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well<00:00:00.320><c> thank</c><00:00:00.480><c> you</c><00:00:00.560><c> for</c><00:00:00.719><c> your</c><00:00:00.799><c> interest</c><00:00:01.120><c> in</c><00:00:01.199><c> my</c>

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well thank you for your interest in my
 

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well thank you for your interest in my
career<00:00:01.920><c> in</c><00:00:02.480><c> my</c><00:00:02.639><c> history</c><00:00:02.960><c> of</c><00:00:03.040><c> my</c><00:00:03.199><c> field</c><00:00:03.439><c> i</c><00:00:03.520><c> know</c>

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career in my history of my field i know
 

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career in my history of my field i know
a lot<00:00:03.840><c> of</c><00:00:03.919><c> people</c>

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a lot of people
 

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a lot of people
great<00:00:05.600><c> uh</c><00:00:05.839><c> so</c><00:00:06.000><c> we</c><00:00:06.080><c> usually</c><00:00:06.399><c> start</c><00:00:06.560><c> by</c><00:00:06.799><c> asking</c>

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great uh so we usually start by asking
 

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great uh so we usually start by asking
where<00:00:07.279><c> you</c><00:00:07.440><c> were</c><00:00:07.600><c> born</c><00:00:07.919><c> and</c><00:00:08.080><c> where</c><00:00:08.240><c> you</c><00:00:08.400><c> grew</c>

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where you were born and where you grew
 

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where you were born and where you grew
up<00:00:08.800><c> and</c><00:00:08.880><c> went</c><00:00:09.040><c> to</c><00:00:09.200><c> school</c>

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up and went to school
 

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up and went to school
okay<00:00:11.200><c> so</c><00:00:11.440><c> my</c><00:00:11.599><c> name</c><00:00:11.840><c> is</c><00:00:11.920><c> howie</c><00:00:12.400><c> chosit</c>

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okay so my name is howie chosit
 

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okay so my name is howie chosit
i<00:00:13.120><c> was</c><00:00:13.360><c> born</c><00:00:13.920><c> in</c><00:00:14.080><c> new</c><00:00:14.240><c> york</c><00:00:15.360><c> and</c><00:00:15.920><c> i</c><00:00:16.080><c> grew</c><00:00:16.240><c> up</c><00:00:16.400><c> on</c>

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i was born in new york and i grew up on
 

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i was born in new york and i grew up on
long<00:00:16.800><c> island</c>

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long island
 

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long island
and<00:00:18.000><c> went</c><00:00:18.240><c> to</c><00:00:19.359><c> john</c><00:00:19.680><c> f</c><00:00:19.840><c> kennedy</c><00:00:20.320><c> high</c><00:00:20.560><c> school</c>

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and went to john f kennedy high school
 

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and went to john f kennedy high school
when<00:00:21.680><c> i</c><00:00:21.760><c> was</c><00:00:22.000><c> in</c><00:00:22.160><c> high</c><00:00:22.320><c> school</c><00:00:22.640><c> i</c><00:00:22.800><c> entered</c><00:00:23.600><c> a</c>

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when i was in high school i entered a
 

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when i was in high school i entered a
variety<00:00:24.640><c> of</c>

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variety of
 

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variety of
science<00:00:25.519><c> fair</c><00:00:27.119><c> competitions</c>

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science fair competitions
 

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science fair competitions
and<00:00:28.880><c> one</c><00:00:29.119><c> that's</c><00:00:29.359><c> most</c><00:00:29.519><c> notable</c><00:00:30.160><c> was</c><00:00:30.640><c> when</c><00:00:30.880><c> i</c>

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and one that's most notable was when i
 

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and one that's most notable was when i
was<00:00:31.039><c> a</c><00:00:31.119><c> senior</c><00:00:31.519><c> in</c><00:00:31.679><c> high</c><00:00:31.840><c> school</c>

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was a senior in high school
 

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was a senior in high school
i<00:00:33.040><c> entered</c><00:00:33.280><c> the</c><00:00:33.440><c> duracell</c><00:00:34.640><c> battery</c><00:00:35.280><c> contest</c>

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i entered the duracell battery contest
 

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i entered the duracell battery contest
and<00:00:35.760><c> i</c><00:00:35.840><c> was</c><00:00:35.920><c> one</c><00:00:36.079><c> of</c><00:00:36.160><c> the</c><00:00:36.239><c> national</c><00:00:36.559><c> finalists</c>

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and i was one of the national finalists
 

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and i was one of the national finalists
for<00:00:37.280><c> building</c><00:00:37.600><c> a</c>

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for building a
 

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for building a
little<00:00:38.239><c> robot</c><00:00:38.719><c> that</c><00:00:38.879><c> had</c><00:00:39.120><c> a</c><00:00:39.280><c> sonar</c><00:00:39.680><c> sensor</c><00:00:40.079><c> and</c>

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little robot that had a sonar sensor and
 

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little robot that had a sonar sensor and
it<00:00:40.320><c> would</c><00:00:40.559><c> go</c><00:00:40.719><c> around</c><00:00:40.960><c> and</c><00:00:41.120><c> avoid</c><00:00:41.440><c> objects</c>

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it would go around and avoid objects
 

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it would go around and avoid objects
well<00:00:44.079><c> that</c><00:00:44.239><c> was</c><00:00:44.399><c> your</c><00:00:44.480><c> first</c><00:00:44.719><c> robot</c><00:00:45.120><c> that</c><00:00:45.200><c> you</c>

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well that was your first robot that you
 

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well that was your first robot that you
ever<00:00:45.600><c> built</c>

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ever built
 

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ever built
so<00:00:47.680><c> it's</c><00:00:47.840><c> not</c><00:00:48.000><c> clear</c><00:00:48.399><c> you</c><00:00:48.480><c> know</c><00:00:48.559><c> what's</c><00:00:48.879><c> a</c>

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so it's not clear you know what's a
 

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so it's not clear you know what's a
robot<00:00:49.520><c> so</c><00:00:49.680><c> it's</c><00:00:49.840><c> hard</c><00:00:50.000><c> to</c><00:00:50.160><c> answer</c><00:00:50.399><c> what's</c><00:00:50.640><c> the</c>

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robot so it's hard to answer what's the
 

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robot so it's hard to answer what's the
first<00:00:50.960><c> robot</c><00:00:51.360><c> ever</c><00:00:51.520><c> built</c>

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first robot ever built
 

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first robot ever built
but<00:00:52.480><c> since</c><00:00:52.800><c> i</c><00:00:52.879><c> was</c><00:00:53.199><c> in</c><00:00:53.360><c> junior</c><00:00:53.680><c> high</c><00:00:53.920><c> school</c><00:00:54.719><c> i</c>

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but since i was in junior high school i
 

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but since i was in junior high school i
used<00:00:55.120><c> to</c><00:00:55.199><c> build</c><00:00:55.520><c> little</c>

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used to build little
 

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used to build little
electronic<00:00:57.199><c> controlled</c><00:00:57.760><c> cars</c><00:00:58.879><c> uh</c><00:00:59.199><c> you</c><00:00:59.359><c> know</c>

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electronic controlled cars uh you know
 

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electronic controlled cars uh you know
using<00:00:59.840><c> shoe</c><00:01:00.079><c> boxes</c>

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using shoe boxes
 

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using shoe boxes
as<00:01:00.879><c> the</c><00:01:01.039><c> body</c><00:01:01.359><c> and</c><00:01:01.520><c> motorized</c><00:01:02.239><c> wheels</c><00:01:02.640><c> to</c>

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as the body and motorized wheels to
 

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as the body and motorized wheels to
drive<00:01:03.120><c> them</c><00:01:03.280><c> around</c>

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drive them around
 

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drive them around
so<00:01:05.199><c> maybe</c><00:01:05.600><c> i</c><00:01:05.680><c> would</c><00:01:05.760><c> say</c><00:01:06.080><c> around</c><00:01:06.479><c> seven</c><00:01:06.720><c> to</c>

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so maybe i would say around seven to
 

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so maybe i would say around seven to
eighth<00:01:07.040><c> grade</c><00:01:07.280><c> is</c><00:01:07.360><c> when</c><00:01:07.439><c> i</c><00:01:07.520><c> started</c><00:01:07.760><c> building</c>

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eighth grade is when i started building
 

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eighth grade is when i started building
robots

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robots
 

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robots
right<00:01:10.159><c> and</c><00:01:10.240><c> so</c><00:01:10.960><c> um</c><00:01:11.600><c> did</c><00:01:11.760><c> you</c><00:01:11.920><c> realize</c><00:01:12.320><c> at</c><00:01:12.400><c> that</c>

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right and so um did you realize at that
 

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right and so um did you realize at that
time<00:01:12.799><c> that</c>

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time that
 

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time that
that's<00:01:13.520><c> the</c><00:01:13.680><c> kind</c><00:01:13.840><c> of</c><00:01:13.920><c> career</c><00:01:14.240><c> you</c><00:01:14.400><c> wanted</c><00:01:14.640><c> to</c>

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that's the kind of career you wanted to
 

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that's the kind of career you wanted to
have<00:01:16.080><c> i</c><00:01:16.240><c> realized</c><00:01:16.560><c> at</c><00:01:16.720><c> a</c><00:01:16.799><c> very</c><00:01:17.040><c> young</c><00:01:17.360><c> age</c>

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have i realized at a very young age
 

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have i realized at a very young age
maybe<00:01:18.000><c> as</c><00:01:18.159><c> early</c><00:01:18.400><c> as</c><00:01:18.640><c> five</c>

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maybe as early as five
 

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maybe as early as five
that<00:01:19.840><c> i</c><00:01:19.920><c> was</c><00:01:20.080><c> always</c><00:01:20.400><c> interested</c><00:01:20.880><c> in</c><00:01:21.040><c> motion</c>

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that i was always interested in motion
 

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that i was always interested in motion
how<00:01:21.920><c> to</c><00:01:22.000><c> make</c><00:01:22.240><c> things</c><00:01:22.560><c> move</c><00:01:22.880><c> i</c><00:01:22.960><c> was</c><00:01:23.119><c> interested</c>

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how to make things move i was interested
 

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how to make things move i was interested
in<00:01:23.759><c> how</c><00:01:24.000><c> cars</c><00:01:24.320><c> moved</c><00:01:24.640><c> on</c><00:01:24.720><c> the</c><00:01:24.799><c> highway</c><00:01:25.200><c> how</c>

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in how cars moved on the highway how
 

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in how cars moved on the highway how
animals<00:01:25.920><c> moved</c>

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animals moved
 

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animals moved
and<00:01:27.040><c> then</c><00:01:27.360><c> probably</c><00:01:27.759><c> by</c><00:01:27.920><c> the</c><00:01:28.080><c> time</c><00:01:28.320><c> i</c><00:01:28.479><c> was</c><00:01:28.640><c> in</c>

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and then probably by the time i was in
 

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and then probably by the time i was in
the<00:01:28.799><c> 7th</c><00:01:29.119><c> or</c><00:01:29.280><c> 8th</c><00:01:29.520><c> grade</c><00:01:29.920><c> i</c><00:01:30.079><c> knew</c><00:01:30.320><c> i</c><00:01:30.479><c> wanted</c><00:01:30.720><c> to</c>

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the 7th or 8th grade i knew i wanted to
 

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the 7th or 8th grade i knew i wanted to
be<00:01:30.880><c> able</c><00:01:31.040><c> to</c><00:01:31.200><c> program</c><00:01:31.600><c> that</c><00:01:31.840><c> motion</c>

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be able to program that motion
 

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be able to program that motion
i<00:01:33.360><c> can't</c><00:01:33.600><c> remember</c><00:01:34.000><c> exactly</c><00:01:34.320><c> when</c><00:01:34.479><c> i</c><00:01:34.640><c> realized</c>

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i can't remember exactly when i realized
 

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i can't remember exactly when i realized
that<00:01:35.119><c> was</c><00:01:35.360><c> a</c><00:01:35.439><c> robot</c>

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that was a robot
 

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that was a robot
but<00:01:36.400><c> certainly</c><00:01:36.720><c> in</c><00:01:36.799><c> an</c><00:01:36.960><c> early</c><00:01:37.200><c> age</c><00:01:37.439><c> i</c><00:01:37.520><c> wanted</c>

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but certainly in an early age i wanted
 

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but certainly in an early age i wanted
to<00:01:37.840><c> work</c><00:01:38.079><c> on</c><00:01:38.320><c> on</c><00:01:38.840><c> robots</c>

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to work on on robots
 

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to work on on robots
right<00:01:40.479><c> and</c><00:01:40.560><c> then</c><00:01:41.200><c> where</c><00:01:41.360><c> did</c><00:01:41.520><c> you</c><00:01:41.680><c> go</c><00:01:41.840><c> to</c>

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right and then where did you go to
 

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right and then where did you go to
undergraduate

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undergraduate
 

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undergraduate
so<00:01:44.079><c> i</c><00:01:44.159><c> went</c><00:01:44.399><c> to</c><00:01:44.560><c> college</c><00:01:45.119><c> at</c><00:01:45.200><c> the</c><00:01:45.360><c> university</c>

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so i went to college at the university
 

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so i went to college at the university
of<00:01:46.000><c> pennsylvania</c>

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of pennsylvania
 

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of pennsylvania
where<00:01:47.280><c> i</c><00:01:47.520><c> majored</c><00:01:48.079><c> in</c><00:01:48.320><c> computer</c><00:01:48.799><c> science</c><00:01:49.200><c> and</c>

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where i majored in computer science and
 

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where i majored in computer science and
engineering

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engineering
 

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engineering
and<00:01:50.799><c> i</c><00:01:50.880><c> had</c><00:01:51.040><c> a</c><00:01:51.200><c> second</c><00:01:51.600><c> major</c><00:01:52.240><c> in</c><00:01:52.399><c> business</c>

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and i had a second major in business
 

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and i had a second major in business
from<00:01:52.960><c> the</c><00:01:53.040><c> wharton</c><00:01:53.360><c> school</c>

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um<00:01:57.040><c> and</c><00:01:57.280><c> who</c><00:01:57.439><c> did</c><00:01:57.600><c> you</c><00:01:57.759><c> work</c><00:01:58.000><c> with</c><00:01:58.719><c> while</c><00:01:58.960><c> you</c>

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um and who did you work with while you
 

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um and who did you work with while you
were<00:01:59.200><c> there</c><00:01:59.600><c> when</c><00:01:59.840><c> i</c><00:01:59.920><c> was</c><00:02:00.079><c> at</c><00:02:00.159><c> the</c><00:02:00.240><c> university</c>

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were there when i was at the university
 

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were there when i was at the university
of<00:02:00.799><c> pennsylvania</c>

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of pennsylvania
 

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of pennsylvania
i<00:02:02.320><c> worked</c><00:02:02.560><c> with</c><00:02:02.880><c> regina</c><00:02:03.439><c> baichie</c><00:02:04.079><c> in</c><00:02:04.240><c> the</c>

