> picture</c><01:09:08.239><c> up</c><01:09:08.400><c> on</c><01:09:08.480><c> the</c><01:09:08.640><c> screen</c><01:09:09.040><c> and</c>

01:09:09.110 --> 01:09:09.120 align:start position:0%
i put that picture up on the screen and
 

01:09:09.120 --> 01:09:11.030 align:start position:0%
i put that picture up on the screen and
said<01:09:09.279><c> this</c><01:09:09.520><c> isn't</c><01:09:09.839><c> it</c>

01:09:11.030 --> 01:09:11.040 align:start position:0%
said this isn't it
 

01:09:11.040 --> 01:09:12.390 align:start position:0%
said this isn't it
said<01:09:11.279><c> we're</c><01:09:11.440><c> going</c><01:09:11.600><c> to</c><01:09:11.679><c> challenge</c><01:09:12.080><c> every</c>

01:09:12.390 --> 01:09:12.400 align:start position:0%
said we're going to challenge every
 

01:09:12.400 --> 01:09:14.550 align:start position:0%
said we're going to challenge every
aspect<01:09:12.880><c> of</c><01:09:12.960><c> this</c><01:09:13.120><c> design</c><01:09:14.000><c> we're</c><01:09:14.159><c> not</c><01:09:14.319><c> just</c>

01:09:14.550 --> 01:09:14.560 align:start position:0%
aspect of this design we're not just
 

01:09:14.560 --> 01:09:15.910 align:start position:0%
aspect of this design we're not just
going<01:09:14.719><c> to</c><01:09:14.799><c> go</c>

01:09:15.910 --> 01:09:15.920 align:start position:0%
going to go
 

01:09:15.920 --> 01:09:18.229 align:start position:0%
going to go
build<01:09:16.400><c> a</c><01:09:17.040><c> modern</c><01:09:17.440><c> version</c><01:09:17.920><c> i'm</c><01:09:18.080><c> going</c><01:09:18.159><c> to</c>

01:09:18.229 --> 01:09:18.239 align:start position:0%
build a modern version i'm going to
 

01:09:18.239 --> 01:09:19.669 align:start position:0%
build a modern version i'm going to
follow<01:09:18.640><c> we're</c><01:09:18.799><c> not</c><01:09:18.960><c> just</c><01:09:19.120><c> gonna</c>

01:09:19.669 --> 01:09:19.679 align:start position:0%
follow we're not just gonna
 

01:09:19.679 --> 01:09:21.430 align:start position:0%
follow we're not just gonna
swap<01:09:20.000><c> the</c><01:09:20.080><c> aluminum</c><01:09:20.560><c> out</c><01:09:20.719><c> with</c><01:09:20.799><c> carbon</c><01:09:21.199><c> it's</c>

01:09:21.430 --> 01:09:21.440 align:start position:0%
swap the aluminum out with carbon it's
 

01:09:21.440 --> 01:09:24.470 align:start position:0%
swap the aluminum out with carbon it's
okay<01:09:22.480><c> this</c><01:09:22.719><c> is</c><01:09:22.799><c> the</c><01:09:22.960><c> update</c>

01:09:24.470 --> 01:09:24.480 align:start position:0%
okay this is the update
 

01:09:24.480 --> 01:09:27.749 align:start position:0%
okay this is the update
but<01:09:24.799><c> so</c><01:09:24.960><c> much</c><01:09:25.199><c> has</c><01:09:25.440><c> changed</c><01:09:27.040><c> let's</c>

01:09:27.749 --> 01:09:27.759 align:start position:0%
but so much has changed let's
 

01:09:27.759 --> 01:09:29.590 align:start position:0%
but so much has changed let's
let's<01:09:28.000><c> rethink</c><01:09:28.480><c> this</c><01:09:28.799><c> plus</c><01:09:29.040><c> the</c><01:09:29.199><c> mission's</c>

01:09:29.590 --> 01:09:29.600 align:start position:0%
let's rethink this plus the mission's
 

01:09:29.600 --> 01:09:31.189 align:start position:0%
let's rethink this plus the mission's
different

01:09:31.189 --> 01:09:31.199 align:start position:0%
different
 

01:09:31.199 --> 01:09:33.189 align:start position:0%
different
the<01:09:31.679><c> mission</c><01:09:32.000><c> we</c><01:09:32.159><c> were</c><01:09:32.319><c> given</c><01:09:32.560><c> was</c><01:09:32.719><c> to</c><01:09:32.880><c> stay</c><01:09:33.040><c> on</c>

01:09:33.189 --> 01:09:33.199 align:start position:0%
the mission we were given was to stay on
 

01:09:33.199 --> 01:09:36.390 align:start position:0%
the mission we were given was to stay on
the<01:09:33.279><c> moon</c><01:09:33.600><c> for</c><01:09:33.839><c> many</c><01:09:34.080><c> weeks</c>

01:09:36.390 --> 01:09:36.400 align:start position:0%
the moon for many weeks
 

01:09:36.400 --> 01:09:38.789 align:start position:0%
the moon for many weeks
and<01:09:36.640><c> the</c><01:09:37.359><c> design</c><01:09:37.679><c> spec</c><01:09:38.000><c> for</c><01:09:38.080><c> that</c><01:09:38.239><c> rover</c><01:09:38.560><c> just</c>

01:09:38.789 --> 01:09:38.799 align:start position:0%
and the design spec for that rover just
 

01:09:38.799 --> 01:09:39.749 align:start position:0%
and the design spec for that rover just
was<01:09:38.960><c> not</c>

01:09:39.749 --> 01:09:39.759 align:start position:0%
was not
 

01:09:39.759 --> 01:09:43.749 align:start position:0%
was not
what<01:09:39.920><c> we</c><01:09:40.080><c> wanted</c><01:09:41.839><c> they</c><01:09:42.239><c> would</c><01:09:42.480><c> never</c>

01:09:43.749 --> 01:09:43.759 align:start position:0%
what we wanted they would never
 

01:09:43.759 --> 01:09:44.870 align:start position:0%
what we wanted they would never
they<01:09:43.920><c> were</c><01:09:44.000><c> never</c><01:09:44.239><c> allowed</c><01:09:44.480><c> to</c><01:09:44.560><c> drive</c><01:09:44.799><c> that</c>

01:09:44.870 --> 01:09:44.880 align:start position:0%
they were never allowed to drive that
 

01:09:44.880 --> 01:09:46.709 align:start position:0%
they were never allowed to drive that
rover<01:09:45.279><c> further</c><01:09:45.600><c> than</c><01:09:45.759><c> they</c><01:09:45.920><c> could</c><01:09:46.080><c> walk</c><01:09:46.400><c> back</c>

01:09:46.709 --> 01:09:46.719 align:start position:0%
rover further than they could walk back
 

01:09:46.719 --> 01:09:47.349 align:start position:0%
rover further than they could walk back
to<01:09:46.880><c> the</c>

01:09:47.349 --> 01:09:47.359 align:start position:0%
to the
 

01:09:47.359 --> 01:09:49.990 align:start position:0%
to the
lander<01:09:48.640><c> so</c><01:09:48.880><c> just</c><01:09:49.120><c> fundamentally</c><01:09:49.600><c> just</c><01:09:49.759><c> didn't</c>

01:09:49.990 --> 01:09:50.000 align:start position:0%
lander so just fundamentally just didn't
 

01:09:50.000 --> 01:09:51.110 align:start position:0%
lander so just fundamentally just didn't
trust<01:09:50.239><c> it</c>

01:09:51.110 --> 01:09:51.120 align:start position:0%
trust it
 

01:09:51.120 --> 01:09:53.269 align:start position:0%
trust it
but<01:09:51.359><c> if</c><01:09:51.440><c> it</c><01:09:51.520><c> broke</c><01:09:51.759><c> down</c><01:09:51.920><c> they</c><01:09:52.080><c> would</c><01:09:52.239><c> die</c>

01:09:53.269 --> 01:09:53.279 align:start position:0%
but if it broke down they would die
 

01:09:53.279 --> 01:09:54.790 align:start position:0%
but if it broke down they would die
there<01:09:53.440><c> was</c><01:09:53.600><c> no</c><01:09:53.759><c> hope</c><01:09:54.000><c> they</c><01:09:54.159><c> would</c><01:09:54.320><c> run</c><01:09:54.560><c> out</c><01:09:54.640><c> of</c>

01:09:54.790 --> 01:09:54.800 align:start position:0%
there was no hope they would run out of
 

01:09:54.800 --> 01:09:56.470 align:start position:0%
there was no hope they would run out of
oxygen<01:09:55.120><c> before</c><01:09:55.360><c> they</c><01:09:55.520><c> would</c><01:09:55.600><c> get</c><01:09:55.840><c> back</c>

01:09:56.470 --> 01:09:56.480 align:start position:0%
oxygen before they would get back
 

01:09:56.480 --> 01:09:58.070 align:start position:0%
oxygen before they would get back
so<01:09:56.640><c> they</c><01:09:56.800><c> just</c><01:09:56.960><c> never</c><01:09:57.199><c> drove</c><01:09:57.440><c> it</c><01:09:57.520><c> very</c><01:09:57.760><c> far</c>

01:09:58.070 --> 01:09:58.080 align:start position:0%
so they just never drove it very far
 

01:09:58.080 --> 01:10:01.270 align:start position:0%
so they just never drove it very far
they<01:09:58.239><c> drove</c><01:09:58.560><c> up</c><01:09:59.280><c> spirals</c><01:09:59.760><c> around</c><01:10:00.080><c> the</c><01:10:00.239><c> lander</c>

01:10:01.270 --> 01:10:01.280 align:start position:0%
they drove up spirals around the lander
 

01:10:01.280 --> 01:10:03.189 align:start position:0%
they drove up spirals around the lander
and<01:10:01.440><c> in</c><01:10:01.520><c> the</c><01:10:01.600><c> last</c><01:10:01.920><c> mission</c><01:10:02.239><c> they</c><01:10:03.040><c> they</c>

01:10:03.189 --> 01:10:03.199 align:start position:0%
and in the last mission they they
 

01:10:03.199 --> 01:10:04.709 align:start position:0%
and in the last mission they they
allowed<01:10:03.440><c> it</c><01:10:03.520><c> to</c><01:10:03.600><c> get</c><01:10:03.760><c> up</c><01:10:03.840><c> to</c><01:10:04.000><c> 10</c><01:10:04.239><c> kilometers</c>

01:10:04.709 --> 01:10:04.719 align:start position:0%
allowed it to get up to 10 kilometers
 

01:10:04.719 --> 01:10:06.070 align:start position:0%
allowed it to get up to 10 kilometers
away<01:10:05.040><c> because</c><01:10:05.280><c> it</c><01:10:05.360><c> said</c><01:10:05.520><c> that</c><01:10:05.679><c> was</c><01:10:05.920><c> pretty</c>

01:10:06.070 --> 01:10:06.080 align:start position:0%
away because it said that was pretty
 

01:10:06.080 --> 01:10:06.950 align:start position:0%
away because it said that was pretty
much

01:10:06.950 --> 01:10:06.960 align:start position:0%
much
 

01:10:06.960 --> 01:10:09.510 align:start position:0%
much
furthest<01:10:07.440><c> they</c><01:10:07.600><c> could</c><01:10:07.840><c> run</c><01:10:08.880><c> before</c><01:10:09.199><c> they</c><01:10:09.360><c> ran</c>

01:10:09.510 --> 01:10:09.520 align:start position:0%
furthest they could run before they ran
 

01:10:09.520 --> 01:10:12.390 align:start position:0%
furthest they could run before they ran
out<01:10:09.679><c> of</c><01:10:09.840><c> oxygen</c>

01:10:12.390 --> 01:10:12.400 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:10:12.400 --> 01:10:13.590 align:start position:0%
 
and<01:10:12.560><c> they</c><01:10:12.719><c> started</c><01:10:13.120><c> out</c><01:10:13.199><c> there</c><01:10:13.360><c> and</c><01:10:13.440><c> they</c>

01:10:13.590 --> 01:10:13.600 align:start position:0%
and they started out there and they
 

01:10:13.600 --> 01:10:15.830 align:start position:0%
and they started out there and they
worked<01:10:13.840><c> their</c><01:10:13.920><c> way</c><01:10:14.159><c> back</c><01:10:15.280><c> so</c><01:10:15.440><c> it</c><01:10:15.520><c> was</c><01:10:15.679><c> all</c>

01:10:15.830 --> 01:10:15.840 align:start position:0%
worked their way back so it was all
 

01:10:15.840 --> 01:10:17.270 align:start position:0%
worked their way back so it was all
about<01:10:16.159><c> getting</c>

01:10:17.270 --> 01:10:17.280 align:start position:0%
about getting
 

01:10:17.280 --> 01:10:19.189 align:start position:0%
about getting
the<01:10:17.679><c> crew</c><01:10:18.000><c> back</c><01:10:18.239><c> to</c><01:10:18.400><c> the</c><01:10:18.480><c> lander</c><01:10:18.880><c> so</c><01:10:19.040><c> they</c>

01:10:19.189 --> 01:10:19.199 align:start position:0%
the crew back to the lander so they
 

01:10:19.199 --> 01:10:21.030 align:start position:0%
the crew back to the lander so they
could<01:10:19.360><c> return</c><01:10:19.679><c> to</c><01:10:19.840><c> earth</c>

01:10:21.030 --> 01:10:21.040 align:start position:0%
could return to earth
 

01:10:21.040 --> 01:10:22.550 align:start position:0%
could return to earth
so<01:10:21.199><c> i</c><01:10:21.280><c> said</c><01:10:21.440><c> okay</c><01:10:21.679><c> that's</c><01:10:21.920><c> the</c><01:10:22.000><c> job</c><01:10:22.320><c> we're</c>

01:10:22.550 --> 01:10:22.560 align:start position:0%
so i said okay that's the job we're
 

01:10:22.560 --> 01:10:24.390 align:start position:0%
so i said okay that's the job we're
going<01:10:22.640><c> to</c><01:10:22.719><c> design</c><01:10:22.960><c> a</c><01:10:23.120><c> rover</c>

01:10:24.390 --> 01:10:24.400 align:start position:0%
going to design a rover
 

01:10:24.400 --> 01:10:27.510 align:start position:0%
going to design a rover
that<01:10:25.040><c> no</c><01:10:25.199><c> matter</c><01:10:25.520><c> what</c><01:10:26.640><c> we'll</c><01:10:26.800><c> get</c><01:10:26.960><c> the</c><01:10:27.120><c> humans</c>

01:10:27.510 --> 01:10:27.520 align:start position:0%
that no matter what we'll get the humans
 

01:10:27.520 --> 01:10:29.990 align:start position:0%
that no matter what we'll get the humans
back<01:10:27.760><c> to</c><01:10:27.840><c> the</c><01:10:28.840><c> lander</c>

01:10:29.990 --> 01:10:30.000 align:start position:0%
back to the lander
 

01:10:30.000 --> 01:10:32.709 align:start position:0%
back to the lander
absolutely<01:10:30.560><c> count</c><01:10:30.800><c> on</c><01:10:31.040><c> it</c><01:10:32.239><c> and</c><01:10:32.400><c> that</c><01:10:32.560><c> way</c>

01:10:32.709 --> 01:10:32.719 align:start position:0%
absolutely count on it and that way
 

01:10:32.719 --> 01:10:33.350 align:start position:0%
absolutely count on it and that way
we'll

01:10:33.350 --> 01:10:33.360 align:start position:0%
we'll
 

01:10:33.360 --> 01:10:36.070 align:start position:0%
we'll
trust<01:10:34.239><c> that</c><01:10:34.480><c> we</c><01:10:34.560><c> can</c><01:10:34.719><c> drive</c><01:10:34.960><c> further</c><01:10:35.840><c> than</c><01:10:36.000><c> we</c>

01:10:36.070 --> 01:10:36.080 align:start position:0%
trust that we can drive further than we
 

01:10:36.080 --> 01:10:38.390 align:start position:0%
trust that we can drive further than we
can<01:10:36.320><c> walk</c>

01:10:38.390 --> 01:10:38.400 align:start position:0%
can walk
 

01:10:38.400 --> 01:10:40.229 align:start position:0%
can walk
and<01:10:38.560><c> that's</c><01:10:39.040><c> what</c><01:10:39.199><c> we</c><01:10:39.360><c> did</c><01:10:39.520><c> we</c><01:10:39.679><c> built</c><01:10:40.000><c> an</c>

01:10:40.229 --> 01:10:40.239 align:start position:0%
and that's what we did we built an
 

01:10:40.239 --> 01:10:42.149 align:start position:0%
and that's what we did we built an
incredible<01:10:40.719><c> machine</c>

01:10:42.149 --> 01:10:42.159 align:start position:0%
incredible machine
 

01:10:42.159 --> 01:10:45.430 align:start position:0%
incredible machine
it's<01:10:42.400><c> a</c><01:10:43.440><c> rover</c><01:10:43.840><c> called</c><01:10:44.080><c> chariot</c><01:10:45.120><c> that</c><01:10:45.280><c> we</c>

01:10:45.430 --> 01:10:45.440 align:start position:0%
it's a rover called chariot that we
 

01:10:45.440 --> 01:10:46.709 align:start position:0%
it's a rover called chariot that we
built

01:10:46.709 --> 01:10:46.719 align:start position:0%
built
 

01:10:46.719 --> 01:10:49.990 align:start position:0%
built
in<01:10:47.360><c> 2007</c><01:10:49.600><c> and</c>

01:10:49.990 --> 01:10:50.000 align:start position:0%
in 2007 and
 

01:10:50.000 --> 01:10:53.270 align:start position:0%
in 2007 and
it<01:10:50.159><c> is</c><01:10:50.320><c> the</c><01:10:50.560><c> ultimate</c><01:10:50.960><c> off-road</c><01:10:51.440><c> vehicle</c>

01:10:53.270 --> 01:10:53.280 align:start position:0%
it is the ultimate off-road vehicle
 

01:10:53.280 --> 01:10:55.590 align:start position:0%
it is the ultimate off-road vehicle
and<01:10:53.600><c> the</c><01:10:53.920><c> people</c><01:10:54.159><c> that</c><01:10:54.320><c> told</c><01:10:54.560><c> me</c><01:10:54.719><c> that</c><01:10:55.360><c> were</c>

01:10:55.590 --> 01:10:55.600 align:start position:0%
and the people that told me that were
 

01:10:55.600 --> 01:10:57.350 align:start position:0%
and the people that told me that were
the<01:10:55.679><c> people</c><01:10:55.920><c> that</c><01:10:56.080><c> built</c><01:10:56.320><c> the</c><01:10:56.400><c> hummer</c>

01:10:57.350 --> 01:10:57.360 align:start position:0%
the people that built the hummer
 

01:10:57.360 --> 01:10:59.189 align:start position:0%
the people that built the hummer
one<01:10:57.840><c> and</c><01:10:57.920><c> the</c><01:10:58.080><c> people</c><01:10:58.320><c> who</c><01:10:58.480><c> built</c><01:10:58.640><c> the</c><01:10:58.719><c> hummer</c>

01:10:59.189 --> 01:10:59.199 align:start position:0%
one and the people who built the hummer
 

01:10:59.199 --> 01:11:01.270 align:start position:0%
one and the people who built the hummer
two<01:10:59.360><c> and</c><01:10:59.440><c> three</c><01:11:00.320><c> when</c><01:11:00.480><c> they</c><01:11:00.640><c> test</c><01:11:00.880><c> drove</c><01:11:01.199><c> it</c>

01:11:01.270 --> 01:11:01.280 align:start position:0%
two and three when they test drove it
 

01:11:01.280 --> 01:11:01.990 align:start position:0%
two and three when they test drove it
they<01:11:01.360><c> said</c><01:11:01.600><c> you</c><01:11:01.679><c> know</c>

01:11:01.990 --> 01:11:02.000 align:start position:0%
they said you know
 

01:11:02.000 --> 01:11:04.310 align:start position:0%
they said you know
this<01:11:02.159><c> is</c><01:11:02.239><c> the</c><01:11:02.400><c> ultimate</c><01:11:02.719><c> off-road</c><01:11:03.120><c> machine</c>

01:11:04.310 --> 01:11:04.320 align:start position:0%
this is the ultimate off-road machine
 

01:11:04.320 --> 01:11:05.030 align:start position:0%
this is the ultimate off-road machine
and<01:11:04.480><c> it</c><01:11:04.640><c> is</c>

01:11:05.030 --> 01:11:05.040 align:start position:0%
and it is
 

01:11:05.040 --> 01:11:08.070 align:start position:0%
and it is
it<01:11:05.520><c> uh</c><01:11:05.840><c> it's</c><01:11:06.000><c> designed</c><01:11:06.400><c> to</c><01:11:06.480><c> carry</c>

01:11:08.070 --> 01:11:08.080 align:start position:0%
it uh it's designed to carry
 

01:11:08.080 --> 01:11:11.270 align:start position:0%
it uh it's designed to carry
two<01:11:08.320><c> astronauts</c><01:11:09.760><c> and</c><01:11:10.080><c> live</c><01:11:10.320><c> in</c><01:11:10.480><c> it</c>

01:11:11.270 --> 01:11:11.280 align:start position:0%
two astronauts and live in it
 

01:11:11.280 --> 01:11:15.430 align:start position:0%
two astronauts and live in it
for<01:11:11.440><c> a</c><01:11:12.080><c> couple</c><01:11:12.320><c> weeks</c><01:11:13.040><c> maybe</c><01:11:13.600><c> even</c><01:11:14.159><c> four</c><01:11:14.320><c> weeks</c>

01:11:15.430 --> 01:11:15.440 align:start position:0%
for a couple weeks maybe even four weeks
 

01:11:15.440 --> 01:11:19.030 align:start position:0%
for a couple weeks maybe even four weeks
we've<01:11:15.679><c> only</c><01:11:15.920><c> tested</c><01:11:16.239><c> it</c><01:11:16.400><c> up</c><01:11:16.480><c> to</c><01:11:16.640><c> two</c>

01:11:19.030 --> 01:11:19.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:11:19.040 --> 01:11:20.950 align:start position:0%
 
and<01:11:19.280><c> it</c><01:11:19.360><c> can</c><01:11:19.520><c> basically</c><01:11:19.920><c> drive</c><01:11:20.239><c> anywhere</c><01:11:20.719><c> it's</c>

01:11:20.950 --> 01:11:20.960 align:start position:0%
and it can basically drive anywhere it's
 

01:11:20.960 --> 01:11:23.030 align:start position:0%
and it can basically drive anywhere it's
just<01:11:21.199><c> an</c><01:11:21.280><c> incredible</c>

01:11:23.030 --> 01:11:23.040 align:start position:0%
just an incredible
 

01:11:23.040 --> 01:11:26.790 align:start position:0%
just an incredible
beast<01:11:24.320><c> uh</c><01:11:24.800><c> 12-wheel</c><01:11:25.360><c> drive</c>

01:11:26.790 --> 01:11:26.800 align:start position:0%
beast uh 12-wheel drive
 

01:11:26.800 --> 01:11:30.709 align:start position:0%
beast uh 12-wheel drive
on<01:11:27.040><c> six</c><01:11:27.360><c> legs</c><01:11:28.640><c> active</c><01:11:28.960><c> suspension</c>

01:11:30.709 --> 01:11:30.719 align:start position:0%
on six legs active suspension
 

01:11:30.719 --> 01:11:34.310 align:start position:0%
on six legs active suspension
you<01:11:30.800><c> can</c><01:11:31.360><c> turn</c><01:11:31.600><c> on</c><01:11:31.760><c> a</c><01:11:31.840><c> dime</c><01:11:32.719><c> drive</c><01:11:33.040><c> sideways</c>

01:11:34.310 --> 01:11:34.320 align:start position:0%
you can turn on a dime drive sideways
 

01:11:34.320 --> 01:11:37.590 align:start position:0%
you can turn on a dime drive sideways
any<01:11:34.560><c> direction</c><01:11:36.560><c> you</c><01:11:36.640><c> can</c><01:11:36.800><c> dock</c><01:11:37.120><c> it's</c><01:11:37.280><c> got</c><01:11:37.440><c> a</c>

01:11:37.590 --> 01:11:37.600 align:start position:0%
any direction you can dock it's got a
 

01:11:37.600 --> 01:11:39.270 align:start position:0%
any direction you can dock it's got a
pressurized<01:11:38.159><c> cabin</c>

01:11:39.270 --> 01:11:39.280 align:start position:0%
pressurized cabin
 

01:11:39.280 --> 01:11:41.990 align:start position:0%
pressurized cabin
so<01:11:39.440><c> you</c><01:11:39.679><c> drive</c><01:11:39.920><c> it</c><01:11:40.080><c> in</c><01:11:40.239><c> shirt</c><01:11:40.480><c> sleeves</c><01:11:41.840><c> you</c>

01:11:41.990 --> 01:11:42.000 align:start position:0%
so you drive it in shirt sleeves you
 

01:11:42.000 --> 01:11:43.189 align:start position:0%
so you drive it in shirt sleeves you
don't<01:11:42.159><c> have</c><01:11:42.239><c> to</c><01:11:42.320><c> be</c><01:11:42.480><c> in</c><01:11:42.560><c> a</c><01:11:42.640><c> suit</c><01:11:42.880><c> the</c><01:11:43.040><c> whole</c>

01:11:43.189 --> 01:11:43.199 align:start position:0%
don't have to be in a suit the whole
 

01:11:43.199 --> 01:11:44.630 align:start position:0%
don't have to be in a suit the whole
time

01:11:44.630 --> 01:11:44.640 align:start position:0%
time
 

01:11:44.640 --> 01:11:48.149 align:start position:0%
time
and<01:11:44.880><c> we</c><01:11:45.360><c> we</c><01:11:45.520><c> test</c><01:11:46.480><c> tested</c><01:11:46.880><c> it</c><01:11:47.440><c> we</c><01:11:47.600><c> built</c><01:11:47.840><c> two</c><01:11:48.000><c> of</c>

01:11:48.149 --> 01:11:48.159 align:start position:0%
and we we test tested it we built two of
 

01:11:48.159 --> 01:11:48.630 align:start position:0%
and we we test tested it we built two of
them<01:11:48.320><c> now</c>

01:11:48.630 --> 01:11:48.640 align:start position:0%
them now
 

01:11:48.640 --> 01:11:50.870 align:start position:0%
them now
chariot<01:11:48.960><c> 1a</c><01:11:49.280><c> and</c><01:11:49.360><c> 1b</c><01:11:50.320><c> so</c><01:11:50.480><c> you</c><01:11:50.560><c> know</c><01:11:50.640><c> where</c><01:11:50.800><c> i'm</c>

01:11:50.870 --> 01:11:50.880 align:start position:0%
chariot 1a and 1b so you know where i'm
 

01:11:50.880 --> 01:11:53.750 align:start position:0%
chariot 1a and 1b so you know where i'm
going<01:11:51.120><c> with</c><01:11:51.280><c> that</c>

01:11:53.750 --> 01:11:53.760 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:11:53.760 --> 01:11:56.229 align:start position:0%
 
we<01:11:54.480><c> had</c><01:11:54.719><c> crew</c><01:11:55.040><c> in</c><01:11:55.199><c> it</c><01:11:55.280><c> for</c><01:11:55.440><c> 14</c><01:11:55.760><c> days</c><01:11:56.000><c> two</c>

01:11:56.229 --> 01:11:56.239 align:start position:0%
we had crew in it for 14 days two
 

01:11:56.239 --> 01:11:56.950 align:start position:0%
we had crew in it for 14 days two
astronauts

01:11:56.950 --> 01:11:56.960 align:start position:0%
astronauts
 

01:11:56.960 --> 01:11:59.910 align:start position:0%
astronauts
in<01:11:57.120><c> each</c><01:11:57.360><c> of</c><01:11:57.440><c> two</c><01:11:57.679><c> of</c><01:11:57.840><c> them</c><01:11:58.960><c> and</c><01:11:59.280><c> last</c><01:11:59.520><c> year</c><01:11:59.760><c> we</c>

01:11:59.910 --> 01:11:59.920 align:start position:0%
in each of two of them and last year we
 

01:11:59.920 --> 01:12:00.870 align:start position:0%
in each of two of them and last year we
drove

01:12:00.870 --> 01:12:00.880 align:start position:0%
drove
 

01:12:00.880 --> 01:12:03.189 align:start position:0%
drove
we<01:12:01.040><c> did</c><01:12:01.280><c> a</c><01:12:01.440><c> we</c><01:12:01.600><c> emulated</c><01:12:02.159><c> a</c><01:12:02.480><c> long</c><01:12:02.719><c> mission</c><01:12:03.040><c> on</c>

01:12:03.189 --> 01:12:03.199 align:start position:0%
we did a we emulated a long mission on
 

01:12:03.199 --> 01:12:04.709 align:start position:0%
we did a we emulated a long mission on
the<01:12:03.280><c> moon</c>

01:12:04.709 --> 01:12:04.719 align:start position:0%
the moon
 

01:12:04.719 --> 01:12:07.030 align:start position:0%
the moon
driving<01:12:05.040><c> in</c><01:12:05.199><c> the</c><01:12:05.280><c> volcanic</c><01:12:05.920><c> region</c><01:12:06.239><c> of</c>

01:12:07.030 --> 01:12:07.040 align:start position:0%
driving in the volcanic region of
 

01:12:07.040 --> 01:12:08.870 align:start position:0%
driving in the volcanic region of
northern<01:12:07.360><c> arizona</c>

01:12:08.870 --> 01:12:08.880 align:start position:0%
northern arizona
 

01:12:08.880 --> 01:12:11.750 align:start position:0%
northern arizona
and<01:12:09.040><c> we</c><01:12:09.360><c> aged</c><01:12:09.840><c> about</c><01:12:10.320><c> 200</c><01:12:10.719><c> kilometers</c><01:12:11.360><c> driving</c>

01:12:11.750 --> 01:12:11.760 align:start position:0%
and we aged about 200 kilometers driving
 

01:12:11.760 --> 01:12:13.030 align:start position:0%
and we aged about 200 kilometers driving
together

01:12:13.030 --> 01:12:13.040 align:start position:0%
together
 

01:12:13.040 --> 01:12:16.229 align:start position:0%
together
and<01:12:13.280><c> they</c><01:12:13.440><c> were</c><01:12:13.760><c> we</c><01:12:14.000><c> tested</c><01:12:14.320><c> them</c><01:12:14.480><c> by</c><01:12:15.840><c> having</c><01:12:16.159><c> a</c>

01:12:16.229 --> 01:12:16.239 align:start position:0%
and they were we tested them by having a
 

01:12:16.239 --> 01:12:18.149 align:start position:0%
and they were we tested them by having a
science<01:12:16.640><c> team</c><01:12:16.960><c> that</c>

01:12:18.149 --> 01:12:18.159 align:start position:0%
science team that
 

01:12:18.159 --> 01:12:19.990 align:start position:0%
science team that
only<01:12:18.400><c> had</c><01:12:18.560><c> overhead</c><01:12:18.960><c> imagery</c><01:12:19.679><c> but</c><01:12:19.840><c> they</c>

01:12:19.990 --> 01:12:20.000 align:start position:0%
only had overhead imagery but they
 

01:12:20.000 --> 01:12:21.350 align:start position:0%
only had overhead imagery but they
didn't<01:12:20.239><c> know</c><01:12:20.400><c> what</c><01:12:20.640><c> had</c><01:12:20.800><c> happened</c><01:12:21.120><c> in</c><01:12:21.199><c> that</c>

01:12:21.350 --> 01:12:21.360 align:start position:0%
didn't know what had happened in that
 

01:12:21.360 --> 01:12:23.110 align:start position:0%
didn't know what had happened in that
valley<01:12:21.920><c> and</c><01:12:22.080><c> so</c><01:12:22.239><c> the</c><01:12:22.320><c> science</c><01:12:22.640><c> team</c><01:12:22.880><c> had</c><01:12:22.960><c> to</c>

01:12:23.110 --> 01:12:23.120 align:start position:0%
valley and so the science team had to
 

01:12:23.120 --> 01:12:24.310 align:start position:0%
valley and so the science team had to
figure<01:12:23.440><c> out</c>

01:12:24.310 --> 01:12:24.320 align:start position:0%
figure out
 

01:12:24.320 --> 01:12:26.070 align:start position:0%
figure out
what<01:12:24.480><c> were</c><01:12:24.719><c> the</c><01:12:24.880><c> sequence</c><01:12:25.280><c> of</c><01:12:25.440><c> events</c><01:12:25.840><c> that</c>

01:12:26.070 --> 01:12:26.080 align:start position:0%
what were the sequence of events that
 

01:12:26.080 --> 01:12:28.149 align:start position:0%
what were the sequence of events that
occurred<01:12:26.640><c> geologically</c><01:12:27.280><c> in</c><01:12:27.440><c> the</c><01:12:27.520><c> valley</c>

01:12:28.149 --> 01:12:28.159 align:start position:0%
occurred geologically in the valley
 

01:12:28.159 --> 01:12:29.590 align:start position:0%
occurred geologically in the valley
so<01:12:28.320><c> they</c><01:12:28.480><c> used</c><01:12:28.640><c> the</c><01:12:28.800><c> astronauts</c><01:12:29.440><c> and</c><01:12:29.520><c> the</c>

01:12:29.590 --> 01:12:29.600 align:start position:0%
so they used the astronauts and the
 

01:12:29.600 --> 01:12:33.669 align:start position:0%
so they used the astronauts and the
robots<01:12:30.719><c> to</c><01:12:30.880><c> go</c><01:12:31.120><c> explore</c>

01:12:33.669 --> 01:12:33.679 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:12:33.679 --> 01:12:35.830 align:start position:0%
 
and<01:12:33.840><c> there</c><01:12:34.000><c> was</c><01:12:34.159><c> a</c><01:12:34.800><c> ground</c><01:12:35.120><c> science</c><01:12:35.440><c> team</c><01:12:35.679><c> that</c>

01:12:35.830 --> 01:12:35.840 align:start position:0%
and there was a ground science team that
 

01:12:35.840 --> 01:12:37.750 align:start position:0%
and there was a ground science team that
had<01:12:35.920><c> done</c><01:12:36.080><c> their</c><01:12:36.239><c> phd</c><01:12:36.719><c> on</c><01:12:36.880><c> that</c><01:12:37.040><c> valley</c><01:12:37.440><c> knew</c>

01:12:37.750 --> 01:12:37.760 align:start position:0%
had done their phd on that valley knew
 