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i worked with regina baichie in the
 

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i worked with regina baichie in the
grasp<00:02:04.880><c> lab</c>

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grasp lab
 

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grasp lab
in<00:02:06.399><c> working</c><00:02:06.640><c> with</c><00:02:06.880><c> her</c><00:02:08.160><c> her</c><00:02:08.319><c> staff</c><00:02:08.720><c> and</c><00:02:08.800><c> her</c>

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in working with her her staff and her
 

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in working with her her staff and her
students

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students
 

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students
i<00:02:10.239><c> learned</c><00:02:10.800><c> a</c><00:02:10.959><c> fair</c><00:02:11.200><c> bit</c><00:02:11.360><c> about</c><00:02:11.760><c> robot</c><00:02:12.319><c> vision</c>

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and<00:02:16.160><c> um</c><00:02:16.560><c> taking</c><00:02:16.879><c> up</c><00:02:16.959><c> the</c><00:02:17.120><c> business</c><00:02:17.520><c> degree</c><00:02:18.319><c> did</c>

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and um taking up the business degree did
 

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and um taking up the business degree did
you<00:02:18.640><c> have</c><00:02:18.800><c> aspirations</c><00:02:19.520><c> to</c><00:02:19.680><c> have</c><00:02:19.840><c> a</c><00:02:20.000><c> robotics</c>

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you have aspirations to have a robotics
 

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you have aspirations to have a robotics
company<00:02:20.959><c> at</c><00:02:21.040><c> some</c><00:02:21.280><c> point</c>

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company at some point
 

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company at some point
so<00:02:22.959><c> when</c><00:02:23.120><c> i</c><00:02:23.280><c> applied</c><00:02:23.599><c> to</c><00:02:23.760><c> graduate</c><00:02:24.080><c> school</c><00:02:24.400><c> i</c>

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so when i applied to graduate school i
 

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so when i applied to graduate school i
wasn't<00:02:24.800><c> sure</c><00:02:25.120><c> did</c><00:02:25.280><c> i</c><00:02:25.360><c> want</c><00:02:25.520><c> to</c><00:02:25.599><c> become</c><00:02:25.840><c> a</c>

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wasn't sure did i want to become a
 

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wasn't sure did i want to become a
professor

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professor
 

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professor
or<00:02:27.120><c> become</c><00:02:27.360><c> an</c><00:02:27.520><c> entrepreneur</c><00:02:28.160><c> and</c><00:02:28.319><c> start</c><00:02:28.560><c> my</c>

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or become an entrepreneur and start my
 

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or become an entrepreneur and start my
own<00:02:28.879><c> company</c>

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own company
 

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own company
i<00:02:30.239><c> chose</c><00:02:31.040><c> the</c><00:02:31.200><c> path</c><00:02:31.440><c> of</c><00:02:31.599><c> academia</c><00:02:32.160><c> i</c><00:02:32.239><c> wanted</c><00:02:32.480><c> to</c>

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i chose the path of academia i wanted to
 

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i chose the path of academia i wanted to
become<00:02:32.800><c> a</c><00:02:32.879><c> professor</c><00:02:33.280><c> at</c><00:02:33.360><c> least</c><00:02:33.599><c> become</c><00:02:33.840><c> a</c>

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become a professor at least become a
 

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become a professor at least become a
professor<00:02:34.400><c> at</c><00:02:34.560><c> first</c>

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professor at first
 

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professor at first
however<00:02:35.920><c> 10</c><00:02:36.160><c> years</c><00:02:36.319><c> ago</c><00:02:36.640><c> i</c><00:02:36.720><c> did</c><00:02:36.959><c> start</c><00:02:37.280><c> my</c>

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however 10 years ago i did start my
 

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however 10 years ago i did start my
first<00:02:37.840><c> company</c>

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first company
 

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first company
the<00:02:38.720><c> name</c><00:02:38.959><c> of</c><00:02:39.040><c> the</c><00:02:39.120><c> company</c><00:02:39.519><c> is</c><00:02:39.680><c> called</c><00:02:40.080><c> med</c>

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the name of the company is called med
 

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the name of the company is called med
robotics

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robotics
 

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robotics
they<00:02:42.239><c> make</c><00:02:42.720><c> a</c><00:02:43.120><c> small</c><00:02:43.840><c> surgical</c><00:02:44.560><c> snake</c><00:02:45.040><c> robot</c>

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they make a small surgical snake robot
 

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they make a small surgical snake robot
for<00:02:46.080><c> minimally</c><00:02:46.720><c> invasive</c><00:02:47.599><c> surgery</c>

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for minimally invasive surgery
 

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for minimally invasive surgery
that<00:02:49.280><c> robot</c><00:02:50.319><c> uh</c><00:02:50.800><c> was</c><00:02:51.040><c> invented</c><00:02:51.519><c> in</c><00:02:51.599><c> my</c><00:02:51.920><c> group</c>

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that robot uh was invented in my group
 

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that robot uh was invented in my group
and<00:02:53.040><c> then</c><00:02:53.440><c> with</c><00:02:53.680><c> the</c><00:02:53.840><c> support</c><00:02:54.800><c> of</c><00:02:55.680><c> some</c><00:02:55.920><c> local</c>

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and then with the support of some local
 

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and then with the support of some local
economic<00:02:56.879><c> development</c><00:02:57.360><c> funds</c><00:02:57.680><c> most</c><00:02:57.840><c> notably</c>

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economic development funds most notably
 

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economic development funds most notably
the<00:02:58.480><c> pittsburgh</c><00:02:59.040><c> life</c><00:02:59.280><c> science</c><00:02:59.680><c> greenhouse</c>

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the pittsburgh life science greenhouse
 

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the pittsburgh life science greenhouse
we<00:03:01.040><c> were</c><00:03:01.280><c> able</c><00:03:01.519><c> to</c><00:03:01.680><c> kick</c><00:03:01.840><c> the</c><00:03:02.000><c> technology</c><00:03:02.720><c> over</c>

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we were able to kick the technology over
 

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we were able to kick the technology over
the<00:03:03.120><c> fence</c><00:03:03.920><c> from</c><00:03:04.159><c> a</c><00:03:04.319><c> university</c><00:03:04.959><c> lab</c><00:03:05.360><c> you</c><00:03:05.519><c> know</c>

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the fence from a university lab you know
 

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the fence from a university lab you know
to<00:03:05.840><c> a</c><00:03:05.920><c> company</c>

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to a company
 

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to a company
and<00:03:06.959><c> at</c><00:03:07.120><c> that</c><00:03:07.280><c> point</c><00:03:07.519><c> we</c><00:03:07.680><c> were</c><00:03:07.840><c> able</c><00:03:08.080><c> to</c>

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and at that point we were able to
 

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and at that point we were able to
interact<00:03:08.959><c> investors</c><00:03:09.680><c> in</c><00:03:09.760><c> fact</c><00:03:10.000><c> enough</c>

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interact investors in fact enough
 

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interact investors in fact enough
investment

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investment
 

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investment
where<00:03:11.440><c> eventually</c><00:03:12.000><c> we</c><00:03:12.480><c> built</c><00:03:12.800><c> a</c><00:03:12.879><c> robot</c><00:03:13.440><c> that</c>

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where eventually we built a robot that
 

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where eventually we built a robot that
operated<00:03:14.319><c> on</c><00:03:14.560><c> a</c><00:03:14.720><c> person</c>

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operated on a person
 

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operated on a person
so<00:03:16.319><c> i</c><00:03:16.480><c> don't</c><00:03:16.720><c> believe</c><00:03:17.519><c> that</c><00:03:17.840><c> as</c><00:03:18.080><c> a</c><00:03:18.239><c> university</c>

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so i don't believe that as a university
 

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so i don't believe that as a university
professor

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professor
 

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professor
i<00:03:20.000><c> could</c><00:03:20.159><c> have</c><00:03:20.319><c> single-handedly</c><00:03:22.000><c> built</c><00:03:22.319><c> a</c>

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i could have single-handedly built a
 

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i could have single-handedly built a
robot<00:03:22.720><c> that</c><00:03:22.879><c> would</c><00:03:23.040><c> then</c><00:03:23.280><c> operate</c><00:03:23.680><c> on</c><00:03:23.760><c> a</c>

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robot that would then operate on a
 

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robot that would then operate on a
person<00:03:24.159><c> had</c><00:03:24.400><c> to</c><00:03:24.480><c> be</c><00:03:24.560><c> through</c><00:03:24.799><c> a</c><00:03:24.879><c> company</c>

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person had to be through a company
 

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person had to be through a company
and<00:03:26.159><c> the</c><00:03:26.319><c> people</c><00:03:26.640><c> in</c><00:03:26.720><c> this</c><00:03:26.879><c> company</c><00:03:27.280><c> did</c><00:03:27.840><c> all</c>

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and the people in this company did all
 

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and the people in this company did all
the<00:03:28.239><c> hard</c><00:03:28.560><c> work</c>

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the hard work
 

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the hard work
not<00:03:29.200><c> only</c><00:03:30.000><c> building</c><00:03:30.400><c> the</c><00:03:30.560><c> robot</c><00:03:31.200><c> making</c><00:03:31.519><c> it</c>

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not only building the robot making it
 

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not only building the robot making it
operating<00:03:32.239><c> room</c><00:03:32.560><c> compliant</c><00:03:33.200><c> and</c><00:03:33.360><c> safe</c><00:03:33.599><c> for</c><00:03:33.760><c> a</c>

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operating room compliant and safe for a
 

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operating room compliant and safe for a
person<00:03:34.319><c> but</c><00:03:34.480><c> also</c><00:03:34.799><c> doing</c><00:03:35.120><c> all</c><00:03:35.280><c> the</c><00:03:35.440><c> necessary</c>

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person but also doing all the necessary
 

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person but also doing all the necessary
documentation<00:03:36.720><c> that</c><00:03:36.879><c> it</c><00:03:36.959><c> can</c>

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documentation that it can
 

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documentation that it can
be<00:03:37.680><c> allowed</c><00:03:37.920><c> to</c><00:03:38.080><c> operate</c><00:03:38.400><c> on</c><00:03:38.560><c> a</c><00:03:38.640><c> person</c><00:03:39.440><c> so</c><00:03:39.760><c> in</c>

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be allowed to operate on a person so in
 

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be allowed to operate on a person so in
my<00:03:40.239><c> view</c>

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my view
 

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my view
this<00:03:41.040><c> is</c><00:03:41.200><c> a</c><00:03:41.280><c> good</c><00:03:41.599><c> story</c><00:03:42.239><c> of</c><00:03:42.560><c> well</c><00:03:42.799><c> me</c><00:03:43.040><c> starting</c>

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this is a good story of well me starting
 

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this is a good story of well me starting
a<00:03:43.440><c> company</c><00:03:43.920><c> and</c><00:03:44.080><c> then</c>

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a company and then
 

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a company and then
second<00:03:45.440><c> when</c><00:03:45.599><c> it</c><00:03:45.680><c> was</c><00:03:45.920><c> a</c><00:03:46.000><c> right</c><00:03:46.400><c> point</c><00:03:46.640><c> in</c><00:03:46.799><c> time</c>

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second when it was a right point in time
 

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second when it was a right point in time
to<00:03:47.280><c> kick</c><00:03:47.440><c> the</c><00:03:47.599><c> technology</c>

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to kick the technology
 

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to kick the technology
over<00:03:48.640><c> from</c><00:03:48.799><c> the</c><00:03:48.959><c> university</c><00:03:49.760><c> to</c><00:03:49.920><c> the</c>

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over from the university to the
 

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over from the university to the
commercial<00:03:50.560><c> side</c>

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commercial side
 

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commercial side
and<00:03:52.159><c> when</c><00:03:52.239><c> you</c><00:03:52.400><c> were</c><00:03:52.480><c> an</c><00:03:52.640><c> undergraduate</c><00:03:53.280><c> at</c>

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and when you were an undergraduate at
 

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and when you were an undergraduate at
the<00:03:53.680><c> grasp</c><00:03:54.159><c> lab</c><00:03:54.879><c> um</c>

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the grasp lab um
 

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the grasp lab um
what<00:03:55.519><c> was</c><00:03:55.760><c> it</c><00:03:55.840><c> like</c><00:03:56.000><c> to</c><00:03:56.159><c> work</c><00:03:56.400><c> there</c><00:03:57.120><c> what</c><00:03:57.280><c> time</c>

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what was it like to work there what time
 

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what was it like to work there what time
period<00:03:57.920><c> was</c><00:03:58.080><c> that</c>

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period was that
 

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period was that
what<00:03:58.560><c> was</c><00:03:58.720><c> going</c><00:03:58.959><c> on</c><00:03:59.120><c> there</c><00:03:59.760><c> how</c><00:03:59.920><c> did</c><00:04:00.000><c> you</c><00:04:00.080><c> know</c>

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what was going on there how did you know
 

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what was going on there how did you know
i<00:04:00.319><c> worked</c><00:04:00.400><c> in</c><00:04:00.480><c> the</c><00:04:00.560><c> grassland</c>

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i worked in the grassland
 

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i worked in the grassland
isn't<00:04:01.920><c> that</c><00:04:02.080><c> what</c><00:04:02.239><c> you</c><00:04:02.319><c> said</c><00:04:02.640><c> or</c><00:04:03.280><c> i</c><00:04:03.360><c> didn't</c><00:04:03.519><c> say</c>

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isn't that what you said or i didn't say
 

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isn't that what you said or i didn't say
it<00:04:03.840><c> oh</c><00:04:04.000><c> you</c><00:04:04.159><c> worked</c><00:04:04.400><c> with</c><00:04:04.560><c> regina</c>

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it oh you worked with regina
 

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it oh you worked with regina
you<00:04:06.400><c> but</c><00:04:06.560><c> you</c><00:04:06.720><c> you</c><00:04:06.879><c> inferred</c><00:04:07.200><c> correctly</c><00:04:08.080><c> so</c><00:04:08.319><c> i</c>

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you but you you inferred correctly so i
 

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you but you you inferred correctly so i
was<00:04:08.640><c> quite</c><00:04:08.879><c> fortunate</c>

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was quite fortunate
 

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was quite fortunate
to<00:04:10.000><c> have</c><00:04:10.239><c> had</c><00:04:10.400><c> the</c><00:04:10.560><c> opportunity</c><00:04:11.200><c> to</c><00:04:11.360><c> work</c><00:04:11.519><c> in</c>

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to have had the opportunity to work in
 

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to have had the opportunity to work in
the<00:04:11.760><c> grasp</c><00:04:12.159><c> lab</c>

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the grasp lab
 

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the grasp lab
regina<00:04:14.159><c> baichi's</c><00:04:14.720><c> group</c><00:04:15.439><c> working</c><00:04:15.760><c> there</c><00:04:16.079><c> was</c>