01:12:37.760 --> 01:12:39.510 align:start position:0%
had done their phd on that valley knew
everything<01:12:38.159><c> about</c><01:12:38.400><c> that</c><01:12:38.560><c> valley</c><01:12:39.120><c> and</c><01:12:39.199><c> they</c>

01:12:39.510 --> 01:12:39.520 align:start position:0%
everything about that valley and they
 

01:12:39.520 --> 01:12:42.149 align:start position:0%
everything about that valley and they
kind<01:12:39.679><c> of</c><01:12:39.760><c> graded</c><01:12:40.159><c> the</c><01:12:40.640><c> remote</c><01:12:41.040><c> science</c><01:12:41.360><c> team</c>

01:12:42.149 --> 01:12:42.159 align:start position:0%
kind of graded the remote science team
 

01:12:42.159 --> 01:12:43.590 align:start position:0%
kind of graded the remote science team
so<01:12:42.400><c> we</c><01:12:42.480><c> wanted</c><01:12:42.640><c> to</c><01:12:42.719><c> see</c><01:12:42.880><c> how</c><01:12:43.040><c> effective</c><01:12:43.440><c> they</c>

01:12:43.590 --> 01:12:43.600 align:start position:0%
so we wanted to see how effective they
 

01:12:43.600 --> 01:12:45.669 align:start position:0%
so we wanted to see how effective they
were<01:12:43.840><c> at</c><01:12:44.000><c> exploring</c><01:12:44.800><c> and</c><01:12:45.120><c> using</c>

01:12:45.669 --> 01:12:45.679 align:start position:0%
were at exploring and using
 

01:12:45.679 --> 01:12:48.790 align:start position:0%
were at exploring and using
this<01:12:46.239><c> rover</c><01:12:47.040><c> pair</c><01:12:47.199><c> of</c><01:12:47.360><c> rubbers</c><01:12:48.480><c> totally</c>

01:12:48.790 --> 01:12:48.800 align:start position:0%
this rover pair of rubbers totally
 

01:12:48.800 --> 01:12:49.990 align:start position:0%
this rover pair of rubbers totally
redundant<01:12:49.360><c> sign</c>

01:12:49.990 --> 01:12:50.000 align:start position:0%
redundant sign
 

01:12:50.000 --> 01:12:52.870 align:start position:0%
redundant sign
uh<01:12:50.320><c> it's</c><01:12:50.480><c> got</c><01:12:50.640><c> redundant</c><01:12:51.040><c> drive</c><01:12:51.840><c> in</c><01:12:52.000><c> each</c><01:12:52.320><c> leg</c>

01:12:52.870 --> 01:12:52.880 align:start position:0%
uh it's got redundant drive in each leg
 

01:12:52.880 --> 01:12:53.189 align:start position:0%
uh it's got redundant drive in each leg
uh

01:12:53.189 --> 01:12:53.199 align:start position:0%
uh
 

01:12:53.199 --> 01:12:56.390 align:start position:0%
uh
down<01:12:53.360><c> the</c><01:12:53.440><c> steering</c><01:12:54.480><c> redundant</c><01:12:55.199><c> suspension</c>

01:12:56.390 --> 01:12:56.400 align:start position:0%
down the steering redundant suspension
 

01:12:56.400 --> 01:12:57.910 align:start position:0%
down the steering redundant suspension
and<01:12:56.560><c> it's</c><01:12:56.719><c> designed</c><01:12:57.040><c> to</c><01:12:57.360><c> do</c><01:12:57.520><c> everything</c><01:12:57.840><c> it</c>

01:12:57.910 --> 01:12:57.920 align:start position:0%
and it's designed to do everything it
 

01:12:57.920 --> 01:13:00.470 align:start position:0%
and it's designed to do everything it
needs<01:12:58.159><c> to</c><01:12:58.159><c> do</c><01:12:58.320><c> on</c><01:12:58.400><c> five</c><01:12:58.640><c> out</c><01:12:58.719><c> of</c><01:12:58.880><c> six</c><01:12:59.120><c> legs</c>

01:13:00.470 --> 01:13:00.480 align:start position:0%
needs to do on five out of six legs
 

01:13:00.480 --> 01:13:04.390 align:start position:0%
needs to do on five out of six legs
if<01:13:00.719><c> one</c><01:13:00.960><c> leg</c><01:13:01.120><c> completely</c><01:13:02.239><c> breaks</c>

01:13:04.390 --> 01:13:04.400 align:start position:0%
if one leg completely breaks
 

01:13:04.400 --> 01:13:07.350 align:start position:0%
if one leg completely breaks
and<01:13:04.560><c> lift</c><01:13:04.800><c> that</c><01:13:05.040><c> paw</c><01:13:05.920><c> and</c><01:13:06.080><c> keep</c><01:13:06.239><c> driving</c><01:13:07.199><c> so</c><01:13:07.360><c> it</c>

01:13:07.350 --> 01:13:07.360 align:start position:0%
and lift that paw and keep driving so it
 

01:13:07.360 --> 01:13:08.630 align:start position:0%
and lift that paw and keep driving so it
doesn't<01:13:07.679><c> drag</c>

01:13:08.630 --> 01:13:08.640 align:start position:0%
doesn't drag
 

01:13:08.640 --> 01:13:12.310 align:start position:0%
doesn't drag
the<01:13:08.800><c> leg</c><01:13:10.239><c> and</c><01:13:10.320><c> then</c><01:13:11.440><c> absolutely</c><01:13:11.920><c> everything</c>

01:13:12.310 --> 01:13:12.320 align:start position:0%
the leg and then absolutely everything
 

01:13:12.320 --> 01:13:13.910 align:start position:0%
the leg and then absolutely everything
goes<01:13:12.560><c> wrong</c>

01:13:13.910 --> 01:13:13.920 align:start position:0%
goes wrong
 

01:13:13.920 --> 01:13:16.630 align:start position:0%
goes wrong
we<01:13:14.080><c> have</c><01:13:14.239><c> two</c><01:13:14.480><c> of</c><01:13:14.640><c> them</c><01:13:15.120><c> and</c><01:13:15.280><c> we</c><01:13:16.000><c> showed</c><01:13:16.400><c> that</c>

01:13:16.630 --> 01:13:16.640 align:start position:0%
we have two of them and we showed that
 

01:13:16.640 --> 01:13:18.550 align:start position:0%
we have two of them and we showed that
in<01:13:16.800><c> an</c><01:13:16.960><c> emergency</c><01:13:17.440><c> all</c><01:13:17.600><c> four</c><01:13:17.920><c> could</c>

01:13:18.550 --> 01:13:18.560 align:start position:0%
in an emergency all four could
 

01:13:18.560 --> 01:13:20.870 align:start position:0%
in an emergency all four could
climb<01:13:18.880><c> into</c><01:13:19.120><c> one</c><01:13:19.280><c> of</c><01:13:19.360><c> the</c><01:13:19.520><c> rovers</c><01:13:20.400><c> and</c><01:13:20.640><c> spend</c>

01:13:20.870 --> 01:13:20.880 align:start position:0%
climb into one of the rovers and spend
 

01:13:20.880 --> 01:13:23.990 align:start position:0%
climb into one of the rovers and spend
the<01:13:21.040><c> night</c><01:13:21.440><c> driving</c><01:13:21.840><c> back</c><01:13:22.080><c> to</c><01:13:22.159><c> the</c><01:13:22.320><c> lander</c>

01:13:23.990 --> 01:13:24.000 align:start position:0%
the night driving back to the lander
 

01:13:24.000 --> 01:13:25.590 align:start position:0%
the night driving back to the lander
so<01:13:24.159><c> that's</c><01:13:24.400><c> the</c><01:13:24.480><c> way</c><01:13:24.640><c> to</c><01:13:24.800><c> trust</c><01:13:25.040><c> you</c><01:13:25.280><c> build</c><01:13:25.520><c> a</c>

01:13:25.590 --> 01:13:25.600 align:start position:0%
so that's the way to trust you build a
 

01:13:25.600 --> 01:13:27.590 align:start position:0%
so that's the way to trust you build a
completely<01:13:26.080><c> redundant</c><01:13:26.800><c> very</c><01:13:27.120><c> capable</c>

01:13:27.590 --> 01:13:27.600 align:start position:0%
completely redundant very capable
 

01:13:27.600 --> 01:13:28.630 align:start position:0%
completely redundant very capable
machine

01:13:28.630 --> 01:13:28.640 align:start position:0%
machine
 

01:13:28.640 --> 01:13:30.950 align:start position:0%
machine
put<01:13:28.880><c> everything</c><01:13:29.199><c> into</c><01:13:29.600><c> making</c><01:13:30.000><c> it</c><01:13:30.640><c> able</c><01:13:30.800><c> to</c>

01:13:30.950 --> 01:13:30.960 align:start position:0%
put everything into making it able to
 

01:13:30.960 --> 01:13:32.390 align:start position:0%
put everything into making it able to
survive<01:13:31.360><c> failures</c><01:13:31.920><c> and</c><01:13:32.000><c> then</c><01:13:32.080><c> you</c><01:13:32.239><c> build</c>

01:13:32.390 --> 01:13:32.400 align:start position:0%
survive failures and then you build
 

01:13:32.400 --> 01:13:33.830 align:start position:0%
survive failures and then you build
another<01:13:32.719><c> one</c><01:13:32.960><c> too</c>

01:13:33.830 --> 01:13:33.840 align:start position:0%
another one too
 

01:13:33.840 --> 01:13:36.709 align:start position:0%
another one too
and<01:13:34.000><c> that's</c><01:13:34.159><c> what</c><01:13:34.320><c> you</c><01:13:34.480><c> send</c><01:13:34.640><c> to</c><01:13:34.719><c> the</c><01:13:34.800><c> moon</c><01:13:36.560><c> and</c>

01:13:36.709 --> 01:13:36.719 align:start position:0%
and that's what you send to the moon and
 

01:13:36.719 --> 01:13:38.950 align:start position:0%
and that's what you send to the moon and
the<01:13:36.880><c> idea</c><01:13:37.199><c> was</c><01:13:37.440><c> they</c><01:13:37.600><c> would</c><01:13:37.760><c> stay</c><01:13:38.000><c> on</c><01:13:38.159><c> the</c><01:13:38.239><c> moon</c>

01:13:38.950 --> 01:13:38.960 align:start position:0%
the idea was they would stay on the moon
 

01:13:38.960 --> 01:13:42.310 align:start position:0%
the idea was they would stay on the moon
and<01:13:39.040><c> the</c><01:13:39.199><c> crew</c><01:13:40.480><c> would</c><01:13:40.880><c> use</c><01:13:41.199><c> them</c><01:13:41.920><c> they</c><01:13:42.080><c> would</c>

01:13:42.310 --> 01:13:42.320 align:start position:0%
and the crew would use them they would
 

01:13:42.320 --> 01:13:43.910 align:start position:0%
and the crew would use them they would
land

01:13:43.910 --> 01:13:43.920 align:start position:0%
land
 

01:13:43.920 --> 01:13:46.950 align:start position:0%
land
the<01:13:44.080><c> rovers</c><01:13:44.400><c> would</c><01:13:44.560><c> drive</c><01:13:44.800><c> up</c><01:13:45.040><c> like</c><01:13:45.520><c> valet</c>

01:13:46.950 --> 01:13:46.960 align:start position:0%
the rovers would drive up like valet
 

01:13:46.960 --> 01:13:49.110 align:start position:0%
the rovers would drive up like valet
uh<01:13:47.920><c> they</c><01:13:48.080><c> would</c><01:13:48.239><c> use</c><01:13:48.480><c> them</c><01:13:48.560><c> for</c><01:13:48.719><c> a</c><01:13:48.800><c> couple</c>

01:13:49.110 --> 01:13:49.120 align:start position:0%
uh they would use them for a couple
 

01:13:49.120 --> 01:13:50.390 align:start position:0%
uh they would use them for a couple
weeks<01:13:49.760><c> maybe</c>

01:13:50.390 --> 01:13:50.400 align:start position:0%
weeks maybe
 

01:13:50.400 --> 01:13:52.870 align:start position:0%
weeks maybe
a<01:13:50.560><c> month</c><01:13:51.600><c> and</c><01:13:51.760><c> then</c><01:13:51.840><c> they</c><01:13:52.000><c> would</c><01:13:52.159><c> go</c><01:13:52.480><c> home</c><01:13:52.719><c> to</c>

01:13:52.870 --> 01:13:52.880 align:start position:0%
a month and then they would go home to
 

01:13:52.880 --> 01:13:53.669 align:start position:0%
a month and then they would go home to
earth

01:13:53.669 --> 01:13:53.679 align:start position:0%
earth
 

01:13:53.679 --> 01:13:55.430 align:start position:0%
earth
and<01:13:53.840><c> the</c><01:13:53.920><c> rovers</c><01:13:54.320><c> would</c><01:13:54.480><c> drive</c><01:13:55.040><c> to</c><01:13:55.199><c> a</c><01:13:55.280><c> new</c>

01:13:55.430 --> 01:13:55.440 align:start position:0%
and the rovers would drive to a new
 

01:13:55.440 --> 01:13:56.709 align:start position:0%
and the rovers would drive to a new
valley

01:13:56.709 --> 01:13:56.719 align:start position:0%
valley
 

01:13:56.719 --> 01:13:59.350 align:start position:0%
valley
and<01:13:56.880><c> wait</c><01:13:57.120><c> for</c><01:13:57.199><c> the</c><01:13:57.280><c> next</c><01:13:57.600><c> crew</c><01:13:58.080><c> to</c><01:13:58.239><c> come</c><01:13:59.280><c> and</c>

01:13:59.350 --> 01:13:59.360 align:start position:0%
and wait for the next crew to come and
 

01:13:59.360 --> 01:14:01.430 align:start position:0%
and wait for the next crew to come and
then<01:13:59.520><c> explore</c><01:13:59.920><c> that</c><01:14:00.159><c> valley</c>

01:14:01.430 --> 01:14:01.440 align:start position:0%
then explore that valley
 

01:14:01.440 --> 01:14:03.590 align:start position:0%
then explore that valley
and<01:14:01.760><c> kind</c><01:14:01.920><c> of</c><01:14:02.400><c> we</c><01:14:02.560><c> called</c><01:14:02.800><c> it</c><01:14:02.960><c> the</c><01:14:03.040><c> leapfrog</c>

01:14:03.590 --> 01:14:03.600 align:start position:0%
and kind of we called it the leapfrog
 

01:14:03.600 --> 01:14:05.189 align:start position:0%
and kind of we called it the leapfrog
exploration

01:14:05.189 --> 01:14:05.199 align:start position:0%
exploration
 

01:14:05.199 --> 01:14:06.790 align:start position:0%
exploration
where<01:14:05.360><c> the</c><01:14:05.760><c> you</c><01:14:05.920><c> know</c><01:14:06.000><c> it</c><01:14:06.080><c> might</c><01:14:06.320><c> take</c><01:14:06.560><c> six</c>

01:14:06.790 --> 01:14:06.800 align:start position:0%
where the you know it might take six
 

01:14:06.800 --> 01:14:08.630 align:start position:0%
where the you know it might take six
months<01:14:07.040><c> or</c><01:14:07.120><c> a</c><01:14:07.199><c> year</c><01:14:07.440><c> to</c><01:14:07.600><c> drive</c><01:14:07.920><c> robotically</c><01:14:08.480><c> to</c>

01:14:08.630 --> 01:14:08.640 align:start position:0%
months or a year to drive robotically to
 

01:14:08.640 --> 01:14:10.229 align:start position:0%
months or a year to drive robotically to
the<01:14:08.719><c> next</c><01:14:08.960><c> valley</c>

01:14:10.229 --> 01:14:10.239 align:start position:0%
the next valley
 

01:14:10.239 --> 01:14:11.669 align:start position:0%
the next valley
and<01:14:10.320><c> then</c><01:14:10.480><c> wait</c><01:14:10.719><c> for</c><01:14:10.880><c> the</c><01:14:10.960><c> next</c><01:14:11.360><c> set</c><01:14:11.520><c> of</c>

01:14:11.669 --> 01:14:11.679 align:start position:0%
and then wait for the next set of
 

01:14:11.679 --> 01:14:13.350 align:start position:0%
and then wait for the next set of
explorers<01:14:12.239><c> to</c><01:14:12.320><c> come</c><01:14:12.560><c> and</c>

01:14:13.350 --> 01:14:13.360 align:start position:0%
explorers to come and
 

01:14:13.360 --> 01:14:16.950 align:start position:0%
explorers to come and
explore<01:14:13.760><c> that</c><01:14:14.000><c> valley</c>

01:14:16.950 --> 01:14:16.960 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:14:16.960 --> 01:14:20.870 align:start position:0%
 
the<01:14:19.120><c> those</c><01:14:19.360><c> rovers</c><01:14:19.760><c> are</c><01:14:19.920><c> incredible</c>

01:14:20.870 --> 01:14:20.880 align:start position:0%
the those rovers are incredible
 

01:14:20.880 --> 01:14:24.709 align:start position:0%
the those rovers are incredible
and

01:14:24.709 --> 01:14:24.719 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:14:24.719 --> 01:14:27.350 align:start position:0%
 
we're<01:14:24.880><c> now</c><01:14:25.040><c> working</c><01:14:25.360><c> on</c><01:14:25.440><c> the</c><01:14:25.520><c> next</c><01:14:25.760><c> generation</c>

01:14:27.350 --> 01:14:27.360 align:start position:0%
we're now working on the next generation
 

01:14:27.360 --> 01:14:28.310 align:start position:0%
we're now working on the next generation
that

01:14:28.310 --> 01:14:28.320 align:start position:0%
that
 

01:14:28.320 --> 01:14:31.430 align:start position:0%
that
it's<01:14:28.480><c> going</c><01:14:28.640><c> to</c><01:14:28.719><c> be</c><01:14:28.800><c> even</c><01:14:29.040><c> better</c>

01:14:31.430 --> 01:14:31.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:14:31.440 --> 01:14:33.990 align:start position:0%
 
it's<01:14:31.679><c> really</c><01:14:32.400><c> i</c><01:14:32.880><c> joke</c><01:14:33.120><c> with</c><01:14:33.199><c> the</c><01:14:33.280><c> guys</c><01:14:33.840><c> if</c><01:14:33.920><c> you</c>

01:14:33.990 --> 01:14:34.000 align:start position:0%
it's really i joke with the guys if you
 

01:14:34.000 --> 01:14:35.830 align:start position:0%
it's really i joke with the guys if you
look<01:14:34.159><c> at</c><01:14:34.239><c> the</c><01:14:34.320><c> rover</c><01:14:34.719><c> designs</c><01:14:35.120><c> it's</c>

01:14:35.830 --> 01:14:35.840 align:start position:0%
look at the rover designs it's
 

01:14:35.840 --> 01:14:38.149 align:start position:0%
look at the rover designs it's
what<01:14:36.080><c> happens</c><01:14:36.480><c> if</c><01:14:36.640><c> you</c><01:14:36.800><c> ask</c><01:14:36.960><c> somebody</c><01:14:37.440><c> who</c>

01:14:38.149 --> 01:14:38.159 align:start position:0%
what happens if you ask somebody who
 

01:14:38.159 --> 01:14:41.270 align:start position:0%
what happens if you ask somebody who
designs<01:14:38.560><c> manipulators</c><01:14:39.360><c> to</c><01:14:39.520><c> design</c><01:14:39.920><c> rovers</c>

01:14:41.270 --> 01:14:41.280 align:start position:0%
designs manipulators to design rovers
 

01:14:41.280 --> 01:14:44.310 align:start position:0%
designs manipulators to design rovers
that<01:14:41.840><c> it's</c><01:14:42.159><c> got</c><01:14:42.400><c> legs</c><01:14:42.800><c> and</c><01:14:43.199><c> active</c><01:14:43.600><c> suspension</c>

01:14:44.310 --> 01:14:44.320 align:start position:0%
that it's got legs and active suspension
 

01:14:44.320 --> 01:14:47.030 align:start position:0%
that it's got legs and active suspension
and<01:14:45.040><c> the</c><01:14:45.199><c> body</c><01:14:45.520><c> can</c><01:14:46.080><c> control</c><01:14:46.480><c> where</c><01:14:46.719><c> it</c><01:14:46.800><c> needs</c>

01:14:47.030 --> 01:14:47.040 align:start position:0%
and the body can control where it needs
 

01:14:47.040 --> 01:14:48.229 align:start position:0%
and the body can control where it needs
to<01:14:47.199><c> go</c>

01:14:48.229 --> 01:14:48.239 align:start position:0%
to go
 

01:14:48.239 --> 01:14:51.430 align:start position:0%
to go
and<01:14:48.640><c> along</c><01:14:48.960><c> the</c><01:14:49.120><c> way</c>

01:14:51.430 --> 01:14:51.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:14:51.440 --> 01:14:53.430 align:start position:0%
 
we<01:14:51.600><c> brought</c><01:14:51.760><c> in</c><01:14:51.920><c> some</c><01:14:52.159><c> ideas</c><01:14:52.480><c> from</c><01:14:52.640><c> jpl</c><01:14:53.120><c> brian</c>

01:14:53.430 --> 01:14:53.440 align:start position:0%
we brought in some ideas from jpl brian
 

01:14:53.440 --> 01:14:54.950 align:start position:0%
we brought in some ideas from jpl brian
wilcox

01:14:54.950 --> 01:14:54.960 align:start position:0%
wilcox
 

01:14:54.960 --> 01:14:57.669 align:start position:0%
wilcox
totally<01:14:55.360><c> new</c><01:14:55.520><c> ideas</c><01:14:56.000><c> about</c><01:14:57.040><c> putting</c><01:14:57.360><c> wheels</c>

01:14:57.669 --> 01:14:57.679 align:start position:0%
totally new ideas about putting wheels
 

01:14:57.679 --> 01:14:59.590 align:start position:0%
totally new ideas about putting wheels
on<01:14:57.760><c> the</c><01:14:57.920><c> ends</c><01:14:58.080><c> of</c><01:14:58.239><c> legs</c>

01:14:59.590 --> 01:14:59.600 align:start position:0%
on the ends of legs
 

01:14:59.600 --> 01:15:01.830 align:start position:0%
on the ends of legs
as<01:14:59.840><c> opposed</c><01:15:00.080><c> to</c><01:15:00.320><c> just</c><01:15:00.560><c> both</c><01:15:01.199><c> holding</c><01:15:01.600><c> on</c><01:15:01.679><c> some</c>

01:15:01.830 --> 01:15:01.840 align:start position:0%
as opposed to just both holding on some
 

01:15:01.840 --> 01:15:05.030 align:start position:0%
as opposed to just both holding on some
wheels<01:15:02.159><c> onto</c><01:15:02.400><c> a</c><01:15:02.480><c> box</c><01:15:02.800><c> and</c><01:15:02.880><c> calling</c><01:15:03.199><c> it</c><01:15:03.360><c> a</c><01:15:03.440><c> rover</c>

01:15:05.030 --> 01:15:05.040 align:start position:0%
wheels onto a box and calling it a rover
 

01:15:05.040 --> 01:15:07.750 align:start position:0%
wheels onto a box and calling it a rover
just<01:15:05.360><c> really</c><01:15:06.159><c> new</c><01:15:06.560><c> thinking</c><01:15:06.960><c> about</c><01:15:07.520><c> how</c><01:15:07.679><c> to</c>

01:15:07.750 --> 01:15:07.760 align:start position:0%
just really new thinking about how to
 

01:15:07.760 --> 01:15:08.310 align:start position:0%
just really new thinking about how to
design

01:15:08.310 --> 01:15:08.320 align:start position:0%
design
 

01:15:08.320 --> 01:15:11.750 align:start position:0%
design
rovers<01:15:09.679><c> along</c><01:15:10.000><c> the</c><01:15:10.080><c> way</c><01:15:10.320><c> we</c><01:15:10.480><c> discovered</c>

01:15:11.750 --> 01:15:11.760 align:start position:0%
rovers along the way we discovered
 

01:15:11.760 --> 01:15:14.149 align:start position:0%
rovers along the way we discovered
that<01:15:11.920><c> if</c><01:15:12.159><c> you</c><01:15:12.480><c> did</c><01:15:12.719><c> that</c><01:15:13.360><c> it</c><01:15:13.520><c> would</c><01:15:13.679><c> change</c><01:15:14.000><c> the</c>

01:15:14.149 --> 01:15:14.159 align:start position:0%
that if you did that it would change the
 

01:15:14.159 --> 01:15:15.510 align:start position:0%
that if you did that it would change the
way<01:15:14.400><c> manipulators</c>

01:15:15.510 --> 01:15:15.520 align:start position:0%
way manipulators
 

01:15:15.520 --> 01:15:18.550 align:start position:0%
way manipulators
could<01:15:15.679><c> be</c><01:15:15.840><c> mounted</c><01:15:16.159><c> on</c><01:15:16.320><c> the</c><01:15:16.400><c> rover</c>

01:15:18.550 --> 01:15:18.560 align:start position:0%
could be mounted on the rover
 

01:15:18.560 --> 01:15:20.870 align:start position:0%
could be mounted on the rover
and<01:15:19.520><c> it</c><01:15:19.600><c> would</c><01:15:19.760><c> change</c><01:15:20.000><c> the</c><01:15:20.159><c> way</c><01:15:20.400><c> the</c><01:15:20.480><c> waste</c>

01:15:20.870 --> 01:15:20.880 align:start position:0%
and it would change the way the waste
 

01:15:20.880 --> 01:15:21.910 align:start position:0%
and it would change the way the waste
could<01:15:21.040><c> be</c><01:15:21.199><c> built</c>

01:15:21.910 --> 01:15:21.920 align:start position:0%
could be built
 

01:15:21.920 --> 01:15:25.830 align:start position:0%
could be built
if<01:15:22.159><c> the</c><01:15:23.520><c> lower</c><01:15:23.760><c> body</c><01:15:24.080><c> can</c><01:15:24.239><c> bend</c><01:15:24.560><c> down</c>

01:15:25.830 --> 01:15:25.840 align:start position:0%
if the lower body can bend down
 

01:15:25.840 --> 01:15:29.350 align:start position:0%
if the lower body can bend down
then<01:15:26.320><c> the</c><01:15:26.480><c> waist</c><01:15:27.280><c> can</c><01:15:27.920><c> be</c><01:15:28.080><c> even</c><01:15:28.320><c> better</c>

01:15:29.350 --> 01:15:29.360 align:start position:0%
then the waist can be even better
 

01:15:29.360 --> 01:15:32.470 align:start position:0%
then the waist can be even better
different<01:15:30.719><c> so</c><01:15:31.199><c> with</c><01:15:31.600><c> when</c><01:15:31.760><c> we</c><01:15:32.080><c> started</c><01:15:32.400><c> the</c>

01:15:32.470 --> 01:15:32.480 align:start position:0%
different so with when we started the
 

01:15:32.480 --> 01:15:33.590 align:start position:0%
different so with when we started the
robonaut<01:15:32.880><c> 2</c><01:15:33.120><c> project</c>

01:15:33.590 --> 01:15:33.600 align:start position:0%
robonaut 2 project
 

01:15:33.600 --> 01:15:35.669 align:start position:0%
robonaut 2 project
we<01:15:33.679><c> knew</c><01:15:33.840><c> we</c><01:15:34.000><c> were</c><01:15:34.159><c> going</c><01:15:34.239><c> to</c><01:15:34.320><c> build</c><01:15:34.560><c> a</c><01:15:35.440><c> new</c>

01:15:35.669 --> 01:15:35.679 align:start position:0%
we knew we were going to build a new
 

01:15:35.679 --> 01:15:37.030 align:start position:0%
we knew we were going to build a new
rover<01:15:36.000><c> for</c><01:15:36.159><c> that</c>

01:15:37.030 --> 01:15:37.040 align:start position:0%
rover for that
 

01:15:37.040 --> 01:15:41.110 align:start position:0%
rover for that
and<01:15:37.199><c> we</c><01:15:37.280><c> did</c><01:15:37.520><c> we</c><01:15:37.600><c> built</c><01:15:37.840><c> a</c><01:15:38.159><c> centaur</c><01:15:38.560><c> two</c><01:15:39.840><c> that</c>

01:15:41.110 --> 01:15:41.120 align:start position:0%
and we did we built a centaur two that
 

01:15:41.120 --> 01:15:42.870 align:start position:0%
and we did we built a centaur two that
has<01:15:41.360><c> incredible</c><01:15:41.840><c> articulations</c><01:15:42.640><c> it's</c><01:15:42.800><c> a</c>

01:15:42.870 --> 01:15:42.880 align:start position:0%
has incredible articulations it's a
 

01:15:42.880 --> 01:15:45.189 align:start position:0%
has incredible articulations it's a
rover<01:15:43.840><c> and</c><01:15:44.000><c> when</c><01:15:44.080><c> you</c><01:15:44.239><c> mount</c><01:15:44.400><c> a</c><01:15:44.480><c> robonaut</c><01:15:44.960><c> on</c>

01:15:45.189 --> 01:15:45.199 align:start position:0%
rover and when you mount a robonaut on
 

01:15:45.199 --> 01:15:46.550 align:start position:0%
rover and when you mount a robonaut on
in<01:15:45.360><c> his</c><01:15:45.520><c> upper</c><01:15:46.159><c> body</c>

01:15:46.550 --> 01:15:46.560 align:start position:0%
in his upper body
 

01:15:46.560 --> 01:15:49.189 align:start position:0%
in his upper body
it<01:15:46.800><c> can</c><01:15:46.960><c> just</c><01:15:48.159><c> do</c><01:15:48.400><c> all</c><01:15:48.480><c> sorts</c><01:15:48.800><c> of</c><01:15:48.880><c> things</c><01:15:49.040><c> we</c>

01:15:49.189 --> 01:15:49.199 align:start position:0%
it can just do all sorts of things we
 

01:15:49.199 --> 01:15:51.270 align:start position:0%
it can just do all sorts of things we
reprised<01:15:49.679><c> our</c><01:15:49.840><c> design</c><01:15:50.239><c> with</c><01:15:50.480><c> a</c><01:15:50.640><c> little</c>

01:15:51.270 --> 01:15:51.280 align:start position:0%
reprised our design with a little
 

01:15:51.280 --> 01:15:54.149 align:start position:0%
reprised our design with a little
work<01:15:51.600><c> bench</c><01:15:51.840><c> on</c><01:15:52.000><c> the</c><01:15:52.080><c> back</c><01:15:53.440><c> and</c><01:15:53.600><c> the</c><01:15:53.679><c> robonaut</c>

01:15:54.149 --> 01:15:54.159 align:start position:0%
work bench on the back and the robonaut
 

01:15:54.159 --> 01:15:55.669 align:start position:0%
work bench on the back and the robonaut
2<01:15:54.400><c> is</c><01:15:54.480><c> so</c><01:15:54.640><c> much</c><01:15:54.800><c> more</c><01:15:54.960><c> capable</c><01:15:55.440><c> than</c><01:15:55.600><c> the</c>

01:15:55.669 --> 01:15:55.679 align:start position:0%
2 is so much more capable than the
 

01:15:55.679 --> 01:15:57.189 align:start position:0%
2 is so much more capable than the
robonaut<01:15:56.159><c> one</c>

01:15:57.189 --> 01:15:57.199 align:start position:0%
robonaut one
 

01:15:57.199 --> 01:16:00.149 align:start position:0%
robonaut one
it<01:15:57.360><c> can</c><01:15:57.520><c> just</c><01:15:58.640><c> do</c><01:15:58.800><c> all</c><01:15:58.960><c> sorts</c><01:15:59.199><c> of</c><01:15:59.280><c> things</c><01:16:00.000><c> the</c>

01:16:00.149 --> 01:16:00.159 align:start position:0%
it can just do all sorts of things the
 

01:16:00.159 --> 01:16:02.790 align:start position:0%
it can just do all sorts of things the
centaur<01:16:00.560><c> 2</c><01:16:00.800><c> rover</c><01:16:01.199><c> is</c><01:16:01.280><c> so</c><01:16:01.440><c> much</c><01:16:01.679><c> more</c>

01:16:02.790 --> 01:16:02.800 align:start position:0%
centaur 2 rover is so much more
 

01:16:02.800 --> 01:16:06.790 align:start position:0%
centaur 2 rover is so much more
than<01:16:03.040><c> our</c><01:16:03.199><c> first</c><01:16:04.840><c> centaur</c>

01:16:06.790 --> 01:16:06.800 align:start position:0%
than our first centaur
 

01:16:06.800 --> 01:16:09.030 align:start position:0%
than our first centaur
we<01:16:06.960><c> just</c><01:16:07.120><c> tested</c><01:16:08.080><c> that</c><01:16:08.320><c> combination</c><01:16:08.880><c> of</c>

01:16:09.030 --> 01:16:09.040 align:start position:0%
we just tested that combination of
 

01:16:09.040 --> 01:16:10.229 align:start position:0%
we just tested that combination of
robonaut<01:16:09.440><c> at</c><01:16:09.520><c> centauril</c>

01:16:10.229 --> 01:16:10.239 align:start position:0%
robonaut at centauril
 

01:16:10.239 --> 01:16:13.590 align:start position:0%
robonaut at centauril
in<01:16:10.400><c> arizona</c>

01:16:13.590 --> 01:16:13.600 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:16:13.600 --> 01:16:16.709 align:start position:0%
 
a<01:16:13.760><c> month</c><01:16:14.000><c> ago</c><01:16:15.360><c> and</c><01:16:15.679><c> we</c><01:16:16.000><c> commanded</c><01:16:16.480><c> it</c><01:16:16.560><c> from</c>

01:16:16.709 --> 01:16:16.719 align:start position:0%
a month ago and we commanded it from
 

01:16:16.719 --> 01:16:17.590 align:start position:0%
a month ago and we commanded it from
houston

01:16:17.590 --> 01:16:17.600 align:start position:0%
houston
 

01:16:17.600 --> 01:16:20.070 align:start position:0%
houston
going<01:16:17.920><c> out</c><01:16:18.159><c> and</c><01:16:18.880><c> picking</c><01:16:19.199><c> up</c><01:16:19.360><c> rock</c><01:16:19.679><c> samples</c>

01:16:20.070 --> 01:16:20.080 align:start position:0%
going out and picking up rock samples
 

01:16:20.080 --> 01:16:21.590 align:start position:0%
going out and picking up rock samples
across<01:16:20.480><c> time</c><01:16:20.640><c> delay</c>

01:16:21.590 --> 01:16:21.600 align:start position:0%
across time delay
 

01:16:21.600 --> 01:16:23.590 align:start position:0%
across time delay
very<01:16:21.840><c> autonomous</c><01:16:22.400><c> where</c><01:16:22.560><c> you</c><01:16:22.640><c> just</c><01:16:23.040><c> designate</c>

01:16:23.590 --> 01:16:23.600 align:start position:0%
very autonomous where you just designate
 

01:16:23.600 --> 01:16:25.110 align:start position:0%
very autonomous where you just designate
a<01:16:23.679><c> rock</c><01:16:24.000><c> and</c><01:16:24.159><c> say</c>

01:16:25.110 --> 01:16:25.120 align:start position:0%
a rock and say
 

01:16:25.120 --> 01:16:27.350 align:start position:0%
a rock and say
you<01:16:25.199><c> could</c><01:16:25.360><c> give</c><01:16:25.520><c> me</c><01:16:25.679><c> that</c><01:16:25.840><c> rock</c><01:16:26.960><c> and</c><01:16:27.120><c> since</c>

01:16:27.350 --> 01:16:27.360 align:start position:0%
you could give me that rock and since
 

01:16:27.360 --> 01:16:29.030 align:start position:0%
you could give me that rock and since
it's<01:16:27.440><c> a</c><01:16:27.520><c> government</c><01:16:27.920><c> robot</c><01:16:28.400><c> after</c><01:16:28.640><c> it</c><01:16:28.719><c> got</c><01:16:28.880><c> the</c>

01:16:29.030 --> 01:16:29.040 align:start position:0%
it's a government robot after it got the
 

01:16:29.040 --> 01:16:30.149 align:start position:0%
it's a government robot after it got the
rock<01:16:29.280><c> we</c><01:16:29.440><c> told</c><01:16:29.679><c> it</c>

01:16:30.149 --> 01:16:30.159 align:start position:0%
rock we told it
 

01:16:30.159 --> 01:16:33.189 align:start position:0%
rock we told it
wrong<01:16:30.400><c> rock</c><01:16:31.280><c> but</c><01:16:31.600><c> yeah</c><01:16:31.920><c> didn't</c><01:16:32.159><c> mind</c><01:16:32.800><c> robots</c>

01:16:33.189 --> 01:16:33.199 align:start position:0%
wrong rock but yeah didn't mind robots
 

01:16:33.199 --> 01:16:34.790 align:start position:0%
wrong rock but yeah didn't mind robots
don't<01:16:33.440><c> complain</c>

01:16:34.790 --> 01:16:34.800 align:start position:0%
don't complain
 

01:16:34.800 --> 01:16:36.550 align:start position:0%
don't complain
yeah<01:16:34.960><c> we</c><01:16:35.120><c> saw</c><01:16:35.280><c> the</c><01:16:35.440><c> rover</c><01:16:35.840><c> part</c><01:16:36.159><c> because</c><01:16:36.400><c> we</c>

01:16:36.550 --> 01:16:36.560 align:start position:0%
yeah we saw the rover part because we
 

01:16:36.560 --> 01:16:38.390 align:start position:0%
yeah we saw the rover part because we
were<01:16:36.800><c> at</c><01:16:37.040><c> isr</c><01:16:37.840><c> but</c><01:16:38.000><c> the</c>

01:16:38.390 --> 01:16:38.400 align:start position:0%
were at isr but the
 

01:16:38.400 --> 01:16:41.669 align:start position:0%
were at isr but the
robonaut<01:16:39.199><c> hadn't</c><01:16:39.600><c> appeared</c><01:16:40.000><c> yet</c>

01:16:41.669 --> 01:16:41.679 align:start position:0%
robonaut hadn't appeared yet
 

01:16:41.679 --> 01:16:44.390 align:start position:0%
robonaut hadn't appeared yet
yet<01:16:42.719><c> yeah</c><01:16:42.880><c> so</c><01:16:43.199><c> okay</c><01:16:43.440><c> so</c><01:16:43.600><c> you</c><01:16:43.679><c> saw</c><01:16:43.840><c> the</c><01:16:44.000><c> chariot</c>

01:16:44.390 --> 01:16:44.400 align:start position:0%
yet yeah so okay so you saw the chariot
 

01:16:44.400 --> 01:16:45.030 align:start position:0%
yet yeah so okay so you saw the chariot
rover

01:16:45.030 --> 01:16:45.040 align:start position:0%
rover
 

01:16:45.040 --> 01:16:48.870 align:start position:0%
rover
yeah<01:16:45.440><c> and</c><01:16:45.600><c> the</c><01:16:45.679><c> century</c><01:16:46.320><c> two</c><01:16:46.640><c> center</c>

01:16:48.870 --> 01:16:48.880 align:start position:0%
yeah and the century two center
 

01:16:48.880 --> 01:16:51.669 align:start position:0%
yeah and the century two center
with<01:16:49.040><c> the</c><01:16:49.120><c> digger</c><01:16:49.520><c> on</c><01:16:49.679><c> it</c><01:16:50.080><c> the</c><01:16:50.239><c> digging</c><01:16:50.560><c> blade</c>

01:16:51.669 --> 01:16:51.679 align:start position:0%
with the digger on it the digging blade
 

01:16:51.679 --> 01:16:52.470 align:start position:0%
with the digger on it the digging blade
yeah<01:16:51.840><c> that's</c><01:16:52.080><c> a</c>

01:16:52.470 --> 01:16:52.480 align:start position:0%
yeah that's a
 

01:16:52.480 --> 01:16:54.709 align:start position:0%
yeah that's a
very<01:16:52.800><c> capable</c><01:16:53.199><c> design</c><01:16:53.520><c> with</c><01:16:53.840><c> the</c><01:16:54.000><c> rook</c><01:16:54.400><c> the</c>

01:16:54.709 --> 01:16:54.719 align:start position:0%
very capable design with the rook the
 

01:16:54.719 --> 01:16:56.070 align:start position:0%
very capable design with the rook the
hands<01:16:55.040><c> can't</c><01:16:55.280><c> handle</c><01:16:55.679><c> it</c><01:16:55.760><c> the</c>

01:16:56.070 --> 01:16:56.080 align:start position:0%
hands can't handle it the
 

01:16:56.080 --> 01:16:59.430 align:start position:0%
hands can't handle it the
bulldozer<01:16:57.600><c> usually</c><01:16:58.000><c> finishes</c>

01:16:59.430 --> 01:16:59.440 align:start position:0%
bulldozer usually finishes
 

01:16:59.440 --> 01:17:01.030 align:start position:0%
bulldozer usually finishes
yeah<01:16:59.600><c> we</c><01:16:59.760><c> actually</c><01:17:00.000><c> have</c><01:17:00.080><c> a</c><01:17:00.239><c> video</c><01:17:00.560><c> of</c><01:17:00.719><c> it</c><01:17:00.880><c> so</c>

01:17:01.030 --> 01:17:01.040 align:start position:0%
yeah we actually have a video of it so
 

01:17:01.040 --> 01:17:03.350 align:start position:0%
yeah we actually have a video of it so
we<01:17:01.199><c> can</c><01:17:01.360><c> just</c><01:17:01.840><c> put</c><01:17:02.080><c> it</c><01:17:02.400><c> with</c><01:17:02.640><c> your</c>

01:17:03.350 --> 01:17:03.360 align:start position:0%
we can just put it with your
 

01:17:03.360 --> 01:17:06.950 align:start position:0%
we can just put it with your
store<01:17:04.719><c> yeah</c><01:17:05.120><c> yeah</c><01:17:05.280><c> i've</c><01:17:05.520><c> entered</c><01:17:05.840><c> out</c><01:17:05.920><c> there</c>

01:17:06.950 --> 01:17:06.960 align:start position:0%
store yeah yeah i've entered out there
 

01:17:06.960 --> 01:17:09.270 align:start position:0%
store yeah yeah i've entered out there
got<01:17:07.120><c> some</c><01:17:07.280><c> good</c><01:17:07.520><c> footage</c><01:17:07.920><c> of</c><01:17:08.080><c> it</c><01:17:08.960><c> what</c><01:17:09.199><c> was</c>

01:17:09.270 --> 01:17:09.280 align:start position:0%
got some good footage of it what was
 

01:17:09.280 --> 01:17:10.950 align:start position:0%
got some good footage of it what was
that<01:17:09.520><c> i'm</c><01:17:09.679><c> sorry</c><01:17:09.920><c> i</c><01:17:10.000><c> didn't</c><01:17:10.159><c> recognize</c><01:17:10.560><c> you</c><01:17:10.800><c> no</c>

01:17:10.950 --> 01:17:10.960 align:start position:0%
that i'm sorry i didn't recognize you no
 

01:17:10.960 --> 01:17:12.630 align:start position:0%
that i'm sorry i didn't recognize you no
no<01:17:11.120><c> no</c><01:17:11.360><c> don't</c><01:17:11.520><c> worry</c><01:17:11.760><c> there</c><01:17:11.920><c> were</c><01:17:12.000><c> so</c><01:17:12.159><c> many</c>

01:17:12.630 --> 01:17:12.640 align:start position:0%
no no don't worry there were so many
 

01:17:12.640 --> 01:17:17.189 align:start position:0%
no no don't worry there were so many
people<01:17:12.880><c> there</c><01:17:14.480><c> that</c><01:17:14.640><c> was</c><01:17:14.800><c> a</c><01:17:14.880><c> big</c><01:17:15.040><c> bus</c>

01:17:17.189 --> 01:17:17.199 align:start position:0%
people there that was a big bus
 

01:17:17.199 --> 01:17:19.910 align:start position:0%
people there that was a big bus
well<01:17:17.440><c> good</c><01:17:18.560><c> well</c><01:17:18.880><c> you</c><01:17:18.960><c> know</c><01:17:19.280><c> the</c><01:17:19.440><c> robonaut</c><01:17:19.760><c> 2</c>

01:17:19.910 --> 01:17:19.920 align:start position:0%
well good well you know the robonaut 2
 

01:17:19.920 --> 01:17:21.030 align:start position:0%
well good well you know the robonaut 2
project's<01:17:20.320><c> been</c><01:17:20.480><c> great</c>

01:17:21.030 --> 01:17:21.040 align:start position:0%
project's been great
 

01:17:21.040 --> 01:17:24.070 align:start position:0%
project's been great
um<01:17:22.000><c> we</c><01:17:22.640><c> formed</c><01:17:22.960><c> this</c><01:17:23.120><c> team</c><01:17:23.679><c> with</c>

01:17:24.070 --> 01:17:24.080 align:start position:0%
um we formed this team with
 

01:17:24.080 --> 01:17:26.390 align:start position:0%
um we formed this team with
gm<01:17:24.480><c> that</c><01:17:24.560><c> was</c><01:17:24.800><c> just</c><01:17:24.960><c> fantastic</c><01:17:26.000><c> they</c><01:17:26.159><c> were</c><01:17:26.320><c> a</c>

01:17:26.390 --> 01:17:26.400 align:start position:0%
gm that was just fantastic they were a
 

01:17:26.400 --> 01:17:27.990 align:start position:0%
gm that was just fantastic they were a
great<01:17:26.800><c> partner</c>

01:17:27.990 --> 01:17:28.000 align:start position:0%
great partner
 

01:17:28.000 --> 01:17:30.950 align:start position:0%
great partner
and<01:17:28.480><c> we</c><01:17:29.440><c> built</c><01:17:29.600><c> that</c><01:17:30.000><c> team</c><01:17:30.480><c> based</c><01:17:30.719><c> on</c><01:17:30.800><c> an</c>

01:17:30.950 --> 01:17:30.960 align:start position:0%
and we built that team based on an
 

01:17:30.960 --> 01:17:32.310 align:start position:0%
and we built that team based on an
aligned<01:17:31.280><c> vision</c>

01:17:32.310 --> 01:17:32.320 align:start position:0%
aligned vision
 

01:17:32.320 --> 01:17:34.470 align:start position:0%
aligned vision
they<01:17:32.480><c> wanted</c><01:17:33.280><c> robots</c><01:17:33.760><c> that</c><01:17:33.840><c> could</c><01:17:34.080><c> safely</c>

01:17:34.470 --> 01:17:34.480 align:start position:0%
they wanted robots that could safely
 

01:17:34.480 --> 01:17:35.430 align:start position:0%
they wanted robots that could safely
work

01:17:35.430 --> 01:17:35.440 align:start position:0%
work
 

01:17:35.440 --> 01:17:38.149 align:start position:0%
work
next<01:17:35.679><c> to</c><01:17:35.840><c> people</c><01:17:37.040><c> and</c><01:17:37.360><c> handle</c><01:17:37.679><c> all</c><01:17:37.840><c> the</c><01:17:37.920><c> same</c>

01:17:38.149 --> 01:17:38.159 align:start position:0%
next to people and handle all the same
 

01:17:38.159 --> 01:17:39.910 align:start position:0%
next to people and handle all the same
things<01:17:38.400><c> that</c><01:17:38.480><c> were</c><01:17:38.640><c> designed</c><01:17:38.960><c> for</c><01:17:39.120><c> people</c>

01:17:39.910 --> 01:17:39.920 align:start position:0%
things that were designed for people
 

01:17:39.920 --> 01:17:41.590 align:start position:0%
things that were designed for people
so<01:17:40.159><c> cars</c><01:17:40.480><c> are</c><01:17:40.560><c> designed</c><01:17:40.960><c> to</c><01:17:41.040><c> be</c><01:17:41.120><c> put</c><01:17:41.280><c> together</c>

01:17:41.590 --> 01:17:41.600 align:start position:0%
so cars are designed to be put together
 

01:17:41.600 --> 01:17:43.110 align:start position:0%
so cars are designed to be put together
by<01:17:41.760><c> people</c>

01:17:43.110 --> 01:17:43.120 align:start position:0%
by people
 

01:17:43.120 --> 01:17:46.229 align:start position:0%
by people
right<01:17:43.679><c> and</c><01:17:45.120><c> spacecraft</c><01:17:45.760><c> are</c><01:17:45.840><c> designed</c><01:17:46.159><c> the</c>

01:17:46.229 --> 01:17:46.239 align:start position:0%
right and spacecraft are designed the
 

01:17:46.239 --> 01:17:46.709 align:start position:0%
right and spacecraft are designed the
same

01:17:46.709 --> 01:17:46.719 align:start position:0%
same
 

01:17:46.719 --> 01:17:48.470 align:start position:0%
same
human<01:17:46.960><c> spacecraft</c><01:17:47.600><c> or</c><01:17:47.679><c> designs</c><01:17:48.239><c> everything</c>

01:17:48.470 --> 01:17:48.480 align:start position:0%
human spacecraft or designs everything
 

01:17:48.480 --> 01:17:49.910 align:start position:0%
human spacecraft or designs everything
can<01:17:48.640><c> be</c><01:17:48.719><c> serviced</c><01:17:49.040><c> by</c><01:17:49.199><c> they</c><01:17:49.360><c> were</c><01:17:49.520><c> it</c><01:17:49.679><c> was</c><01:17:49.760><c> all</c>

01:17:49.910 --> 01:17:49.920 align:start position:0%
can be serviced by they were it was all
 

01:17:49.920 --> 01:17:51.590 align:start position:0%
can be serviced by they were it was all
put<01:17:50.080><c> together</c><01:17:50.400><c> by</c><01:17:50.560><c> people</c><01:17:50.800><c> originally</c><01:17:51.280><c> anyway</c>

01:17:51.590 --> 01:17:51.600 align:start position:0%
put together by people originally anyway
 

01:17:51.600 --> 01:17:52.310 align:start position:0%
put together by people originally anyway
but

01:17:52.310 --> 01:17:52.320 align:start position:0%
but
 

01:17:52.320 --> 01:17:54.390 align:start position:0%
but
it's<01:17:52.560><c> all</c><01:17:52.719><c> designed</c><01:17:53.040><c> so</c><01:17:53.280><c> human</c><01:17:53.600><c> can</c><01:17:54.159><c> fix</c>

01:17:54.390 --> 01:17:54.400 align:start position:0%
it's all designed so human can fix
 

01:17:54.400 --> 01:17:56.229 align:start position:0%
it's all designed so human can fix
things<01:17:55.040><c> service</c><01:17:55.440><c> it</c>

01:17:56.229 --> 01:17:56.239 align:start position:0%
things service it
 

01:17:56.239 --> 01:17:58.070 align:start position:0%
things service it
so<01:17:56.560><c> where</c><01:17:56.800><c> we</c><01:17:56.880><c> were</c><01:17:57.120><c> kind</c><01:17:57.280><c> of</c><01:17:57.440><c> accepting</c><01:17:57.840><c> that</c>

01:17:58.070 --> 01:17:58.080 align:start position:0%
so where we were kind of accepting that
 

01:17:58.080 --> 01:18:00.149 align:start position:0%
so where we were kind of accepting that
as<01:17:58.159><c> the</c><01:17:58.239><c> de</c><01:17:58.400><c> facto</c><01:17:58.800><c> standard</c><01:17:59.199><c> for</c><01:17:59.440><c> a</c><01:17:59.520><c> robot</c>

01:18:00.149 --> 01:18:00.159 align:start position:0%
as the de facto standard for a robot
 

01:18:00.159 --> 01:18:02.870 align:start position:0%
as the de facto standard for a robot
gm<01:18:00.640><c> is</c><01:18:00.800><c> looking</c><01:18:01.040><c> at</c><01:18:01.120><c> that</c><01:18:01.280><c> same</c><01:18:01.520><c> idea</c><01:18:02.719><c> you</c><01:18:02.800><c> know</c>

01:18:02.870 --> 01:18:02.880 align:start position:0%
gm is looking at that same idea you know
 

01:18:02.880 --> 01:18:03.430 align:start position:0%
gm is looking at that same idea you know
we're<01:18:03.040><c> not</c>

01:18:03.430 --> 01:18:03.440 align:start position:0%
we're not
 

01:18:03.440 --> 01:18:05.189 align:start position:0%
we're not
we're<01:18:03.600><c> not</c><01:18:03.760><c> trying</c><01:18:03.920><c> to</c><01:18:04.000><c> get</c><01:18:04.159><c> rid</c><01:18:04.320><c> of</c><01:18:04.480><c> humans</c>

01:18:05.189 --> 01:18:05.199 align:start position:0%
we're not trying to get rid of humans
 

01:18:05.199 --> 01:18:07.189 align:start position:0%
we're not trying to get rid of humans
you<01:18:05.280><c> know</c><01:18:05.920><c> a</c><01:18:06.080><c> robot</c><01:18:06.480><c> that's</c><01:18:06.719><c> designed</c><01:18:07.040><c> to</c>

01:18:07.189 --> 01:18:07.199 align:start position:0%
you know a robot that's designed to
 

01:18:07.199 --> 01:18:09.430 align:start position:0%
you know a robot that's designed to
safely<01:18:07.600><c> work</c><01:18:07.920><c> around</c><01:18:08.239><c> humans</c>

01:18:09.430 --> 01:18:09.440 align:start position:0%
safely work around humans
 

01:18:09.440 --> 01:18:10.830 align:start position:0%
safely work around humans
kind<01:18:09.600><c> of</c><01:18:09.679><c> assumes</c><01:18:10.080><c> that</c><01:18:10.159><c> they're</c><01:18:10.400><c> going</c><01:18:10.480><c> to</c><01:18:10.560><c> be</c>

01:18:10.830 --> 01:18:10.840 align:start position:0%
kind of assumes that they're going to be
 

01:18:10.840 --> 01:18:12.950 align:start position:0%
kind of assumes that they're going to be
humans<01:18:11.840><c> if</c><01:18:12.000><c> you're</c><01:18:12.080><c> going</c><01:18:12.159><c> to</c><01:18:12.320><c> design</c><01:18:12.560><c> a</c><01:18:12.640><c> robot</c>

01:18:12.950 --> 01:18:12.960 align:start position:0%
humans if you're going to design a robot
 

01:18:12.960 --> 01:18:15.350 align:start position:0%
humans if you're going to design a robot
to<01:18:13.199><c> do</c><01:18:13.360><c> it</c><01:18:13.520><c> by</c><01:18:13.679><c> itself</c>

01:18:15.350 --> 01:18:15.360 align:start position:0%
to do it by itself
 

01:18:15.360 --> 01:18:16.870 align:start position:0%
to do it by itself
you<01:18:15.440><c> know</c><01:18:15.679><c> you</c><01:18:15.840><c> design</c><01:18:16.159><c> a</c><01:18:16.239><c> totally</c><01:18:16.560><c> different</c>

01:18:16.870 --> 01:18:16.880 align:start position:0%
you know you design a totally different
 

01:18:16.880 --> 01:18:18.709 align:start position:0%
you know you design a totally different
kind<01:18:17.040><c> of</c><01:18:17.120><c> robot</c><01:18:17.440><c> that</c><01:18:17.520><c> could</c><01:18:17.920><c> be</c><01:18:18.080><c> sharp</c><01:18:18.480><c> and</c>

01:18:18.709 --> 01:18:18.719 align:start position:0%
kind of robot that could be sharp and
 

01:18:18.719 --> 01:18:20.630 align:start position:0%
kind of robot that could be sharp and
fast<01:18:19.199><c> and</c>

01:18:20.630 --> 01:18:20.640 align:start position:0%
fast and
 

01:18:20.640 --> 01:18:22.709 align:start position:0%
fast and
lethal<01:18:21.440><c> and</c><01:18:21.679><c> you</c><01:18:21.760><c> wouldn't</c><01:18:22.080><c> go</c><01:18:22.320><c> near</c><01:18:22.480><c> it</c><01:18:22.560><c> you</c>

01:18:22.709 --> 01:18:22.719 align:start position:0%
lethal and you wouldn't go near it you
 

01:18:22.719 --> 01:18:24.229 align:start position:0%
lethal and you wouldn't go near it you
put<01:18:22.880><c> it</c><01:18:22.960><c> in</c><01:18:23.120><c> a</c><01:18:23.199><c> cage</c>

01:18:24.229 --> 01:18:24.239 align:start position:0%
put it in a cage
 

01:18:24.239 --> 01:18:26.229 align:start position:0%
put it in a cage
you<01:18:24.400><c> never</c><01:18:24.560><c> let</c><01:18:24.800><c> people</c><01:18:25.120><c> in</c><01:18:25.679><c> you</c><01:18:25.760><c> know</c><01:18:25.840><c> as</c><01:18:26.000><c> it's</c>

01:18:26.229 --> 01:18:26.239 align:start position:0%
you never let people in you know as it's
 

01:18:26.239 --> 01:18:27.830 align:start position:0%
you never let people in you know as it's
doing<01:18:26.480><c> its</c><01:18:26.640><c> job</c>

01:18:27.830 --> 01:18:27.840 align:start position:0%
doing its job
 

01:18:27.840 --> 01:18:29.990 align:start position:0%
doing its job
but<01:18:28.000><c> if</c><01:18:28.080><c> you're</c><01:18:28.239><c> designing</c><01:18:28.640><c> a</c><01:18:28.719><c> robot</c><01:18:29.280><c> that's</c>

01:18:29.990 --> 01:18:30.000 align:start position:0%
but if you're designing a robot that's
 

01:18:30.000 --> 01:18:31.830 align:start position:0%
but if you're designing a robot that's
going<01:18:30.159><c> to</c><01:18:30.239><c> work</c><01:18:30.719><c> shoulder</c><01:18:31.040><c> to</c><01:18:31.199><c> shoulder</c><01:18:31.520><c> with</c>

01:18:31.830 --> 01:18:31.840 align:start position:0%
going to work shoulder to shoulder with
 

01:18:31.840 --> 01:18:34.310 align:start position:0%
going to work shoulder to shoulder with
people<01:18:33.040><c> it's</c><01:18:33.280><c> got</c><01:18:33.440><c> to</c><01:18:33.520><c> be</c><01:18:33.600><c> a</c><01:18:34.000><c> totally</c>

01:18:34.310 --> 01:18:34.320 align:start position:0%
people it's got to be a totally
 

01:18:34.320 --> 01:18:35.590 align:start position:0%
people it's got to be a totally
different<01:18:34.560><c> kind</c><01:18:34.800><c> of</c><01:18:34.880><c> machine</c><01:18:35.199><c> it's</c><01:18:35.360><c> got</c><01:18:35.520><c> to</c>

01:18:35.590 --> 01:18:35.600 align:start position:0%
different kind of machine it's got to
 

01:18:35.600 --> 01:18:38.149 align:start position:0%
different kind of machine it's got to
move<01:18:35.920><c> at</c><01:18:36.080><c> a</c><01:18:36.159><c> pace</c><01:18:36.560><c> that's</c><01:18:36.880><c> not</c>

01:18:38.149 --> 01:18:38.159 align:start position:0%
move at a pace that's not
 

01:18:38.159 --> 01:18:40.630 align:start position:0%
move at a pace that's not
going<01:18:38.239><c> to</c><01:18:38.320><c> surprise</c><01:18:39.280><c> the</c><01:18:39.440><c> people</c><01:18:40.239><c> it's</c><01:18:40.400><c> got</c><01:18:40.480><c> to</c>

01:18:40.630 --> 01:18:40.640 align:start position:0%
going to surprise the people it's got to
 

01:18:40.640 --> 01:18:42.550 align:start position:0%
going to surprise the people it's got to
be<01:18:40.880><c> smooth</c>

01:18:42.550 --> 01:18:42.560 align:start position:0%
be smooth
 

01:18:42.560 --> 01:18:45.830 align:start position:0%
be smooth
and<01:18:43.120><c> soft</c><01:18:44.800><c> and</c>

01:18:45.830 --> 01:18:45.840 align:start position:0%
and soft and
 

01:18:45.840 --> 01:18:48.870 align:start position:0%
and soft and
be<01:18:46.080><c> able</c><01:18:46.239><c> to</c><01:18:46.480><c> fit</c><01:18:46.719><c> in</c><01:18:46.800><c> the</c><01:18:46.960><c> same</c><01:18:48.159><c> places</c><01:18:48.719><c> that</c>

01:18:48.870 --> 01:18:48.880 align:start position:0%
be able to fit in the same places that
 

01:18:48.880 --> 01:18:51.270 align:start position:0%
be able to fit in the same places that
people<01:18:49.280><c> fit</c><01:18:49.520><c> in</c>

01:18:51.270 --> 01:18:51.280 align:start position:0%
people fit in
 

01:18:51.280 --> 01:18:53.510 align:start position:0%
people fit in
and<01:18:51.920><c> handle</c><01:18:52.320><c> all</c><01:18:52.400><c> the</c><01:18:52.560><c> same</c><01:18:52.800><c> objects</c><01:18:53.280><c> that</c>

01:18:53.510 --> 01:18:53.520 align:start position:0%
and handle all the same objects that
 

01:18:53.520 --> 01:18:54.950 align:start position:0%
and handle all the same objects that
people<01:18:53.760><c> handle</c>

01:18:54.950 --> 01:18:54.960 align:start position:0%
people handle
 

01:18:54.960 --> 01:18:57.510 align:start position:0%
people handle
it's<01:18:55.440><c> a</c><01:18:55.520><c> lot</c><01:18:55.679><c> harder</c><01:18:56.480><c> if</c><01:18:56.719><c> you</c><01:18:56.800><c> could</c><01:18:56.960><c> redesign</c>

01:18:57.510 --> 01:18:57.520 align:start position:0%
it's a lot harder if you could redesign
 

01:18:57.520 --> 01:18:59.669 align:start position:0%
it's a lot harder if you could redesign
all<01:18:57.679><c> the</c><01:18:58.159><c> world</c><01:18:58.480><c> to</c><01:18:58.640><c> be</c><01:18:58.800><c> handled</c><01:18:59.120><c> by</c><01:18:59.280><c> a</c><01:18:59.360><c> simple</c>

01:18:59.669 --> 01:18:59.679 align:start position:0%
all the world to be handled by a simple
 

01:18:59.679 --> 01:19:00.709 align:start position:0%
all the world to be handled by a simple
robot

01:19:00.709 --> 01:19:00.719 align:start position:0%
robot
 

01:19:00.719 --> 01:19:02.470 align:start position:0%
robot
you<01:19:00.800><c> know</c><01:19:01.520><c> go</c><01:19:01.760><c> for</c><01:19:01.920><c> it</c><01:19:02.080><c> because</c><01:19:02.320><c> that's</c>

01:19:02.470 --> 01:19:02.480 align:start position:0%
you know go for it because that's
 

01:19:02.480 --> 01:19:04.390 align:start position:0%
you know go for it because that's
definitely

01:19:04.390 --> 01:19:04.400 align:start position:0%
definitely
 

01:19:04.400 --> 01:19:07.270 align:start position:0%
definitely
a<01:19:04.480><c> better</c><01:19:04.800><c> option</c><01:19:06.320><c> as</c><01:19:06.480><c> far</c><01:19:06.640><c> as</c><01:19:06.800><c> the</c><01:19:06.880><c> cost</c><01:19:07.199><c> of</c>

01:19:07.270 --> 01:19:07.280 align:start position:0%
a better option as far as the cost of
 

01:19:07.280 --> 01:19:08.630 align:start position:0%
a better option as far as the cost of
the<01:19:07.360><c> robot</c>

01:19:08.630 --> 01:19:08.640 align:start position:0%
the robot
 

01:19:08.640 --> 01:19:10.630 align:start position:0%
the robot
but<01:19:08.800><c> redesigning</c><01:19:09.360><c> the</c><01:19:09.440><c> world</c><01:19:10.239><c> is</c><01:19:10.400><c> kind</c><01:19:10.560><c> of</c>

01:19:10.630 --> 01:19:10.640 align:start position:0%
but redesigning the world is kind of
 

01:19:10.640 --> 01:19:12.229 align:start position:0%
but redesigning the world is kind of
expensive

01:19:12.229 --> 01:19:12.239 align:start position:0%
expensive
 

01:19:12.239 --> 01:19:14.229 align:start position:0%
expensive
so<01:19:12.560><c> we</c><01:19:12.719><c> decide</c><01:19:13.040><c> okay</c><01:19:13.520><c> world's</c><01:19:13.760><c> designed</c><01:19:14.080><c> for</c>

01:19:14.229 --> 01:19:14.239 align:start position:0%
so we decide okay world's designed for
 

01:19:14.239 --> 01:19:16.709 align:start position:0%
so we decide okay world's designed for
people<01:19:14.960><c> let's</c><01:19:15.120><c> just</c><01:19:15.360><c> accept</c><01:19:15.679><c> that</c>

01:19:16.709 --> 01:19:16.719 align:start position:0%
people let's just accept that
 

01:19:16.719 --> 01:19:19.510 align:start position:0%
people let's just accept that
rather<01:19:16.960><c> than</c><01:19:17.120><c> fight</c><01:19:17.360><c> it</c><01:19:18.480><c> and</c><01:19:18.880><c> step</c><01:19:19.199><c> up</c><01:19:19.280><c> to</c><01:19:19.360><c> the</c>

01:19:19.510 --> 01:19:19.520 align:start position:0%
rather than fight it and step up to the
 

01:19:19.520 --> 01:19:22.070 align:start position:0%
rather than fight it and step up to the
challenge<01:19:19.840><c> of</c><01:19:19.920><c> building</c><01:19:20.159><c> a</c><01:19:20.239><c> robot</c><01:19:20.719><c> that</c><01:19:20.960><c> can</c>

01:19:22.070 --> 01:19:22.080 align:start position:0%
challenge of building a robot that can
 

01:19:22.080 --> 01:19:25.669 align:start position:0%
challenge of building a robot that can
work<01:19:22.400><c> in</c><01:19:23.280><c> a</c><01:19:23.360><c> human's</c><01:19:23.760><c> world</c>

01:19:25.669 --> 01:19:25.679 align:start position:0%
work in a human's world
 

01:19:25.679 --> 01:19:27.110 align:start position:0%
work in a human's world
that's<01:19:26.080><c> what</c><01:19:26.239><c> we've</c><01:19:26.400><c> done</c><01:19:26.640><c> with</c><01:19:26.800><c> the</c><01:19:26.880><c> royal</c>

01:19:27.110 --> 01:19:27.120 align:start position:0%
that's what we've done with the royal
 

01:19:27.120 --> 01:19:30.229 align:start position:0%
that's what we've done with the royal
messes<01:19:27.440><c> well</c><01:19:27.600><c> we're</c><01:19:27.760><c> on</c><01:19:27.920><c> our</c><01:19:28.000><c> way</c>

01:19:30.229 --> 01:19:30.239 align:start position:0%
messes well we're on our way
 

01:19:30.239 --> 01:19:32.149 align:start position:0%
messes well we're on our way
we've<01:19:30.480><c> been</c><01:19:30.640><c> working</c><01:19:30.960><c> on</c><01:19:31.280><c> robonauts</c><01:19:31.679><c> for</c><01:19:31.840><c> 15</c>

01:19:32.149 --> 01:19:32.159 align:start position:0%
we've been working on robonauts for 15
 

01:19:32.159 --> 01:19:33.270 align:start position:0%
we've been working on robonauts for 15
years

01:19:33.270 --> 01:19:33.280 align:start position:0%
years
 

01:19:33.280 --> 01:19:35.270 align:start position:0%
years
and<01:19:33.520><c> i</c><01:19:33.600><c> think</c><01:19:33.840><c> it's</c><01:19:34.000><c> going</c><01:19:34.080><c> to</c><01:19:34.159><c> take</c><01:19:34.320><c> about</c><01:19:34.640><c> 50</c>

01:19:35.270 --> 01:19:35.280 align:start position:0%
and i think it's going to take about 50
 

01:19:35.280 --> 01:19:37.030 align:start position:0%
and i think it's going to take about 50
to<01:19:35.360><c> get</c><01:19:35.600><c> it</c><01:19:35.679><c> right</c>

01:19:37.030 --> 01:19:37.040 align:start position:0%
to get it right
 

01:19:37.040 --> 01:19:39.590 align:start position:0%
to get it right
so<01:19:37.520><c> by</c><01:19:37.679><c> the</c><01:19:37.840><c> end</c><01:19:38.000><c> of</c><01:19:38.080><c> that</c><01:19:38.640><c> probably</c><01:19:38.960><c> be</c>

01:19:39.590 --> 01:19:39.600 align:start position:0%
so by the end of that probably be
 

01:19:39.600 --> 01:19:42.390 align:start position:0%
so by the end of that probably be
pushing<01:19:39.920><c> robonaut</c><01:19:40.400><c> 10</c>