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regina baichi's group working there was
 

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regina baichi's group working there was
great

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great
 

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great
i<00:04:17.519><c> would</c><00:04:17.680><c> say</c><00:04:17.919><c> mainly</c><00:04:18.239><c> because</c><00:04:18.560><c> of</c><00:04:18.639><c> the</c><00:04:18.799><c> people</c>

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i would say mainly because of the people
 

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i would say mainly because of the people
they're<00:04:19.519><c> just</c><00:04:20.239><c> smart</c><00:04:20.639><c> hard-working</c><00:04:21.280><c> people</c>

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they're just smart hard-working people
 

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they're just smart hard-working people
who<00:04:22.079><c> are</c><00:04:22.240><c> willing</c><00:04:22.560><c> to</c><00:04:22.720><c> teach</c><00:04:22.960><c> me</c>

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who are willing to teach me
 

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who are willing to teach me
new<00:04:24.000><c> math</c><00:04:24.400><c> and</c><00:04:24.560><c> new</c><00:04:24.880><c> programming</c><00:04:26.240><c> tricks</c><00:04:26.639><c> as</c><00:04:26.880><c> i</c>

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new math and new programming tricks as i
 

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new math and new programming tricks as i
needed<00:04:27.360><c> them</c>

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needed them
 

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needed them
most<00:04:28.560><c> notably</c><00:04:29.040><c> was</c><00:04:29.199><c> a</c><00:04:29.280><c> woman</c><00:04:29.520><c> named</c><00:04:29.759><c> helen</c>

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most notably was a woman named helen
 

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most notably was a woman named helen
anderson<00:04:31.199><c> who</c>

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anderson who
 

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anderson who
uh<00:04:32.560><c> was</c><00:04:32.800><c> a</c><00:04:32.960><c> staff</c><00:04:33.280><c> member</c><00:04:33.759><c> in</c><00:04:33.919><c> the</c><00:04:34.080><c> grasp</c><00:04:34.479><c> lab</c>

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uh was a staff member in the grasp lab
 

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uh was a staff member in the grasp lab
she

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she
 

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she
not<00:04:35.440><c> only</c><00:04:35.759><c> taught</c><00:04:36.080><c> me</c><00:04:36.400><c> good</c><00:04:36.720><c> programming</c><00:04:38.000><c> and</c>

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not only taught me good programming and
 

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not only taught me good programming and
uh<00:04:39.600><c> some</c><00:04:39.840><c> robot</c><00:04:40.160><c> vision</c><00:04:40.479><c> but</c><00:04:40.639><c> i</c><00:04:40.720><c> also</c><00:04:40.960><c> got</c><00:04:41.120><c> to</c>

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uh some robot vision but i also got to
 

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uh some robot vision but i also got to
learn<00:04:41.600><c> a</c><00:04:41.840><c> little</c><00:04:42.000><c> bit</c><00:04:42.160><c> about</c>

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learn a little bit about
 

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learn a little bit about
writing<00:04:43.040><c> and</c><00:04:43.120><c> how</c><00:04:43.280><c> to</c><00:04:43.520><c> express</c><00:04:43.919><c> your</c><00:04:44.160><c> ideas</c>

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writing and how to express your ideas
 

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writing and how to express your ideas
from<00:04:44.639><c> her</c>

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and<00:04:47.120><c> that's</c><00:04:47.280><c> where</c><00:04:47.440><c> you</c><00:04:47.520><c> started</c><00:04:47.919><c> working</c><00:04:48.240><c> on</c>

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and that's where you started working on
 

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and that's where you started working on
vision<00:04:48.960><c> systems</c><00:04:49.600><c> there</c>

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vision systems there
 

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vision systems there
when<00:04:50.880><c> i</c><00:04:50.960><c> was</c><00:04:51.120><c> working</c><00:04:51.360><c> in</c><00:04:51.440><c> the</c><00:04:51.520><c> grasp</c><00:04:51.919><c> lab</c><00:04:52.320><c> i</c>

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when i was working in the grasp lab i
 

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when i was working in the grasp lab i
worked<00:04:52.800><c> solely</c><00:04:53.280><c> on</c><00:04:53.520><c> robot</c><00:04:54.000><c> vision</c><00:04:54.320><c> because</c>

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worked solely on robot vision because
 

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worked solely on robot vision because
that<00:04:54.800><c> was</c><00:04:54.960><c> my</c><00:04:55.199><c> job</c>

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that was my job
 

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that was my job
it<00:04:56.240><c> wasn't</c><00:04:56.560><c> my</c><00:04:56.800><c> interest</c><00:04:57.199><c> or</c><00:04:57.360><c> my</c><00:04:57.520><c> first</c><00:04:57.759><c> choice</c>

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it wasn't my interest or my first choice
 

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it wasn't my interest or my first choice
interest<00:04:58.560><c> however</c><00:04:59.040><c> i'm</c><00:04:59.360><c> incredibly</c><00:05:00.000><c> grateful</c>

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interest however i'm incredibly grateful
 

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interest however i'm incredibly grateful
for<00:05:01.039><c> that</c><00:05:01.199><c> opportunity</c><00:05:01.919><c> because</c><00:05:02.320><c> i</c><00:05:02.400><c> think</c><00:05:02.639><c> if</c>

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for that opportunity because i think if
 

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for that opportunity because i think if
i<00:05:02.880><c> had</c><00:05:03.039><c> been</c><00:05:03.199><c> left</c><00:05:03.360><c> to</c><00:05:03.520><c> my</c><00:05:03.600><c> own</c><00:05:03.759><c> devices</c>

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i had been left to my own devices
 

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i had been left to my own devices
that's<00:05:04.880><c> an</c><00:05:05.120><c> area</c><00:05:05.440><c> of</c><00:05:05.520><c> robotics</c><00:05:06.080><c> i</c><00:05:06.479><c> otherwise</c>

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that's an area of robotics i otherwise
 

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that's an area of robotics i otherwise
would<00:05:07.039><c> not</c><00:05:07.199><c> have</c><00:05:07.280><c> explored</c><00:05:07.680><c> on</c><00:05:07.759><c> my</c><00:05:08.840><c> own</c>

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would not have explored on my own
 

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would not have explored on my own
and<00:05:10.400><c> then</c><00:05:11.759><c> did</c><00:05:12.000><c> you</c><00:05:12.160><c> decide</c><00:05:12.479><c> immediately</c><00:05:12.960><c> to</c>

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and then did you decide immediately to
 

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and then did you decide immediately to
go<00:05:13.199><c> on</c><00:05:13.360><c> to</c><00:05:13.520><c> graduate</c><00:05:13.919><c> school</c><00:05:14.400><c> and</c>

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go on to graduate school and
 

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go on to graduate school and
where<00:05:14.960><c> did</c><00:05:15.120><c> you</c><00:05:15.199><c> go</c><00:05:16.479><c> so</c><00:05:16.639><c> i</c><00:05:16.880><c> decided</c><00:05:17.360><c> in</c><00:05:17.440><c> my</c>

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where did you go so i decided in my
 

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where did you go so i decided in my
freshman<00:05:18.080><c> year</c><00:05:18.320><c> of</c><00:05:18.479><c> college</c><00:05:18.960><c> when</c><00:05:19.199><c> i</c><00:05:19.199><c> was</c><00:05:19.360><c> at</c>

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freshman year of college when i was at
 

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freshman year of college when i was at
the<00:05:19.520><c> university</c><00:05:19.840><c> of</c><00:05:19.919><c> pennsylvania</c><00:05:20.560><c> that</c><00:05:20.720><c> i</c>

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the university of pennsylvania that i
 

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the university of pennsylvania that i
wanted<00:05:21.039><c> to</c><00:05:21.120><c> go</c><00:05:21.280><c> to</c><00:05:21.440><c> graduate</c><00:05:21.840><c> school</c>

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wanted to go to graduate school
 

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wanted to go to graduate school
i<00:05:22.960><c> really</c><00:05:23.759><c> love</c><00:05:24.000><c> the</c><00:05:24.240><c> academic</c><00:05:24.800><c> environment</c><00:05:25.360><c> i</c>

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i really love the academic environment i
 

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i really love the academic environment i
like<00:05:25.680><c> how</c><00:05:25.919><c> people</c><00:05:26.240><c> come</c><00:05:26.479><c> together</c>

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like how people come together
 

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like how people come together
and<00:05:27.199><c> brainstorm</c><00:05:27.759><c> my</c><00:05:27.919><c> new</c><00:05:28.160><c> ideas</c><00:05:29.120><c> and</c><00:05:29.199><c> then</c><00:05:29.360><c> the</c>

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and brainstorm my new ideas and then the
 

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and brainstorm my new ideas and then the
rigor<00:05:29.919><c> it</c><00:05:30.080><c> takes</c><00:05:30.400><c> to</c><00:05:30.560><c> prove</c><00:05:30.880><c> those</c><00:05:31.120><c> ideas</c>

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rigor it takes to prove those ideas
 

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rigor it takes to prove those ideas
so<00:05:32.160><c> for</c><00:05:32.320><c> that</c><00:05:32.400><c> reason</c><00:05:32.639><c> i</c><00:05:32.720><c> wanted</c><00:05:32.960><c> to</c><00:05:33.039><c> go</c><00:05:33.199><c> to</c>

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so for that reason i wanted to go to
 

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so for that reason i wanted to go to
grad<00:05:33.600><c> school</c><00:05:34.479><c> eventually</c>

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grad school eventually
 

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grad school eventually
i<00:05:35.440><c> went</c><00:05:35.840><c> to</c><00:05:36.320><c> the</c><00:05:36.479><c> california</c><00:05:37.039><c> institute</c><00:05:37.360><c> of</c>

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i went to the california institute of
 

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i went to the california institute of
technology<00:05:38.080><c> caltech</c>

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technology caltech
 

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technology caltech
in<00:05:39.759><c> pasadena</c><00:05:40.320><c> california</c><00:05:41.759><c> my</c><00:05:42.000><c> advisor</c><00:05:42.400><c> there</c>

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in pasadena california my advisor there
 

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in pasadena california my advisor there
was<00:05:43.600><c> joel</c><00:05:43.919><c> burdick</c><00:05:44.560><c> and</c><00:05:44.720><c> it's</c><00:05:44.880><c> worth</c><00:05:45.199><c> noting</c>

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was joel burdick and it's worth noting
 

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was joel burdick and it's worth noting
that<00:05:46.080><c> when</c><00:05:46.320><c> i</c><00:05:46.560><c> went</c>

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that when i went
 

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that when i went
to<00:05:47.520><c> graduate</c><00:05:48.000><c> school</c><00:05:48.320><c> my</c><00:05:48.560><c> major</c><00:05:48.880><c> was</c>

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to graduate school my major was
 

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to graduate school my major was
mechanical<00:05:49.680><c> engineering</c>

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mechanical engineering
 

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mechanical engineering
that<00:05:50.639><c> was</c><00:05:50.880><c> a</c><00:05:51.039><c> change</c><00:05:51.520><c> from</c><00:05:51.840><c> computer</c><00:05:52.320><c> science</c>

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that was a change from computer science
 

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that was a change from computer science
to<00:05:52.960><c> mechanical</c><00:05:53.440><c> engineering</c>

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to mechanical engineering
 

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to mechanical engineering
that<00:05:54.560><c> was</c><00:05:54.720><c> a</c><00:05:54.800><c> very</c><00:05:55.199><c> hard</c><00:05:55.680><c> and</c><00:05:55.840><c> difficult</c>

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that was a very hard and difficult
 

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that was a very hard and difficult
change<00:05:56.560><c> for</c><00:05:56.720><c> me</c><00:05:56.960><c> because</c>

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change for me because
 

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change for me because
all<00:05:57.919><c> of</c><00:05:58.080><c> the</c><00:05:58.319><c> math</c><00:05:58.720><c> and</c><00:05:58.960><c> background</c><00:05:59.440><c> that</c>

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all of the math and background that
 

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all of the math and background that
mecha<00:06:00.240><c> graduate</c><00:06:00.639><c> mechanical</c><00:06:01.039><c> engineers</c><00:06:01.440><c> have</c>

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mecha graduate mechanical engineers have
 

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mecha graduate mechanical engineers have
i<00:06:02.080><c> didn't</c><00:06:02.400><c> have</c><00:06:03.120><c> but</c><00:06:03.280><c> i</c><00:06:03.440><c> have</c><00:06:03.520><c> to</c><00:06:03.680><c> say</c><00:06:03.919><c> it's</c>

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i didn't have but i have to say it's
 

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i didn't have but i have to say it's
been<00:06:04.240><c> an</c><00:06:04.400><c> incredibly</c>

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been an incredibly
 

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been an incredibly
excuse<00:06:05.759><c> me</c><00:06:06.000><c> i</c><00:06:06.080><c> have</c><00:06:06.160><c> to</c><00:06:06.319><c> say</c><00:06:06.560><c> it</c><00:06:06.800><c> was</c><00:06:07.039><c> an</c>

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excuse me i have to say it was an
 

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excuse me i have to say it was an
incredibly<00:06:07.759><c> worthwhile</c><00:06:08.319><c> experience</c>

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incredibly worthwhile experience
 

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incredibly worthwhile experience
because<00:06:10.000><c> it</c><00:06:10.240><c> really</c><00:06:10.560><c> set</c><00:06:10.800><c> the</c><00:06:11.120><c> pace</c><00:06:11.440><c> and</c><00:06:11.520><c> the</c>

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because it really set the pace and the
 

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because it really set the pace and the
tone<00:06:12.000><c> for</c><00:06:12.160><c> the</c><00:06:12.240><c> kind</c><00:06:12.400><c> of</c><00:06:12.479><c> work</c><00:06:12.720><c> that</c><00:06:12.800><c> my</c>

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tone for the kind of work that my
 

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tone for the kind of work that my
research<00:06:13.360><c> group</c><00:06:13.520><c> does</c><00:06:13.759><c> today</c>

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research group does today
 

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research group does today
and<00:06:14.800><c> what</c><00:06:14.960><c> was</c><00:06:15.120><c> it</c><00:06:15.199><c> like</c><00:06:15.360><c> working</c><00:06:15.680><c> with</c><00:06:15.840><c> joel</c>

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and what was it like working with joel
 

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and what was it like working with joel
burdick<00:06:17.360><c> working</c><00:06:17.680><c> with</c><00:06:17.759><c> joel</c><00:06:18.000><c> burdick</c><00:06:18.400><c> was</c>

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burdick working with joel burdick was
 

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burdick working with joel burdick was
great

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great
 

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great
just<00:06:19.440><c> a</c><00:06:19.600><c> phenomenal</c><00:06:20.240><c> advisor</c><00:06:20.960><c> he</c><00:06:21.600><c> has</c>

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just a phenomenal advisor he has
 

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just a phenomenal advisor he has
well<00:06:22.560><c> he's</c><00:06:22.800><c> very</c><00:06:23.120><c> down</c><00:06:23.280><c> to</c><00:06:23.440><c> earth</c><00:06:23.680><c> he's</c><00:06:23.840><c> very</c>

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well he's very down to earth he's very
 

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well he's very down to earth he's very
kind<00:06:24.800><c> but</c><00:06:25.039><c> he's</c><00:06:25.280><c> also</c><00:06:25.600><c> incredibly</c><00:06:26.240><c> smart</c>

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kind but he's also incredibly smart
 

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kind but he's also incredibly smart
he<00:06:26.880><c> brings</c><00:06:27.199><c> an</c><00:06:27.280><c> incredible</c><00:06:27.840><c> perspective</c><00:06:28.720><c> he</c>

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he brings an incredible perspective he
 

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he brings an incredible perspective he
was<00:06:29.120><c> able</c><00:06:29.280><c> to</c><00:06:29.360><c> direct</c><00:06:29.600><c> me</c><00:06:29.759><c> where</c><00:06:29.919><c> to</c><00:06:30.080><c> go</c>

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was able to direct me where to go
 

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was able to direct me where to go
but<00:06:30.800><c> on</c><00:06:30.880><c> the</c><00:06:30.960><c> flip</c><00:06:31.199><c> side</c><00:06:31.440><c> he</c><00:06:31.520><c> gave</c><00:06:31.680><c> me</c>

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but on the flip side he gave me
 

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but on the flip side he gave me
incredible<00:06:32.639><c> amounts</c><00:06:33.120><c> of</c><00:06:33.280><c> autonomy</c>

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incredible amounts of autonomy
 

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incredible amounts of autonomy
so<00:06:34.479><c> i</c><00:06:34.560><c> would</c><00:06:34.800><c> say</c><00:06:35.120><c> i</c><00:06:35.199><c> was</c><00:06:35.440><c> well</c><00:06:35.759><c> supported</c><00:06:36.639><c> and</c>

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so i would say i was well supported and
 

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so i would say i was well supported and
well<00:06:39.199><c> uh</c><00:06:39.759><c> well</c><00:06:40.000><c> directed</c><00:06:40.560><c> or</c><00:06:40.800><c> how</c>

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well uh well directed or how
 

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well uh well directed or how
was<00:06:41.280><c> the</c><00:06:41.360><c> world</c><00:06:41.759><c> so</c><00:06:41.840><c> i</c><00:06:42.000><c> was</c><00:06:42.080><c> well</c><00:06:42.319><c> supported</c>

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was the world so i was well supported
 

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was the world so i was well supported
yet<00:06:43.039><c> i</c><00:06:43.199><c> had</c><00:06:43.360><c> great</c><00:06:43.600><c> autonomy</c>

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yet i had great autonomy
 

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yet i had great autonomy
great<00:06:45.759><c> and</c><00:06:46.160><c> what</c><00:06:46.319><c> was</c><00:06:46.479><c> your</c><00:06:46.800><c> thesis</c><00:06:47.199><c> project</c>

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great and what was your thesis project
 

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great and what was your thesis project
my<00:06:48.720><c> thesis</c><00:06:49.199><c> project</c><00:06:50.160><c> was</c><00:06:50.400><c> entitled</c><00:06:50.880><c> the</c>

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my thesis project was entitled the
 

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my thesis project was entitled the
hierarchical<00:06:51.919><c> generalized</c><00:06:52.639><c> warning</c><00:06:53.199><c> graph</c>

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hierarchical generalized warning graph
 

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hierarchical generalized warning graph
at<00:06:54.400><c> the</c><00:06:54.560><c> time</c><00:06:54.960><c> i</c><00:06:55.039><c> was</c><00:06:55.280><c> interested</c><00:06:56.160><c> in</c>

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at the time i was interested in
 

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at the time i was interested in
getting<00:06:58.400><c> high</c><00:06:58.639><c> degree</c><00:06:58.880><c> of</c><00:06:58.960><c> freedom</c><00:06:59.360><c> systems</c>

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getting high degree of freedom systems
 

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getting high degree of freedom systems
like<00:07:00.000><c> a</c><00:07:00.080><c> snake</c><00:07:00.400><c> robot</c><00:07:00.800><c> to</c><00:07:01.039><c> explore</c><00:07:01.520><c> an</c>

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like a snake robot to explore an
 

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like a snake robot to explore an
unknown<00:07:02.240><c> three-dimensional</c><00:07:03.039><c> space</c><00:07:03.759><c> however</c>

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unknown three-dimensional space however
 

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unknown three-dimensional space however
that<00:07:04.319><c> problem</c><00:07:04.560><c> was</c><00:07:04.800><c> way</c><00:07:05.039><c> too</c><00:07:05.280><c> hard</c>

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that problem was way too hard
 

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that problem was way too hard
so<00:07:07.199><c> joel</c><00:07:07.599><c> and</c><00:07:07.759><c> i</c><00:07:08.080><c> focused</c><00:07:08.639><c> on</c>

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so joel and i focused on
 

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so joel and i focused on
just<00:07:09.599><c> having</c><00:07:10.000><c> a</c><00:07:10.240><c> point</c><00:07:11.280><c> explore</c><00:07:11.840><c> a</c>

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just having a point explore a
 

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just having a point explore a
three-dimensional<00:07:12.880><c> space</c>

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three-dimensional space
 

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three-dimensional space
exploring<00:07:14.240><c> a</c><00:07:14.319><c> two-dimensional</c><00:07:14.960><c> space</c><00:07:15.360><c> isn't</c>

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exploring a two-dimensional space isn't
 

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exploring a two-dimensional space isn't
that<00:07:15.919><c> hard</c><00:07:16.639><c> when</c><00:07:16.880><c> things</c><00:07:17.120><c> go</c><00:07:17.280><c> into</c><00:07:17.520><c> three</c>

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that hard when things go into three
 

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that hard when things go into three
dimensions

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dimensions
 

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dimensions
there's<00:07:19.599><c> all</c><00:07:19.680><c> these</c><00:07:19.840><c> subtleties</c><00:07:20.400><c> and</c><00:07:20.479><c> nuances</c>

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there's all these subtleties and nuances
 

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there's all these subtleties and nuances
that<00:07:21.280><c> one</c><00:07:21.599><c> doesn't</c><00:07:22.000><c> ex</c>

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that one doesn't ex
 

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that one doesn't ex
normally<00:07:23.199><c> expects</c><00:07:24.479><c> to</c><00:07:24.720><c> have</c><00:07:25.039><c> as</c><00:07:25.120><c> a</c><00:07:25.199><c> difficult</c>

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normally expects to have as a difficult
 

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normally expects to have as a difficult
problem

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problem
 

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problem
that's<00:07:26.560><c> mainly</c><00:07:26.880><c> because</c><00:07:27.280><c> we</c><00:07:27.520><c> are</c>

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that's mainly because we are
 

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that's mainly because we are
two-dimensional<00:07:28.319><c> thinkers</c><00:07:29.039><c> by</c><00:07:29.280><c> our</c><00:07:29.360><c> very</c>

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two-dimensional thinkers by our very
 

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two-dimensional thinkers by our very
nature

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nature
 

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nature
and<00:07:31.759><c> were</c><00:07:31.919><c> you</c><00:07:32.080><c> working</c><00:07:32.400><c> with</c><00:07:32.639><c> some</c>

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and were you working with some
 

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and were you working with some
theoretical<00:07:34.080><c> models</c><00:07:34.400><c> or</c><00:07:34.560><c> did</c><00:07:34.720><c> you</c><00:07:34.800><c> have</c><00:07:34.880><c> an</c>

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theoretical models or did you have an
 

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theoretical models or did you have an
actual<00:07:35.360><c> snake</c><00:07:35.680><c> robot</c><00:07:36.080><c> that</c><00:07:36.240><c> you</c><00:07:36.400><c> were</c><00:07:36.479><c> working</c>

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actual snake robot that you were working
 

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actual snake robot that you were working
with

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with
 

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with
so<00:07:37.919><c> at</c><00:07:38.080><c> the</c><00:07:38.240><c> time</c><00:07:39.199><c> i</c><00:07:39.360><c> was</c><00:07:39.599><c> not</c><00:07:39.919><c> working</c><00:07:40.560><c> with</c><00:07:40.880><c> a</c>

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so at the time i was not working with a
 

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so at the time i was not working with a
snake<00:07:41.599><c> robot</c><00:07:42.000><c> to</c><00:07:42.240><c> explore</c><00:07:42.639><c> a</c>

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snake robot to explore a
 

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snake robot to explore a
three-dimensional<00:07:43.440><c> space</c><00:07:43.840><c> because</c><00:07:44.000><c> we</c>

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three-dimensional space because we
 

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three-dimensional space because we
didn't<00:07:44.400><c> have</c><00:07:44.720><c> such</c><00:07:44.960><c> a</c><00:07:45.039><c> snake</c><00:07:45.440><c> robot</c>

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didn't have such a snake robot
 

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didn't have such a snake robot
so<00:07:47.120><c> what</c><00:07:47.440><c> my</c><00:07:47.840><c> thesis</c><00:07:48.240><c> work</c><00:07:48.479><c> did</c><00:07:48.720><c> was</c><00:07:48.960><c> derive</c>

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so what my thesis work did was derive
 

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so what my thesis work did was derive
the<00:07:49.680><c> theory</c>

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the theory
 

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the theory
for<00:07:51.520><c> how</c><00:07:51.840><c> one</c><00:07:52.160><c> could</c><00:07:52.400><c> explore</c><00:07:53.680><c> map</c>

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for how one could explore map
 

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for how one could explore map
and<00:07:54.400><c> then</c><00:07:54.560><c> use</c><00:07:54.800><c> that</c><00:07:54.960><c> map</c><00:07:55.120><c> for</c><00:07:55.280><c> future</c>

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and then use that map for future
 

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and then use that map for future
excursions<00:07:56.319><c> into</c><00:07:56.560><c> three-dimensional</c>

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excursions into three-dimensional
 

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excursions into three-dimensional
environments

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environments
 

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environments
only<00:07:58.639><c> using</c><00:07:59.199><c> line</c><00:07:59.440><c> of</c><00:07:59.599><c> sight</c><00:08:00.160><c> or</c><00:08:00.479><c> sensor</c><00:08:00.879><c> data</c>

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only using line of sight or sensor data
 

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only using line of sight or sensor data
when<00:08:02.479><c> it</c><00:08:02.639><c> came</c><00:08:02.879><c> time</c><00:08:03.120><c> for</c><00:08:03.280><c> me</c><00:08:03.440><c> to</c><00:08:03.520><c> demonstrate</c>

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when it came time for me to demonstrate
 

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when it came time for me to demonstrate
the<00:08:04.160><c> ideas</c><00:08:04.560><c> for</c><00:08:04.639><c> my</c><00:08:04.800><c> thesis</c>

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the ideas for my thesis
 

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the ideas for my thesis
i<00:08:05.599><c> ended</c><00:08:05.840><c> up</c><00:08:06.000><c> using</c><00:08:06.319><c> a</c><00:08:06.560><c> mobile</c><00:08:07.039><c> robot</c><00:08:08.000><c> to</c>

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i ended up using a mobile robot to
 

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i ended up using a mobile robot to
construct<00:08:08.639><c> a</c><00:08:08.800><c> special</c>

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construct a special
 

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construct a special
planar<00:08:10.560><c> case</c><00:08:10.960><c> of</c><00:08:11.120><c> the</c><00:08:11.280><c> three-dimensional</c>

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planar case of the three-dimensional
 

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planar case of the three-dimensional
structure<00:08:12.240><c> that</c><00:08:12.400><c> my</c><00:08:12.639><c> thesis</c><00:08:13.039><c> were</c>

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structure that my thesis were
 

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structure that my thesis were
prescribed<00:08:16.000><c> and</c><00:08:16.080><c> when</c><00:08:16.319><c> was</c><00:08:16.479><c> the</c><00:08:16.560><c> first</c><00:08:16.800><c> time</c>

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prescribed and when was the first time
 

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prescribed and when was the first time
you<00:08:17.120><c> got</c><00:08:17.280><c> to</c>

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you got to
 

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you got to
work<00:08:17.919><c> with</c><00:08:18.160><c> an</c><00:08:18.319><c> actual</c><00:08:18.639><c> snake</c><00:08:19.039><c> robot</c><00:08:20.400><c> the</c>

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work with an actual snake robot the
 

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work with an actual snake robot the
first<00:08:20.720><c> snake</c><00:08:21.039><c> robot</c><00:08:21.440><c> i</c><00:08:21.520><c> worked</c><00:08:21.759><c> with</c>

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first snake robot i worked with
 

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first snake robot i worked with
was<00:08:22.560><c> the</c><00:08:22.720><c> one</c><00:08:22.960><c> that</c><00:08:23.199><c> joel</c><00:08:23.520><c> burdick</c><00:08:24.000><c> and</c><00:08:24.240><c> greg</c>

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was the one that joel burdick and greg
 

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was the one that joel burdick and greg
churychian

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churychian
 

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churychian
then<00:08:25.759><c> his</c><00:08:25.919><c> grad</c><00:08:26.319><c> student</c><00:08:26.720><c> now</c><00:08:26.879><c> a</c><00:08:27.039><c> professor</c><00:08:27.440><c> at</c>

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then his grad student now a professor at
 

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then his grad student now a professor at
johns<00:08:27.759><c> hopkins</c><00:08:28.160><c> university</c>

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johns hopkins university
 

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johns hopkins university
uh<00:08:29.599><c> built</c><00:08:30.560><c> before</c><00:08:30.960><c> i</c><00:08:31.280><c> was</c><00:08:31.520><c> working</c><00:08:31.840><c> on</c><00:08:31.919><c> my</c>

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uh built before i was working on my
 

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uh built before i was working on my
thesis<00:08:32.479><c> project</c><00:08:32.959><c> i</c><00:08:33.120><c> developed</c>

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thesis project i developed
 

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thesis project i developed
a<00:08:34.240><c> local</c><00:08:34.800><c> sensor-based</c><00:08:35.440><c> planners</c><00:08:35.919><c> that</c>

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a local sensor-based planners that
 

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a local sensor-based planners that
allowed

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allowed
 

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allowed
greg's<00:08:37.599><c> snake</c><00:08:38.000><c> robot</c><00:08:38.399><c> to</c><00:08:38.560><c> avoid</c><00:08:39.440><c> nearby</c>

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greg's snake robot to avoid nearby
 

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greg's snake robot to avoid nearby
obstacles

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obstacles
 

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obstacles
when<00:08:41.200><c> going</c><00:08:41.360><c> from</c><00:08:41.599><c> say</c><00:08:41.760><c> a</c><00:08:41.919><c> start</c><00:08:42.080><c> position</c><00:08:42.399><c> to</c>