01:19:42.390 --> 01:19:42.400 align:start position:0%
pushing robonaut 10
 

01:19:42.400 --> 01:19:43.990 align:start position:0%
pushing robonaut 10
and<01:19:42.560><c> we'll</c><01:19:42.800><c> have</c><01:19:42.880><c> made</c><01:19:43.199><c> just</c><01:19:43.440><c> incredible</c>

01:19:43.990 --> 01:19:44.000 align:start position:0%
and we'll have made just incredible
 

01:19:44.000 --> 01:19:45.750 align:start position:0%
and we'll have made just incredible
progress<01:19:44.800><c> i</c>

01:19:45.750 --> 01:19:45.760 align:start position:0%
progress i
 

01:19:45.760 --> 01:19:48.310 align:start position:0%
progress i
can't<01:19:45.920><c> even</c><01:19:46.159><c> imagine</c><01:19:47.360><c> what</c><01:19:47.600><c> the</c><01:19:47.679><c> next</c><01:19:47.840><c> 35</c>

01:19:48.310 --> 01:19:48.320 align:start position:0%
can't even imagine what the next 35
 

01:19:48.320 --> 01:19:49.510 align:start position:0%
can't even imagine what the next 35
years<01:19:48.560><c> will</c><01:19:48.640><c> be</c><01:19:48.880><c> like</c>

01:19:49.510 --> 01:19:49.520 align:start position:0%
years will be like
 

01:19:49.520 --> 01:19:52.550 align:start position:0%
years will be like
that<01:19:49.679><c> it's</c><01:19:49.840><c> going</c><01:19:49.920><c> to</c><01:19:49.920><c> be</c><01:19:50.080><c> great</c><01:19:51.679><c> even</c><01:19:52.400><c> the</c>

01:19:52.550 --> 01:19:52.560 align:start position:0%
that it's going to be great even the
 

01:19:52.560 --> 01:19:54.790 align:start position:0%
that it's going to be great even the
jump<01:19:52.800><c> from</c><01:19:53.120><c> robonaut</c><01:19:53.520><c> 1</c><01:19:53.760><c> to</c><01:19:53.840><c> roman</c><01:19:54.159><c> 2</c><01:19:54.480><c> is</c><01:19:54.560><c> just</c>

01:19:54.790 --> 01:19:54.800 align:start position:0%
jump from robonaut 1 to roman 2 is just
 

01:19:54.800 --> 01:19:55.669 align:start position:0%
jump from robonaut 1 to roman 2 is just
huge

01:19:55.669 --> 01:19:55.679 align:start position:0%
huge
 

01:19:55.679 --> 01:19:57.430 align:start position:0%
huge
the<01:19:55.760><c> robot</c><01:19:56.159><c> is</c><01:19:56.239><c> so</c><01:19:56.400><c> much</c><01:19:56.560><c> more</c><01:19:56.800><c> capable</c><01:19:57.280><c> more</c>

01:19:57.430 --> 01:19:57.440 align:start position:0%
the robot is so much more capable more
 

01:19:57.440 --> 01:20:00.070 align:start position:0%
the robot is so much more capable more
reliable

01:20:00.070 --> 01:20:00.080 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:20:00.080 --> 01:20:03.350 align:start position:0%
 
faster<01:20:00.560><c> stronger</c><01:20:01.199><c> better</c><01:20:02.480><c> and</c>

01:20:03.350 --> 01:20:03.360 align:start position:0%
faster stronger better and
 

01:20:03.360 --> 01:20:05.510 align:start position:0%
faster stronger better and
i<01:20:03.520><c> expect</c><01:20:03.920><c> the</c><01:20:04.000><c> jump</c><01:20:04.239><c> from</c><01:20:04.480><c> our</c><01:20:04.560><c> 2.3</c><01:20:05.280><c> to</c><01:20:05.360><c> be</c>

01:20:05.510 --> 01:20:05.520 align:start position:0%
i expect the jump from our 2.3 to be
 

01:20:05.520 --> 01:20:07.590 align:start position:0%
i expect the jump from our 2.3 to be
equally

01:20:07.590 --> 01:20:07.600 align:start position:0%
equally
 

01:20:07.600 --> 01:20:10.070 align:start position:0%
equally
impressive<01:20:09.199><c> and</c><01:20:09.360><c> we've</c><01:20:09.600><c> got</c><01:20:09.760><c> a</c><01:20:09.840><c> lot</c><01:20:10.000><c> of</c>

01:20:10.070 --> 01:20:10.080 align:start position:0%
impressive and we've got a lot of
 

01:20:10.080 --> 01:20:11.350 align:start position:0%
impressive and we've got a lot of
pent-up<01:20:10.480><c> ideas</c><01:20:10.960><c> now</c>

01:20:11.350 --> 01:20:11.360 align:start position:0%
pent-up ideas now
 

01:20:11.360 --> 01:20:17.350 align:start position:0%
pent-up ideas now
about<01:20:11.679><c> what</c><01:20:11.920><c> it</c><01:20:12.000><c> might</c><01:20:12.239><c> be</c><01:20:12.560><c> and</c><01:20:13.600><c> the</c><01:20:14.080><c> team's</c>

01:20:17.350 --> 01:20:17.360 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:20:17.360 --> 01:20:21.110 align:start position:0%
 
eager<01:20:18.000><c> i</c><01:20:18.080><c> think</c><01:20:18.400><c> to</c><01:20:19.199><c> get</c><01:20:19.360><c> going</c><01:20:19.679><c> on</c><01:20:19.760><c> the</c><01:20:19.920><c> r3</c>

01:20:21.110 --> 01:20:21.120 align:start position:0%
eager i think to get going on the r3
 

01:20:21.120 --> 01:20:22.629 align:start position:0%
eager i think to get going on the r3
we're<01:20:21.280><c> not</c><01:20:21.440><c> done</c><01:20:21.600><c> with</c><01:20:21.679><c> the</c><01:20:21.760><c> r2</c><01:20:22.159><c> yet</c><01:20:22.320><c> we're</c><01:20:22.480><c> so</c>

01:20:22.629 --> 01:20:22.639 align:start position:0%
we're not done with the r2 yet we're so
 

01:20:22.639 --> 01:20:25.510 align:start position:0%
we're not done with the r2 yet we're so
like<01:20:24.000><c> what</c><01:20:24.239><c> are</c><01:20:24.320><c> some</c><01:20:24.560><c> of</c><01:20:24.719><c> the</c>

01:20:25.510 --> 01:20:25.520 align:start position:0%
like what are some of the
 

01:20:25.520 --> 01:20:27.910 align:start position:0%
like what are some of the
both<01:20:25.760><c> the</c><01:20:25.920><c> technological</c><01:20:26.719><c> and</c><01:20:26.880><c> the</c><01:20:27.520><c> you</c><01:20:27.679><c> know</c>

01:20:27.910 --> 01:20:27.920 align:start position:0%
both the technological and the you know
 

01:20:27.920 --> 01:20:29.669 align:start position:0%
both the technological and the you know
conceptual

01:20:29.669 --> 01:20:29.679 align:start position:0%
conceptual
 

01:20:29.679 --> 01:20:32.790 align:start position:0%
conceptual
changes<01:20:30.080><c> that</c><01:20:30.320><c> made</c><01:20:30.840><c> that</c><01:20:32.320><c> jump</c>

01:20:32.790 --> 01:20:32.800 align:start position:0%
changes that made that jump
 

01:20:32.800 --> 01:20:36.149 align:start position:0%
changes that made that jump
possible<01:20:33.760><c> well</c><01:20:34.560><c> just</c><01:20:34.880><c> all</c><01:20:35.040><c> sorts</c><01:20:35.280><c> of</c><01:20:35.440><c> ideas</c>

01:20:36.149 --> 01:20:36.159 align:start position:0%
possible well just all sorts of ideas
 

01:20:36.159 --> 01:20:41.110 align:start position:0%
possible well just all sorts of ideas
uh<01:20:36.400><c> we</c><01:20:36.639><c> when</c><01:20:36.800><c> we</c><01:20:36.880><c> built</c><01:20:37.120><c> the</c><01:20:37.199><c> r1</c><01:20:38.560><c> um</c>

01:20:41.110 --> 01:20:41.120 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:20:41.120 --> 01:20:43.590 align:start position:0%
 
it<01:20:41.280><c> was</c><01:20:41.360><c> a</c><01:20:41.440><c> long</c><01:20:41.600><c> time</c><01:20:41.760><c> ago</c><01:20:42.080><c> it</c><01:20:42.080><c> was</c><01:20:42.239><c> nice</c><01:20:42.880><c> 697</c>

01:20:43.590 --> 01:20:43.600 align:start position:0%
it was a long time ago it was nice 697
 

01:20:43.600 --> 01:20:44.229 align:start position:0%
it was a long time ago it was nice 697
when<01:20:43.760><c> we</c><01:20:43.920><c> were</c>

01:20:44.229 --> 01:20:44.239 align:start position:0%
when we were
 

01:20:44.239 --> 01:20:49.750 align:start position:0%
when we were
designing<01:20:44.840><c> it</c><01:20:45.840><c> and</c>

01:20:49.750 --> 01:20:49.760 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:20:49.760 --> 01:20:51.750 align:start position:0%
 
a<01:20:49.840><c> lot</c><01:20:50.080><c> of</c><01:20:50.320><c> i</c><01:20:50.480><c> like</c><01:20:50.639><c> to</c><01:20:50.719><c> design</c><01:20:51.120><c> robots</c><01:20:51.600><c> to</c>

01:20:51.750 --> 01:20:51.760 align:start position:0%
a lot of i like to design robots to
 

01:20:51.760 --> 01:20:53.910 align:start position:0%
a lot of i like to design robots to
implement<01:20:52.159><c> an</c><01:20:52.320><c> algorithm</c>

01:20:53.910 --> 01:20:53.920 align:start position:0%
implement an algorithm
 

01:20:53.920 --> 01:20:55.430 align:start position:0%
implement an algorithm
so<01:20:54.080><c> if</c><01:20:54.159><c> you</c><01:20:54.320><c> understand</c><01:20:54.880><c> the</c><01:20:55.040><c> control</c>

01:20:55.430 --> 01:20:55.440 align:start position:0%
so if you understand the control
 

01:20:55.440 --> 01:20:57.510 align:start position:0%
so if you understand the control
algorithm<01:20:56.480><c> then</c><01:20:56.639><c> you</c><01:20:56.800><c> can</c><01:20:56.880><c> make</c><01:20:57.120><c> choices</c>

01:20:57.510 --> 01:20:57.520 align:start position:0%
algorithm then you can make choices
 

01:20:57.520 --> 01:20:59.430 align:start position:0%
algorithm then you can make choices
about<01:20:57.920><c> how</c><01:20:58.159><c> fast</c><01:20:58.480><c> should</c><01:20:58.719><c> it</c><01:20:58.800><c> be</c>

01:20:59.430 --> 01:20:59.440 align:start position:0%
about how fast should it be
 

01:20:59.440 --> 01:21:02.390 align:start position:0%
about how fast should it be
what<01:20:59.600><c> kind</c><01:20:59.760><c> of</c><01:20:59.920><c> sensors</c><01:21:01.520><c> are</c><01:21:01.679><c> needed</c><01:21:02.159><c> where</c>

01:21:02.390 --> 01:21:02.400 align:start position:0%
what kind of sensors are needed where
 

01:21:02.400 --> 01:21:04.229 align:start position:0%
what kind of sensors are needed where
should<01:21:02.560><c> the</c><01:21:02.719><c> sensors</c><01:21:03.199><c> be</c>

01:21:04.229 --> 01:21:04.239 align:start position:0%
should the sensors be
 

01:21:04.239 --> 01:21:07.669 align:start position:0%
should the sensors be
what<01:21:04.480><c> kind</c><01:21:04.639><c> of</c><01:21:04.719><c> motions</c><01:21:05.920><c> are</c><01:21:06.080><c> appropriate</c>

01:21:07.669 --> 01:21:07.679 align:start position:0%
what kind of motions are appropriate
 

01:21:07.679 --> 01:21:09.990 align:start position:0%
what kind of motions are appropriate
and<01:21:08.080><c> get</c><01:21:08.239><c> optimized</c><01:21:09.199><c> but</c><01:21:09.360><c> you</c><01:21:09.520><c> understand</c><01:21:09.840><c> the</c>

01:21:09.990 --> 01:21:10.000 align:start position:0%
and get optimized but you understand the
 

01:21:10.000 --> 01:21:10.950 align:start position:0%
and get optimized but you understand the
algorithm<01:21:10.400><c> that</c><01:21:10.560><c> you're</c><01:21:10.639><c> trying</c><01:21:10.800><c> to</c>

01:21:10.950 --> 01:21:10.960 align:start position:0%
algorithm that you're trying to
 

01:21:10.960 --> 01:21:12.830 align:start position:0%
algorithm that you're trying to
implement

01:21:12.830 --> 01:21:12.840 align:start position:0%
implement
 

01:21:12.840 --> 01:21:17.110 align:start position:0%
implement
and<01:21:14.480><c> we</c><01:21:15.120><c> found</c><01:21:15.360><c> some</c><01:21:15.520><c> new</c><01:21:15.679><c> algorithms</c>

01:21:17.110 --> 01:21:17.120 align:start position:0%
and we found some new algorithms
 

01:21:17.120 --> 01:21:19.750 align:start position:0%
and we found some new algorithms
so<01:21:17.520><c> the</c><01:21:18.080><c> algorithms</c><01:21:18.639><c> for</c><01:21:18.800><c> autonomy</c><01:21:19.360><c> are</c><01:21:19.520><c> very</c>

01:21:19.750 --> 01:21:19.760 align:start position:0%
so the algorithms for autonomy are very
 

01:21:19.760 --> 01:21:23.270 align:start position:0%
so the algorithms for autonomy are very
different<01:21:20.159><c> than</c><01:21:20.320><c> for</c><01:21:20.480><c> telepresence</c><01:21:21.280><c> control</c>

01:21:23.270 --> 01:21:23.280 align:start position:0%
different than for telepresence control
 

01:21:23.280 --> 01:21:25.990 align:start position:0%
different than for telepresence control
and<01:21:24.320><c> it</c><01:21:24.639><c> drives</c><01:21:24.960><c> you</c><01:21:25.280><c> very</c><01:21:25.520><c> different</c><01:21:25.760><c> kinds</c>

01:21:25.990 --> 01:21:26.000 align:start position:0%
and it drives you very different kinds
 

01:21:26.000 --> 01:21:27.270 align:start position:0%
and it drives you very different kinds
of<01:21:26.080><c> sensors</c>

01:21:27.270 --> 01:21:27.280 align:start position:0%
of sensors
 

01:21:27.280 --> 01:21:29.110 align:start position:0%
of sensors
and<01:21:27.440><c> you</c><01:21:27.520><c> need</c><01:21:27.679><c> more</c><01:21:27.920><c> sensors</c><01:21:28.719><c> and</c><01:21:28.800><c> different</c>

01:21:29.110 --> 01:21:29.120 align:start position:0%
and you need more sensors and different
 

01:21:29.120 --> 01:21:31.189 align:start position:0%
and you need more sensors and different
kinds<01:21:29.440><c> of</c><01:21:29.520><c> sensors</c>

01:21:31.189 --> 01:21:31.199 align:start position:0%
kinds of sensors
 

01:21:31.199 --> 01:21:33.430 align:start position:0%
kinds of sensors
sensors<01:21:31.600><c> that</c><01:21:31.840><c> might</c><01:21:32.239><c> be</c><01:21:32.400><c> hard</c><01:21:32.639><c> to</c><01:21:32.800><c> display</c><01:21:33.280><c> to</c>

01:21:33.430 --> 01:21:33.440 align:start position:0%
sensors that might be hard to display to
 

01:21:33.440 --> 01:21:34.470 align:start position:0%
sensors that might be hard to display to
a<01:21:33.520><c> human</c><01:21:33.840><c> but</c><01:21:34.080><c> that</c><01:21:34.239><c> are</c>

01:21:34.470 --> 01:21:34.480 align:start position:0%
a human but that are
 

01:21:34.480 --> 01:21:36.870 align:start position:0%
a human but that are
ideal<01:21:34.880><c> for</c><01:21:35.040><c> the</c><01:21:35.120><c> robot</c><01:21:36.159><c> yeah</c><01:21:36.400><c> it's</c><01:21:36.639><c> really</c>

01:21:36.870 --> 01:21:36.880 align:start position:0%
ideal for the robot yeah it's really
 

01:21:36.880 --> 01:21:37.510 align:start position:0%
ideal for the robot yeah it's really
hard<01:21:37.040><c> to</c><01:21:37.199><c> show</c>

01:21:37.510 --> 01:21:37.520 align:start position:0%
hard to show
 

01:21:37.520 --> 01:21:40.870 align:start position:0%
hard to show
force<01:21:38.639><c> but</c><01:21:38.880><c> the</c><01:21:38.960><c> robot</c><01:21:39.360><c> feels</c><01:21:39.679><c> it</c><01:21:40.480><c> much</c><01:21:40.639><c> better</c>

01:21:40.870 --> 01:21:40.880 align:start position:0%
force but the robot feels it much better
 

01:21:40.880 --> 01:21:41.590 align:start position:0%
force but the robot feels it much better
than<01:21:41.040><c> a</c><01:21:41.120><c> human</c>

01:21:41.590 --> 01:21:41.600 align:start position:0%
than a human
 

01:21:41.600 --> 01:21:44.550 align:start position:0%
than a human
could<01:21:41.760><c> ever</c><01:21:42.080><c> understand</c><01:21:43.520><c> so</c><01:21:44.000><c> all</c><01:21:44.159><c> kinds</c><01:21:44.480><c> of</c>

01:21:44.550 --> 01:21:44.560 align:start position:0%
could ever understand so all kinds of
 

01:21:44.560 --> 01:21:45.830 align:start position:0%
could ever understand so all kinds of
force<01:21:44.880><c> sensing</c>

01:21:45.830 --> 01:21:45.840 align:start position:0%
force sensing
 

01:21:45.840 --> 01:21:48.950 align:start position:0%
force sensing
very<01:21:46.080><c> important</c><01:21:47.360><c> um</c><01:21:48.480><c> the</c>

01:21:48.950 --> 01:21:48.960 align:start position:0%
very important um the
 

01:21:48.960 --> 01:21:51.510 align:start position:0%
very important um the
there<01:21:49.199><c> was</c><01:21:49.360><c> a</c><01:21:49.600><c> an</c><01:21:49.760><c> algorithm</c><01:21:50.320><c> an</c><01:21:50.480><c> idea</c><01:21:51.360><c> more</c>

01:21:51.510 --> 01:21:51.520 align:start position:0%
there was a an algorithm an idea more
 

01:21:51.520 --> 01:21:52.709 align:start position:0%
there was a an algorithm an idea more
than<01:21:51.679><c> an</c><01:21:51.760><c> algorithm</c>

01:21:52.709 --> 01:21:52.719 align:start position:0%
than an algorithm
 

01:21:52.719 --> 01:21:56.790 align:start position:0%
than an algorithm
that<01:21:52.960><c> gil</c><01:21:53.440><c> pratt</c><01:21:53.840><c> had</c><01:21:54.320><c> at</c><01:21:55.600><c> mit</c>

01:21:56.790 --> 01:21:56.800 align:start position:0%
that gil pratt had at mit
 

01:21:56.800 --> 01:22:00.070 align:start position:0%
that gil pratt had at mit
called<01:21:57.040><c> series</c><01:21:57.360><c> elastic</c><01:21:57.840><c> actuation</c><01:21:59.679><c> and</c>

01:22:00.070 --> 01:22:00.080 align:start position:0%
called series elastic actuation and
 

01:22:00.080 --> 01:22:02.149 align:start position:0%
called series elastic actuation and
it<01:22:00.239><c> was</c><01:22:00.960><c> i</c><01:22:01.040><c> think</c><01:22:01.199><c> one</c><01:22:01.360><c> of</c><01:22:01.440><c> the</c><01:22:01.520><c> most</c><01:22:01.760><c> important</c>

01:22:02.149 --> 01:22:02.159 align:start position:0%
it was i think one of the most important
 

01:22:02.159 --> 01:22:03.110 align:start position:0%
it was i think one of the most important
breakthroughs

01:22:03.110 --> 01:22:03.120 align:start position:0%
breakthroughs
 

01:22:03.120 --> 01:22:06.629 align:start position:0%
breakthroughs
in<01:22:03.840><c> robotics</c><01:22:05.199><c> where</c><01:22:05.440><c> he</c><01:22:05.600><c> was</c><01:22:06.000><c> putting</c>

01:22:06.629 --> 01:22:06.639 align:start position:0%
in robotics where he was putting
 

01:22:06.639 --> 01:22:09.830 align:start position:0%
in robotics where he was putting
elasticity<01:22:07.360><c> into</c><01:22:07.600><c> the</c><01:22:07.760><c> drivetrains</c><01:22:09.360><c> and</c><01:22:09.520><c> then</c>

01:22:09.830 --> 01:22:09.840 align:start position:0%
elasticity into the drivetrains and then
 

01:22:09.840 --> 01:22:11.669 align:start position:0%
elasticity into the drivetrains and then
rather<01:22:10.159><c> than</c><01:22:10.320><c> trying</c><01:22:10.560><c> to</c><01:22:10.719><c> sense</c><01:22:11.120><c> strain</c>

01:22:11.669 --> 01:22:11.679 align:start position:0%
rather than trying to sense strain
 

01:22:11.679 --> 01:22:12.629 align:start position:0%
rather than trying to sense strain
gauges

01:22:12.629 --> 01:22:12.639 align:start position:0%
gauges
 

01:22:12.639 --> 01:22:15.830 align:start position:0%
gauges
signals<01:22:13.360><c> break</c><01:22:14.239><c> micro</c><01:22:14.639><c> strain</c>

01:22:15.830 --> 01:22:15.840 align:start position:0%
signals break micro strain
 

01:22:15.840 --> 01:22:18.310 align:start position:0%
signals break micro strain
where<01:22:16.159><c> metal</c><01:22:16.480><c> is</c><01:22:16.880><c> distressed</c><01:22:17.520><c> and</c><01:22:17.600><c> it</c><01:22:17.760><c> strains</c>

01:22:18.310 --> 01:22:18.320 align:start position:0%
where metal is distressed and it strains
 

01:22:18.320 --> 01:22:19.350 align:start position:0%
where metal is distressed and it strains
very

01:22:19.350 --> 01:22:19.360 align:start position:0%
very
 

01:22:19.360 --> 01:22:23.110 align:start position:0%
very
minutely<01:22:20.639><c> a</c><01:22:20.800><c> strain</c><01:22:21.120><c> gauge</c><01:22:21.360><c> picks</c><01:22:21.679><c> that</c><01:22:21.920><c> up</c>

01:22:23.110 --> 01:22:23.120 align:start position:0%
minutely a strain gauge picks that up
 

01:22:23.120 --> 01:22:24.709 align:start position:0%
minutely a strain gauge picks that up
the<01:22:23.280><c> problem</c><01:22:23.600><c> is</c><01:22:23.760><c> strain</c><01:22:24.000><c> gauge</c><01:22:24.320><c> picks</c><01:22:24.560><c> up</c>

01:22:24.709 --> 01:22:24.719 align:start position:0%
the problem is strain gauge picks up
 

01:22:24.719 --> 01:22:26.470 align:start position:0%
the problem is strain gauge picks up
everything<01:22:25.679><c> they're</c><01:22:26.000><c> much</c><01:22:26.239><c> better</c>

01:22:26.470 --> 01:22:26.480 align:start position:0%
everything they're much better
 

01:22:26.480 --> 01:22:28.149 align:start position:0%
everything they're much better
temperature<01:22:26.960><c> sensors</c><01:22:27.360><c> and</c><01:22:27.440><c> they</c><01:22:27.600><c> are</c><01:22:27.760><c> strain</c>

01:22:28.149 --> 01:22:28.159 align:start position:0%
temperature sensors and they are strain
 

01:22:28.159 --> 01:22:29.430 align:start position:0%
temperature sensors and they are strain
sensors

01:22:29.430 --> 01:22:29.440 align:start position:0%
sensors
 

01:22:29.440 --> 01:22:30.550 align:start position:0%
sensors
they'll<01:22:29.679><c> pick</c><01:22:29.840><c> up</c><01:22:30.000><c> all</c><01:22:30.159><c> kinds</c><01:22:30.400><c> of</c>

01:22:30.550 --> 01:22:30.560 align:start position:0%
they'll pick up all kinds of
 

01:22:30.560 --> 01:22:33.030 align:start position:0%
they'll pick up all kinds of
electromagnetic<01:22:31.520><c> noise</c><01:22:32.080><c> and</c><01:22:32.239><c> they</c>

01:22:33.030 --> 01:22:33.040 align:start position:0%
electromagnetic noise and they
 

01:22:33.040 --> 01:22:36.629 align:start position:0%
electromagnetic noise and they
they<01:22:33.280><c> age</c><01:22:33.600><c> poorly</c><01:22:35.040><c> and</c><01:22:35.199><c> they're</c><01:22:35.440><c> fragile</c>

01:22:36.629 --> 01:22:36.639 align:start position:0%
they age poorly and they're fragile
 

01:22:36.639 --> 01:22:40.790 align:start position:0%
they age poorly and they're fragile
so<01:22:36.800><c> what</c><01:22:37.199><c> what</c><01:22:37.360><c> gill</c><01:22:37.600><c> found</c><01:22:37.920><c> was</c><01:22:38.719><c> with</c><01:22:39.440><c> a</c>

01:22:40.790 --> 01:22:40.800 align:start position:0%
so what what gill found was with a
 

01:22:40.800 --> 01:22:43.350 align:start position:0%
so what what gill found was with a
macro<01:22:41.280><c> strain</c><01:22:41.760><c> we</c><01:22:41.920><c> had</c><01:22:42.080><c> a</c><01:22:42.320><c> lot</c><01:22:42.480><c> of</c><01:22:42.639><c> elasticity</c>

01:22:43.350 --> 01:22:43.360 align:start position:0%
macro strain we had a lot of elasticity
 

01:22:43.360 --> 01:22:44.470 align:start position:0%
macro strain we had a lot of elasticity
in<01:22:43.440><c> the</c><01:22:43.520><c> drive</c>

01:22:44.470 --> 01:22:44.480 align:start position:0%
in the drive
 

01:22:44.480 --> 01:22:47.990 align:start position:0%
in the drive
you<01:22:44.639><c> could</c><01:22:44.800><c> measure</c><01:22:45.199><c> that</c><01:22:46.239><c> that</c><01:22:46.880><c> deflection</c>

01:22:47.990 --> 01:22:48.000 align:start position:0%
you could measure that that deflection
 

01:22:48.000 --> 01:22:51.590 align:start position:0%
you could measure that that deflection
with<01:22:48.239><c> position</c><01:22:48.719><c> sensors</c><01:22:50.239><c> that</c>

01:22:51.590 --> 01:22:51.600 align:start position:0%
with position sensors that
 

01:22:51.600 --> 01:22:53.750 align:start position:0%
with position sensors that
we're<01:22:51.760><c> seeing</c><01:22:52.000><c> a</c><01:22:52.080><c> lot</c><01:22:52.239><c> of</c><01:22:52.400><c> strain</c><01:22:53.440><c> a</c><01:22:53.520><c> lot</c><01:22:53.679><c> of</c>

01:22:53.750 --> 01:22:53.760 align:start position:0%
we're seeing a lot of strain a lot of
 

01:22:53.760 --> 01:22:54.870 align:start position:0%
we're seeing a lot of strain a lot of
wind<01:22:54.159><c> up</c>

01:22:54.870 --> 01:22:54.880 align:start position:0%
wind up
 

01:22:54.880 --> 01:22:58.310 align:start position:0%
wind up
and<01:22:55.679><c> it</c><01:22:56.080><c> um</c><01:22:57.120><c> was</c><01:22:57.360><c> easier</c><01:22:57.679><c> to</c><01:22:57.760><c> do</c><01:22:58.000><c> without</c><01:22:58.239><c> as</c>

01:22:58.310 --> 01:22:58.320 align:start position:0%
and it um was easier to do without as
 

01:22:58.320 --> 01:22:59.350 align:start position:0%
and it um was easier to do without as
much<01:22:58.560><c> noise</c><01:22:58.880><c> as</c>

01:22:59.350 --> 01:22:59.360 align:start position:0%
much noise as
 

01:22:59.360 --> 01:23:02.390 align:start position:0%
much noise as
in<01:22:59.520><c> the</c><01:22:59.600><c> signal</c><01:23:01.199><c> plus</c><01:23:01.440><c> when</c><01:23:01.679><c> the</c><01:23:01.760><c> robot's</c><01:23:02.239><c> even</c>

01:23:02.390 --> 01:23:02.400 align:start position:0%
in the signal plus when the robot's even
 

01:23:02.400 --> 01:23:03.990 align:start position:0%
in the signal plus when the robot's even
just<01:23:02.560><c> turned</c><01:23:02.880><c> off</c><01:23:03.040><c> by</c><01:23:03.280><c> its</c><01:23:03.440><c> own</c><01:23:03.600><c> business</c><01:23:03.920><c> and</c>

01:23:03.990 --> 01:23:04.000 align:start position:0%
just turned off by its own business and
 

01:23:04.000 --> 01:23:06.870 align:start position:0%
just turned off by its own business and
you<01:23:04.080><c> bump</c><01:23:04.320><c> into</c><01:23:04.560><c> it</c><01:23:04.719><c> it's</c><01:23:04.880><c> soft</c>

01:23:06.870 --> 01:23:06.880 align:start position:0%
you bump into it it's soft
 

01:23:06.880 --> 01:23:10.629 align:start position:0%
you bump into it it's soft
so<01:23:07.360><c> a</c><01:23:07.520><c> great</c><01:23:09.199><c> new</c><01:23:09.440><c> idea</c>

01:23:10.629 --> 01:23:10.639 align:start position:0%
so a great new idea
 

01:23:10.639 --> 01:23:12.550 align:start position:0%
so a great new idea
and<01:23:10.960><c> it</c><01:23:11.040><c> had</c><01:23:11.280><c> a</c><01:23:11.360><c> huge</c><01:23:11.679><c> impact</c><01:23:12.000><c> on</c><01:23:12.159><c> the</c><01:23:12.239><c> design</c>

01:23:12.550 --> 01:23:12.560 align:start position:0%
and it had a huge impact on the design
 

01:23:12.560 --> 01:23:13.990 align:start position:0%
and it had a huge impact on the design
of<01:23:12.719><c> robot</c><01:23:13.120><c> two</c>

01:23:13.990 --> 01:23:14.000 align:start position:0%
of robot two
 

01:23:14.000 --> 01:23:15.750 align:start position:0%
of robot two
so<01:23:14.159><c> i</c><01:23:14.320><c> you</c><01:23:14.480><c> know</c><01:23:14.639><c> i</c><01:23:14.800><c> looked</c><01:23:15.040><c> at</c><01:23:15.120><c> all</c><01:23:15.360><c> the</c>

01:23:15.750 --> 01:23:15.760 align:start position:0%
so i you know i looked at all the
 

01:23:15.760 --> 01:23:18.149 align:start position:0%
so i you know i looked at all the
implementations<01:23:16.560><c> of</c><01:23:16.639><c> sirius</c><01:23:16.960><c> elastic</c><01:23:17.520><c> and</c>

01:23:18.149 --> 01:23:18.159 align:start position:0%
implementations of sirius elastic and
 

01:23:18.159 --> 01:23:20.790 align:start position:0%
implementations of sirius elastic and
most<01:23:18.400><c> of</c><01:23:18.480><c> the</c><01:23:18.639><c> implementations</c><01:23:19.360><c> involved</c>

01:23:20.790 --> 01:23:20.800 align:start position:0%
most of the implementations involved
 

01:23:20.800 --> 01:23:23.510 align:start position:0%
most of the implementations involved
linear<01:23:21.199><c> springs</c><01:23:21.760><c> and</c><01:23:22.000><c> cables</c><01:23:22.480><c> and</c><01:23:22.639><c> pulleys</c>

01:23:23.510 --> 01:23:23.520 align:start position:0%
linear springs and cables and pulleys
 

01:23:23.520 --> 01:23:26.550 align:start position:0%
linear springs and cables and pulleys
like<01:23:23.760><c> at</c><01:23:23.840><c> the</c><01:23:23.920><c> mit</c><01:23:24.320><c> light</c><01:23:24.560><c> lab</c><01:23:26.000><c> but</c><01:23:26.239><c> i</c><01:23:26.320><c> was</c>

01:23:26.550 --> 01:23:26.560 align:start position:0%
like at the mit light lab but i was
 

01:23:26.560 --> 01:23:28.149 align:start position:0%
like at the mit light lab but i was
looking<01:23:26.880><c> for</c>

01:23:28.149 --> 01:23:28.159 align:start position:0%
looking for
 

01:23:28.159 --> 01:23:31.590 align:start position:0%
looking for
something<01:23:30.560><c> more</c><01:23:30.800><c> inline</c>

01:23:31.590 --> 01:23:31.600 align:start position:0%
something more inline
 

01:23:31.600 --> 01:23:34.709 align:start position:0%
something more inline
and<01:23:31.840><c> direct</c><01:23:32.960><c> and</c><01:23:33.120><c> so</c><01:23:33.280><c> we</c><01:23:33.280><c> we</c><01:23:33.760><c> came</c><01:23:34.000><c> up</c><01:23:34.080><c> with</c><01:23:34.320><c> a</c>

01:23:34.709 --> 01:23:34.719 align:start position:0%
and direct and so we we came up with a
 

01:23:34.719 --> 01:23:35.270 align:start position:0%
and direct and so we we came up with a
number<01:23:34.960><c> of</c>

01:23:35.270 --> 01:23:35.280 align:start position:0%
number of
 

01:23:35.280 --> 01:23:38.870 align:start position:0%
number of
very<01:23:35.600><c> novel</c><01:23:36.880><c> uh</c><01:23:37.120><c> series</c><01:23:37.440><c> elastic</c>

01:23:38.870 --> 01:23:38.880 align:start position:0%
very novel uh series elastic
 

01:23:38.880 --> 01:23:42.229 align:start position:0%
very novel uh series elastic
embodiments<01:23:40.320><c> and</c><01:23:41.360><c> for</c><01:23:41.520><c> the</c><01:23:41.600><c> robonaut</c><01:23:42.000><c> 2</c>

01:23:42.229 --> 01:23:42.239 align:start position:0%
embodiments and for the robonaut 2
 

01:23:42.239 --> 01:23:43.270 align:start position:0%
embodiments and for the robonaut 2
project