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when going from say a start position to
 

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when going from say a start position to
a<00:08:42.640><c> goal</c><00:08:42.800><c> location</c>

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a goal location
 

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a goal location
okay<00:08:44.959><c> and</c><00:08:45.279><c> when</c><00:08:45.519><c> was</c><00:08:45.680><c> that</c><00:08:45.839><c> where</c><00:08:46.720><c> the</c><00:08:46.880><c> work</c><00:08:47.120><c> i</c>

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okay and when was that where the work i
 

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okay and when was that where the work i
did

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did
 

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did
in<00:08:48.240><c> avoiding</c><00:08:48.800><c> local</c><00:08:49.040><c> obstacles</c><00:08:49.519><c> and</c><00:08:49.600><c> i</c><00:08:49.680><c> should</c>

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in avoiding local obstacles and i should
 

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in avoiding local obstacles and i should
acknowledge<00:08:50.560><c> was</c><00:08:50.720><c> with</c>

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acknowledge was with
 

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acknowledge was with
um<00:08:52.080><c> let</c><00:08:52.160><c> me</c><00:08:52.320><c> say</c><00:08:52.560><c> again</c><00:08:53.120><c> the</c><00:08:53.279><c> work</c><00:08:53.519><c> that</c><00:08:53.680><c> i</c><00:08:54.000><c> did</c>

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um let me say again the work that i did
 

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um let me say again the work that i did
in<00:08:55.279><c> local</c><00:08:55.680><c> sensor-based</c><00:08:56.240><c> planning</c><00:08:56.640><c> for</c><00:08:56.800><c> snake</c>

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in local sensor-based planning for snake
 

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in local sensor-based planning for snake
robots<00:08:58.000><c> was</c><00:08:58.320><c> also</c><00:08:58.640><c> with</c><00:08:58.959><c> a</c><00:08:59.200><c> japanese</c>

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robots was also with a japanese
 

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robots was also with a japanese
researcher<00:09:00.240><c> nabaki</c><00:09:00.959><c> takanashi</c>

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researcher nabaki takanashi
 

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researcher nabaki takanashi
and<00:09:02.240><c> this</c><00:09:02.480><c> is</c><00:09:02.800><c> work</c><00:09:03.200><c> that</c><00:09:03.360><c> we</c><00:09:03.600><c> did</c><00:09:04.080><c> in</c><00:09:06.839><c> 1993.</c>

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and this is work that we did in 1993.
 

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and this is work that we did in 1993.
so<00:09:09.360><c> when</c><00:09:09.519><c> did</c><00:09:09.680><c> you</c><00:09:09.760><c> finish</c><00:09:10.480><c> your</c><00:09:10.720><c> phd</c><00:09:12.000><c> i</c>

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so when did you finish your phd i
 

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so when did you finish your phd i
finished<00:09:12.560><c> my</c><00:09:12.720><c> phd</c><00:09:13.279><c> from</c><00:09:13.519><c> caltech</c><00:09:14.000><c> in</c><00:09:14.160><c> 1996.</c>

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finished my phd from caltech in 1996.
 

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finished my phd from caltech in 1996.
actually<00:09:16.240><c> it</c><00:09:16.320><c> was</c><00:09:16.560><c> march</c><00:09:17.120><c> 3rd</c><00:09:17.440><c> 1996.</c>

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uh<00:09:21.440><c> were</c><00:09:21.600><c> there</c><00:09:21.760><c> any</c><00:09:21.920><c> other</c><00:09:22.080><c> notable</c><00:09:22.720><c> projects</c>

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uh were there any other notable projects
 

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uh were there any other notable projects
or<00:09:23.279><c> collaborations</c>

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or collaborations
 

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or collaborations
during<00:09:24.640><c> your</c><00:09:25.200><c> graduate</c><00:09:25.600><c> work</c><00:09:27.200><c> during</c><00:09:27.440><c> my</c>

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during your graduate work during my
 

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during your graduate work during my
graduate<00:09:27.920><c> work</c><00:09:28.240><c> i</c><00:09:28.320><c> was</c><00:09:28.560><c> fortunate</c><00:09:29.040><c> to</c><00:09:29.279><c> work</c>

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graduate work i was fortunate to work
 

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graduate work i was fortunate to work
with<00:09:31.120><c> a</c><00:09:31.200><c> lot</c><00:09:31.440><c> of</c><00:09:31.600><c> other</c><00:09:31.920><c> students</c><00:09:32.320><c> who</c><00:09:32.480><c> had</c>

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with a lot of other students who had
 

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with a lot of other students who had
strong<00:09:33.200><c> math</c><00:09:33.519><c> backgrounds</c><00:09:34.080><c> the</c><00:09:34.240><c> two</c><00:09:34.480><c> people</c>

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strong math backgrounds the two people
 

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strong math backgrounds the two people
who<00:09:34.959><c> stand</c><00:09:35.360><c> out</c><00:09:35.519><c> the</c><00:09:35.680><c> most</c>

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who stand out the most
 

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who stand out the most
are<00:09:36.399><c> andrew</c><00:09:36.800><c> lewis</c><00:09:37.279><c> who's</c><00:09:37.519><c> now</c><00:09:37.680><c> a</c><00:09:37.839><c> professor</c>

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are andrew lewis who's now a professor
 

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are andrew lewis who's now a professor
of<00:09:38.560><c> maths</c>

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of maths
 

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of maths
at<00:09:40.480><c> queen's</c><00:09:40.800><c> college</c><00:09:41.120><c> in</c><00:09:41.279><c> canada</c><00:09:41.760><c> and</c><00:09:41.839><c> the</c>

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at queen's college in canada and the
 

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at queen's college in canada and the
other<00:09:42.240><c> is</c><00:09:42.399><c> jim</c><00:09:42.640><c> ostrowski</c>

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other is jim ostrowski
 

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other is jim ostrowski
who<00:09:43.920><c> works</c><00:09:44.160><c> for</c><00:09:44.320><c> a</c><00:09:44.399><c> small</c><00:09:44.720><c> company</c><00:09:44.959><c> in</c><00:09:45.120><c> the</c><00:09:45.200><c> bay</c>

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who works for a small company in the bay
 

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who works for a small company in the bay
area

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great<00:09:48.240><c> and</c><00:09:49.040><c> did</c><00:09:49.200><c> you</c><00:09:49.279><c> go</c><00:09:49.519><c> on</c><00:09:49.680><c> for</c><00:09:49.920><c> a</c><00:09:50.240><c> post-doc</c>

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great and did you go on for a post-doc
 

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great and did you go on for a post-doc
after<00:09:51.839><c> your</c><00:09:52.000><c> phd</c><00:09:52.720><c> or</c>

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answer<00:09:55.360><c> a</c><00:09:55.440><c> slightly</c><00:09:55.760><c> different</c><00:09:56.080><c> question</c>

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answer a slightly different question
 

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answer a slightly different question
sure<00:09:57.440><c> during</c><00:09:57.760><c> my</c><00:09:58.000><c> time</c>

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sure during my time
 

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sure during my time
as<00:09:58.640><c> a</c><00:09:58.720><c> phd</c><00:09:59.360><c> student</c><00:10:00.000><c> i</c><00:10:00.240><c> was</c><00:10:00.480><c> fortunate</c><00:10:00.880><c> enough</c>

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as a phd student i was fortunate enough
 

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as a phd student i was fortunate enough
to<00:10:01.120><c> be</c><00:10:01.279><c> selected</c><00:10:01.680><c> to</c><00:10:01.839><c> go</c><00:10:02.000><c> on</c><00:10:02.079><c> a</c><00:10:02.240><c> program</c><00:10:02.720><c> that</c>

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to be selected to go on a program that
 

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to be selected to go on a program that
the<00:10:02.959><c> national</c><00:10:03.360><c> science</c><00:10:03.680><c> foundation</c>

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the national science foundation
 

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the national science foundation
sponsored

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sponsored
 

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sponsored
where<00:10:05.680><c> i</c><00:10:05.839><c> worked</c><00:10:06.399><c> in</c><00:10:06.720><c> a</c><00:10:06.880><c> japanese</c><00:10:07.600><c> lab</c>

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where i worked in a japanese lab
 

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where i worked in a japanese lab
part<00:10:08.959><c> of</c><00:10:09.040><c> that</c><00:10:09.360><c> program</c><00:10:10.240><c> included</c><00:10:11.040><c> my</c><00:10:11.440><c> visits</c>

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part of that program included my visits
 

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part of that program included my visits
to<00:10:12.000><c> other</c><00:10:12.240><c> japanese</c><00:10:12.800><c> labs</c><00:10:13.200><c> and</c><00:10:13.360><c> in</c><00:10:13.440><c> one</c><00:10:13.600><c> of</c>

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to other japanese labs and in one of
 

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to other japanese labs and in one of
those<00:10:13.920><c> visits</c>

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those visits
 

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those visits
i<00:10:14.959><c> became</c><00:10:15.360><c> friends</c><00:10:15.920><c> with</c><00:10:16.320><c> keiji</c><00:10:16.839><c> nagatani</c>

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i became friends with keiji nagatani
 

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i became friends with keiji nagatani
he's<00:10:18.079><c> now</c><00:10:18.240><c> a</c><00:10:18.399><c> professor</c><00:10:18.800><c> to</c><00:10:18.959><c> hoku</c>

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he's now a professor to hoku
 

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he's now a professor to hoku
university<00:10:20.399><c> but</c><00:10:20.560><c> he</c><00:10:20.800><c> served</c><00:10:21.120><c> as</c><00:10:21.200><c> my</c><00:10:21.440><c> postdoc</c>

00:10:21.990 --> 00:10:22.000 align:start position:0%
university but he served as my postdoc
 

00:10:22.000 --> 00:10:22.670 align:start position:0%
university but he served as my postdoc
from

00:10:22.670 --> 00:10:22.680 align:start position:0%
from
 

00:10:22.680 --> 00:10:27.430 align:start position:0%
from
1998<00:10:23.680><c> to</c><00:10:23.839><c> 2000.</c>

00:10:27.430 --> 00:10:27.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:10:27.440 --> 00:10:28.630 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:10:27.519><c> what</c><00:10:27.680><c> kind</c><00:10:27.839><c> of</c><00:10:27.920><c> projects</c><00:10:28.320><c> were</c><00:10:28.480><c> you</c>

00:10:28.630 --> 00:10:28.640 align:start position:0%
and what kind of projects were you
 

00:10:28.640 --> 00:10:30.949 align:start position:0%
and what kind of projects were you
working<00:10:28.959><c> on</c><00:10:29.120><c> in</c><00:10:29.279><c> japan</c>

00:10:30.949 --> 00:10:30.959 align:start position:0%
working on in japan
 

00:10:30.959 --> 00:10:33.110 align:start position:0%
working on in japan
when<00:10:31.120><c> i</c><00:10:31.200><c> was</c><00:10:31.360><c> working</c><00:10:31.680><c> in</c><00:10:31.839><c> japan</c><00:10:32.560><c> i</c><00:10:32.720><c> worked</c><00:10:32.959><c> on</c>

00:10:33.110 --> 00:10:33.120 align:start position:0%
when i was working in japan i worked on
 

00:10:33.120 --> 00:10:34.230 align:start position:0%
when i was working in japan i worked on
a<00:10:33.360><c> manipulation</c>

00:10:34.230 --> 00:10:34.240 align:start position:0%
a manipulation
 

00:10:34.240 --> 00:10:36.069 align:start position:0%
a manipulation
project<00:10:34.720><c> really</c><00:10:34.959><c> it</c><00:10:34.959><c> was</c><00:10:35.120><c> a</c><00:10:35.519><c> how</c><00:10:35.680><c> to</c><00:10:35.760><c> have</c><00:10:35.920><c> a</c>

00:10:36.069 --> 00:10:36.079 align:start position:0%
project really it was a how to have a
 

00:10:36.079 --> 00:10:37.590 align:start position:0%
project really it was a how to have a
single<00:10:36.399><c> finger</c><00:10:37.120><c> sense</c>

00:10:37.590 --> 00:10:37.600 align:start position:0%
single finger sense
 

00:10:37.600 --> 00:10:39.670 align:start position:0%
single finger sense
objects<00:10:38.000><c> as</c><00:10:38.320><c> the</c><00:10:38.480><c> fingertip</c><00:10:39.120><c> rolls</c><00:10:39.440><c> on</c><00:10:39.519><c> the</c>

00:10:39.670 --> 00:10:39.680 align:start position:0%
objects as the fingertip rolls on the
 

00:10:39.680 --> 00:10:41.829 align:start position:0%
objects as the fingertip rolls on the
corner<00:10:40.000><c> or</c><00:10:40.160><c> flat</c><00:10:40.480><c> faces</c>

00:10:41.829 --> 00:10:41.839 align:start position:0%
corner or flat faces
 

00:10:41.839 --> 00:10:45.190 align:start position:0%
corner or flat faces
the<00:10:42.000><c> project</c><00:10:42.560><c> that</c><00:10:42.720><c> keiji</c><00:10:43.120><c> nakatani</c><00:10:43.839><c> and</c><00:10:44.000><c> i</c>

00:10:45.190 --> 00:10:45.200 align:start position:0%
the project that keiji nakatani and i
 

00:10:45.200 --> 00:10:47.590 align:start position:0%
the project that keiji nakatani and i
eventually<00:10:45.760><c> worked</c><00:10:46.079><c> on</c><00:10:46.480><c> what</c><00:10:46.640><c> was</c><00:10:46.959><c> called</c>

00:10:47.590 --> 00:10:47.600 align:start position:0%
eventually worked on what was called
 

00:10:47.600 --> 00:10:49.829 align:start position:0%
eventually worked on what was called
topological<00:10:48.399><c> localization</c>

00:10:49.829 --> 00:10:49.839 align:start position:0%
topological localization
 

00:10:49.839 --> 00:10:52.630 align:start position:0%
topological localization
it<00:10:49.920><c> was</c><00:10:50.160><c> using</c><00:10:50.640><c> the</c><00:10:51.120><c> embedded</c><00:10:51.760><c> topology</c><00:10:52.560><c> you</c>

00:10:52.630 --> 00:10:52.640 align:start position:0%
it was using the embedded topology you
 

00:10:52.640 --> 00:10:54.310 align:start position:0%
it was using the embedded topology you
know<00:10:52.720><c> the</c><00:10:52.959><c> understanding</c><00:10:53.600><c> of</c>

00:10:54.310 --> 00:10:54.320 align:start position:0%
know the understanding of
 

00:10:54.320 --> 00:10:56.389 align:start position:0%
know the understanding of
here<00:10:54.560><c> are</c><00:10:54.800><c> junctions</c><00:10:55.279><c> in</c><00:10:55.600><c> your</c><00:10:55.839><c> environment</c>

00:10:56.389 --> 00:10:56.399 align:start position:0%
here are junctions in your environment
 

00:10:56.399 --> 00:10:57.350 align:start position:0%
here are junctions in your environment
your<00:10:56.720><c> edges</c>

00:10:57.350 --> 00:10:57.360 align:start position:0%
your edges
 

00:10:57.360 --> 00:10:59.509 align:start position:0%
your edges
that<00:10:57.519><c> connect</c><00:10:58.000><c> the</c><00:10:58.079><c> connector</c><00:10:58.480><c> junctions</c><00:10:59.360><c> had</c>

00:10:59.509 --> 00:10:59.519 align:start position:0%
that connect the connector junctions had
 

00:10:59.519 --> 00:11:01.190 align:start position:0%
that connect the connector junctions had
a<00:10:59.680><c> reason</c><00:11:00.079><c> at</c><00:11:00.240><c> that</c><00:11:00.480><c> level</c>

00:11:01.190 --> 00:11:01.200 align:start position:0%
a reason at that level
 

00:11:01.200 --> 00:11:06.150 align:start position:0%
a reason at that level
on<00:11:01.360><c> how</c><00:11:01.519><c> to</c><00:11:01.600><c> make</c><00:11:01.760><c> a</c><00:11:01.839><c> robot</c><00:11:02.240><c> localize</c><00:11:02.800><c> itself</c>

00:11:06.150 --> 00:11:06.160 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:11:06.160 --> 00:11:08.389 align:start position:0%
 
right<00:11:06.480><c> and</c><00:11:06.560><c> did</c><00:11:06.720><c> you</c><00:11:07.040><c> develop</c><00:11:07.519><c> other</c>

00:11:08.389 --> 00:11:08.399 align:start position:0%
right and did you develop other
 

00:11:08.399 --> 00:11:09.750 align:start position:0%
right and did you develop other
collaborations

00:11:09.750 --> 00:11:09.760 align:start position:0%
collaborations
 

00:11:09.760 --> 00:11:12.870 align:start position:0%
collaborations
while<00:11:09.920><c> you</c><00:11:10.079><c> were</c><00:11:10.160><c> in</c><00:11:10.320><c> japan</c>

00:11:12.870 --> 00:11:12.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:11:12.880 --> 00:11:16.230 align:start position:0%
 
oh<00:11:13.040><c> and</c><00:11:13.120><c> then</c><00:11:13.279><c> that</c><00:11:13.440><c> lasted</c><00:11:15.279><c> right</c>

00:11:16.230 --> 00:11:16.240 align:start position:0%
oh and then that lasted right
 

00:11:16.240 --> 00:11:18.230 align:start position:0%
oh and then that lasted right
uh<00:11:16.560><c> and</c><00:11:16.880><c> where</c><00:11:17.040><c> did</c><00:11:17.200><c> you</c><00:11:17.360><c> go</c><00:11:17.600><c> after</c><00:11:17.920><c> that</c>

00:11:18.230 --> 00:11:18.240 align:start position:0%
uh and where did you go after that
 

00:11:18.240 --> 00:11:19.269 align:start position:0%
uh and where did you go after that
postcard

00:11:19.269 --> 00:11:19.279 align:start position:0%
postcard
 

00:11:19.279 --> 00:11:22.870 align:start position:0%
postcard
so<00:11:19.920><c> so</c><00:11:20.079><c> japan</c><00:11:20.480><c> was</c><00:11:20.560><c> a</c><00:11:20.640><c> summer</c><00:11:20.880><c> program</c><00:11:21.600><c> so</c><00:11:21.920><c> okay</c>

00:11:22.870 --> 00:11:22.880 align:start position:0%
so so japan was a summer program so okay
 

00:11:22.880 --> 00:11:26.310 align:start position:0%
so so japan was a summer program so okay
after<00:11:23.279><c> i</c><00:11:23.440><c> graduated</c><00:11:24.240><c> from</c><00:11:24.959><c> uh</c>

00:11:26.310 --> 00:11:26.320 align:start position:0%
after i graduated from uh
 

00:11:26.320 --> 00:11:28.790 align:start position:0%
after i graduated from uh
graduate<00:11:26.800><c> school</c><00:11:27.279><c> i</c><00:11:27.440><c> worked</c><00:11:27.680><c> in</c><00:11:27.839><c> japan</c><00:11:28.480><c> in</c><00:11:28.640><c> a</c>

00:11:28.790 --> 00:11:28.800 align:start position:0%
graduate school i worked in japan in a
 

00:11:28.800 --> 00:11:29.430 align:start position:0%
graduate school i worked in japan in a
separate

00:11:29.430 --> 00:11:29.440 align:start position:0%
separate
 

00:11:29.440 --> 00:11:31.910 align:start position:0%
separate
interception<00:11:30.079><c> lab</c><00:11:30.959><c> uh</c><00:11:31.360><c> on</c><00:11:31.680><c> some</c>

00:11:31.910 --> 00:11:31.920 align:start position:0%
interception lab uh on some
 

00:11:31.920 --> 00:11:33.990 align:start position:0%
interception lab uh on some
computational<00:11:32.720><c> geometry</c><00:11:33.440><c> you</c><00:11:33.600><c> know</c><00:11:33.760><c> some</c>

00:11:33.990 --> 00:11:34.000 align:start position:0%
computational geometry you know some
 

00:11:34.000 --> 00:11:35.509 align:start position:0%
computational geometry you know some
fundamental<00:11:34.560><c> math</c>

00:11:35.509 --> 00:11:35.519 align:start position:0%
fundamental math
 

00:11:35.519 --> 00:11:37.350 align:start position:0%
fundamental math
and<00:11:35.680><c> then</c><00:11:35.920><c> i</c><00:11:36.079><c> went</c><00:11:36.240><c> to</c><00:11:36.480><c> work</c><00:11:36.720><c> for</c><00:11:36.880><c> a</c><00:11:37.040><c> small</c>

00:11:37.350 --> 00:11:37.360 align:start position:0%
and then i went to work for a small
 

00:11:37.360 --> 00:11:39.509 align:start position:0%
and then i went to work for a small
company<00:11:37.760><c> called</c><00:11:38.000><c> nomadic</c><00:11:38.640><c> technologies</c><00:11:39.360><c> they</c>

00:11:39.509 --> 00:11:39.519 align:start position:0%
company called nomadic technologies they
 

00:11:39.519 --> 00:11:41.269 align:start position:0%
company called nomadic technologies they
make<00:11:39.760><c> mobile</c><00:11:40.160><c> robots</c>

00:11:41.269 --> 00:11:41.279 align:start position:0%
make mobile robots
 

00:11:41.279 --> 00:11:43.590 align:start position:0%
make mobile robots
while<00:11:41.519><c> i</c><00:11:41.680><c> was</c><00:11:41.920><c> there</c><00:11:42.160><c> i</c><00:11:42.320><c> developed</c><00:11:42.880><c> algorithms</c>

00:11:43.590 --> 00:11:43.600 align:start position:0%
while i was there i developed algorithms
 

00:11:43.600 --> 00:11:44.710 align:start position:0%
while i was there i developed algorithms
to<00:11:43.760><c> cover</c>

00:11:44.710 --> 00:11:44.720 align:start position:0%
to cover
 

00:11:44.720 --> 00:11:48.630 align:start position:0%
to cover
known<00:11:45.200><c> spaces</c><00:11:46.720><c> after</c><00:11:47.040><c> nomadic</c><00:11:47.519><c> technologies</c>

00:11:48.630 --> 00:11:48.640 align:start position:0%
known spaces after nomadic technologies
 

00:11:48.640 --> 00:11:50.069 align:start position:0%
known spaces after nomadic technologies
i<00:11:48.800><c> started</c><00:11:49.120><c> my</c><00:11:49.279><c> faculty</c><00:11:49.680><c> position</c><00:11:50.000><c> at</c>

00:11:50.069 --> 00:11:50.079 align:start position:0%
i started my faculty position at
 

00:11:50.079 --> 00:11:51.990 align:start position:0%
i started my faculty position at
carnegie<00:11:50.480><c> mellon</c>

00:11:51.990 --> 00:11:52.000 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon
 

00:11:52.000 --> 00:11:55.990 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon
okay<00:11:54.000><c> and</c><00:11:54.079><c> now</c><00:11:54.560><c> that</c><00:11:54.720><c> would</c><00:11:54.880><c> have</c><00:11:54.959><c> been</c><00:11:55.200><c> 2000</c>

00:11:55.990 --> 00:11:56.000 align:start position:0%
okay and now that would have been 2000
 

00:11:56.000 --> 00:11:58.790 align:start position:0%
okay and now that would have been 2000
or<00:11:56.079><c> so</c><00:11:57.279><c> i</c><00:11:57.519><c> started</c><00:11:57.839><c> my</c><00:11:58.000><c> faculty</c><00:11:58.399><c> position</c><00:11:58.720><c> at</c>

00:11:58.790 --> 00:11:58.800 align:start position:0%
or so i started my faculty position at
 

00:11:58.800 --> 00:12:10.230 align:start position:0%
or so i started my faculty position at
carnegie<00:11:59.200><c> mellon</c><00:11:59.600><c> in</c><00:12:00.440><c> 1996.96</c><00:12:08.839><c> okay</c><00:12:09.920><c> so</c><00:12:10.079><c> what</c>

00:12:10.230 --> 00:12:10.240 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon in 1996.96 okay so what
 

00:12:10.240 --> 00:12:11.590 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon in 1996.96 okay so what
kind<00:12:10.320><c> of</c><00:12:10.399><c> work</c><00:12:10.639><c> have</c><00:12:10.800><c> you</c><00:12:10.880><c> been</c><00:12:11.040><c> doing</c>

00:12:11.590 --> 00:12:11.600 align:start position:0%
kind of work have you been doing
 

00:12:11.600 --> 00:12:14.550 align:start position:0%
kind of work have you been doing
uh<00:12:12.079><c> since</c><00:12:12.320><c> you</c><00:12:12.480><c> arrived</c><00:12:12.880><c> at</c><00:12:13.120><c> carnegie</c><00:12:13.519><c> mellon</c>

00:12:14.550 --> 00:12:14.560 align:start position:0%
uh since you arrived at carnegie mellon
 

00:12:14.560 --> 00:12:16.790 align:start position:0%
uh since you arrived at carnegie mellon
so<00:12:14.720><c> i</c><00:12:14.800><c> arrived</c><00:12:15.120><c> at</c><00:12:15.200><c> carnegie</c><00:12:15.600><c> mellon</c><00:12:16.000><c> 18</c><00:12:16.560><c> years</c>

00:12:16.790 --> 00:12:16.800 align:start position:0%
so i arrived at carnegie mellon 18 years
 

00:12:16.800 --> 00:12:17.350 align:start position:0%
so i arrived at carnegie mellon 18 years
ago

00:12:17.350 --> 00:12:17.360 align:start position:0%
ago
 

00:12:17.360 --> 00:12:21.190 align:start position:0%
ago
and<00:12:17.519><c> i've</c><00:12:17.680><c> been</c><00:12:17.920><c> lucky</c><00:12:18.639><c> to</c><00:12:18.959><c> have</c><00:12:19.200><c> had</c><00:12:20.240><c> 13</c>

00:12:21.190 --> 00:12:21.200 align:start position:0%
and i've been lucky to have had 13
 

00:12:21.200 --> 00:12:25.590 align:start position:0%
and i've been lucky to have had 13
amazing<00:12:21.760><c> phd</c><00:12:22.399><c> students</c><00:12:23.440><c> 28</c><00:12:24.399><c> 29</c><00:12:25.120><c> master</c>

00:12:25.590 --> 00:12:25.600 align:start position:0%
amazing phd students 28 29 master
 

00:12:25.600 --> 00:12:26.949 align:start position:0%
amazing phd students 28 29 master
students

00:12:26.949 --> 00:12:26.959 align:start position:0%
students
 

00:12:26.959 --> 00:12:30.150 align:start position:0%
students
and<00:12:27.360><c> easily</c><00:12:27.920><c> 150</c><00:12:28.800><c> undergraduates</c><00:12:29.600><c> work</c><00:12:29.839><c> in</c><00:12:30.000><c> my</c>

00:12:30.150 --> 00:12:30.160 align:start position:0%
and easily 150 undergraduates work in my
 

00:12:30.160 --> 00:12:31.829 align:start position:0%
and easily 150 undergraduates work in my
lab

00:12:31.829 --> 00:12:31.839 align:start position:0%
lab
 

00:12:31.839 --> 00:12:35.509 align:start position:0%
lab
we<00:12:32.000><c> do</c><00:12:32.240><c> a</c><00:12:32.320><c> variety</c><00:12:32.800><c> of</c><00:12:32.880><c> things</c><00:12:34.000><c> but</c><00:12:34.800><c> one</c><00:12:35.120><c> way</c><00:12:35.279><c> to</c>

00:12:35.509 --> 00:12:35.519 align:start position:0%
we do a variety of things but one way to
 

00:12:35.519 --> 00:12:37.269 align:start position:0%
we do a variety of things but one way to
organize<00:12:36.079><c> them</c>

00:12:37.269 --> 00:12:37.279 align:start position:0%
organize them
 

00:12:37.279 --> 00:12:41.430 align:start position:0%
organize them
is<00:12:37.920><c> by</c><00:12:39.440><c> uh</c><00:12:40.160><c> snake</c><00:12:40.639><c> robots</c>

00:12:41.430 --> 00:12:41.440 align:start position:0%
is by uh snake robots
 

00:12:41.440 --> 00:12:43.670 align:start position:0%
is by uh snake robots
and<00:12:41.760><c> gates</c><00:12:42.079><c> that</c><00:12:42.240><c> make</c><00:12:42.480><c> snake</c><00:12:42.720><c> robot</c><00:12:43.440><c> snake</c>

00:12:43.670 --> 00:12:43.680 align:start position:0%
and gates that make snake robot snake
 

00:12:43.680 --> 00:12:45.110 align:start position:0%
and gates that make snake robot snake
robots<00:12:44.079><c> work</c>

00:12:45.110 --> 00:12:45.120 align:start position:0%
robots work
 

00:12:45.120 --> 00:12:48.710 align:start position:0%
robots work
medical<00:12:45.519><c> robots</c><00:12:47.120><c> manufacturing</c>

00:12:48.710 --> 00:12:48.720 align:start position:0%
medical robots manufacturing
 

00:12:48.720 --> 00:12:52.069 align:start position:0%
medical robots manufacturing
and<00:12:48.959><c> multi-agent</c><00:12:49.760><c> path</c><00:12:50.839><c> planning</c>

00:12:52.069 --> 00:12:52.079 align:start position:0%
and multi-agent path planning
 

00:12:52.079 --> 00:12:55.269 align:start position:0%
and multi-agent path planning
so<00:12:52.320><c> snake</c><00:12:52.639><c> robots</c><00:12:54.079><c> represent</c><00:12:54.560><c> the</c><00:12:54.720><c> core</c>