01:23:43.270 --> 01:23:43.280 align:start position:0%
project
 

01:23:43.280 --> 01:23:46.390 align:start position:0%
project
and<01:23:44.159><c> we're</c><01:23:44.480><c> over</c><01:23:45.040><c> 40</c><01:23:45.360><c> or</c><01:23:45.440><c> 50</c><01:23:45.679><c> patents</c><01:23:46.159><c> now</c>

01:23:46.390 --> 01:23:46.400 align:start position:0%
and we're over 40 or 50 patents now
 

01:23:46.400 --> 01:23:48.310 align:start position:0%
and we're over 40 or 50 patents now
coming<01:23:46.719><c> out</c><01:23:46.800><c> of</c><01:23:46.880><c> that</c><01:23:47.120><c> project</c>

01:23:48.310 --> 01:23:48.320 align:start position:0%
coming out of that project
 

01:23:48.320 --> 01:23:50.629 align:start position:0%
coming out of that project
so<01:23:48.480><c> i</c><01:23:48.560><c> can't</c><01:23:48.719><c> go</c><01:23:48.960><c> into</c><01:23:49.120><c> all</c><01:23:49.360><c> the</c><01:23:49.440><c> details</c><01:23:50.000><c> but</c>

01:23:50.629 --> 01:23:50.639 align:start position:0%
so i can't go into all the details but
 

01:23:50.639 --> 01:23:51.910 align:start position:0%
so i can't go into all the details but
we<01:23:50.880><c> came</c><01:23:51.120><c> up</c><01:23:51.199><c> with</c>

01:23:51.910 --> 01:23:51.920 align:start position:0%
we came up with
 

01:23:51.920 --> 01:23:53.430 align:start position:0%
we came up with
a<01:23:52.080><c> serious</c><01:23:52.400><c> elastic</c><01:23:52.880><c> design</c><01:23:53.199><c> that's</c>

01:23:53.430 --> 01:23:53.440 align:start position:0%
a serious elastic design that's
 

01:23:53.440 --> 01:23:55.510 align:start position:0%
a serious elastic design that's
basically<01:23:53.920><c> one</c><01:23:54.159><c> part</c>

01:23:55.510 --> 01:23:55.520 align:start position:0%
basically one part
 

01:23:55.520 --> 01:23:57.669 align:start position:0%
basically one part
that<01:23:55.920><c> could</c><01:23:56.080><c> be</c><01:23:56.159><c> made</c><01:23:56.560><c> fairly</c><01:23:56.960><c> expensively</c>

01:23:57.669 --> 01:23:57.679 align:start position:0%
that could be made fairly expensively
 

01:23:57.679 --> 01:23:59.430 align:start position:0%
that could be made fairly expensively
and<01:23:57.840><c> it</c><01:23:58.159><c> just</c><01:23:58.400><c> kind</c><01:23:58.560><c> of</c><01:23:58.639><c> simplified</c><01:23:59.120><c> the</c><01:23:59.280><c> whole</c>

01:23:59.430 --> 01:23:59.440 align:start position:0%
and it just kind of simplified the whole
 

01:23:59.440 --> 01:24:03.590 align:start position:0%
and it just kind of simplified the whole
packaging<01:24:00.840><c> down</c>

01:24:03.590 --> 01:24:03.600 align:start position:0%
packaging down
 

01:24:03.600 --> 01:24:05.590 align:start position:0%
packaging down
so<01:24:04.000><c> with</c><01:24:04.400><c> uh</c><01:24:04.800><c> you</c><01:24:04.960><c> know</c><01:24:05.040><c> with</c><01:24:05.120><c> the</c><01:24:05.199><c> robonaut</c>

01:24:05.590 --> 01:24:05.600 align:start position:0%
so with uh you know with the robonaut
 

01:24:05.600 --> 01:24:07.830 align:start position:0%
so with uh you know with the robonaut
ones<01:24:06.000><c> we</c><01:24:06.320><c> already</c><01:24:06.639><c> started</c><01:24:06.960><c> to</c><01:24:07.040><c> go</c><01:24:07.199><c> to</c><01:24:07.360><c> a</c><01:24:07.440><c> very</c>

01:24:07.830 --> 01:24:07.840 align:start position:0%
ones we already started to go to a very
 

01:24:07.840 --> 01:24:10.310 align:start position:0%
ones we already started to go to a very
felt<01:24:08.159><c> design</c><01:24:08.560><c> of</c><01:24:08.639><c> the</c><01:24:08.800><c> manipulator</c><01:24:09.920><c> i</c><01:24:10.080><c> didn't</c>

01:24:10.310 --> 01:24:10.320 align:start position:0%
felt design of the manipulator i didn't
 

01:24:10.320 --> 01:24:13.189 align:start position:0%
felt design of the manipulator i didn't
want

01:24:13.189 --> 01:24:13.199 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:24:13.199 --> 01:24:18.550 align:start position:0%
 
things<01:24:13.520><c> sticking</c><01:24:13.920><c> out</c><01:24:14.320><c> sharp</c><01:24:15.600><c> pinch</c><01:24:15.920><c> points</c>

01:24:18.550 --> 01:24:18.560 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:24:18.560 --> 01:24:20.149 align:start position:0%
 
cylinders<01:24:19.120><c> are</c><01:24:19.199><c> nice</c><01:24:19.520><c> but</c><01:24:19.679><c> when</c><01:24:19.840><c> they</c><01:24:19.920><c> start</c>

01:24:20.149 --> 01:24:20.159 align:start position:0%
cylinders are nice but when they start
 

01:24:20.159 --> 01:24:22.149 align:start position:0%
cylinders are nice but when they start
sticking<01:24:20.560><c> out</c><01:24:20.639><c> at</c><01:24:20.880><c> orthogonal</c><01:24:21.520><c> angles</c><01:24:22.000><c> they</c>

01:24:22.149 --> 01:24:22.159 align:start position:0%
sticking out at orthogonal angles they
 

01:24:22.159 --> 01:24:25.030 align:start position:0%
sticking out at orthogonal angles they
form<01:24:22.480><c> sharp</c><01:24:22.800><c> edges</c>

01:24:25.030 --> 01:24:25.040 align:start position:0%
form sharp edges
 

01:24:25.040 --> 01:24:28.550 align:start position:0%
form sharp edges
i<01:24:25.199><c> didn't</c><01:24:25.440><c> want</c><01:24:25.600><c> to</c><01:24:25.679><c> hurt</c><01:24:26.000><c> people</c><01:24:27.679><c> so</c><01:24:27.920><c> i</c><01:24:28.320><c> also</c>

01:24:28.550 --> 01:24:28.560 align:start position:0%
i didn't want to hurt people so i also
 

01:24:28.560 --> 01:24:30.550 align:start position:0%
i didn't want to hurt people so i also
like<01:24:28.800><c> that</c><01:24:28.960><c> if</c><01:24:29.199><c> skin</c><01:24:29.520><c> coverings</c><01:24:30.080><c> that</c><01:24:30.239><c> are</c>

01:24:30.550 --> 01:24:30.560 align:start position:0%
like that if skin coverings that are
 

01:24:30.560 --> 01:24:34.550 align:start position:0%
like that if skin coverings that are
again<01:24:31.040><c> soft</c><01:24:33.120><c> and</c><01:24:33.520><c> got</c><01:24:33.679><c> a</c><01:24:33.760><c> patented</c><01:24:34.239><c> skin</c>

01:24:34.550 --> 01:24:34.560 align:start position:0%
again soft and got a patented skin
 

01:24:34.560 --> 01:24:36.070 align:start position:0%
again soft and got a patented skin
design<01:24:34.960><c> there</c><01:24:35.120><c> are</c><01:24:35.199><c> a</c><01:24:35.199><c> lot</c><01:24:35.280><c> of</c><01:24:35.440><c> other</c><01:24:35.600><c> benefits</c>

01:24:36.070 --> 01:24:36.080 align:start position:0%
design there are a lot of other benefits
 

01:24:36.080 --> 01:24:39.270 align:start position:0%
design there are a lot of other benefits
to<01:24:36.239><c> skins</c><01:24:36.560><c> on</c><01:24:36.719><c> robots</c><01:24:37.199><c> for</c><01:24:37.360><c> cleanliness</c><01:24:38.080><c> and</c>

01:24:39.270 --> 01:24:39.280 align:start position:0%
to skins on robots for cleanliness and
 

01:24:39.280 --> 01:24:42.709 align:start position:0%
to skins on robots for cleanliness and
emi<01:24:40.080><c> electromagnetic</c><01:24:40.960><c> interference</c><01:24:41.520><c> control</c>

01:24:42.709 --> 01:24:42.719 align:start position:0%
emi electromagnetic interference control
 

01:24:42.719 --> 01:24:47.030 align:start position:0%
emi electromagnetic interference control
but<01:24:43.040><c> safety</c><01:24:43.360><c> is</c><01:24:43.520><c> a</c><01:24:43.600><c> really</c><01:24:43.760><c> good</c><01:24:44.000><c> one</c>

01:24:47.030 --> 01:24:47.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:24:47.040 --> 01:24:49.189 align:start position:0%
 
skins<01:24:47.440><c> can</c><01:24:47.600><c> protect</c><01:24:48.239><c> the</c><01:24:48.320><c> robot</c><01:24:48.719><c> from</c><01:24:48.880><c> a</c><01:24:48.960><c> dirty</c>

01:24:49.189 --> 01:24:49.199 align:start position:0%
skins can protect the robot from a dirty
 

01:24:49.199 --> 01:24:51.510 align:start position:0%
skins can protect the robot from a dirty
environment<01:24:49.760><c> and</c><01:24:49.920><c> vice</c><01:24:50.159><c> versa</c>

01:24:51.510 --> 01:24:51.520 align:start position:0%
environment and vice versa
 

01:24:51.520 --> 01:24:54.470 align:start position:0%
environment and vice versa
so<01:24:52.320><c> we</c><01:24:52.560><c> started</c><01:24:52.960><c> covering</c><01:24:53.440><c> our</c><01:24:53.600><c> robots</c><01:24:54.080><c> and</c>

01:24:54.470 --> 01:24:54.480 align:start position:0%
so we started covering our robots and
 

01:24:54.480 --> 01:24:54.950 align:start position:0%
so we started covering our robots and
getting

01:24:54.950 --> 01:24:54.960 align:start position:0%
getting
 

01:24:54.960 --> 01:24:58.070 align:start position:0%
getting
soft<01:24:55.760><c> fabrics</c><01:24:56.639><c> space</c><01:24:56.960><c> materials</c>

01:24:58.070 --> 01:24:58.080 align:start position:0%
soft fabrics space materials
 

01:24:58.080 --> 01:25:02.149 align:start position:0%
soft fabrics space materials
teflon<01:24:58.800><c> kevlar</c><01:25:00.480><c> effect</c><01:25:00.880><c> tran</c>

01:25:02.149 --> 01:25:02.159 align:start position:0%
teflon kevlar effect tran
 

01:25:02.159 --> 01:25:05.750 align:start position:0%
teflon kevlar effect tran
and<01:25:03.760><c> we've</c><01:25:04.000><c> continued</c><01:25:04.400><c> that</c><01:25:04.560><c> with</c><01:25:04.719><c> robot</c><01:25:05.199><c> too</c>

01:25:05.750 --> 01:25:05.760 align:start position:0%
and we've continued that with robot too
 

01:25:05.760 --> 01:25:08.709 align:start position:0%
and we've continued that with robot too
but<01:25:05.920><c> with</c><01:25:06.159><c> a</c><01:25:06.480><c> soft</c><01:25:06.960><c> core</c><01:25:07.360><c> in</c><01:25:07.440><c> the</c><01:25:07.600><c> drivetrains</c>

01:25:08.709 --> 01:25:08.719 align:start position:0%
but with a soft core in the drivetrains
 

01:25:08.719 --> 01:25:09.910 align:start position:0%
but with a soft core in the drivetrains
you<01:25:08.880><c> don't</c><01:25:09.040><c> need</c><01:25:09.280><c> as</c><01:25:09.360><c> much</c>

01:25:09.910 --> 01:25:09.920 align:start position:0%
you don't need as much
 

01:25:09.920 --> 01:25:12.950 align:start position:0%
you don't need as much
compliance<01:25:10.480><c> in</c><01:25:10.639><c> the</c><01:25:10.719><c> skin</c><01:25:11.280><c> it's</c><01:25:11.440><c> already</c><01:25:12.639><c> soft</c>

01:25:12.950 --> 01:25:12.960 align:start position:0%
compliance in the skin it's already soft
 

01:25:12.960 --> 01:25:14.070 align:start position:0%
compliance in the skin it's already soft
but<01:25:13.120><c> again</c><01:25:13.360><c> we</c>

01:25:14.070 --> 01:25:14.080 align:start position:0%
but again we
 

01:25:14.080 --> 01:25:16.390 align:start position:0%
but again we
if<01:25:14.239><c> you</c><01:25:14.400><c> look</c><01:25:14.560><c> at</c><01:25:14.639><c> the</c><01:25:15.760><c> design</c><01:25:16.159><c> of</c><01:25:16.239><c> the</c>

01:25:16.390 --> 01:25:16.400 align:start position:0%
if you look at the design of the
 

01:25:16.400 --> 01:25:17.669 align:start position:0%
if you look at the design of the
robonauts

01:25:17.669 --> 01:25:17.679 align:start position:0%
robonauts
 

01:25:17.679 --> 01:25:22.390 align:start position:0%
robonauts
they're<01:25:18.080><c> smooth</c><01:25:19.280><c> there</c><01:25:19.440><c> are</c><01:25:19.520><c> no</c><01:25:20.480><c> sharp</c><01:25:20.800><c> edges</c>

01:25:22.390 --> 01:25:22.400 align:start position:0%
they're smooth there are no sharp edges
 

01:25:22.400 --> 01:25:25.510 align:start position:0%
they're smooth there are no sharp edges
protrusions<01:25:23.199><c> that</c><01:25:23.360><c> have</c><01:25:23.920><c> corners</c><01:25:25.199><c> and</c><01:25:25.360><c> if</c><01:25:25.440><c> you</c>

01:25:25.510 --> 01:25:25.520 align:start position:0%
protrusions that have corners and if you
 

01:25:25.520 --> 01:25:27.510 align:start position:0%
protrusions that have corners and if you
look<01:25:25.679><c> at</c><01:25:25.840><c> like</c><01:25:26.080><c> a</c><01:25:26.159><c> welding</c><01:25:26.480><c> robot</c>

01:25:27.510 --> 01:25:27.520 align:start position:0%
look at like a welding robot
 

01:25:27.520 --> 01:25:30.790 align:start position:0%
look at like a welding robot
it's<01:25:27.760><c> lethal</c><01:25:28.239><c> it's</c><01:25:28.400><c> got</c><01:25:28.880><c> 90</c><01:25:29.199><c> degree</c><01:25:29.440><c> angles</c>

01:25:30.790 --> 01:25:30.800 align:start position:0%
it's lethal it's got 90 degree angles
 

01:25:30.800 --> 01:25:34.310 align:start position:0%
it's lethal it's got 90 degree angles
sharp<01:25:31.840><c> and</c><01:25:32.000><c> steel</c>

01:25:34.310 --> 01:25:34.320 align:start position:0%
sharp and steel
 

01:25:34.320 --> 01:25:38.149 align:start position:0%
sharp and steel
bolts<01:25:34.960><c> sticking</c><01:25:35.360><c> out</c><01:25:35.520><c> of</c><01:25:35.679><c> it</c><01:25:37.280><c> here</c>

01:25:38.149 --> 01:25:38.159 align:start position:0%
bolts sticking out of it here
 

01:25:38.159 --> 01:25:40.629 align:start position:0%
bolts sticking out of it here
with<01:25:38.320><c> that</c><01:25:38.560><c> bolt</c><01:25:39.120><c> it</c><01:25:39.280><c> might</c><01:25:39.440><c> as</c><01:25:39.600><c> well</c><01:25:39.760><c> be</c><01:25:40.560><c> you</c>

01:25:40.629 --> 01:25:40.639 align:start position:0%
with that bolt it might as well be you
 

01:25:40.639 --> 01:25:42.870 align:start position:0%
with that bolt it might as well be you
know<01:25:40.960><c> a</c><01:25:41.120><c> knife</c><01:25:41.440><c> blade</c>

01:25:42.870 --> 01:25:42.880 align:start position:0%
know a knife blade
 

01:25:42.880 --> 01:25:44.229 align:start position:0%
know a knife blade
uh<01:25:43.120><c> we</c><01:25:43.440><c> don't</c><01:25:43.600><c> want</c><01:25:43.760><c> any</c><01:25:43.920><c> of</c><01:25:44.000><c> that</c>

01:25:44.229 --> 01:25:44.239 align:start position:0%
uh we don't want any of that
 

01:25:44.239 --> 01:25:46.790 align:start position:0%
uh we don't want any of that
everything's<01:25:44.560><c> got</c><01:25:44.719><c> to</c><01:25:44.800><c> be</c><01:25:44.960><c> smooth</c><01:25:45.360><c> it's</c><01:25:45.679><c> felt</c>

01:25:46.790 --> 01:25:46.800 align:start position:0%
everything's got to be smooth it's felt
 

01:25:46.800 --> 01:25:49.830 align:start position:0%
everything's got to be smooth it's felt
for<01:25:47.199><c> working</c><01:25:47.520><c> around</c><01:25:47.840><c> people</c><01:25:49.360><c> and</c>

01:25:49.830 --> 01:25:49.840 align:start position:0%
for working around people and
 

01:25:49.840 --> 01:25:51.430 align:start position:0%
for working around people and
we've<01:25:50.080><c> really</c><01:25:50.400><c> pushed</c><01:25:50.639><c> that</c><01:25:50.960><c> to</c><01:25:51.120><c> note</c><01:25:51.360><c> the</c>

01:25:51.430 --> 01:25:51.440 align:start position:0%
we've really pushed that to note the
 

01:25:51.440 --> 01:25:54.790 align:start position:0%
we've really pushed that to note the
robonaut<01:25:52.000><c> design</c><01:25:52.320><c> it's</c><01:25:52.719><c> extremely</c><01:25:53.280><c> smooth</c>

01:25:54.790 --> 01:25:54.800 align:start position:0%
robonaut design it's extremely smooth
 

01:25:54.800 --> 01:25:59.030 align:start position:0%
robonaut design it's extremely smooth
and<01:25:56.400><c> compliant</c><01:25:56.960><c> now</c><01:25:57.199><c> also</c>

01:25:59.030 --> 01:25:59.040 align:start position:0%
and compliant now also
 

01:25:59.040 --> 01:26:00.870 align:start position:0%
and compliant now also
and<01:25:59.199><c> i</c><01:25:59.520><c> think</c><01:25:59.679><c> that's</c><01:26:00.000><c> essential</c><01:26:00.400><c> for</c><01:26:00.560><c> working</c>

01:26:00.870 --> 01:26:00.880 align:start position:0%
and i think that's essential for working
 

01:26:00.880 --> 01:26:02.709 align:start position:0%
and i think that's essential for working
with<01:26:01.120><c> people</c><01:26:01.760><c> you</c><01:26:01.840><c> just</c><01:26:02.000><c> don't</c><01:26:02.159><c> want</c><01:26:02.320><c> any</c>

01:26:02.709 --> 01:26:02.719 align:start position:0%
with people you just don't want any
 

01:26:02.719 --> 01:26:05.590 align:start position:0%
with people you just don't want any
sharps<01:26:03.120><c> or</c><01:26:03.199><c> pinch</c><01:26:03.520><c> points</c><01:26:04.639><c> and</c><01:26:04.800><c> that's</c><01:26:05.040><c> a</c><01:26:05.440><c> it</c>

01:26:05.590 --> 01:26:05.600 align:start position:0%
sharps or pinch points and that's a it
 

01:26:05.600 --> 01:26:06.229 align:start position:0%
sharps or pinch points and that's a it
goes<01:26:05.840><c> to</c>

01:26:06.229 --> 01:26:06.239 align:start position:0%
goes to
 

01:26:06.239 --> 01:26:09.110 align:start position:0%
goes to
the<01:26:06.400><c> nasa</c><01:26:06.960><c> design</c><01:26:07.440><c> philosophies</c><01:26:08.000><c> before</c>

01:26:09.110 --> 01:26:09.120 align:start position:0%
the nasa design philosophies before
 

01:26:09.120 --> 01:26:10.709 align:start position:0%
the nasa design philosophies before
space<01:26:09.360><c> hardware</c>

01:26:10.709 --> 01:26:10.719 align:start position:0%
space hardware
 

01:26:10.719 --> 01:26:14.870 align:start position:0%
space hardware
is<01:26:11.040><c> certified</c><01:26:13.040><c> we</c><01:26:13.280><c> go</c><01:26:13.600><c> over</c><01:26:13.840><c> it</c><01:26:13.920><c> with</c><01:26:14.159><c> a</c><01:26:14.400><c> swatch</c>

01:26:14.870 --> 01:26:14.880 align:start position:0%
is certified we go over it with a swatch
 

01:26:14.880 --> 01:26:15.830 align:start position:0%
is certified we go over it with a swatch
cloth

01:26:15.830 --> 01:26:15.840 align:start position:0%
cloth
 

01:26:15.840 --> 01:26:18.310 align:start position:0%
cloth
and<01:26:16.080><c> look</c><01:26:16.239><c> for</c><01:26:16.400><c> any</c><01:26:16.639><c> burrs</c><01:26:17.040><c> or</c><01:26:17.199><c> sharp</c><01:26:17.520><c> edges</c>

01:26:18.310 --> 01:26:18.320 align:start position:0%
and look for any burrs or sharp edges
 

01:26:18.320 --> 01:26:21.030 align:start position:0%
and look for any burrs or sharp edges
that<01:26:18.560><c> could</c><01:26:18.800><c> cut</c><01:26:19.120><c> an</c><01:26:19.280><c> astronaut</c><01:26:19.679><c> spacesuit</c>

01:26:21.030 --> 01:26:21.040 align:start position:0%
that could cut an astronaut spacesuit
 

01:26:21.040 --> 01:26:23.750 align:start position:0%
that could cut an astronaut spacesuit
and<01:26:21.199><c> kill</c><01:26:21.440><c> them</c><01:26:21.920><c> so</c><01:26:22.480><c> you</c><01:26:22.560><c> know</c><01:26:22.800><c> we</c><01:26:23.440><c> don't</c><01:26:23.600><c> want</c>

01:26:23.750 --> 01:26:23.760 align:start position:0%
and kill them so you know we don't want
 

01:26:23.760 --> 01:26:24.390 align:start position:0%
and kill them so you know we don't want
that<01:26:24.080><c> so</c>

01:26:24.390 --> 01:26:24.400 align:start position:0%
that so
 

01:26:24.400 --> 01:26:26.390 align:start position:0%
that so
everything's<01:26:24.800><c> got</c><01:26:24.960><c> to</c><01:26:25.040><c> be</c><01:26:25.199><c> smooth</c><01:26:26.159><c> i</c><01:26:26.239><c> think</c>

01:26:26.390 --> 01:26:26.400 align:start position:0%
everything's got to be smooth i think
 

01:26:26.400 --> 01:26:27.750 align:start position:0%
everything's got to be smooth i think
that's<01:26:26.639><c> really</c><01:26:26.880><c> important</c><01:26:27.360><c> for</c>

01:26:27.750 --> 01:26:27.760 align:start position:0%
that's really important for
 

01:26:27.760 --> 01:26:29.270 align:start position:0%
that's really important for
the<01:26:27.920><c> future</c><01:26:28.239><c> of</c><01:26:28.320><c> robots</c><01:26:28.800><c> working</c><01:26:29.040><c> around</c>

01:26:29.270 --> 01:26:29.280 align:start position:0%
the future of robots working around
 

01:26:29.280 --> 01:26:32.709 align:start position:0%
the future of robots working around
people<01:26:30.320><c> is</c><01:26:30.560><c> they</c><01:26:30.719><c> just</c><01:26:30.960><c> need</c><01:26:31.120><c> to</c><01:26:31.199><c> be</c>

01:26:32.709 --> 01:26:32.719 align:start position:0%
people is they just need to be
 

01:26:32.719 --> 01:26:36.149 align:start position:0%
people is they just need to be
soft<01:26:33.120><c> and</c><01:26:34.840><c> smooth</c>

01:26:36.149 --> 01:26:36.159 align:start position:0%
soft and smooth
 

01:26:36.159 --> 01:26:39.510 align:start position:0%
soft and smooth
uh<01:26:37.600><c> easy</c><01:26:38.320><c> to</c><01:26:38.480><c> bump</c><01:26:38.719><c> into</c><01:26:39.120><c> and</c><01:26:39.199><c> not</c>

01:26:39.510 --> 01:26:39.520 align:start position:0%
uh easy to bump into and not
 

01:26:39.520 --> 01:26:42.790 align:start position:0%
uh easy to bump into and not
not<01:26:39.760><c> cause</c><01:26:40.000><c> a</c><01:26:40.080><c> problem</c><01:26:42.000><c> also</c><01:26:42.239><c> helps</c><01:26:42.560><c> when</c><01:26:42.719><c> the</c>

01:26:42.790 --> 01:26:42.800 align:start position:0%
not cause a problem also helps when the
 

01:26:42.800 --> 01:26:44.470 align:start position:0%
not cause a problem also helps when the
robot<01:26:43.120><c> bumps</c><01:26:43.360><c> into</c><01:26:43.600><c> things</c><01:26:44.000><c> that</c><01:26:44.159><c> are</c><01:26:44.239><c> not</c>

01:26:44.470 --> 01:26:44.480 align:start position:0%
robot bumps into things that are not
 

01:26:44.480 --> 01:26:45.350 align:start position:0%
robot bumps into things that are not
people

01:26:45.350 --> 01:26:45.360 align:start position:0%
people
 

01:26:45.360 --> 01:26:49.030 align:start position:0%
people
it<01:26:45.520><c> bumps</c><01:26:45.760><c> into</c><01:26:46.000><c> itself</c><01:26:46.960><c> if</c><01:26:47.120><c> a</c><01:26:47.199><c> robot's</c><01:26:47.920><c> elbow</c>

01:26:49.030 --> 01:26:49.040 align:start position:0%
it bumps into itself if a robot's elbow
 

01:26:49.040 --> 01:26:51.030 align:start position:0%
it bumps into itself if a robot's elbow
touches<01:26:49.440><c> its</c><01:26:49.679><c> torso</c><01:26:50.480><c> it's</c><01:26:50.639><c> usually</c><01:26:50.880><c> a</c>

01:26:51.030 --> 01:26:51.040 align:start position:0%
touches its torso it's usually a
 

01:26:51.040 --> 01:26:53.590 align:start position:0%
touches its torso it's usually a
disaster

01:26:53.590 --> 01:26:53.600 align:start position:0%
disaster
 

01:26:53.600 --> 01:26:55.510 align:start position:0%
disaster
you<01:26:53.679><c> know</c><01:26:53.760><c> it's</c><01:26:54.560><c> it's</c><01:26:54.719><c> got</c><01:26:54.800><c> a</c><01:26:54.880><c> scrape</c><01:26:55.199><c> on</c><01:26:55.360><c> its</c>

01:26:55.510 --> 01:26:55.520 align:start position:0%
you know it's it's got a scrape on its
 

01:26:55.520 --> 01:26:57.030 align:start position:0%
you know it's it's got a scrape on its
elbow<01:26:55.760><c> it's</c><01:26:55.840><c> got</c><01:26:55.920><c> a</c><01:26:56.000><c> scrape</c><01:26:56.239><c> on</c><01:26:56.320><c> its</c><01:26:56.480><c> torso</c><01:26:56.880><c> and</c>

01:26:57.030 --> 01:26:57.040 align:start position:0%
elbow it's got a scrape on its torso and
 

01:26:57.040 --> 01:26:57.750 align:start position:0%
elbow it's got a scrape on its torso and
it<01:26:57.120><c> probably</c>

01:26:57.750 --> 01:26:57.760 align:start position:0%
it probably
 

01:26:57.760 --> 01:27:00.229 align:start position:0%
it probably
ripped<01:26:58.080><c> its</c><01:26:58.400><c> shoulder</c><01:26:58.800><c> apart</c><01:26:59.920><c> because</c><01:27:00.080><c> that's</c>

01:27:00.229 --> 01:27:00.239 align:start position:0%
ripped its shoulder apart because that's
 

01:27:00.239 --> 01:27:01.669 align:start position:0%
ripped its shoulder apart because that's
where<01:27:00.400><c> all</c><01:27:00.560><c> the</c><01:27:00.639><c> torque</c><01:27:00.960><c> was</c>

01:27:01.669 --> 01:27:01.679 align:start position:0%
where all the torque was
 

01:27:01.679 --> 01:27:04.149 align:start position:0%
where all the torque was
so<01:27:01.920><c> it's</c><01:27:02.000><c> got</c><01:27:02.639><c> typically</c><01:27:03.120><c> three</c><01:27:03.360><c> injuries</c>

01:27:04.149 --> 01:27:04.159 align:start position:0%
so it's got typically three injuries
 

01:27:04.159 --> 01:27:05.669 align:start position:0%
so it's got typically three injuries
just<01:27:04.400><c> from</c><01:27:04.560><c> bumping</c><01:27:04.960><c> its</c>

01:27:05.669 --> 01:27:05.679 align:start position:0%
just from bumping its
 

01:27:05.679 --> 01:27:09.750 align:start position:0%
just from bumping its
torso<01:27:07.360><c> and</c><01:27:07.920><c> humans</c><01:27:08.239><c> do</c><01:27:08.400><c> this</c><01:27:08.560><c> all</c><01:27:08.719><c> the</c><01:27:08.800><c> time</c>

01:27:09.750 --> 01:27:09.760 align:start position:0%
torso and humans do this all the time
 

01:27:09.760 --> 01:27:12.229 align:start position:0%
torso and humans do this all the time
it's<01:27:10.000><c> actually</c><01:27:10.800><c> comfortable</c><01:27:11.600><c> because</c><01:27:12.080><c> the</c>

01:27:12.229 --> 01:27:12.239 align:start position:0%
it's actually comfortable because the
 

01:27:12.239 --> 01:27:13.430 align:start position:0%
it's actually comfortable because the
end<01:27:12.400><c> of</c><01:27:12.480><c> the</c><01:27:12.639><c> stroke</c><01:27:13.040><c> of</c>

01:27:13.430 --> 01:27:13.440 align:start position:0%
end of the stroke of
 

01:27:13.440 --> 01:27:15.590 align:start position:0%
end of the stroke of
your<01:27:13.679><c> arm</c><01:27:14.480><c> perfectly</c><01:27:14.880><c> reasonable</c><01:27:15.280><c> for</c><01:27:15.440><c> your</c>

01:27:15.590 --> 01:27:15.600 align:start position:0%
your arm perfectly reasonable for your
 

01:27:15.600 --> 01:27:17.350 align:start position:0%
your arm perfectly reasonable for your
arm<01:27:15.760><c> to</c><01:27:15.920><c> touch</c><01:27:16.080><c> your</c><01:27:16.239><c> torso</c><01:27:16.719><c> shouldn't</c><01:27:17.120><c> be</c><01:27:17.280><c> a</c>

01:27:17.350 --> 01:27:17.360 align:start position:0%
arm to touch your torso shouldn't be a
 

01:27:17.360 --> 01:27:18.790 align:start position:0%
arm to touch your torso shouldn't be a
disaster

01:27:18.790 --> 01:27:18.800 align:start position:0%
disaster
 

01:27:18.800 --> 01:27:21.669 align:start position:0%
disaster
and<01:27:18.880><c> yet</c><01:27:19.120><c> it</c><01:27:19.280><c> is</c><01:27:19.440><c> in</c><01:27:19.520><c> most</c><01:27:19.760><c> robots</c><01:27:20.560><c> it's</c><01:27:21.440><c> the</c>

01:27:21.669 --> 01:27:21.679 align:start position:0%
and yet it is in most robots it's the
 

01:27:21.679 --> 01:27:23.430 align:start position:0%
and yet it is in most robots it's the
robots<01:27:22.080><c> have</c><01:27:22.239><c> their</c><01:27:22.320><c> elbows</c><01:27:22.719><c> out</c><01:27:22.800><c> like</c><01:27:23.040><c> this</c>

01:27:23.430 --> 01:27:23.440 align:start position:0%
robots have their elbows out like this
 

01:27:23.440 --> 01:27:25.910 align:start position:0%
robots have their elbows out like this
because<01:27:24.320><c> they</c><01:27:24.480><c> don't</c><01:27:24.560><c> want</c><01:27:24.719><c> to</c><01:27:24.800><c> touch</c>

01:27:25.910 --> 01:27:25.920 align:start position:0%
because they don't want to touch
 

01:27:25.920 --> 01:27:27.350 align:start position:0%
because they don't want to touch
anything

01:27:27.350 --> 01:27:27.360 align:start position:0%
anything
 

01:27:27.360 --> 01:27:30.629 align:start position:0%
anything
and<01:27:28.080><c> that's</c><01:27:28.480><c> that's</c><01:27:28.719><c> horrible</c><01:27:29.840><c> if</c><01:27:30.159><c> our</c><01:27:30.400><c> arm</c>

01:27:30.629 --> 01:27:30.639 align:start position:0%
and that's that's horrible if our arm
 

01:27:30.639 --> 01:27:32.149 align:start position:0%
and that's that's horrible if our arm
reaches<01:27:31.040><c> in</c><01:27:31.199><c> and</c><01:27:31.280><c> bumps</c><01:27:31.600><c> something</c>

01:27:32.149 --> 01:27:32.159 align:start position:0%
reaches in and bumps something
 

01:27:32.159 --> 01:27:34.950 align:start position:0%
reaches in and bumps something
it<01:27:32.400><c> should</c><01:27:32.560><c> be</c><01:27:32.719><c> no</c><01:27:32.880><c> big</c><01:27:33.040><c> deal</c><01:27:34.239><c> but</c><01:27:34.480><c> if</c><01:27:34.560><c> it's</c><01:27:34.719><c> got</c>

01:27:34.950 --> 01:27:34.960 align:start position:0%
it should be no big deal but if it's got
 

01:27:34.960 --> 01:27:37.510 align:start position:0%
it should be no big deal but if it's got
a<01:27:35.040><c> bunch</c><01:27:35.280><c> of</c><01:27:35.440><c> wires</c><01:27:36.000><c> or</c><01:27:36.159><c> sharp</c><01:27:36.480><c> edges</c><01:27:36.960><c> or</c><01:27:37.120><c> snag</c>