00:12:55.269 --> 00:12:55.279 align:start position:0%
so snake robots represent the core
 

00:12:55.279 --> 00:12:58.230 align:start position:0%
so snake robots represent the core
of<00:12:55.440><c> a</c><00:12:55.519><c> lot</c><00:12:55.760><c> of</c><00:12:55.920><c> what</c><00:12:56.240><c> my</c><00:12:56.480><c> group</c><00:12:56.800><c> is</c><00:12:56.880><c> doing</c><00:12:57.920><c> we</c>

00:12:58.230 --> 00:12:58.240 align:start position:0%
of a lot of what my group is doing we
 

00:12:58.240 --> 00:12:59.590 align:start position:0%
of a lot of what my group is doing we
build

00:12:59.590 --> 00:12:59.600 align:start position:0%
build
 

00:12:59.600 --> 00:13:01.509 align:start position:0%
build
the<00:12:59.760><c> mechanisms</c><00:13:00.399><c> themselves</c><00:13:01.120><c> which</c><00:13:01.360><c> is</c>

00:13:01.509 --> 00:13:01.519 align:start position:0%
the mechanisms themselves which is
 

00:13:01.519 --> 00:13:02.870 align:start position:0%
the mechanisms themselves which is
challenging<00:13:02.079><c> because</c><00:13:02.399><c> you</c><00:13:02.480><c> want</c><00:13:02.560><c> to</c><00:13:02.639><c> build</c>

00:13:02.870 --> 00:13:02.880 align:start position:0%
challenging because you want to build
 

00:13:02.880 --> 00:13:04.550 align:start position:0%
challenging because you want to build
something<00:13:03.200><c> that's</c><00:13:03.519><c> small</c>

00:13:04.550 --> 00:13:04.560 align:start position:0%
something that's small
 

00:13:04.560 --> 00:13:06.710 align:start position:0%
something that's small
yet<00:13:04.800><c> maneuverable</c><00:13:05.440><c> and</c><00:13:05.600><c> strong</c><00:13:06.399><c> and</c><00:13:06.560><c> of</c>

00:13:06.710 --> 00:13:06.720 align:start position:0%
yet maneuverable and strong and of
 

00:13:06.720 --> 00:13:07.829 align:start position:0%
yet maneuverable and strong and of
course<00:13:07.360><c> as</c>

00:13:07.829 --> 00:13:07.839 align:start position:0%
course as
 

00:13:07.839 --> 00:13:11.110 align:start position:0%
course as
low<00:13:08.000><c> cost</c><00:13:08.320><c> as</c><00:13:08.480><c> possible</c><00:13:10.240><c> we</c><00:13:10.480><c> also</c>

00:13:11.110 --> 00:13:11.120 align:start position:0%
low cost as possible we also
 

00:13:11.120 --> 00:13:13.190 align:start position:0%
low cost as possible we also
worry<00:13:11.440><c> about</c><00:13:11.600><c> the</c><00:13:11.760><c> algorithms</c><00:13:12.560><c> the</c><00:13:12.880><c> motion</c>

00:13:13.190 --> 00:13:13.200 align:start position:0%
worry about the algorithms the motion
 

00:13:13.200 --> 00:13:15.269 align:start position:0%
worry about the algorithms the motion
control<00:13:13.760><c> how</c><00:13:13.920><c> do</c><00:13:14.000><c> you</c><00:13:14.160><c> coordinate</c><00:13:14.880><c> these</c>

00:13:15.269 --> 00:13:15.279 align:start position:0%
control how do you coordinate these
 

00:13:15.279 --> 00:13:17.430 align:start position:0%
control how do you coordinate these
internal<00:13:15.680><c> degrees</c><00:13:16.079><c> of</c><00:13:16.240><c> freedom</c><00:13:17.040><c> to</c><00:13:17.200><c> get</c><00:13:17.360><c> the</c>

00:13:17.430 --> 00:13:17.440 align:start position:0%
internal degrees of freedom to get the
 

00:13:17.440 --> 00:13:19.350 align:start position:0%
internal degrees of freedom to get the
robot<00:13:17.839><c> to</c><00:13:18.000><c> go</c><00:13:18.240><c> in</c><00:13:18.320><c> some</c><00:13:18.560><c> general</c><00:13:18.880><c> direction</c>

00:13:19.350 --> 00:13:19.360 align:start position:0%
robot to go in some general direction
 

00:13:19.360 --> 00:13:20.710 align:start position:0%
robot to go in some general direction
that<00:13:19.440><c> you</c><00:13:19.680><c> care</c>

00:13:20.710 --> 00:13:20.720 align:start position:0%
that you care
 

00:13:20.720 --> 00:13:22.389 align:start position:0%
that you care
another<00:13:21.120><c> important</c><00:13:21.519><c> problem</c><00:13:21.839><c> is</c><00:13:22.079><c> now</c><00:13:22.240><c> that</c>

00:13:22.389 --> 00:13:22.399 align:start position:0%
another important problem is now that
 

00:13:22.399 --> 00:13:24.389 align:start position:0%
another important problem is now that
you<00:13:22.560><c> can</c><00:13:22.720><c> make</c><00:13:22.880><c> the</c><00:13:23.040><c> robot</c><00:13:23.519><c> go</c><00:13:23.760><c> in</c>

00:13:24.389 --> 00:13:24.399 align:start position:0%
you can make the robot go in
 

00:13:24.399 --> 00:13:26.389 align:start position:0%
you can make the robot go in
whatever<00:13:24.720><c> desired</c><00:13:25.120><c> direction</c><00:13:25.519><c> you</c><00:13:25.680><c> care</c>

00:13:26.389 --> 00:13:26.399 align:start position:0%
whatever desired direction you care
 

00:13:26.399 --> 00:13:27.670 align:start position:0%
whatever desired direction you care
where<00:13:26.639><c> does</c><00:13:26.800><c> the</c><00:13:26.880><c> robot</c><00:13:27.360><c> go</c>

00:13:27.670 --> 00:13:27.680 align:start position:0%
where does the robot go
 

00:13:27.680 --> 00:13:30.150 align:start position:0%
where does the robot go
we<00:13:27.839><c> call</c><00:13:28.000><c> that</c><00:13:28.240><c> path</c><00:13:28.480><c> planning</c><00:13:29.519><c> finally</c><00:13:29.920><c> to</c>

00:13:30.150 --> 00:13:30.160 align:start position:0%
we call that path planning finally to
 

00:13:30.160 --> 00:13:31.190 align:start position:0%
we call that path planning finally to
close<00:13:30.399><c> the</c><00:13:30.560><c> loop</c>

00:13:31.190 --> 00:13:31.200 align:start position:0%
close the loop
 

00:13:31.200 --> 00:13:33.829 align:start position:0%
close the loop
there's<00:13:31.440><c> a</c><00:13:31.519><c> problem</c><00:13:32.079><c> estimation</c><00:13:33.519><c> this</c><00:13:33.760><c> is</c>

00:13:33.829 --> 00:13:33.839 align:start position:0%
there's a problem estimation this is
 

00:13:33.839 --> 00:13:35.350 align:start position:0%
there's a problem estimation this is
sometimes<00:13:34.240><c> called</c><00:13:34.480><c> the</c><00:13:34.800><c> slam</c>

00:13:35.350 --> 00:13:35.360 align:start position:0%
sometimes called the slam
 

00:13:35.360 --> 00:13:37.030 align:start position:0%
sometimes called the slam
problem<00:13:35.680><c> simultaneous</c><00:13:36.320><c> localization</c><00:13:36.880><c> and</c>

00:13:37.030 --> 00:13:37.040 align:start position:0%
problem simultaneous localization and
 

00:13:37.040 --> 00:13:38.790 align:start position:0%
problem simultaneous localization and
mapping<00:13:37.680><c> how</c><00:13:37.839><c> do</c><00:13:37.920><c> we</c><00:13:38.079><c> know</c><00:13:38.320><c> that</c><00:13:38.480><c> we're</c><00:13:38.639><c> where</c>

00:13:38.790 --> 00:13:38.800 align:start position:0%
mapping how do we know that we're where
 

00:13:38.800 --> 00:13:39.990 align:start position:0%
mapping how do we know that we're where
we<00:13:38.880><c> want</c><00:13:39.040><c> to</c><00:13:39.120><c> be</c><00:13:39.279><c> how</c><00:13:39.440><c> do</c><00:13:39.519><c> we</c><00:13:39.600><c> know</c><00:13:39.760><c> we're</c>

00:13:39.990 --> 00:13:40.000 align:start position:0%
we want to be how do we know we're
 

00:13:40.000 --> 00:13:41.910 align:start position:0%
we want to be how do we know we're
executing<00:13:40.480><c> the</c><00:13:40.639><c> right</c><00:13:40.800><c> controller</c>

00:13:41.910 --> 00:13:41.920 align:start position:0%
executing the right controller
 

00:13:41.920 --> 00:13:43.750 align:start position:0%
executing the right controller
those<00:13:42.160><c> were</c><00:13:42.480><c> the</c><00:13:42.639><c> kinds</c><00:13:42.959><c> of</c><00:13:43.120><c> problems</c><00:13:43.600><c> that</c>

00:13:43.750 --> 00:13:43.760 align:start position:0%
those were the kinds of problems that
 

00:13:43.760 --> 00:13:46.470 align:start position:0%
those were the kinds of problems that
the<00:13:44.000><c> snake</c><00:13:44.320><c> robot</c><00:13:44.800><c> work</c><00:13:45.040><c> inspired</c>

00:13:46.470 --> 00:13:46.480 align:start position:0%
the snake robot work inspired
 

00:13:46.480 --> 00:13:48.069 align:start position:0%
the snake robot work inspired
so<00:13:46.639><c> let's</c><00:13:46.880><c> take</c><00:13:47.120><c> medical</c><00:13:47.440><c> robotics</c><00:13:47.920><c> the</c>

00:13:48.069 --> 00:13:48.079 align:start position:0%
so let's take medical robotics the
 

00:13:48.079 --> 00:13:50.069 align:start position:0%
so let's take medical robotics the
second<00:13:48.480><c> big</c><00:13:48.720><c> area</c><00:13:49.199><c> of</c><00:13:49.360><c> research</c><00:13:49.760><c> that</c><00:13:49.920><c> my</c>

00:13:50.069 --> 00:13:50.079 align:start position:0%
second big area of research that my
 

00:13:50.079 --> 00:13:50.790 align:start position:0%
second big area of research that my
group

00:13:50.790 --> 00:13:50.800 align:start position:0%
group
 

00:13:50.800 --> 00:13:54.230 align:start position:0%
group
undertakes<00:13:52.079><c> so</c><00:13:52.800><c> we</c><00:13:53.040><c> built</c><00:13:53.360><c> a</c><00:13:53.519><c> small</c>

00:13:54.230 --> 00:13:54.240 align:start position:0%
undertakes so we built a small
 

00:13:54.240 --> 00:13:56.389 align:start position:0%
undertakes so we built a small
surgical<00:13:54.880><c> snake</c><00:13:55.360><c> robot</c><00:13:55.839><c> for</c><00:13:56.000><c> minimally</c>

00:13:56.389 --> 00:13:56.399 align:start position:0%
surgical snake robot for minimally
 

00:13:56.399 --> 00:13:58.389 align:start position:0%
surgical snake robot for minimally
invasive<00:13:56.959><c> surgery</c>

00:13:58.389 --> 00:13:58.399 align:start position:0%
invasive surgery
 

00:13:58.399 --> 00:14:00.230 align:start position:0%
invasive surgery
the<00:13:58.720><c> benefits</c><00:13:59.199><c> of</c><00:13:59.279><c> minimally</c><00:13:59.680><c> invasive</c>

00:14:00.230 --> 00:14:00.240 align:start position:0%
the benefits of minimally invasive
 

00:14:00.240 --> 00:14:03.030 align:start position:0%
the benefits of minimally invasive
surgery<00:14:01.120><c> can</c><00:14:01.360><c> be</c><00:14:01.839><c> quite</c><00:14:02.079><c> profound</c>

00:14:03.030 --> 00:14:03.040 align:start position:0%
surgery can be quite profound
 

00:14:03.040 --> 00:14:05.990 align:start position:0%
surgery can be quite profound
it's<00:14:03.360><c> less</c><00:14:03.760><c> pain</c><00:14:04.160><c> on</c><00:14:04.240><c> the</c><00:14:04.399><c> patient</c><00:14:05.440><c> the</c><00:14:05.600><c> person</c>

00:14:05.990 --> 00:14:06.000 align:start position:0%
it's less pain on the patient the person
 

00:14:06.000 --> 00:14:06.550 align:start position:0%
it's less pain on the patient the person
can<00:14:06.160><c> heal</c>

00:14:06.550 --> 00:14:06.560 align:start position:0%
can heal
 

00:14:06.560 --> 00:14:09.269 align:start position:0%
can heal
faster<00:14:07.600><c> and</c><00:14:08.079><c> the</c><00:14:08.240><c> person</c><00:14:08.639><c> can</c><00:14:08.800><c> return</c><00:14:09.120><c> to</c>

00:14:09.269 --> 00:14:09.279 align:start position:0%
faster and the person can return to
 

00:14:09.279 --> 00:14:10.550 align:start position:0%
faster and the person can return to
normal<00:14:09.600><c> life</c><00:14:09.839><c> more</c><00:14:10.079><c> quickly</c>

00:14:10.550 --> 00:14:10.560 align:start position:0%
normal life more quickly
 

00:14:10.560 --> 00:14:12.949 align:start position:0%
normal life more quickly
lower<00:14:10.880><c> hospital</c><00:14:11.279><c> stays</c><00:14:12.160><c> another</c><00:14:12.639><c> side</c>

00:14:12.949 --> 00:14:12.959 align:start position:0%
lower hospital stays another side
 

00:14:12.959 --> 00:14:15.509 align:start position:0%
lower hospital stays another side
benefit<00:14:13.519><c> for</c><00:14:13.760><c> minimally</c><00:14:14.160><c> invasive</c><00:14:14.639><c> surgery</c>

00:14:15.509 --> 00:14:15.519 align:start position:0%
benefit for minimally invasive surgery
 

00:14:15.519 --> 00:14:17.110 align:start position:0%
benefit for minimally invasive surgery
is<00:14:15.600><c> that</c><00:14:15.839><c> i</c><00:14:15.920><c> think</c><00:14:16.160><c> medical</c><00:14:16.560><c> care</c><00:14:16.880><c> gets</c>

00:14:17.110 --> 00:14:17.120 align:start position:0%
is that i think medical care gets
 

00:14:17.120 --> 00:14:19.030 align:start position:0%
is that i think medical care gets
disseminated<00:14:17.839><c> to</c><00:14:18.079><c> more</c><00:14:18.399><c> people</c><00:14:18.800><c> that</c>