01:27:37.510 --> 01:27:37.520 align:start position:0%
a bunch of wires or sharp edges or snag
 

01:27:37.520 --> 01:27:38.950 align:start position:0%
a bunch of wires or sharp edges or snag
points

01:27:38.950 --> 01:27:38.960 align:start position:0%
points
 

01:27:38.960 --> 01:27:46.550 align:start position:0%
points
keep<01:27:39.120><c> it</c><01:27:39.280><c> away</c><01:27:39.520><c> from</c><01:27:44.840><c> me</c>

01:27:46.550 --> 01:27:46.560 align:start position:0%
keep it away from me
 

01:27:46.560 --> 01:27:49.430 align:start position:0%
keep it away from me
with<01:27:46.800><c> the</c><01:27:47.120><c> nri</c><01:27:47.760><c> there's</c><01:27:48.320><c> a</c><01:27:48.400><c> lot</c><01:27:48.639><c> of</c><01:27:48.800><c> focus</c><01:27:49.199><c> now</c>

01:27:49.430 --> 01:27:49.440 align:start position:0%
with the nri there's a lot of focus now
 

01:27:49.440 --> 01:27:52.310 align:start position:0%
with the nri there's a lot of focus now
on<01:27:49.520><c> these</c><01:27:49.760><c> kind</c><01:27:50.000><c> of</c><01:27:50.159><c> co-robotic</c><01:27:50.960><c> applications</c>

01:27:52.310 --> 01:27:52.320 align:start position:0%
on these kind of co-robotic applications
 

01:27:52.320 --> 01:27:55.350 align:start position:0%
on these kind of co-robotic applications
um<01:27:53.199><c> so</c><01:27:54.000><c> do</c><01:27:54.159><c> you</c><01:27:54.239><c> have</c><01:27:54.400><c> a</c><01:27:54.560><c> feeling</c><01:27:54.800><c> for</c><01:27:55.040><c> over</c>

01:27:55.350 --> 01:27:55.360 align:start position:0%
um so do you have a feeling for over
 

01:27:55.360 --> 01:27:56.229 align:start position:0%
um so do you have a feeling for over
time<01:27:55.760><c> how</c>

01:27:56.229 --> 01:27:56.239 align:start position:0%
time how
 

01:27:56.239 --> 01:28:00.070 align:start position:0%
time how
in<01:27:56.400><c> the</c><01:27:56.560><c> community</c><01:27:57.520><c> this</c><01:27:58.159><c> this</c><01:27:59.120><c> um</c>

01:28:00.070 --> 01:28:00.080 align:start position:0%
in the community this this um
 

01:28:00.080 --> 01:28:02.629 align:start position:0%
in the community this this um
interest<01:28:00.480><c> in</c><01:28:00.639><c> more</c><01:28:01.000><c> human-oriented</c><01:28:02.000><c> systems</c>

01:28:02.629 --> 01:28:02.639 align:start position:0%
interest in more human-oriented systems
 

01:28:02.639 --> 01:28:05.270 align:start position:0%
interest in more human-oriented systems
has<01:28:02.880><c> developed</c>

01:28:05.270 --> 01:28:05.280 align:start position:0%
has developed
 

01:28:05.280 --> 01:28:07.350 align:start position:0%
has developed
versus<01:28:06.159><c> focusing</c><01:28:06.639><c> on</c><01:28:06.800><c> the</c><01:28:06.880><c> ones</c><01:28:07.120><c> that</c><01:28:07.280><c> are</c>

01:28:07.350 --> 01:28:07.360 align:start position:0%
versus focusing on the ones that are
 

01:28:07.360 --> 01:28:09.110 align:start position:0%
versus focusing on the ones that are
more<01:28:07.600><c> autonomous</c><01:28:08.159><c> and</c><01:28:08.320><c> have</c><01:28:08.480><c> their</c><01:28:08.719><c> own</c><01:28:08.960><c> kind</c>

01:28:09.110 --> 01:28:09.120 align:start position:0%
more autonomous and have their own kind
 

01:28:09.120 --> 01:28:09.750 align:start position:0%
more autonomous and have their own kind
of

01:28:09.750 --> 01:28:09.760 align:start position:0%
of
 

01:28:09.760 --> 01:28:12.870 align:start position:0%
of
closed<01:28:10.880><c> environment</c><01:28:11.760><c> well</c><01:28:12.400><c> that's</c><01:28:12.719><c> what</c>

01:28:12.870 --> 01:28:12.880 align:start position:0%
closed environment well that's what
 

01:28:12.880 --> 01:28:14.310 align:start position:0%
closed environment well that's what
we've<01:28:13.040><c> always</c><01:28:13.280><c> been</c><01:28:13.440><c> focused</c><01:28:13.840><c> on</c><01:28:13.920><c> at</c><01:28:14.000><c> the</c><01:28:14.080><c> john</c>

01:28:14.310 --> 01:28:14.320 align:start position:0%
we've always been focused on at the john
 

01:28:14.320 --> 01:28:15.030 align:start position:0%
we've always been focused on at the john
space<01:28:14.560><c> center</c>

01:28:15.030 --> 01:28:15.040 align:start position:0%
space center
 

01:28:15.040 --> 01:28:17.990 align:start position:0%
space center
uh<01:28:15.199><c> robots</c><01:28:15.600><c> for</c><01:28:15.760><c> working</c><01:28:16.000><c> with</c><01:28:16.239><c> people</c><01:28:16.639><c> is</c><01:28:17.199><c> our</c>

01:28:17.990 --> 01:28:18.000 align:start position:0%
uh robots for working with people is our
 

01:28:18.000 --> 01:28:18.950 align:start position:0%
uh robots for working with people is our
our<01:28:18.159><c> deal</c>

01:28:18.950 --> 01:28:18.960 align:start position:0%
our deal
 

01:28:18.960 --> 01:28:20.229 align:start position:0%
our deal
so<01:28:19.120><c> we're</c><01:28:19.360><c> really</c><01:28:19.520><c> happy</c><01:28:19.840><c> the</c><01:28:19.920><c> rest</c><01:28:20.080><c> of</c><01:28:20.159><c> the</c>

01:28:20.229 --> 01:28:20.239 align:start position:0%
so we're really happy the rest of the
 

01:28:20.239 --> 01:28:23.030 align:start position:0%
so we're really happy the rest of the
world<01:28:20.480><c> now</c><01:28:20.719><c> thinks</c><01:28:20.960><c> it's</c><01:28:21.120><c> a</c><01:28:21.199><c> good</c><01:28:21.360><c> idea</c><01:28:21.679><c> too</c>

01:28:23.030 --> 01:28:23.040 align:start position:0%
world now thinks it's a good idea too
 

01:28:23.040 --> 01:28:24.790 align:start position:0%
world now thinks it's a good idea too
i've<01:28:23.199><c> been</c><01:28:23.360><c> working</c><01:28:23.679><c> i'm</c><01:28:23.840><c> the</c><01:28:24.159><c> nasa</c><01:28:24.480><c> point</c><01:28:24.719><c> of</c>

01:28:24.790 --> 01:28:24.800 align:start position:0%
i've been working i'm the nasa point of
 

01:28:24.800 --> 01:28:26.390 align:start position:0%
i've been working i'm the nasa point of
contact<01:28:25.199><c> for</c><01:28:25.360><c> the</c><01:28:25.679><c> national</c><01:28:25.920><c> robotics</c>

01:28:26.390 --> 01:28:26.400 align:start position:0%
contact for the national robotics
 

01:28:26.400 --> 01:28:27.350 align:start position:0%
contact for the national robotics
initiative

01:28:27.350 --> 01:28:27.360 align:start position:0%
initiative
 

01:28:27.360 --> 01:28:29.110 align:start position:0%
initiative
and i've<01:28:27.600><c> been</c><01:28:27.679><c> working</c><01:28:28.320><c> with</c><01:28:28.560><c> the</c><01:28:28.719><c> office</c><01:28:29.040><c> of</c>

01:28:29.110 --> 01:28:29.120 align:start position:0%
and i've been working with the office of
 

01:28:29.120 --> 01:28:31.430 align:start position:0%
and i've been working with the office of
science<01:28:29.440><c> and</c><01:28:29.520><c> technology</c><01:28:30.080><c> policy</c>

01:28:31.430 --> 01:28:31.440 align:start position:0%
science and technology policy
 

01:28:31.440 --> 01:28:34.950 align:start position:0%
science and technology policy
to<01:28:33.120><c> get</c><01:28:33.280><c> it</c><01:28:33.360><c> moving</c><01:28:34.400><c> i</c>

01:28:34.950 --> 01:28:34.960 align:start position:0%
to get it moving i
 

01:28:34.960 --> 01:28:37.110 align:start position:0%
to get it moving i
when<01:28:35.120><c> i</c><01:28:35.600><c> read</c><01:28:35.840><c> some</c><01:28:36.000><c> of</c><01:28:36.159><c> the</c><01:28:36.560><c> early</c><01:28:36.880><c> white</c>

01:28:37.110 --> 01:28:37.120 align:start position:0%
when i read some of the early white
 

01:28:37.120 --> 01:28:39.350 align:start position:0%
when i read some of the early white
papers<01:28:37.600><c> on</c><01:28:37.840><c> co-robotics</c>

01:28:39.350 --> 01:28:39.360 align:start position:0%
papers on co-robotics
 

01:28:39.360 --> 01:28:41.750 align:start position:0%
papers on co-robotics
it<01:28:39.520><c> was</c><01:28:39.679><c> like</c><01:28:39.840><c> i'd</c><01:28:40.080><c> written</c><01:28:40.320><c> them</c><01:28:40.560><c> myself</c><01:28:41.600><c> it</c>

01:28:41.750 --> 01:28:41.760 align:start position:0%
it was like i'd written them myself it
 

01:28:41.760 --> 01:28:43.270 align:start position:0%
it was like i'd written them myself it
was<01:28:42.000><c> just</c><01:28:42.239><c> they</c><01:28:42.400><c> were</c><01:28:42.560><c> wonderful</c>

01:28:43.270 --> 01:28:43.280 align:start position:0%
was just they were wonderful
 

01:28:43.280 --> 01:28:46.310 align:start position:0%
was just they were wonderful
a<01:28:43.520><c> lot</c><01:28:43.679><c> of</c><01:28:44.719><c> really</c><01:28:45.360><c> solid</c><01:28:45.760><c> thinking</c>

01:28:46.310 --> 01:28:46.320 align:start position:0%
a lot of really solid thinking
 

01:28:46.320 --> 01:28:49.350 align:start position:0%
a lot of really solid thinking
had<01:28:46.480><c> gone</c><01:28:46.800><c> into</c><01:28:48.080><c> some</c><01:28:48.239><c> of</c><01:28:48.320><c> the</c><01:28:48.480><c> ideas</c>

01:28:49.350 --> 01:28:49.360 align:start position:0%
had gone into some of the ideas
 

01:28:49.360 --> 01:28:51.270 align:start position:0%
had gone into some of the ideas
i<01:28:49.600><c> asked</c><01:28:50.000><c> let</c><01:28:50.159><c> me</c><01:28:50.320><c> let</c><01:28:50.480><c> me</c><01:28:50.639><c> write</c><01:28:50.880><c> an</c><01:28:51.040><c> extra</c>

01:28:51.270 --> 01:28:51.280 align:start position:0%
i asked let me let me write an extra
 

01:28:51.280 --> 01:28:52.790 align:start position:0%
i asked let me let me write an extra
section<01:28:51.600><c> it</c><01:28:51.679><c> was</c><01:28:51.760><c> like</c><01:28:52.000><c> a</c><01:28:52.159><c> worker</c><01:28:52.719><c> and</c>

01:28:52.790 --> 01:28:52.800 align:start position:0%
section it was like a worker and
 

01:28:52.800 --> 01:28:54.830 align:start position:0%
section it was like a worker and
co-protector

01:28:54.830 --> 01:28:54.840 align:start position:0%
co-protector
 

01:28:54.840 --> 01:28:57.910 align:start position:0%
co-protector
inhabitant<01:28:56.320><c> and</c><01:28:56.480><c> i</c><01:28:56.560><c> said</c><01:28:56.719><c> well</c><01:28:56.800><c> let</c><01:28:56.960><c> me</c><01:28:57.520><c> let</c><01:28:57.679><c> me</c>

01:28:57.910 --> 01:28:57.920 align:start position:0%
inhabitant and i said well let me let me
 

01:28:57.920 --> 01:29:00.390 align:start position:0%
inhabitant and i said well let me let me
write<01:28:58.080><c> one</c><01:28:58.239><c> on</c><01:28:58.400><c> co-explorer</c>

01:29:00.390 --> 01:29:00.400 align:start position:0%
write one on co-explorer
 

01:29:00.400 --> 01:29:04.709 align:start position:0%
write one on co-explorer
so<01:29:00.960><c> i</c><01:29:01.520><c> i</c><01:29:02.239><c> put</c><01:29:02.719><c> a</c><01:29:02.800><c> few</c><01:29:02.960><c> pages</c><01:29:03.360><c> on</c><01:29:03.520><c> that</c>

01:29:04.709 --> 01:29:04.719 align:start position:0%
so i i put a few pages on that
 

01:29:04.719 --> 01:29:09.270 align:start position:0%
so i i put a few pages on that
and<01:29:06.960><c> as</c><01:29:07.600><c> i</c><01:29:07.760><c> then</c><01:29:08.000><c> started</c><01:29:08.400><c> to</c><01:29:08.560><c> talk</c><01:29:08.800><c> to</c><01:29:08.960><c> several</c>

01:29:09.270 --> 01:29:09.280 align:start position:0%
and as i then started to talk to several
 

01:29:09.280 --> 01:29:11.510 align:start position:0%
and as i then started to talk to several
of the<01:29:09.440><c> other</c><01:29:09.679><c> agencies</c>

01:29:11.510 --> 01:29:11.520 align:start position:0%
of the other agencies
 

01:29:11.520 --> 01:29:12.870 align:start position:0%
of the other agencies
other<01:29:11.760><c> government</c><01:29:12.320><c> federal</c><01:29:12.560><c> government</c>

01:29:12.870 --> 01:29:12.880 align:start position:0%
other government federal government
 

01:29:12.880 --> 01:29:15.510 align:start position:0%
other government federal government
agencies<01:29:13.360><c> about</c><01:29:14.480><c> the</c>

01:29:15.510 --> 01:29:15.520 align:start position:0%
agencies about the
 

01:29:15.520 --> 01:29:18.070 align:start position:0%
agencies about the
initiative<01:29:16.719><c> they</c><01:29:16.880><c> could</c><01:29:17.120><c> all</c><01:29:17.440><c> kind</c><01:29:17.600><c> of</c><01:29:17.760><c> relate</c>

01:29:18.070 --> 01:29:18.080 align:start position:0%
initiative they could all kind of relate
 

01:29:18.080 --> 01:29:18.870 align:start position:0%
initiative they could all kind of relate
to<01:29:18.320><c> it</c>

01:29:18.870 --> 01:29:18.880 align:start position:0%
to it
 

01:29:18.880 --> 01:29:21.750 align:start position:0%
to it
that<01:29:19.040><c> they</c><01:29:19.280><c> all</c><01:29:19.440><c> had</c><01:29:19.760><c> some</c><01:29:20.159><c> aspect</c><01:29:21.360><c> that</c><01:29:21.520><c> was</c>

01:29:21.750 --> 01:29:21.760 align:start position:0%
that they all had some aspect that was
 

01:29:21.760 --> 01:29:22.950 align:start position:0%
that they all had some aspect that was
important<01:29:22.080><c> to</c><01:29:22.239><c> them</c>

01:29:22.950 --> 01:29:22.960 align:start position:0%
important to them
 

01:29:22.960 --> 01:29:25.830 align:start position:0%
important to them
the<01:29:23.040><c> nih</c><01:29:23.600><c> just</c><01:29:23.679><c> has</c><01:29:24.000><c> great</c><01:29:25.040><c> applications</c><01:29:25.679><c> for</c>

01:29:25.830 --> 01:29:25.840 align:start position:0%
the nih just has great applications for
 

01:29:25.840 --> 01:29:28.229 align:start position:0%
the nih just has great applications for
robots<01:29:26.239><c> working</c><01:29:26.480><c> with</c><01:29:26.639><c> people</c><01:29:26.880><c> obviously</c>

01:29:28.229 --> 01:29:28.239 align:start position:0%
robots working with people obviously
 

01:29:28.239 --> 01:29:30.790 align:start position:0%
robots working with people obviously
um<01:29:28.880><c> in</c><01:29:29.040><c> a</c><01:29:29.360><c> nasa</c><01:29:29.760><c> i've</c><01:29:30.080><c> already</c><01:29:30.320><c> gone</c><01:29:30.560><c> over</c><01:29:30.719><c> a</c>

01:29:30.790 --> 01:29:30.800 align:start position:0%
um in a nasa i've already gone over a
 

01:29:30.800 --> 01:29:31.430 align:start position:0%
um in a nasa i've already gone over a
lot<01:29:30.960><c> of</c>

01:29:31.430 --> 01:29:31.440 align:start position:0%
lot of
 

01:29:31.440 --> 01:29:34.629 align:start position:0%
lot of
a<01:29:31.520><c> lot</c><01:29:31.760><c> of</c><01:29:31.840><c> the</c><01:29:31.920><c> ideas</c><01:29:32.480><c> but</c>

01:29:34.629 --> 01:29:34.639 align:start position:0%
a lot of the ideas but
 

01:29:34.639 --> 01:29:36.950 align:start position:0%
a lot of the ideas but
what<01:29:34.800><c> i</c><01:29:35.360><c> wanted</c><01:29:35.679><c> was</c><01:29:35.920><c> each</c><01:29:36.159><c> agency</c><01:29:36.560><c> to</c><01:29:36.639><c> kind</c><01:29:36.800><c> of</c>

01:29:36.950 --> 01:29:36.960 align:start position:0%
what i wanted was each agency to kind of
 

01:29:36.960 --> 01:29:37.990 align:start position:0%
what i wanted was each agency to kind of
see<01:29:37.199><c> itself</c><01:29:37.600><c> in</c><01:29:37.679><c> that</c>

01:29:37.990 --> 01:29:38.000 align:start position:0%
see itself in that
 

01:29:38.000 --> 01:29:40.870 align:start position:0%
see itself in that
theme<01:29:39.040><c> and</c><01:29:39.199><c> pick</c><01:29:39.440><c> out</c><01:29:39.840><c> the</c><01:29:40.159><c> aspects</c><01:29:40.639><c> of</c><01:29:40.800><c> it</c>

01:29:40.870 --> 01:29:40.880 align:start position:0%
theme and pick out the aspects of it
 

01:29:40.880 --> 01:29:42.470 align:start position:0%
theme and pick out the aspects of it
that<01:29:41.040><c> were</c><01:29:41.199><c> important</c><01:29:41.600><c> for</c><01:29:41.760><c> that</c><01:29:42.000><c> agency's</c>

01:29:42.470 --> 01:29:42.480 align:start position:0%
that were important for that agency's
 

01:29:42.480 --> 01:29:43.669 align:start position:0%
that were important for that agency's
mission

01:29:43.669 --> 01:29:43.679 align:start position:0%
mission
 

01:29:43.679 --> 01:29:46.470 align:start position:0%
mission
and<01:29:44.719><c> it</c><01:29:45.280><c> was</c><01:29:45.520><c> actually</c><01:29:45.840><c> pretty</c><01:29:46.080><c> easy</c><01:29:46.320><c> for</c>

01:29:46.470 --> 01:29:46.480 align:start position:0%
and it was actually pretty easy for
 

01:29:46.480 --> 01:29:47.990 align:start position:0%
and it was actually pretty easy for
everybody<01:29:46.880><c> to</c><01:29:47.040><c> do</c>

01:29:47.990 --> 01:29:48.000 align:start position:0%
everybody to do
 

01:29:48.000 --> 01:29:49.910 align:start position:0%
everybody to do
and<01:29:48.239><c> one</c><01:29:48.400><c> of</c><01:29:48.480><c> the</c><01:29:48.719><c> the</c><01:29:49.199><c> things</c><01:29:49.440><c> that</c><01:29:49.520><c> was</c><01:29:49.679><c> the</c>

01:29:49.910 --> 01:29:49.920 align:start position:0%
and one of the the things that was the
 

01:29:49.920 --> 01:29:51.430 align:start position:0%
and one of the the things that was the
probably<01:29:50.159><c> the</c><01:29:50.239><c> core</c><01:29:50.719><c> value</c>

01:29:51.430 --> 01:29:51.440 align:start position:0%
probably the core value
 

01:29:51.440 --> 01:29:54.870 align:start position:0%
probably the core value
that<01:29:51.600><c> everybody</c><01:29:52.080><c> had</c><01:29:53.120><c> was</c><01:29:54.080><c> safety</c><01:29:54.560><c> around</c>

01:29:54.870 --> 01:29:54.880 align:start position:0%
that everybody had was safety around
 

01:29:54.880 --> 01:29:56.390 align:start position:0%
that everybody had was safety around
people

01:29:56.390 --> 01:29:56.400 align:start position:0%
people
 

01:29:56.400 --> 01:29:58.149 align:start position:0%
people
that<01:29:56.560><c> they</c><01:29:56.719><c> all</c><01:29:56.800><c> had</c><01:29:56.960><c> some</c><01:29:57.120><c> job</c><01:29:57.360><c> to</c><01:29:57.520><c> do</c><01:29:57.840><c> in</c><01:29:57.920><c> that</c>

01:29:58.149 --> 01:29:58.159 align:start position:0%
that they all had some job to do in that
 

01:29:58.159 --> 01:30:00.470 align:start position:0%
that they all had some job to do in that
very<01:29:58.719><c> agency</c><01:29:59.120><c> to</c><01:29:59.280><c> agency</c>

01:30:00.470 --> 01:30:00.480 align:start position:0%
very agency to agency
 

01:30:00.480 --> 01:30:03.590 align:start position:0%
very agency to agency
but<01:30:00.960><c> you</c><01:30:01.040><c> know</c><01:30:01.520><c> let's</c><01:30:02.000><c> do</c><01:30:02.159><c> that</c><01:30:02.400><c> job</c>

01:30:03.590 --> 01:30:03.600 align:start position:0%
but you know let's do that job
 

01:30:03.600 --> 01:30:06.390 align:start position:0%
but you know let's do that job
with<01:30:03.840><c> robots</c><01:30:04.239><c> next</c><01:30:04.400><c> to</c><01:30:04.840><c> people</c><01:30:06.080><c> without</c>

01:30:06.390 --> 01:30:06.400 align:start position:0%
with robots next to people without
 

01:30:06.400 --> 01:30:08.149 align:start position:0%
with robots next to people without
hurting<01:30:06.719><c> the</c><01:30:06.800><c> people</c>

01:30:08.149 --> 01:30:08.159 align:start position:0%
hurting the people
 

01:30:08.159 --> 01:30:10.470 align:start position:0%
hurting the people
that's<01:30:08.960><c> across</c><01:30:09.360><c> every</c><01:30:09.600><c> single</c><01:30:09.920><c> agency's</c>

01:30:10.470 --> 01:30:10.480 align:start position:0%
that's across every single agency's
 

01:30:10.480 --> 01:30:11.350 align:start position:0%
that's across every single agency's
interest

01:30:11.350 --> 01:30:11.360 align:start position:0%
interest
 

01:30:11.360 --> 01:30:14.149 align:start position:0%
interest
so<01:30:11.520><c> it's</c><01:30:12.800><c> the</c><01:30:12.960><c> easiest</c><01:30:13.360><c> thing</c><01:30:13.600><c> for</c><01:30:13.760><c> us</c><01:30:13.920><c> all</c><01:30:14.080><c> to</c>

01:30:14.149 --> 01:30:14.159 align:start position:0%
so it's the easiest thing for us all to
 

01:30:14.159 --> 01:30:15.669 align:start position:0%
so it's the easiest thing for us all to
focus<01:30:14.560><c> on</c>

01:30:15.669 --> 01:30:15.679 align:start position:0%
focus on
 

01:30:15.679 --> 01:30:18.229 align:start position:0%
focus on
and<01:30:16.560><c> it's</c><01:30:16.800><c> really</c><01:30:17.040><c> important</c><01:30:17.520><c> right</c><01:30:17.679><c> now</c>

01:30:18.229 --> 01:30:18.239 align:start position:0%
and it's really important right now
 

01:30:18.239 --> 01:30:20.229 align:start position:0%
and it's really important right now
where<01:30:18.639><c> robots</c><01:30:19.040><c> have</c><01:30:19.199><c> matured</c>

01:30:20.229 --> 01:30:20.239 align:start position:0%
where robots have matured
 

01:30:20.239 --> 01:30:22.070 align:start position:0%
where robots have matured
and<01:30:20.480><c> we're</c><01:30:20.639><c> now</c><01:30:21.120><c> getting</c><01:30:21.360><c> them</c><01:30:21.600><c> capable</c>

01:30:22.070 --> 01:30:22.080 align:start position:0%
and we're now getting them capable
 

01:30:22.080 --> 01:30:23.750 align:start position:0%
and we're now getting them capable
enough<01:30:22.400><c> we</c><01:30:22.560><c> actually</c><01:30:22.960><c> might</c><01:30:23.199><c> want</c><01:30:23.360><c> them</c><01:30:23.440><c> to</c><01:30:23.600><c> be</c>

01:30:23.750 --> 01:30:23.760 align:start position:0%
enough we actually might want them to be
 

01:30:23.760 --> 01:30:25.510 align:start position:0%
enough we actually might want them to be
near<01:30:24.000><c> us</c>

01:30:25.510 --> 01:30:25.520 align:start position:0%
near us
 

01:30:25.520 --> 01:30:26.709 align:start position:0%
near us
because<01:30:25.679><c> they</c><01:30:25.840><c> could</c><01:30:26.000><c> do</c><01:30:26.239><c> jobs</c><01:30:26.560><c> that</c><01:30:26.639><c> are</c>

01:30:26.709 --> 01:30:26.719 align:start position:0%
because they could do jobs that are
 

01:30:26.719 --> 01:30:29.110 align:start position:0%
because they could do jobs that are
worth<01:30:27.040><c> it</c><01:30:27.920><c> now</c><01:30:28.159><c> please</c><01:30:28.400><c> just</c><01:30:28.560><c> don't</c><01:30:28.719><c> hurt</c><01:30:28.960><c> us</c>

01:30:29.110 --> 01:30:29.120 align:start position:0%
worth it now please just don't hurt us
 

01:30:29.120 --> 01:30:29.510 align:start position:0%
worth it now please just don't hurt us
while

01:30:29.510 --> 01:30:29.520 align:start position:0%
while
 

01:30:29.520 --> 01:30:31.669 align:start position:0%
while
they're<01:30:29.760><c> doing</c><01:30:29.920><c> those</c><01:30:30.159><c> jobs</c><01:30:30.800><c> and</c><01:30:30.880><c> that's</c>

01:30:31.669 --> 01:30:31.679 align:start position:0%
they're doing those jobs and that's
 

01:30:31.679 --> 01:30:34.550 align:start position:0%
they're doing those jobs and that's
where<01:30:31.920><c> we</c><01:30:32.080><c> are</c><01:30:32.840><c> now</c>

01:30:34.550 --> 01:30:34.560 align:start position:0%
where we are now
 

01:30:34.560 --> 01:30:36.149 align:start position:0%
where we are now
there<01:30:34.719><c> are</c><01:30:34.800><c> a</c><01:30:34.880><c> number</c><01:30:35.120><c> of</c><01:30:35.280><c> other</c><01:30:35.520><c> aspects</c><01:30:36.080><c> you</c>

01:30:36.149 --> 01:30:36.159 align:start position:0%
there are a number of other aspects you
 

01:30:36.159 --> 01:30:37.669 align:start position:0%
there are a number of other aspects you
know<01:30:36.560><c> it</c><01:30:36.639><c> would</c><01:30:36.800><c> be</c><01:30:36.880><c> nice</c><01:30:37.199><c> not</c>

01:30:37.669 --> 01:30:37.679 align:start position:0%
know it would be nice not
 

01:30:37.679 --> 01:30:39.990 align:start position:0%
know it would be nice not
for<01:30:37.840><c> them</c><01:30:38.000><c> to</c><01:30:38.159><c> annoy</c><01:30:38.560><c> us</c><01:30:39.280><c> where</c><01:30:39.600><c> we</c><01:30:39.679><c> could</c><01:30:39.840><c> get</c>

01:30:39.990 --> 01:30:40.000 align:start position:0%
for them to annoy us where we could get
 

01:30:40.000 --> 01:30:41.669 align:start position:0%
for them to annoy us where we could get
them<01:30:40.080><c> to</c><01:30:40.159><c> do</c><01:30:40.320><c> a</c><01:30:40.400><c> job</c><01:30:40.719><c> quickly</c><01:30:41.120><c> without</c><01:30:41.360><c> having</c>

01:30:41.669 --> 01:30:41.679 align:start position:0%
them to do a job quickly without having
 

01:30:41.679 --> 01:30:42.950 align:start position:0%
them to do a job quickly without having
to

01:30:42.950 --> 01:30:42.960 align:start position:0%
to
 

01:30:42.960 --> 01:30:44.870 align:start position:0%
to
take<01:30:43.120><c> more</c><01:30:43.360><c> time</c><01:30:43.840><c> than</c><01:30:44.239><c> just</c><01:30:44.480><c> doing</c><01:30:44.719><c> it</c>

01:30:44.870 --> 01:30:44.880 align:start position:0%
take more time than just doing it
 

01:30:44.880 --> 01:30:47.830 align:start position:0%
take more time than just doing it
ourselves<01:30:45.840><c> certainly</c>

01:30:47.830 --> 01:30:47.840 align:start position:0%
ourselves certainly
 

01:30:47.840 --> 01:30:48.950 align:start position:0%
ourselves certainly
and<01:30:47.920><c> so</c><01:30:48.080><c> that's</c><01:30:48.480><c> and</c><01:30:48.639><c> then</c><01:30:48.719><c> there</c><01:30:48.800><c> are</c><01:30:48.880><c> a</c>

01:30:48.950 --> 01:30:48.960 align:start position:0%
and so that's and then there are a
 

01:30:48.960 --> 01:30:51.110 align:start position:0%
and so that's and then there are a
number<01:30:49.120><c> of</c><01:30:49.280><c> other</c><01:30:49.520><c> aspects</c><01:30:50.000><c> of</c><01:30:50.560><c> the</c>

01:30:51.110 --> 01:30:51.120 align:start position:0%
number of other aspects of the
 

01:30:51.120 --> 01:30:54.070 align:start position:0%
number of other aspects of the
human<01:30:51.440><c> robot</c><01:30:52.560><c> combination</c><01:30:53.360><c> that</c><01:30:53.600><c> i</c><01:30:53.679><c> think</c><01:30:53.840><c> are</c>

01:30:54.070 --> 01:30:54.080 align:start position:0%
human robot combination that i think are
 

01:30:54.080 --> 01:30:54.709 align:start position:0%
human robot combination that i think are
probably

01:30:54.709 --> 01:30:54.719 align:start position:0%
probably
 

01:30:54.719 --> 01:30:58.070 align:start position:0%
probably
true<01:30:55.679><c> of</c><01:30:55.840><c> interest</c><01:30:56.080><c> to</c><01:30:56.159><c> all</c><01:30:56.320><c> the</c><01:30:56.400><c> agencies</c><01:30:57.520><c> but</c>

01:30:58.070 --> 01:30:58.080 align:start position:0%
true of interest to all the agencies but
 

01:30:58.080 --> 01:31:00.870 align:start position:0%
true of interest to all the agencies but
but<01:30:58.560><c> don't</c><01:30:58.800><c> hurt</c><01:30:59.040><c> people</c><01:30:59.679><c> is</c><01:30:59.920><c> really</c><01:31:00.639><c> very</c>

01:31:00.870 --> 01:31:00.880 align:start position:0%
but don't hurt people is really very
 

01:31:00.880 --> 01:31:02.950 align:start position:0%
but don't hurt people is really very
fundamental

01:31:02.950 --> 01:31:02.960 align:start position:0%
fundamental
 

01:31:02.960 --> 01:31:05.669 align:start position:0%
fundamental
we<01:31:03.280><c> we</c><01:31:03.440><c> took</c><01:31:03.600><c> some</c><01:31:03.760><c> major</c><01:31:04.159><c> steps</c><01:31:04.560><c> in</c><01:31:04.639><c> that</c><01:31:05.520><c> when</c>

01:31:05.669 --> 01:31:05.679 align:start position:0%
we we took some major steps in that when
 

01:31:05.679 --> 01:31:06.790 align:start position:0%
we we took some major steps in that when
we

01:31:06.790 --> 01:31:06.800 align:start position:0%
we
 

01:31:06.800 --> 01:31:08.629 align:start position:0%
we
got<01:31:06.960><c> the</c><01:31:07.040><c> robonaut</c><01:31:07.440><c> 2</c><01:31:07.679><c> certified</c><01:31:08.159><c> for</c><01:31:08.320><c> space</c>

01:31:08.629 --> 01:31:08.639 align:start position:0%
got the robonaut 2 certified for space
 

01:31:08.639 --> 01:31:13.110 align:start position:0%
got the robonaut 2 certified for space
station<01:31:09.679><c> but</c><01:31:09.840><c> that</c><01:31:10.080><c> is</c><01:31:10.159><c> a</c><01:31:10.400><c> very</c>

01:31:13.110 --> 01:31:13.120 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:31:13.120 --> 01:31:15.910 align:start position:0%
 
conservative<01:31:14.080><c> community</c><01:31:15.120><c> we</c><01:31:15.360><c> don't</c><01:31:15.520><c> just</c><01:31:15.679><c> let</c>

01:31:15.910 --> 01:31:15.920 align:start position:0%
conservative community we don't just let
 

01:31:15.920 --> 01:31:16.790 align:start position:0%
conservative community we don't just let
anything

01:31:16.790 --> 01:31:16.800 align:start position:0%
anything
 

01:31:16.800 --> 01:31:17.990 align:start position:0%
anything
inside<01:31:17.120><c> the</c><01:31:17.199><c> space</c><01:31:17.520><c> station</c><01:31:17.760><c> with</c><01:31:17.840><c> the</c>

01:31:17.990 --> 01:31:18.000 align:start position:0%
inside the space station with the
 

01:31:18.000 --> 01:31:21.590 align:start position:0%
inside the space station with the
astronauts<01:31:18.880><c> it's</c><01:31:19.040><c> got</c><01:31:19.199><c> to</c><01:31:19.360><c> really</c><01:31:19.679><c> be</c>

01:31:21.590 --> 01:31:21.600 align:start position:0%
astronauts it's got to really be
 

01:31:21.600 --> 01:31:25.110 align:start position:0%
astronauts it's got to really be
safe<01:31:23.040><c> so</c><01:31:24.080><c> fortunately</c><01:31:24.480><c> we've</c><01:31:24.639><c> made</c><01:31:24.800><c> a</c><01:31:24.880><c> lot</c><01:31:24.960><c> of</c>

01:31:25.110 --> 01:31:25.120 align:start position:0%
safe so fortunately we've made a lot of
 

01:31:25.120 --> 01:31:26.709 align:start position:0%
safe so fortunately we've made a lot of
really<01:31:25.280><c> good</c><01:31:25.440><c> choices</c><01:31:25.920><c> in</c><01:31:26.000><c> the</c><01:31:26.080><c> robots</c>

01:31:26.709 --> 01:31:26.719 align:start position:0%
really good choices in the robots
 

01:31:26.719 --> 01:31:29.830 align:start position:0%
really good choices in the robots
robonaut<01:31:27.120><c> 2</c><01:31:27.360><c> is</c><01:31:27.520><c> its</c><01:31:27.760><c> design</c><01:31:29.199><c> and</c><01:31:29.360><c> we</c><01:31:29.520><c> have</c>

01:31:29.830 --> 01:31:29.840 align:start position:0%
robonaut 2 is its design and we have
 

01:31:29.840 --> 01:31:32.550 align:start position:0%
robonaut 2 is its design and we have
three<01:31:30.159><c> independent</c><01:31:30.639><c> ways</c><01:31:31.040><c> to</c><01:31:31.280><c> feel</c>

01:31:32.550 --> 01:31:32.560 align:start position:0%
three independent ways to feel
 

01:31:32.560 --> 01:31:36.070 align:start position:0%
three independent ways to feel
a<01:31:32.719><c> person</c><01:31:33.040><c> bumping</c><01:31:33.440><c> robonaut</c><01:31:34.159><c> or</c><01:31:34.400><c> vice</c><01:31:34.639><c> versa</c>

01:31:36.070 --> 01:31:36.080 align:start position:0%
a person bumping robonaut or vice versa
 

01:31:36.080 --> 01:31:39.750 align:start position:0%
a person bumping robonaut or vice versa
and<01:31:37.280><c> that's</c><01:31:37.600><c> enough</c><01:31:38.000><c> that</c><01:31:38.800><c> it's</c><01:31:39.040><c> trusted</c><01:31:39.520><c> so</c>

01:31:39.750 --> 01:31:39.760 align:start position:0%
and that's enough that it's trusted so
 

01:31:39.760 --> 01:31:41.590 align:start position:0%
and that's enough that it's trusted so
three<01:31:40.080><c> independent</c><01:31:40.560><c> sensing</c>

01:31:41.590 --> 01:31:41.600 align:start position:0%
three independent sensing
 

01:31:41.600 --> 01:31:43.990 align:start position:0%
three independent sensing
systems<01:31:42.560><c> they</c><01:31:42.719><c> can</c><01:31:42.880><c> all</c><01:31:43.040><c> sense</c><01:31:43.440><c> forces</c><01:31:43.840><c> of</c>

01:31:43.990 --> 01:31:44.000 align:start position:0%
systems they can all sense forces of
 

01:31:44.000 --> 01:31:45.350 align:start position:0%
systems they can all sense forces of
contact

01:31:45.350 --> 01:31:45.360 align:start position:0%
contact
 

01:31:45.360 --> 01:31:46.950 align:start position:0%
contact
with<01:31:45.520><c> their</c><01:31:45.679><c> own</c><01:31:45.840><c> cable</c><01:31:46.159><c> harness</c><01:31:46.560><c> going</c><01:31:46.800><c> back</c>

01:31:46.950 --> 01:31:46.960 align:start position:0%
with their own cable harness going back
 

01:31:46.960 --> 01:31:49.350 align:start position:0%
with their own cable harness going back
to<01:31:47.120><c> separate</c><01:31:48.159><c> processing</c>

01:31:49.350 --> 01:31:49.360 align:start position:0%
to separate processing
 

01:31:49.360 --> 01:31:52.470 align:start position:0%
to separate processing
it's<01:31:50.880><c> the</c><01:31:51.040><c> way</c><01:31:51.360><c> when</c><01:31:51.600><c> nasa</c><01:31:52.000><c> goes</c><01:31:52.239><c> through</c><01:31:52.400><c> a</c>

01:31:52.470 --> 01:31:52.480 align:start position:0%
it's the way when nasa goes through a
 

01:31:52.480 --> 01:31:54.790 align:start position:0%
it's the way when nasa goes through a
design<01:31:52.880><c> like</c><01:31:53.040><c> that</c><01:31:53.280><c> it's</c><01:31:53.440><c> just</c><01:31:53.840><c> very</c><01:31:54.080><c> paranoid</c>

01:31:54.790 --> 01:31:54.800 align:start position:0%
design like that it's just very paranoid
 

01:31:54.800 --> 01:31:56.629 align:start position:0%
design like that it's just very paranoid
you<01:31:54.880><c> know</c><01:31:55.040><c> what</c><01:31:55.199><c> could</c><01:31:55.360><c> possibly</c><01:31:55.760><c> go</c><01:31:56.000><c> wrong</c>

01:31:56.629 --> 01:31:56.639 align:start position:0%
you know what could possibly go wrong
 

01:31:56.639 --> 01:31:58.870 align:start position:0%
you know what could possibly go wrong
i'll<01:31:56.840><c> assume</c><01:31:57.760><c> three</c><01:31:58.000><c> things</c><01:31:58.239><c> go</c><01:31:58.480><c> wrong</c><01:31:58.800><c> you</c>

01:31:58.870 --> 01:31:58.880 align:start position:0%
i'll assume three things go wrong you
 

01:31:58.880 --> 01:31:59.669 align:start position:0%
i'll assume three things go wrong you
know<01:31:59.040><c> what</c><01:31:59.360><c> what</c>

01:31:59.669 --> 01:31:59.679 align:start position:0%
know what what
 

01:31:59.679 --> 01:32:02.149 align:start position:0%
know what what
would<01:31:59.920><c> you</c><01:32:00.000><c> get</c><01:32:00.400><c> and</c><01:32:01.360><c> we</c><01:32:01.520><c> went</c><01:32:01.760><c> through</c><01:32:01.920><c> all</c>

01:32:02.149 --> 01:32:02.159 align:start position:0%
would you get and we went through all
 

01:32:02.159 --> 01:32:03.510 align:start position:0%
would you get and we went through all
that

01:32:03.510 --> 01:32:03.520 align:start position:0%
that
 

01:32:03.520 --> 01:32:06.310 align:start position:0%
that
and<01:32:03.760><c> proved</c><01:32:04.080><c> the</c><01:32:04.239><c> design</c><01:32:04.639><c> was</c><01:32:04.800><c> safe</c><01:32:05.040><c> enough</c><01:32:06.159><c> so</c>

01:32:06.310 --> 01:32:06.320 align:start position:0%
and proved the design was safe enough so
 

01:32:06.320 --> 01:32:08.310 align:start position:0%
and proved the design was safe enough so
that<01:32:06.560><c> astronauts</c><01:32:07.199><c> are</c><01:32:07.360><c> allowed</c><01:32:07.679><c> to</c><01:32:07.840><c> be</c>

01:32:08.310 --> 01:32:08.320 align:start position:0%
that astronauts are allowed to be
 

01:32:08.320 --> 01:32:11.030 align:start position:0%
that astronauts are allowed to be
in<01:32:08.480><c> the</c><01:32:08.560><c> workspace</c><01:32:09.120><c> of</c><01:32:09.199><c> this</c><01:32:09.440><c> robot</c><01:32:10.719><c> while</c>

01:32:11.030 --> 01:32:11.040 align:start position:0%
in the workspace of this robot while
 

01:32:11.040 --> 01:32:12.470 align:start position:0%
in the workspace of this robot while
it's<01:32:11.199><c> running</c>

01:32:12.470 --> 01:32:12.480 align:start position:0%
it's running
 

01:32:12.480 --> 01:32:15.510 align:start position:0%
it's running
and<01:32:13.600><c> that's</c><01:32:13.840><c> a</c><01:32:13.920><c> major</c><01:32:14.239><c> breakthrough</c>

01:32:15.510 --> 01:32:15.520 align:start position:0%
and that's a major breakthrough
 

01:32:15.520 --> 01:32:18.149 align:start position:0%
and that's a major breakthrough
you<01:32:15.679><c> see</c><01:32:16.159><c> some</c><01:32:16.320><c> of</c><01:32:16.480><c> that</c><01:32:16.719><c> going</c><01:32:17.040><c> on</c><01:32:17.840><c> but</c><01:32:18.000><c> it's</c>

01:32:18.149 --> 01:32:18.159 align:start position:0%
you see some of that going on but it's
 

01:32:18.159 --> 01:32:19.189 align:start position:0%
you see some of that going on but it's
dangerous

01:32:19.189 --> 01:32:19.199 align:start position:0%
dangerous
 

01:32:19.199 --> 01:32:21.910 align:start position:0%
dangerous
people<01:32:19.600><c> today</c><01:32:20.000><c> are</c><01:32:20.480><c> in</c><01:32:20.560><c> the</c><01:32:20.639><c> workspace</c><01:32:21.760><c> of</c>

01:32:21.910 --> 01:32:21.920 align:start position:0%
people today are in the workspace of
 

01:32:21.920 --> 01:32:23.830 align:start position:0%
people today are in the workspace of
rovers<01:32:22.400><c> and</c><01:32:22.480><c> manipulators</c>

01:32:23.830 --> 01:32:23.840 align:start position:0%
rovers and manipulators
 

01:32:23.840 --> 01:32:26.149 align:start position:0%
rovers and manipulators
that<01:32:24.000><c> i</c><01:32:24.080><c> don't</c><01:32:24.639><c> like</c><01:32:24.880><c> that</c><01:32:25.120><c> that</c><01:32:25.280><c> concern</c><01:32:25.760><c> me</c>

01:32:26.149 --> 01:32:26.159 align:start position:0%
that i don't like that that concern me
 

01:32:26.159 --> 01:32:27.750 align:start position:0%
that i don't like that that concern me
because<01:32:26.400><c> they</c><01:32:26.560><c> don't</c><01:32:26.880><c> have</c>

01:32:27.750 --> 01:32:27.760 align:start position:0%
because they don't have
 

01:32:27.760 --> 01:32:29.990 align:start position:0%
because they don't have
redundancy<01:32:28.639><c> and</c><01:32:28.719><c> they</c><01:32:28.880><c> aren't</c><01:32:29.199><c> particularly</c>

01:32:29.990 --> 01:32:30.000 align:start position:0%
redundancy and they aren't particularly
 

01:32:30.000 --> 01:32:31.750 align:start position:0%
redundancy and they aren't particularly
soft<01:32:30.400><c> and</c><01:32:30.560><c> smooth</c>

01:32:31.750 --> 01:32:31.760 align:start position:0%
soft and smooth
 

01:32:31.760 --> 01:32:34.310 align:start position:0%
soft and smooth
you<01:32:31.840><c> know</c><01:32:32.000><c> a</c><01:32:32.080><c> lot</c><01:32:32.239><c> of</c><01:32:32.560><c> the</c><01:32:32.719><c> designs</c><01:32:34.000><c> are</c><01:32:34.159><c> just</c>

01:32:34.310 --> 01:32:34.320 align:start position:0%
you know a lot of the designs are just
 

01:32:34.320 --> 01:32:35.750 align:start position:0%
you know a lot of the designs are just
really<01:32:34.639><c> wimpy</c>

01:32:35.750 --> 01:32:35.760 align:start position:0%
really wimpy
 

01:32:35.760 --> 01:32:37.590 align:start position:0%
really wimpy
so<01:32:36.000><c> that</c><01:32:36.480><c> you</c><01:32:36.639><c> know</c><01:32:36.800><c> they</c><01:32:36.960><c> can't</c><01:32:37.120><c> hurt</c><01:32:37.360><c> you</c>

01:32:37.590 --> 01:32:37.600 align:start position:0%
so that you know they can't hurt you
 

01:32:37.600 --> 01:32:41.350 align:start position:0%
so that you know they can't hurt you
much<01:32:38.560><c> because</c><01:32:38.800><c> they're</c><01:32:38.960><c> not</c><01:32:39.120><c> very</c><01:32:39.360><c> strong</c>

01:32:41.350 --> 01:32:41.360 align:start position:0%
much because they're not very strong
 

01:32:41.360 --> 01:32:43.030 align:start position:0%
much because they're not very strong
that's<01:32:41.600><c> not</c><01:32:41.760><c> the</c><01:32:41.920><c> right</c><01:32:42.159><c> answer</c><01:32:42.480><c> either</c>

01:32:43.030 --> 01:32:43.040 align:start position:0%
that's not the right answer either
 

01:32:43.040 --> 01:32:44.550 align:start position:0%
that's not the right answer either
because<01:32:43.280><c> what</c><01:32:43.440><c> we</c><01:32:43.520><c> want</c><01:32:43.760><c> is</c><01:32:43.840><c> a</c><01:32:43.920><c> machine</c><01:32:44.320><c> strong</c>

01:32:44.550 --> 01:32:44.560 align:start position:0%
because what we want is a machine strong
 

01:32:44.560 --> 01:32:47.590 align:start position:0%
because what we want is a machine strong
enough<01:32:44.800><c> to</c><01:32:44.880><c> actually</c><01:32:45.199><c> do</c><01:32:45.440><c> work</c>

01:32:47.590 --> 01:32:47.600 align:start position:0%
enough to actually do work
 

01:32:47.600 --> 01:32:49.270 align:start position:0%
enough to actually do work
but<01:32:47.920><c> safe</c><01:32:48.159><c> enough</c><01:32:48.400><c> to</c><01:32:48.480><c> do</c><01:32:48.560><c> it</c><01:32:48.719><c> right</c><01:32:48.880><c> next</c><01:32:49.120><c> to</c>

01:32:49.270 --> 01:32:49.280 align:start position:0%
but safe enough to do it right next to
 

01:32:49.280 --> 01:32:50.709 align:start position:0%
but safe enough to do it right next to
us<01:32:49.760><c> so</c><01:32:49.920><c> just</c>

01:32:50.709 --> 01:32:50.719 align:start position:0%
us so just
 

01:32:50.719 --> 01:32:54.550 align:start position:0%
us so just
making<01:32:51.040><c> the</c><01:32:51.120><c> machine</c><01:32:51.440><c> extremely</c><01:32:52.840><c> incapable</c>

01:32:54.550 --> 01:32:54.560 align:start position:0%
making the machine extremely incapable
 

01:32:54.560 --> 01:32:58.149 align:start position:0%
making the machine extremely incapable
isn't<01:32:55.360><c> isn't</c><01:32:56.159><c> the</c><01:32:56.320><c> right</c><01:32:56.560><c> answer</c><01:32:57.520><c> so</c>

01:32:58.149 --> 01:32:58.159 align:start position:0%
isn't isn't the right answer so
 

01:32:58.159 --> 01:33:00.470 align:start position:0%
isn't isn't the right answer so
a<01:32:58.480><c> robot</c><01:32:58.800><c> that</c><01:32:58.960><c> can</c><01:32:59.199><c> handle</c><01:33:00.000><c> like</c><01:33:00.239><c> with</c>

01:33:00.470 --> 01:33:00.480 align:start position:0%
a robot that can handle like with
 

01:33:00.480 --> 01:33:02.310 align:start position:0%
a robot that can handle like with
robonaut<01:33:00.960><c> we</c><01:33:01.120><c> typically</c><01:33:01.520><c> handle</c><01:33:01.840><c> 20</c><01:33:02.080><c> pound</c>

01:33:02.310 --> 01:33:02.320 align:start position:0%
robonaut we typically handle 20 pound
 

01:33:02.320 --> 01:33:04.070 align:start position:0%
robonaut we typically handle 20 pound
dumbbells

01:33:04.070 --> 01:33:04.080 align:start position:0%
dumbbells
 

01:33:04.080 --> 01:33:07.189 align:start position:0%
dumbbells
and<01:33:04.320><c> you</c><01:33:04.400><c> know</c><01:33:04.560><c> full</c><01:33:04.800><c> extension</c><01:33:05.840><c> can</c><01:33:06.800><c> do</c><01:33:06.960><c> this</c>

01:33:07.189 --> 01:33:07.199 align:start position:0%
and you know full extension can do this
 

01:33:07.199 --> 01:33:10.310 align:start position:0%
and you know full extension can do this
forever

01:33:10.310 --> 01:33:10.320 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:33:10.320 --> 01:33:13.669 align:start position:0%
 
yet<01:33:10.880><c> we</c><01:33:11.120><c> trusted</c><01:33:11.760><c> to</c><01:33:11.920><c> do</c><01:33:12.080><c> it</c><01:33:12.159><c> right</c><01:33:12.400><c> next</c><01:33:12.639><c> to</c><01:33:12.800><c> us</c>

01:33:13.669 --> 01:33:13.679 align:start position:0%
yet we trusted to do it right next to us
 

01:33:13.679 --> 01:33:15.750 align:start position:0%
yet we trusted to do it right next to us
that's<01:33:13.920><c> the</c><01:33:14.080><c> challenge</c><01:33:14.960><c> anybody</c><01:33:15.360><c> can</c><01:33:15.520><c> build</c>

01:33:15.750 --> 01:33:15.760 align:start position:0%
that's the challenge anybody can build
 

01:33:15.760 --> 01:33:17.669 align:start position:0%
that's the challenge anybody can build
an<01:33:15.920><c> underpowered</c><01:33:16.400><c> robot</c><01:33:16.800><c> that</c><01:33:16.960><c> can't</c><01:33:17.199><c> really</c>

01:33:17.669 --> 01:33:17.679 align:start position:0%
an underpowered robot that can't really
 

01:33:17.679 --> 01:33:19.910 align:start position:0%
an underpowered robot that can't really
pick<01:33:17.840><c> itself</c><01:33:18.320><c> up</c><01:33:19.120><c> but</c><01:33:19.440><c> build</c><01:33:19.600><c> a</c><01:33:19.679><c> machine</c>

01:33:19.910 --> 01:33:19.920 align:start position:0%
pick itself up but build a machine
 

01:33:19.920 --> 01:33:22.149 align:start position:0%
pick itself up but build a machine
strong<01:33:20.159><c> enough</c><01:33:20.320><c> to</c><01:33:20.400><c> do</c><01:33:20.560><c> work</c><01:33:20.880><c> and</c><01:33:21.040><c> be</c><01:33:21.199><c> safe</c><01:33:21.520><c> is</c>

01:33:22.149 --> 01:33:22.159 align:start position:0%
strong enough to do work and be safe is
 

01:33:22.159 --> 01:33:23.669 align:start position:0%
strong enough to do work and be safe is
a<01:33:22.239><c> real</c><01:33:22.480><c> challenge</c>

01:33:23.669 --> 01:33:23.679 align:start position:0%
a real challenge
 

01:33:23.679 --> 01:33:27.189 align:start position:0%
a real challenge
and<01:33:24.000><c> likewise</c><01:33:24.480><c> with</c><01:33:24.719><c> with</c><01:33:25.120><c> mobility</c>

01:33:27.189 --> 01:33:27.199 align:start position:0%
and likewise with with mobility
 

01:33:27.199 --> 01:33:30.310 align:start position:0%
and likewise with with mobility
so<01:33:27.360><c> the</c><01:33:27.520><c> co</c><01:33:27.920><c> robot</c><01:33:28.320><c> theme</c><01:33:28.800><c> isn't</c><01:33:29.520><c> just</c><01:33:29.760><c> about</c>

01:33:30.310 --> 01:33:30.320 align:start position:0%
so the co robot theme isn't just about
 

01:33:30.320 --> 01:33:34.950 align:start position:0%
so the co robot theme isn't just about
humanoids<01:33:31.520><c> at</c><01:33:31.679><c> all</c>

01:33:34.950 --> 01:33:34.960 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:33:34.960 --> 01:33:38.070 align:start position:0%
 
robots<01:33:35.360><c> are</c><01:33:35.520><c> in</c><01:33:36.000><c> so</c><01:33:36.239><c> many</c><01:33:36.480><c> different</c><01:33:36.800><c> forms</c>

01:33:38.070 --> 01:33:38.080 align:start position:0%
robots are in so many different forms
 

01:33:38.080 --> 01:33:41.669 align:start position:0%
robots are in so many different forms
uh<01:33:40.639><c> cars</c><01:33:41.040><c> are</c>

01:33:41.669 --> 01:33:41.679 align:start position:0%
uh cars are
 

01:33:41.679 --> 01:33:44.790 align:start position:0%
uh cars are
gonna<01:33:41.920><c> become</c><01:33:42.239><c> robots</c><01:33:43.679><c> and</c><01:33:44.320><c> what</c><01:33:44.560><c> would</c><01:33:44.719><c> it</c>

01:33:44.790 --> 01:33:44.800 align:start position:0%
gonna become robots and what would it
 

01:33:44.800 --> 01:33:45.910 align:start position:0%
gonna become robots and what would it
take<01:33:45.040><c> for</c><01:33:45.199><c> you</c><01:33:45.520><c> to</c>

01:33:45.910 --> 01:33:45.920 align:start position:0%
take for you to
 

01:33:45.920 --> 01:33:48.830 align:start position:0%
take for you to
trust<01:33:46.320><c> driving</c><01:33:46.719><c> on</c><01:33:46.880><c> the</c><01:33:46.960><c> same</c><01:33:47.199><c> roads</c><01:33:48.639><c> with</c>

01:33:48.830 --> 01:33:48.840 align:start position:0%
trust driving on the same roads with
 

01:33:48.840 --> 01:33:50.070 align:start position:0%
trust driving on the same roads with
robots

01:33:50.070 --> 01:33:50.080 align:start position:0%
robots
 

01:33:50.080 --> 01:33:52.629 align:start position:0%
robots
what<01:33:50.400><c> would</c><01:33:50.639><c> it</c><01:33:50.719><c> take</c><01:33:50.960><c> for</c><01:33:51.120><c> you</c><01:33:51.280><c> to</c><01:33:51.440><c> trust</c>

01:33:52.629 --> 01:33:52.639 align:start position:0%
what would it take for you to trust
 

01:33:52.639 --> 01:33:53.510 align:start position:0%
what would it take for you to trust
being<01:33:52.880><c> in</c><01:33:52.960><c> the</c><01:33:53.120><c> car</c>

01:33:53.510 --> 01:33:53.520 align:start position:0%
being in the car
 

01:33:53.520 --> 01:33:56.629 align:start position:0%
being in the car
when<01:33:53.679><c> you're</c><01:33:53.920><c> not</c><01:33:54.080><c> driving</c><01:33:55.920><c> and</c><01:33:56.080><c> what</c><01:33:56.400><c> would</c>

01:33:56.629 --> 01:33:56.639 align:start position:0%
when you're not driving and what would
 

01:33:56.639 --> 01:33:57.590 align:start position:0%
when you're not driving and what would
it<01:33:56.719><c> take</c>

01:33:57.590 --> 01:33:57.600 align:start position:0%
it take
 

01:33:57.600 --> 01:34:00.390 align:start position:0%
it take
to<01:33:58.239><c> put</c><01:33:58.400><c> your</c><01:33:58.560><c> kids</c><01:33:58.800><c> in</c><01:33:58.960><c> a</c><01:33:59.040><c> car</c><01:34:00.000><c> and</c><01:34:00.080><c> have</c><01:34:00.320><c> the</c>

01:34:00.390 --> 01:34:00.400 align:start position:0%
to put your kids in a car and have the
 

01:34:00.400 --> 01:34:02.790 align:start position:0%
to put your kids in a car and have the
car<01:34:00.639><c> drive</c><01:34:00.960><c> them</c>

01:34:02.790 --> 01:34:02.800 align:start position:0%
car drive them
 

01:34:02.800 --> 01:34:05.270 align:start position:0%
car drive them
to<01:34:02.960><c> grandma's</c><01:34:03.360><c> house</c><01:34:04.159><c> but</c><01:34:04.320><c> you're</c><01:34:04.480><c> not</c><01:34:04.719><c> it</c><01:34:05.199><c> and</c>

01:34:05.270 --> 01:34:05.280 align:start position:0%
to grandma's house but you're not it and
 

01:34:05.280 --> 01:34:07.990 align:start position:0%
to grandma's house but you're not it and
the<01:34:05.440><c> kids</c><01:34:05.679><c> are</c><01:34:05.760><c> crying</c>

01:34:07.990 --> 01:34:08.000 align:start position:0%
the kids are crying
 

01:34:08.000 --> 01:34:10.070 align:start position:0%
the kids are crying
that's<01:34:08.320><c> that's</c><01:34:08.639><c> tough</c><01:34:09.280><c> for</c><01:34:09.440><c> me</c><01:34:09.679><c> that</c><01:34:09.840><c> last</c>

01:34:10.070 --> 01:34:10.080 align:start position:0%
that's that's tough for me that last
 

01:34:10.080 --> 01:34:11.510 align:start position:0%
that's that's tough for me that last
one's<01:34:10.320><c> probably</c><01:34:10.560><c> the</c><01:34:10.639><c> hardest</c>

01:34:11.510 --> 01:34:11.520 align:start position:0%
one's probably the hardest
 

01:34:11.520 --> 01:34:14.390 align:start position:0%
one's probably the hardest
you<01:34:11.600><c> know</c><01:34:12.000><c> um</c><01:34:13.520><c> what</c><01:34:13.679><c> what's</c><01:34:13.920><c> that</c><01:34:14.080><c> going</c><01:34:14.239><c> to</c>

01:34:14.390 --> 01:34:14.400 align:start position:0%
you know um what what's that going to
 

01:34:14.400 --> 01:34:15.030 align:start position:0%
you know um what what's that going to
take

01:34:15.030 --> 01:34:15.040 align:start position:0%
take
 

01:34:15.040 --> 01:34:17.189 align:start position:0%
take
to<01:34:15.199><c> be</c><01:34:15.360><c> able</c><01:34:15.520><c> to</c><01:34:15.600><c> have</c><01:34:15.840><c> robots</c><01:34:16.320><c> working</c><01:34:16.719><c> with</c>

01:34:17.189 --> 01:34:17.199 align:start position:0%
to be able to have robots working with
 

01:34:17.199 --> 01:34:18.790 align:start position:0%
to be able to have robots working with
us

01:34:18.790 --> 01:34:18.800 align:start position:0%
us
 

01:34:18.800 --> 01:34:20.629 align:start position:0%
us
shoulder<01:34:19.199><c> to</c><01:34:19.280><c> shoulder</c><01:34:19.760><c> driving</c><01:34:20.239><c> lane</c><01:34:20.480><c> by</c>

01:34:20.629 --> 01:34:20.639 align:start position:0%
shoulder to shoulder driving lane by
 

01:34:20.639 --> 01:34:23.189 align:start position:0%
shoulder to shoulder driving lane by
lane

01:34:23.189 --> 01:34:23.199 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:34:23.199 --> 01:34:24.629 align:start position:0%
 
and<01:34:23.360><c> trust</c><01:34:23.679><c> that</c><01:34:23.840><c> they</c><01:34:24.080><c> will</c><01:34:24.239><c> not</c><01:34:24.400><c> do</c><01:34:24.560><c> the</c>

01:34:24.629 --> 01:34:24.639 align:start position:0%
and trust that they will not do the
 

01:34:24.639 --> 01:34:26.950 align:start position:0%
and trust that they will not do the
wrong<01:34:24.960><c> thing</c><01:34:26.000><c> and</c><01:34:26.159><c> that's</c><01:34:26.400><c> that's</c><01:34:26.639><c> where</c><01:34:26.800><c> we</c>

01:34:26.950 --> 01:34:26.960 align:start position:0%
wrong thing and that's that's where we
 

01:34:26.960 --> 01:34:27.669 align:start position:0%
wrong thing and that's that's where we
are<01:34:27.040><c> right</c><01:34:27.199><c> now</c>

01:34:27.669 --> 01:34:27.679 align:start position:0%
are right now
 

01:34:27.679 --> 01:34:29.990 align:start position:0%
are right now
we<01:34:27.760><c> could</c><01:34:27.920><c> build</c><01:34:28.080><c> a</c><01:34:28.159><c> car</c><01:34:28.480><c> capable</c><01:34:29.600><c> i</c><01:34:29.760><c> could</c>

01:34:29.990 --> 01:34:30.000 align:start position:0%
we could build a car capable i could
 

01:34:30.000 --> 01:34:32.709 align:start position:0%
we could build a car capable i could
drive<01:34:30.560><c> any</c><01:34:30.880><c> speed</c><01:34:31.120><c> we</c><01:34:31.280><c> want</c><01:34:31.360><c> to</c><01:34:31.520><c> drive</c>

01:34:32.709 --> 01:34:32.719 align:start position:0%
drive any speed we want to drive
 

01:34:32.719 --> 01:34:35.430 align:start position:0%
drive any speed we want to drive
but<01:34:33.360><c> making</c><01:34:33.760><c> it</c><01:34:34.320><c> able</c><01:34:34.560><c> to</c><01:34:34.639><c> do</c><01:34:34.800><c> it</c><01:34:34.960><c> right</c><01:34:35.199><c> next</c>

01:34:35.430 --> 01:34:35.440 align:start position:0%
but making it able to do it right next
 

01:34:35.440 --> 01:34:36.950 align:start position:0%
but making it able to do it right next
to<01:34:35.600><c> us</c>

01:34:36.950 --> 01:34:36.960 align:start position:0%
to us
 

01:34:36.960 --> 01:34:39.030 align:start position:0%
to us
is<01:34:37.199><c> the</c><01:34:37.280><c> big</c><01:34:37.520><c> challenge</c><01:34:38.480><c> so</c><01:34:38.639><c> we</c><01:34:38.719><c> called</c><01:34:38.880><c> that</c>

01:34:39.030 --> 01:34:39.040 align:start position:0%
is the big challenge so we called that
 

01:34:39.040 --> 01:34:41.430 align:start position:0%
is the big challenge so we called that
one<01:34:39.280><c> co-driving</c>

01:34:41.430 --> 01:34:41.440 align:start position:0%
one co-driving
 

01:34:41.440 --> 01:34:45.510 align:start position:0%
one co-driving
co-pilot's<01:34:42.080><c> room</c><01:34:42.400><c> was</c><01:34:42.560><c> already</c><01:34:42.800><c> taken</c><01:34:43.679><c> but</c>

01:34:45.510 --> 01:34:45.520 align:start position:0%
co-pilot's room was already taken but
 

01:34:45.520 --> 01:34:47.669 align:start position:0%
co-pilot's room was already taken but
you<01:34:45.600><c> know</c><01:34:45.760><c> being</c><01:34:46.000><c> able</c><01:34:46.239><c> to</c><01:34:46.960><c> share</c><01:34:47.199><c> the</c><01:34:47.280><c> roads</c>

01:34:47.669 --> 01:34:47.679 align:start position:0%
you know being able to share the roads
 

01:34:47.679 --> 01:34:50.070 align:start position:0%
you know being able to share the roads
with<01:34:47.840><c> these</c><01:34:48.080><c> things</c>

01:34:50.070 --> 01:34:50.080 align:start position:0%
with these things
 

01:34:50.080 --> 01:34:52.310 align:start position:0%
with these things
huge<01:34:50.719><c> breakthroughs</c><01:34:51.199><c> are</c><01:34:51.360><c> needed</c><01:34:51.679><c> i</c><01:34:51.760><c> think</c><01:34:52.159><c> to</c>

01:34:52.310 --> 01:34:52.320 align:start position:0%
huge breakthroughs are needed i think to
 

01:34:52.320 --> 01:34:53.350 align:start position:0%
huge breakthroughs are needed i think to
make<01:34:52.480><c> that</c><01:34:52.639><c> happen</c>

01:34:53.350 --> 01:34:53.360 align:start position:0%
make that happen
 

01:34:53.360 --> 01:34:55.030 align:start position:0%
make that happen
but<01:34:53.520><c> it's</c><01:34:53.679><c> going</c><01:34:53.760><c> to</c><01:34:53.840><c> happen</c><01:34:54.320><c> you</c><01:34:54.480><c> know</c><01:34:54.800><c> it's</c>

01:34:55.030 --> 01:34:55.040 align:start position:0%
but it's going to happen you know it's
 

01:34:55.040 --> 01:34:57.270 align:start position:0%
but it's going to happen you know it's
going<01:34:55.119><c> to</c><01:34:55.199><c> happen</c><01:34:56.239><c> we're</c><01:34:56.400><c> going</c><01:34:56.560><c> to</c><01:34:56.639><c> have</c>

01:34:57.270 --> 01:34:57.280 align:start position:0%
going to happen we're going to have
 

01:34:57.280 --> 01:35:00.149 align:start position:0%
going to happen we're going to have
mixed<01:34:57.600><c> traffic</c><01:34:58.800><c> big</c><01:34:59.040><c> trucks</c><01:34:59.440><c> little</c><01:34:59.600><c> cars</c>

01:35:00.149 --> 01:35:00.159 align:start position:0%
mixed traffic big trucks little cars
 

01:35:00.159 --> 01:35:02.390 align:start position:0%
mixed traffic big trucks little cars
bikes<01:35:00.560><c> pedestrians</c>

01:35:02.390 --> 01:35:02.400 align:start position:0%
bikes pedestrians
 

01:35:02.400 --> 01:35:04.950 align:start position:0%
bikes pedestrians
and<01:35:03.520><c> you're</c><01:35:03.679><c> gonna</c><01:35:03.840><c> have</c><01:35:04.000><c> robots</c><01:35:04.400><c> driving</c><01:35:04.880><c> and</c>

01:35:04.950 --> 01:35:04.960 align:start position:0%
and you're gonna have robots driving and
 

01:35:04.960 --> 01:35:06.790 align:start position:0%
and you're gonna have robots driving and
all<01:35:05.119><c> that</c>

01:35:06.790 --> 01:35:06.800 align:start position:0%
all that
 

01:35:06.800 --> 01:35:08.950 align:start position:0%
all that
just<01:35:07.040><c> a</c><01:35:07.040><c> matter</c><01:35:07.360><c> of</c><01:35:08.000><c> who</c><01:35:08.239><c> can</c><01:35:08.400><c> figure</c><01:35:08.719><c> out</c><01:35:08.800><c> how</c>

01:35:08.950 --> 01:35:08.960 align:start position:0%
just a matter of who can figure out how
 

01:35:08.960 --> 01:35:11.910 align:start position:0%
just a matter of who can figure out how
to<01:35:09.040><c> do</c><01:35:09.199><c> it</c><01:35:09.360><c> safely</c><01:35:09.920><c> first</c>

01:35:11.910 --> 01:35:11.920 align:start position:0%
to do it safely first
 

01:35:11.920 --> 01:35:13.430 align:start position:0%
to do it safely first
and<01:35:12.080><c> i</c><01:35:12.159><c> mean</c><01:35:12.400><c> in</c><01:35:12.480><c> that</c><01:35:12.639><c> case</c><01:35:12.880><c> it's</c><01:35:13.040><c> also</c><01:35:13.280><c> not</c>

01:35:13.430 --> 01:35:13.440 align:start position:0%
and i mean in that case it's also not
 

01:35:13.440 --> 01:35:15.189 align:start position:0%
and i mean in that case it's also not
just<01:35:13.600><c> a</c><01:35:13.679><c> problem</c><01:35:14.000><c> the</c><01:35:14.320><c> robot</c><01:35:14.719><c> actually</c><01:35:14.960><c> doing</c>

01:35:15.189 --> 01:35:15.199 align:start position:0%
just a problem the robot actually doing
 

01:35:15.199 --> 01:35:16.550 align:start position:0%
just a problem the robot actually doing
something<01:35:15.600><c> wrong</c><01:35:15.840><c> it's</c><01:35:16.000><c> the</c><01:35:16.080><c> fact</c><01:35:16.320><c> that</c>

01:35:16.550 --> 01:35:16.560 align:start position:0%
something wrong it's the fact that
 

01:35:16.560 --> 01:35:17.590 align:start position:0%
something wrong it's the fact that
people<01:35:16.960><c> are</c>

01:35:17.590 --> 01:35:17.600 align:start position:0%
people are
 

01:35:17.600 --> 01:35:19.750 align:start position:0%
people are
somewhat<01:35:18.000><c> unpredictable</c><01:35:18.880><c> as</c><01:35:19.040><c> well</c><01:35:19.520><c> well</c>

01:35:19.750 --> 01:35:19.760 align:start position:0%
somewhat unpredictable as well well
 

01:35:19.760 --> 01:35:20.709 align:start position:0%
somewhat unpredictable as well well
it'll<01:35:20.000><c> always</c><01:35:20.239><c> be</c><01:35:20.400><c> the</c>

01:35:20.709 --> 01:35:20.719 align:start position:0%
it'll always be the
 

01:35:20.719 --> 01:35:24.629 align:start position:0%
it'll always be the
people's<01:35:21.199><c> fault</c><01:35:23.360><c> always</c>

01:35:24.629 --> 01:35:24.639 align:start position:0%
people's fault always
 

01:35:24.639 --> 01:35:27.990 align:start position:0%
people's fault always
robots<01:35:25.119><c> should</c><01:35:25.280><c> never</c><01:35:25.520><c> be</c><01:35:26.840><c> blamed</c>

01:35:27.990 --> 01:35:28.000 align:start position:0%
robots should never be blamed
 

01:35:28.000 --> 01:35:30.229 align:start position:0%
robots should never be blamed
you<01:35:28.159><c> can</c><01:35:28.239><c> quote</c><01:35:28.480><c> me</c><01:35:28.639><c> on</c><01:35:28.719><c> that</c><01:35:29.520><c> it's</c><01:35:29.679><c> always</c><01:35:30.080><c> the</c>

01:35:30.229 --> 01:35:30.239 align:start position:0%
you can quote me on that it's always the
 

01:35:30.239 --> 01:35:33.270 align:start position:0%
you can quote me on that it's always the
people

01:35:33.270 --> 01:35:33.280 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:35:33.280 --> 01:35:36.950 align:start position:0%
 
because<01:35:33.600><c> at</c><01:35:33.679><c> a</c><01:35:33.760><c> minimum</c><01:35:34.159><c> we</c><01:35:34.320><c> designed</c><01:35:34.719><c> them</c><01:35:36.000><c> so</c>

01:35:36.950 --> 01:35:36.960 align:start position:0%
because at a minimum we designed them so
 

01:35:36.960 --> 01:35:39.430 align:start position:0%
because at a minimum we designed them so
it<01:35:37.119><c> will</c><01:35:37.280><c> always</c><01:35:37.440><c> be</c><01:35:37.600><c> the</c><01:35:37.679><c> people's</c><01:35:38.000><c> phone</c><01:35:39.199><c> i</c>

01:35:39.430 --> 01:35:39.440 align:start position:0%
it will always be the people's phone i
 

01:35:39.440 --> 01:35:41.189 align:start position:0%
it will always be the people's phone i
also<01:35:39.600><c> have</c><01:35:39.760><c> a</c><01:35:39.920><c> bad</c><01:35:40.239><c> tendency</c><01:35:40.639><c> to</c><01:35:40.719><c> do</c><01:35:40.880><c> exactly</c>

01:35:41.189 --> 01:35:41.199 align:start position:0%
also have a bad tendency to do exactly
 

01:35:41.199 --> 01:35:46.709 align:start position:0%
also have a bad tendency to do exactly
what<01:35:41.360><c> we</c><01:35:41.440><c> tell</c><01:35:41.600><c> them</c><01:35:41.760><c> to</c><01:35:41.920><c> do</c>

01:35:46.709 --> 01:35:46.719 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:35:46.719 --> 01:35:49.750 align:start position:0%
 
it's<01:35:46.960><c> definitely</c><01:35:47.360><c> the</c><01:35:47.440><c> person</c><01:35:47.760><c> that's</c><01:35:48.000><c> the</c>

01:35:49.750 --> 01:35:49.760 align:start position:0%
it's definitely the person that's the
 

01:35:49.760 --> 01:35:53.109 align:start position:0%
it's definitely the person that's the
problem

01:35:53.109 --> 01:35:53.119 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:35:53.119 --> 01:35:56.149 align:start position:0%
 
um<01:35:54.400><c> so</c><01:35:54.560><c> one</c><01:35:54.800><c> other</c><01:35:55.040><c> thing</c><01:35:55.280><c> i</c><01:35:55.360><c> was</c><01:35:55.600><c> going</c><01:35:55.760><c> to</c><01:35:55.920><c> ask</c>

01:35:56.149 --> 01:35:56.159 align:start position:0%
um so one other thing i was going to ask
 

01:35:56.159 --> 01:35:57.430 align:start position:0%
um so one other thing i was going to ask
you<01:35:56.320><c> about</c><01:35:56.639><c> quickly</c>

01:35:57.430 --> 01:35:57.440 align:start position:0%
you about quickly
 

01:35:57.440 --> 01:35:59.750 align:start position:0%
you about quickly
or<01:35:58.080><c> maybe</c><01:35:58.320><c> i</c><01:35:58.560><c> shouldn't</c><01:35:58.960><c> because</c><01:35:59.119><c> it</c><01:35:59.280><c> sounds</c>

01:35:59.750 --> 01:35:59.760 align:start position:0%
or maybe i shouldn't because it sounds
 

01:35:59.760 --> 01:36:01.189 align:start position:0%
or maybe i shouldn't because it sounds
i've<01:36:00.000><c> talked</c><01:36:00.159><c> to</c><01:36:00.239><c> some</c><01:36:00.480><c> other</c><01:36:00.639><c> nasa</c><01:36:00.960><c> people</c>

01:36:01.189 --> 01:36:01.199 align:start position:0%
i've talked to some other nasa people
 

01:36:01.199 --> 01:36:02.950 align:start position:0%
i've talked to some other nasa people
about<01:36:01.520><c> funding</c>

01:36:02.950 --> 01:36:02.960 align:start position:0%
about funding
 

01:36:02.960 --> 01:36:05.350 align:start position:0%
about funding
um<01:36:03.280><c> thank</c><01:36:03.440><c> you</c><01:36:03.520><c> for</c><01:36:03.679><c> not</c><01:36:03.840><c> asking</c><01:36:05.040><c> he</c><01:36:05.199><c> wasn't</c>

01:36:05.350 --> 01:36:05.360 align:start position:0%
um thank you for not asking he wasn't
 

01:36:05.360 --> 01:36:06.709 align:start position:0%
um thank you for not asking he wasn't
worried<01:36:05.520><c> about</c><01:36:05.679><c> going</c><01:36:05.920><c> all</c><01:36:06.000><c> two</c><01:36:06.159><c> hours</c><01:36:06.480><c> too</c><01:36:06.639><c> it</c>

01:36:06.709 --> 01:36:06.719 align:start position:0%
worried about going all two hours too it
 

01:36:06.719 --> 01:36:10.950 align:start position:0%
worried about going all two hours too it
looks<01:36:06.880><c> it</c><01:36:06.960><c> looks</c><01:36:07.199><c> like</c><01:36:07.280><c> we're</c><01:36:07.440><c> getting</c><01:36:08.840><c> closer</c>

01:36:10.950 --> 01:36:10.960 align:start position:0%
looks it looks like we're getting closer
 

01:36:10.960 --> 01:36:12.870 align:start position:0%
looks it looks like we're getting closer
um<01:36:11.360><c> so</c><01:36:11.520><c> i</c><01:36:11.600><c> think</c><01:36:11.840><c> you</c><01:36:12.080><c> told</c><01:36:12.320><c> us</c><01:36:12.480><c> a</c><01:36:12.560><c> little</c><01:36:12.719><c> bit</c>

01:36:12.870 --> 01:36:12.880 align:start position:0%
um so i think you told us a little bit
 

01:36:12.880 --> 01:36:15.669 align:start position:0%
um so i think you told us a little bit
about<01:36:13.840><c> how</c><01:36:14.000><c> you</c><01:36:14.239><c> see</c><01:36:14.480><c> this</c><01:36:14.800><c> stuff</c><01:36:15.119><c> developing</c>

01:36:15.669 --> 01:36:15.679 align:start position:0%
about how you see this stuff developing
 

01:36:15.679 --> 01:36:16.709 align:start position:0%
about how you see this stuff developing
in<01:36:15.760><c> the</c><01:36:15.840><c> future</c>

01:36:16.709 --> 01:36:16.719 align:start position:0%
in the future
 

01:36:16.719 --> 01:36:20.149 align:start position:0%
in the future
um<01:36:17.280><c> so</c><01:36:18.000><c> we</c><01:36:18.159><c> can</c><01:36:18.639><c> get</c><01:36:18.800><c> that</c><01:36:19.119><c> from</c><01:36:19.280><c> there</c><01:36:19.520><c> but</c>

01:36:20.149 --> 01:36:20.159 align:start position:0%
um so we can get that from there but
 

01:36:20.159 --> 01:36:21.830 align:start position:0%
um so we can get that from there but
are<01:36:20.400><c> there</c><01:36:20.560><c> any</c><01:36:20.800><c> other</c><01:36:21.199><c> aspects</c><01:36:21.600><c> of</c><01:36:21.679><c> the</c>

01:36:21.830 --> 01:36:21.840 align:start position:0%
are there any other aspects of the
 

01:36:21.840 --> 01:36:23.189 align:start position:0%
are there any other aspects of the
projects<01:36:22.239><c> you</c><01:36:22.320><c> worked</c><01:36:22.560><c> on</c><01:36:22.639><c> that</c><01:36:22.800><c> you</c><01:36:22.880><c> wanted</c>

01:36:23.189 --> 01:36:23.199 align:start position:0%
projects you worked on that you wanted
 

01:36:23.199 --> 01:36:24.629 align:start position:0%
projects you worked on that you wanted
to<01:36:23.360><c> mention</c>

01:36:24.629 --> 01:36:24.639 align:start position:0%
to mention
 

01:36:24.639 --> 01:36:26.550 align:start position:0%
to mention
or<01:36:24.880><c> the</c><01:36:25.199><c> teams</c><01:36:25.520><c> or</c><01:36:25.600><c> maybe</c><01:36:25.920><c> people</c><01:36:26.239><c> that</c><01:36:26.400><c> you</c>

01:36:26.550 --> 01:36:26.560 align:start position:0%
or the teams or maybe people that you
 

01:36:26.560 --> 01:36:29.109 align:start position:0%
or the teams or maybe people that you
worked<01:36:26.880><c> with</c>

01:36:29.109 --> 01:36:29.119 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:36:29.119 --> 01:36:31.750 align:start position:0%
 
um<01:36:29.920><c> well</c><01:36:30.239><c> i</c><01:36:30.560><c> mentioned</c><01:36:30.880><c> the</c><01:36:30.960><c> general</c><01:36:31.199><c> motors</c>

01:36:31.750 --> 01:36:31.760 align:start position:0%
um well i mentioned the general motors
 

01:36:31.760 --> 01:36:32.550 align:start position:0%
um well i mentioned the general motors
corporation

01:36:32.550 --> 01:36:32.560 align:start position:0%
corporation
 

01:36:32.560 --> 01:36:36.709 align:start position:0%
corporation
great<01:36:32.800><c> partner</c><01:36:33.440><c> in</c><01:36:33.520><c> the</c><01:36:33.600><c> robonaut</c><01:36:34.000><c> 2</c><01:36:34.560><c> and</c>

01:36:36.709 --> 01:36:36.719 align:start position:0%
great partner in the robonaut 2 and
 

01:36:36.719 --> 01:36:39.350 align:start position:0%
great partner in the robonaut 2 and
i<01:36:36.800><c> mentioned</c><01:36:37.199><c> darpa</c><01:36:37.840><c> another</c><01:36:38.560><c> great</c><01:36:38.800><c> partner</c>

01:36:39.350 --> 01:36:39.360 align:start position:0%
i mentioned darpa another great partner
 

01:36:39.360 --> 01:36:41.590 align:start position:0%
i mentioned darpa another great partner
a<01:36:39.440><c> number</c><01:36:39.600><c> of</c><01:36:39.840><c> universities</c>

01:36:41.590 --> 01:36:41.600 align:start position:0%
a number of universities
 

01:36:41.600 --> 01:36:45.030 align:start position:0%
a number of universities
um<01:36:43.040><c> i</c><01:36:43.679><c> really</c><01:36:44.000><c> don't</c><01:36:44.159><c> think</c><01:36:44.480><c> there's</c><01:36:44.800><c> any</c>

01:36:45.030 --> 01:36:45.040 align:start position:0%
um i really don't think there's any
 

01:36:45.040 --> 01:36:45.669 align:start position:0%
um i really don't think there's any
limit

01:36:45.669 --> 01:36:45.679 align:start position:0%
limit
 

01:36:45.679 --> 01:36:49.590 align:start position:0%
limit
to<01:36:46.560><c> our</c><01:36:47.840><c> advances</c><01:36:48.400><c> in</c><01:36:48.480><c> robotics</c>

01:36:49.590 --> 01:36:49.600 align:start position:0%
to our advances in robotics
 

01:36:49.600 --> 01:37:03.030 align:start position:0%
to our advances in robotics
it's

01:37:03.030 --> 01:37:03.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:37:03.040 --> 01:37:06.070 align:start position:0%
 
my<01:37:04.239><c> optimism</c><01:37:04.719><c> mainly</c><01:37:05.040><c> comes</c><01:37:05.440><c> from</c>

01:37:06.070 --> 01:37:06.080 align:start position:0%
my optimism mainly comes from
 

01:37:06.080 --> 01:37:10.390 align:start position:0%
my optimism mainly comes from
watching<01:37:06.560><c> students</c><01:37:08.159><c> build</c><01:37:08.800><c> new</c><01:37:09.119><c> machines</c>

01:37:10.390 --> 01:37:10.400 align:start position:0%
watching students build new machines
 

01:37:10.400 --> 01:37:13.189 align:start position:0%
watching students build new machines
and<01:37:10.960><c> i</c><01:37:11.119><c> do</c><01:37:11.280><c> a</c><01:37:11.360><c> lot</c><01:37:11.520><c> of</c><01:37:11.600><c> work</c><01:37:11.840><c> with</c><01:37:12.719><c> kids</c><01:37:13.119><c> in</c>

01:37:13.189 --> 01:37:13.199 align:start position:0%
and i do a lot of work with kids in
 

01:37:13.199 --> 01:37:14.790 align:start position:0%
and i do a lot of work with kids in
robotics

01:37:14.790 --> 01:37:14.800 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

01:37:14.800 --> 01:37:18.870 align:start position:0%
robotics
and<01:37:17.280><c> programs</c><01:37:17.760><c> like</c><01:37:18.000><c> dean</c><01:37:18.239><c> cayman's</c><01:37:18.639><c> first</c>

01:37:18.870 --> 01:37:18.880 align:start position:0%
and programs like dean cayman's first
 

01:37:18.880 --> 01:37:20.790 align:start position:0%
and programs like dean cayman's first
robotics<01:37:19.440><c> program</c>

01:37:20.790 --> 01:37:20.800 align:start position:0%
robotics program
 

01:37:20.800 --> 01:37:23.430 align:start position:0%
robotics program
are<01:37:21.440><c> truly</c><01:37:21.760><c> inspirational</c><01:37:22.800><c> and</c><01:37:22.960><c> every</c><01:37:23.119><c> time</c><01:37:23.280><c> i</c>

01:37:23.430 --> 01:37:23.440 align:start position:0%
are truly inspirational and every time i
 

01:37:23.440 --> 01:37:24.629 align:start position:0%
are truly inspirational and every time i
watch

01:37:24.629 --> 01:37:24.639 align:start position:0%
watch
 

01:37:24.639 --> 01:37:27.910 align:start position:0%
watch
kids<01:37:24.960><c> build</c><01:37:25.679><c> some</c><01:37:26.239><c> new</c><01:37:26.480><c> incredible</c><01:37:26.960><c> robot</c><01:37:27.520><c> it</c>

01:37:27.910 --> 01:37:27.920 align:start position:0%
kids build some new incredible robot it
 

01:37:27.920 --> 01:37:33.669 align:start position:0%
kids build some new incredible robot it
it<01:37:28.880><c> reinforces</c><01:37:30.239><c> my</c><01:37:30.480><c> mind</c>

01:37:33.669 --> 01:37:33.679 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:37:33.679 --> 01:37:37.590 align:start position:0%
 
how<01:37:34.480><c> the</c><01:37:34.560><c> best</c><01:37:34.800><c> robots</c><01:37:35.280><c> are</c><01:37:35.360><c> in</c><01:37:35.440><c> our</c><01:37:35.600><c> future</c>

01:37:37.590 --> 01:37:37.600 align:start position:0%
how the best robots are in our future
 

01:37:37.600 --> 01:37:43.910 align:start position:0%
how the best robots are in our future
and<01:37:37.840><c> i</c><01:37:38.000><c> will</c><01:37:38.480><c> help</c><01:37:38.719><c> you</c><01:37:38.800><c> build</c><01:37:39.040><c> that</c><01:37:39.199><c> name</c>

01:37:43.910 --> 01:37:43.920 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:37:43.920 --> 01:37:47.590 align:start position:0%
 
they<01:37:44.080><c> like</c><01:37:44.239><c> building</c><01:37:44.480><c> robots</c><01:37:44.880><c> too</c><01:37:46.239><c> um</c><01:37:46.639><c> so</c><01:37:46.800><c> we</c>

01:37:47.590 --> 01:37:47.600 align:start position:0%
they like building robots too um so we
 

01:37:47.600 --> 01:37:49.350 align:start position:0%
they like building robots too um so we
that<01:37:47.840><c> actually</c><01:37:48.080><c> kind</c><01:37:48.239><c> of</c><01:37:48.400><c> nicely</c><01:37:48.880><c> brings</c><01:37:49.199><c> us</c>

01:37:49.350 --> 01:37:49.360 align:start position:0%
that actually kind of nicely brings us
 

01:37:49.360 --> 01:37:51.750 align:start position:0%
that actually kind of nicely brings us
to<01:37:49.520><c> our</c><01:37:49.920><c> general</c><01:37:50.320><c> last</c><01:37:50.719><c> question</c>

01:37:51.750 --> 01:37:51.760 align:start position:0%
to our general last question
 

01:37:51.760 --> 01:37:55.189 align:start position:0%
to our general last question
or<01:37:51.920><c> did</c><01:37:52.080><c> you</c><01:37:52.239><c> want</c><01:37:52.400><c> to</c><01:37:52.480><c> ask</c><01:37:52.800><c> no</c><01:37:52.960><c> no</c><01:37:53.040><c> no</c><01:37:53.280><c> no</c>

01:37:55.189 --> 01:37:55.199 align:start position:0%
or did you want to ask no no no no
 

01:37:55.199 --> 01:37:58.550 align:start position:0%
or did you want to ask no no no no
which<01:37:55.520><c> is</c><01:37:56.320><c> which</c><01:37:56.560><c> is</c><01:37:56.719><c> basically</c><01:37:57.520><c> um</c><01:37:58.000><c> if</c><01:37:58.239><c> you</c>

01:37:58.550 --> 01:37:58.560 align:start position:0%
which is which is basically um if you
 

01:37:58.560 --> 01:38:00.550 align:start position:0%
which is which is basically um if you
had<01:37:58.719><c> some</c><01:37:58.960><c> advice</c><01:37:59.360><c> for</c><01:37:59.520><c> young</c><01:37:59.760><c> people</c><01:38:00.320><c> who</c>

01:38:00.550 --> 01:38:00.560 align:start position:0%
had some advice for young people who
 

01:38:00.560 --> 01:38:02.229 align:start position:0%
had some advice for young people who
were<01:38:00.719><c> interested</c><01:38:01.119><c> in</c><01:38:01.199><c> robotics</c><01:38:01.840><c> what</c><01:38:02.000><c> would</c>

01:38:02.229 --> 01:38:02.239 align:start position:0%
were interested in robotics what would
 

01:38:02.239 --> 01:38:05.590 align:start position:0%
were interested in robotics what would
it<01:38:02.320><c> be</c>

01:38:05.590 --> 01:38:05.600 align:start position:0%
 
 

01:38:05.600 --> 01:38:07.750 align:start position:0%
 
there's<01:38:05.920><c> no</c><01:38:06.080><c> excuse</c><01:38:06.400><c> for</c><01:38:06.560><c> them</c><01:38:06.719><c> not</c><01:38:06.960><c> to</c><01:38:07.440><c> find</c><01:38:07.679><c> a</c>

01:38:07.750 --> 01:38:07.760 align:start position:0%
there's no excuse for them not to find a
 

01:38:07.760 --> 01:38:10.229 align:start position:0%
there's no excuse for them not to find a
robotics<01:38:08.239><c> team</c><01:38:08.480><c> somewhere</c>

01:38:10.229 --> 01:38:10.239 align:start position:0%
robotics team somewhere
 

01:38:10.239 --> 01:38:11.910 align:start position:0%
robotics team somewhere
you<01:38:10.320><c> know</c><01:38:10.400><c> when</c><01:38:10.800><c> when</c><01:38:11.040><c> i</c><01:38:11.119><c> was</c><01:38:11.280><c> a</c><01:38:11.360><c> kid</c><01:38:11.600><c> that</c>

01:38:11.910 --> 01:38:11.920 align:start position:0%
you know when when i was a kid that
 

01:38:11.920 --> 01:38:13.270 align:start position:0%
you know when when i was a kid that
wasn't<01:38:12.320><c> an</c><01:38:12.480><c> option</c>

01:38:13.270 --> 01:38:13.280 align:start position:0%
wasn't an option
 

01:38:13.280 --> 01:38:16.550 align:start position:0%
wasn't an option
but<01:38:13.440><c> now</c><01:38:13.679><c> there</c><01:38:13.920><c> are</c><01:38:14.080><c> so</c><01:38:14.239><c> many</c><01:38:14.480><c> out</c><01:38:14.840><c> there</c><01:38:15.840><c> that</c>

01:38:16.550 --> 01:38:16.560 align:start position:0%
but now there are so many out there that
 

01:38:16.560 --> 01:38:19.910 align:start position:0%
but now there are so many out there that
they<01:38:16.719><c> really</c><01:38:17.040><c> need</c><01:38:17.280><c> to</c><01:38:17.360><c> go</c><01:38:17.520><c> find</c><01:38:17.760><c> a</c><01:38:17.920><c> team</c><01:38:18.800><c> and</c>

01:38:19.910 --> 01:38:19.920 align:start position:0%
they really need to go find a team and
 

01:38:19.920 --> 01:38:23.030 align:start position:0%
they really need to go find a team and
get<01:38:20.159><c> busy</c><01:38:22.480><c> it's</c>

01:38:23.030 --> 01:38:23.040 align:start position:0%
get busy it's
 

01:38:23.040 --> 01:38:25.350 align:start position:0%
get busy it's
relatively<01:38:23.520><c> easy</c><01:38:23.840><c> today</c><01:38:24.159><c> to</c><01:38:24.239><c> do</c><01:38:24.400><c> that</c><01:38:25.280><c> the</c>

01:38:25.350 --> 01:38:25.360 align:start position:0%
relatively easy today to do that the
 

01:38:25.360 --> 01:38:27.910 align:start position:0%
relatively easy today to do that the
resources<01:38:26.000><c> are</c><01:38:26.080><c> there</c>

01:38:27.910 --> 01:38:27.920 align:start position:0%
resources are there
 

01:38:27.920 --> 01:38:31.030 align:start position:0%
resources are there
go<01:38:28.159><c> find</c><01:38:28.480><c> an</c><01:38:29.520><c> engineer</c>

01:38:31.030 --> 01:38:31.040 align:start position:0%
go find an engineer
 

01:38:31.040 --> 01:38:34.870 align:start position:0%
go find an engineer
and<01:38:31.440><c> volunteer</c><01:38:33.840><c> that's</c><01:38:34.080><c> a</c><01:38:34.159><c> good</c><01:38:34.320><c> way</c><01:38:34.480><c> to</c>

01:38:34.870 --> 01:38:34.880 align:start position:0%
and volunteer that's a good way to
 

01:38:34.880 --> 01:38:38.470 align:start position:0%
and volunteer that's a good way to
to<01:38:35.040><c> get</c><01:38:36.080><c> a</c><01:38:36.239><c> job</c><01:38:36.719><c> i</c><01:38:37.199><c> basically</c><01:38:37.679><c> volunteered</c>

01:38:38.470 --> 01:38:38.480 align:start position:0%
to get a job i basically volunteered
 

01:38:38.480 --> 01:38:40.550 align:start position:0%
to get a job i basically volunteered
to<01:38:38.639><c> go</c><01:38:38.719><c> work</c><01:38:39.040><c> on</c><01:38:39.119><c> a</c><01:38:39.199><c> project</c><01:38:39.679><c> that</c><01:38:40.080><c> was</c><01:38:40.239><c> funded</c>

01:38:40.550 --> 01:38:40.560 align:start position:0%
to go work on a project that was funded
 

01:38:40.560 --> 01:38:42.109 align:start position:0%
to go work on a project that was funded
by<01:38:40.719><c> nasa</c><01:38:41.040><c> because</c><01:38:41.280><c> i</c><01:38:41.360><c> wanted</c><01:38:41.600><c> to</c><01:38:41.679><c> go</c><01:38:41.760><c> work</c><01:38:42.000><c> at</c>

01:38:42.109 --> 01:38:42.119 align:start position:0%
by nasa because i wanted to go work at
 

01:38:42.119 --> 01:38:43.669 align:start position:0%
by nasa because i wanted to go work at
nasa

01:38:43.669 --> 01:38:43.679 align:start position:0%
nasa
 

01:38:43.679 --> 01:38:46.149 align:start position:0%
nasa
if<01:38:43.840><c> there's</c><01:38:44.159><c> a</c><01:38:44.960><c> robotics</c><01:38:45.440><c> team</c><01:38:45.679><c> working</c><01:38:46.000><c> on</c>

01:38:46.149 --> 01:38:46.159 align:start position:0%
if there's a robotics team working on
 

01:38:46.159 --> 01:38:47.590 align:start position:0%
if there's a robotics team working on
some<01:38:46.400><c> problem</c>

01:38:47.590 --> 01:38:47.600 align:start position:0%
some problem
 

01:38:47.600 --> 01:38:51.270 align:start position:0%
some problem
nearby<01:38:48.239><c> go</c><01:38:48.480><c> volunteer</c><01:38:49.679><c> to</c>

01:38:51.270 --> 01:38:51.280 align:start position:0%
nearby go volunteer to
 

01:38:51.280 --> 01:38:54.950 align:start position:0%
nearby go volunteer to
help<01:38:52.400><c> the</c><01:38:52.560><c> engineers</c><01:38:53.520><c> go</c><01:38:53.760><c> build</c><01:38:54.000><c> it</c>

01:38:54.950 --> 01:38:54.960 align:start position:0%
help the engineers go build it
 

01:38:54.960 --> 01:38:58.229 align:start position:0%
help the engineers go build it
and<01:38:56.719><c> it's</c><01:38:56.880><c> amazing</c><01:38:57.679><c> what</c>

01:38:58.229 --> 01:38:58.239 align:start position:0%
and it's amazing what
 

01:38:58.239 --> 01:39:01.030 align:start position:0%
and it's amazing what
uh<01:38:59.040><c> you</c><01:38:59.360><c> can</c><01:38:59.520><c> contribute</c><01:39:00.239><c> just</c><01:39:00.560><c> by</c><01:39:00.719><c> having</c><01:39:00.960><c> a</c>

01:39:01.030 --> 01:39:01.040 align:start position:0%
uh you can contribute just by having a
 

01:39:01.040 --> 01:39:02.790 align:start position:0%
uh you can contribute just by having a
good<01:39:01.199><c> attitude</c><01:39:01.760><c> and</c>

01:39:02.790 --> 01:39:02.800 align:start position:0%
good attitude and
 

01:39:02.800 --> 01:39:06.390 align:start position:0%
good attitude and
trying<01:39:04.080><c> you'll</c><01:39:04.320><c> pick</c><01:39:04.480><c> it</c><01:39:04.639><c> up</c><01:39:05.280><c> and</c>

01:39:06.390 --> 01:39:06.400 align:start position:0%
trying you'll pick it up and
 

01:39:06.400 --> 01:39:10.830 align:start position:0%
trying you'll pick it up and
learn<01:39:06.639><c> to</c><01:39:06.719><c> work</c><01:39:06.960><c> with</c><01:39:08.159><c> others</c><01:39:08.639><c> on</c><01:39:08.719><c> a</c><01:39:08.880><c> team</c>

01:39:10.830 --> 01:39:10.840 align:start position:0%
learn to work with others on a team
 

01:39:10.840 --> 01:39:13.750 align:start position:0%
learn to work with others on a team
and<01:39:12.159><c> it's</c><01:39:12.719><c> i</c><01:39:12.800><c> think</c><01:39:12.960><c> the</c><01:39:13.040><c> best</c><01:39:13.280><c> way</c><01:39:13.440><c> to</c><01:39:13.520><c> get</c>

01:39:13.750 --> 01:39:13.760 align:start position:0%
and it's i think the best way to get
 

01:39:13.760 --> 01:39:15.590 align:start position:0%
and it's i think the best way to get
started

01:39:15.590 --> 01:39:15.600 align:start position:0%
started
 

01:39:15.600 --> 01:39:17.189 align:start position:0%
started
you<01:39:15.760><c> don't</c><01:39:16.080><c> need</c><01:39:16.239><c> to</c><01:39:16.320><c> wait</c><01:39:16.480><c> until</c><01:39:16.800><c> you</c><01:39:16.880><c> go</c><01:39:17.040><c> to</c>

01:39:17.189 --> 01:39:17.199 align:start position:0%
you don't need to wait until you go to
 

01:39:17.199 --> 01:39:19.350 align:start position:0%
you don't need to wait until you go to
college

01:39:19.350 --> 01:39:19.360 align:start position:0%
college
 

01:39:19.360 --> 01:39:22.470 align:start position:0%
college
that<01:39:21.280><c> it's</c><01:39:21.440><c> not</c><01:39:21.600><c> going</c><01:39:21.679><c> to</c><01:39:21.760><c> get</c><01:39:21.920><c> you</c><01:39:22.239><c> where</c><01:39:22.400><c> you</c>

01:39:22.470 --> 01:39:22.480 align:start position:0%
that it's not going to get you where you
 

01:39:22.480 --> 01:39:23.750 align:start position:0%
that it's not going to get you where you
want<01:39:22.639><c> to</c><01:39:22.719><c> go</c>

01:39:23.750 --> 01:39:23.760 align:start position:0%
want to go
 

01:39:23.760 --> 01:39:27.590 align:start position:0%
want to go
start<01:39:24.159><c> early</c><01:39:25.360><c> and</c><01:39:26.159><c> volunteer</c>

01:39:27.590 --> 01:39:27.600 align:start position:0%
start early and volunteer
 

01:39:27.600 --> 01:39:30.790 align:start position:0%
start early and volunteer
to<01:39:28.960><c> get</c><01:39:29.199><c> involved</c><01:39:29.520><c> a</c><01:39:29.600><c> lot</c><01:39:29.760><c> of</c><01:39:30.080><c> ongoing</c>

01:39:30.790 --> 01:39:30.800 align:start position:0%
to get involved a lot of ongoing
 

01:39:30.800 --> 01:39:34.470 align:start position:0%
to get involved a lot of ongoing
projects<01:39:31.840><c> they're</c><01:39:32.080><c> probably</c><01:39:32.320><c> in</c><01:39:32.480><c> your</c><01:39:32.639><c> area</c>

01:39:34.470 --> 01:39:34.480 align:start position:0%
projects they're probably in your area
 

01:39:34.480 --> 01:39:37.669 align:start position:0%
projects they're probably in your area
and<01:39:35.040><c> seek</c><01:39:35.280><c> them</c><01:39:35.440><c> out</c><01:39:37.040><c> and</c>

01:39:37.669 --> 01:39:37.679 align:start position:0%
and seek them out and
 

01:39:37.679 --> 01:39:41.109 align:start position:0%
and seek them out and
volunteer<01:39:39.600><c> okay</c><01:39:40.080><c> i</c><01:39:40.239><c> think</c><01:39:40.400><c> i</c><01:39:40.480><c> need</c><01:39:40.719><c> thank</c><01:39:40.880><c> you</c>

01:39:41.109 --> 01:39:41.119 align:start position:0%
volunteer okay i think i need thank you
 

01:39:41.119 --> 01:39:43.520 align:start position:0%
volunteer okay i think i need thank you
so<01:39:41.280><c> much</c>