00:14:19.030 --> 00:14:19.040 align:start position:0%
disseminated to more people that
 

00:14:19.040 --> 00:14:20.550 align:start position:0%
disseminated to more people that
otherwise<00:14:19.600><c> would</c><00:14:19.760><c> not</c><00:14:19.920><c> have</c><00:14:20.079><c> received</c>

00:14:20.550 --> 00:14:20.560 align:start position:0%
otherwise would not have received
 

00:14:20.560 --> 00:14:21.829 align:start position:0%
otherwise would not have received
medical<00:14:20.880><c> care</c><00:14:21.120><c> because</c><00:14:21.279><c> now</c><00:14:21.440><c> you</c><00:14:21.519><c> have</c><00:14:21.600><c> to</c><00:14:21.680><c> be</c>

00:14:21.829 --> 00:14:21.839 align:start position:0%
medical care because now you have to be
 

00:14:21.839 --> 00:14:22.550 align:start position:0%
medical care because now you have to be
in<00:14:21.920><c> a</c>

00:14:22.550 --> 00:14:22.560 align:start position:0%
in a
 

00:14:22.560 --> 00:14:24.710 align:start position:0%
in a
center<00:14:22.959><c> of</c><00:14:23.040><c> medical</c><00:14:23.440><c> excellence</c><00:14:24.160><c> you</c><00:14:24.240><c> can</c>

00:14:24.710 --> 00:14:24.720 align:start position:0%
center of medical excellence you can
 

00:14:24.720 --> 00:14:26.069 align:start position:0%
center of medical excellence you can
perhaps<00:14:25.120><c> do</c><00:14:25.360><c> more</c><00:14:25.600><c> things</c>

00:14:26.069 --> 00:14:26.079 align:start position:0%
perhaps do more things
 

00:14:26.079 --> 00:14:30.870 align:start position:0%
perhaps do more things
in<00:14:26.959><c> in</c><00:14:27.440><c> maybe</c><00:14:27.680><c> in</c><00:14:28.399><c> an</c><00:14:28.560><c> office</c><00:14:28.839><c> visit</c>

00:14:30.870 --> 00:14:30.880 align:start position:0%
in in maybe in an office visit
 

00:14:30.880 --> 00:14:32.310 align:start position:0%
in in maybe in an office visit
the<00:14:31.040><c> problem</c><00:14:31.360><c> with</c><00:14:31.440><c> minimally</c><00:14:31.839><c> invasive</c>

00:14:32.310 --> 00:14:32.320 align:start position:0%
the problem with minimally invasive
 

00:14:32.320 --> 00:14:34.310 align:start position:0%
the problem with minimally invasive
surgery<00:14:32.880><c> is</c><00:14:33.040><c> there's</c><00:14:33.279><c> only</c><00:14:33.600><c> two</c><00:14:33.839><c> kinds</c><00:14:34.160><c> of</c>

00:14:34.310 --> 00:14:34.320 align:start position:0%
surgery is there's only two kinds of
 

00:14:34.320 --> 00:14:35.350 align:start position:0%
surgery is there's only two kinds of
tools

00:14:35.350 --> 00:14:35.360 align:start position:0%
tools
 

00:14:35.360 --> 00:14:37.829 align:start position:0%
tools
one<00:14:35.519><c> of</c><00:14:35.680><c> them</c><00:14:35.920><c> is</c><00:14:36.079><c> a</c><00:14:36.320><c> rigid</c><00:14:36.720><c> laproscope</c><00:14:37.519><c> which</c>

00:14:37.829 --> 00:14:37.839 align:start position:0%
one of them is a rigid laproscope which
 

00:14:37.839 --> 00:14:38.710 align:start position:0%
one of them is a rigid laproscope which
means<00:14:38.320><c> you</c><00:14:38.399><c> can</c>

00:14:38.710 --> 00:14:38.720 align:start position:0%
means you can
 

00:14:38.720 --> 00:14:40.870 align:start position:0%
means you can
access<00:14:39.199><c> only</c><00:14:39.440><c> points</c><00:14:39.760><c> from</c><00:14:40.000><c> a</c><00:14:40.160><c> line</c><00:14:40.399><c> of</c><00:14:40.560><c> sight</c>

00:14:40.870 --> 00:14:40.880 align:start position:0%
access only points from a line of sight
 

00:14:40.880 --> 00:14:42.470 align:start position:0%
access only points from a line of sight
from<00:14:41.040><c> the</c><00:14:41.199><c> incision</c>

00:14:42.470 --> 00:14:42.480 align:start position:0%
from the incision
 

00:14:42.480 --> 00:14:44.710 align:start position:0%
from the incision
the<00:14:42.720><c> other</c><00:14:43.199><c> kind</c><00:14:43.440><c> of</c><00:14:43.519><c> mechanism</c><00:14:44.480><c> are</c>

00:14:44.710 --> 00:14:44.720 align:start position:0%
the other kind of mechanism are
 

00:14:44.720 --> 00:14:46.470 align:start position:0%
the other kind of mechanism are
endoscopes<00:14:45.440><c> they're</c><00:14:45.680><c> flexible</c>

00:14:46.470 --> 00:14:46.480 align:start position:0%
endoscopes they're flexible
 

00:14:46.480 --> 00:14:49.670 align:start position:0%
endoscopes they're flexible
but<00:14:46.639><c> they</c><00:14:46.880><c> buckle</c><00:14:47.279><c> easily</c><00:14:48.399><c> a</c><00:14:48.639><c> small</c><00:14:49.199><c> surgical</c>

00:14:49.670 --> 00:14:49.680 align:start position:0%
but they buckle easily a small surgical
 

00:14:49.680 --> 00:14:51.750 align:start position:0%
but they buckle easily a small surgical
snake<00:14:50.000><c> robot</c><00:14:50.560><c> inherits</c><00:14:51.040><c> the</c><00:14:51.199><c> benefits</c><00:14:51.680><c> of</c>

00:14:51.750 --> 00:14:51.760 align:start position:0%
snake robot inherits the benefits of
 

00:14:51.760 --> 00:14:53.990 align:start position:0%
snake robot inherits the benefits of
both<00:14:52.079><c> worlds</c><00:14:52.480><c> it's</c><00:14:52.720><c> both</c><00:14:53.040><c> rigid</c>

00:14:53.990 --> 00:14:54.000 align:start position:0%
both worlds it's both rigid
 

00:14:54.000 --> 00:14:56.389 align:start position:0%
both worlds it's both rigid
and<00:14:54.320><c> flexible</c><00:14:54.880><c> at</c><00:14:54.959><c> the</c><00:14:55.040><c> same</c><00:14:55.360><c> time</c><00:14:56.079><c> so</c><00:14:56.240><c> if</c><00:14:56.320><c> you</c>

00:14:56.389 --> 00:14:56.399 align:start position:0%
and flexible at the same time so if you
 

00:14:56.399 --> 00:14:58.150 align:start position:0%
and flexible at the same time so if you
want<00:14:56.560><c> to</c><00:14:56.639><c> do</c><00:14:56.800><c> a</c><00:14:56.959><c> heart</c><00:14:57.279><c> operation</c>

00:14:58.150 --> 00:14:58.160 align:start position:0%
want to do a heart operation
 

00:14:58.160 --> 00:14:59.990 align:start position:0%
want to do a heart operation
instead<00:14:58.399><c> of</c><00:14:58.639><c> cracking</c><00:14:59.120><c> the</c><00:14:59.279><c> chest</c><00:14:59.760><c> we</c><00:14:59.920><c> can</c>

00:14:59.990 --> 00:15:00.000 align:start position:0%
instead of cracking the chest we can
 

00:15:00.000 --> 00:15:01.829 align:start position:0%
instead of cracking the chest we can
make<00:15:00.160><c> a</c><00:15:00.399><c> small</c><00:15:00.720><c> incision</c>

00:15:01.829 --> 00:15:01.839 align:start position:0%
make a small incision
 

00:15:01.839 --> 00:15:04.230 align:start position:0%
make a small incision
in<00:15:01.920><c> your</c><00:15:02.079><c> solar</c><00:15:02.480><c> plexus</c><00:15:03.440><c> make</c><00:15:03.680><c> a</c><00:15:03.760><c> 25</c>

00:15:04.230 --> 00:15:04.240 align:start position:0%
in your solar plexus make a 25
 

00:15:04.240 --> 00:15:06.470 align:start position:0%
in your solar plexus make a 25
millimeter<00:15:04.639><c> turn</c><00:15:04.880><c> one</c><00:15:05.120><c> way</c><00:15:05.360><c> a</c><00:15:05.519><c> 25</c><00:15:06.000><c> millimeter</c>

00:15:06.470 --> 00:15:06.480 align:start position:0%
millimeter turn one way a 25 millimeter
 

00:15:06.480 --> 00:15:06.870 align:start position:0%
millimeter turn one way a 25 millimeter
turn

00:15:06.870 --> 00:15:06.880 align:start position:0%
turn
 

00:15:06.880 --> 00:15:09.269 align:start position:0%
turn
the<00:15:06.959><c> other</c><00:15:07.199><c> way</c><00:15:07.760><c> and</c><00:15:07.920><c> voila</c><00:15:08.480><c> we're</c><00:15:08.720><c> behind</c><00:15:09.120><c> the</c>

00:15:09.269 --> 00:15:09.279 align:start position:0%
the other way and voila we're behind the
 

00:15:09.279 --> 00:15:10.389 align:start position:0%
the other way and voila we're behind the
heart

00:15:10.389 --> 00:15:10.399 align:start position:0%
heart
 

00:15:10.399 --> 00:15:13.030 align:start position:0%
heart
now<00:15:10.800><c> as</c><00:15:11.120><c> proud</c><00:15:11.519><c> of</c><00:15:11.680><c> i</c><00:15:11.839><c> am</c><00:15:12.000><c> of</c><00:15:12.160><c> this</c><00:15:12.399><c> technology</c>

00:15:13.030 --> 00:15:13.040 align:start position:0%
now as proud of i am of this technology
 

00:15:13.040 --> 00:15:14.550 align:start position:0%
now as proud of i am of this technology
i<00:15:13.279><c> also</c><00:15:13.519><c> have</c><00:15:13.680><c> to</c><00:15:13.920><c> stress</c>

00:15:14.550 --> 00:15:14.560 align:start position:0%
i also have to stress
 

00:15:14.560 --> 00:15:17.509 align:start position:0%
i also have to stress
this<00:15:14.880><c> is</c><00:15:15.199><c> really</c><00:15:15.519><c> a</c><00:15:15.600><c> team</c><00:15:15.920><c> sport</c><00:15:16.959><c> so</c><00:15:17.199><c> for</c><00:15:17.360><c> one</c>

00:15:17.509 --> 00:15:17.519 align:start position:0%
this is really a team sport so for one
 

00:15:17.519 --> 00:15:17.910 align:start position:0%
this is really a team sport so for one
thing

00:15:17.910 --> 00:15:17.920 align:start position:0%
thing
 

00:15:17.920 --> 00:15:19.829 align:start position:0%
thing
my<00:15:18.160><c> then</c><00:15:18.480><c> postdoc</c><00:15:18.959><c> he's</c><00:15:19.120><c> now</c><00:15:19.279><c> a</c><00:15:19.360><c> professor</c><00:15:19.760><c> at</c>

00:15:19.829 --> 00:15:19.839 align:start position:0%
my then postdoc he's now a professor at
 

00:15:19.839 --> 00:15:22.710 align:start position:0%
my then postdoc he's now a professor at
the<00:15:19.920><c> technion</c><00:15:20.480><c> his</c><00:15:20.639><c> name</c><00:15:20.880><c> is</c><00:15:21.040><c> elon</c><00:15:21.519><c> wolfe</c>

00:15:22.710 --> 00:15:22.720 align:start position:0%
the technion his name is elon wolfe
 

00:15:22.720 --> 00:15:26.150 align:start position:0%
the technion his name is elon wolfe
he<00:15:24.240><c> was</c><00:15:24.480><c> a</c><00:15:24.560><c> medical</c><00:15:24.880><c> robotics</c><00:15:25.519><c> expert</c><00:15:25.920><c> who</c>

00:15:26.150 --> 00:15:26.160 align:start position:0%
he was a medical robotics expert who
 

00:15:26.160 --> 00:15:27.750 align:start position:0%
he was a medical robotics expert who
came<00:15:26.320><c> to</c><00:15:26.480><c> my</c><00:15:26.800><c> lab</c>

00:15:27.750 --> 00:15:27.760 align:start position:0%
came to my lab
 

00:15:27.760 --> 00:15:31.110 align:start position:0%
came to my lab
and<00:15:28.560><c> really</c><00:15:29.199><c> got</c><00:15:29.519><c> me</c><00:15:30.000><c> reinvigorated</c>

00:15:31.110 --> 00:15:31.120 align:start position:0%
and really got me reinvigorated
 

00:15:31.120 --> 00:15:34.069 align:start position:0%
and really got me reinvigorated
into<00:15:31.360><c> medical</c><00:15:31.759><c> robotics</c><00:15:33.440><c> my</c><00:15:33.600><c> clinical</c>

00:15:34.069 --> 00:15:34.079 align:start position:0%
into medical robotics my clinical
 

00:15:34.079 --> 00:15:36.629 align:start position:0%
into medical robotics my clinical
collaborator<00:15:34.800><c> his</c><00:15:34.959><c> name</c><00:15:35.120><c> is</c><00:15:35.360><c> marco</c><00:15:35.759><c> zanotti</c>

00:15:36.629 --> 00:15:36.639 align:start position:0%
collaborator his name is marco zanotti
 

00:15:36.639 --> 00:15:38.550 align:start position:0%
collaborator his name is marco zanotti
at<00:15:36.720><c> the</c><00:15:36.880><c> time</c><00:15:37.279><c> he</c><00:15:37.360><c> was</c><00:15:37.519><c> a</c><00:15:37.600><c> cardiac</c><00:15:38.160><c> surgeon</c><00:15:38.480><c> at</c>

00:15:38.550 --> 00:15:38.560 align:start position:0%
at the time he was a cardiac surgeon at
 

00:15:38.560 --> 00:15:40.230 align:start position:0%
at the time he was a cardiac surgeon at
the<00:15:38.720><c> university</c><00:15:39.120><c> of</c><00:15:39.199><c> pittsburgh</c>

00:15:40.230 --> 00:15:40.240 align:start position:0%
the university of pittsburgh
 

00:15:40.240 --> 00:15:43.430 align:start position:0%
the university of pittsburgh
but<00:15:40.480><c> now</c><00:15:40.720><c> he's</c><00:15:41.040><c> a</c><00:15:41.199><c> professor</c><00:15:41.680><c> at</c><00:15:41.759><c> harvard</c><00:15:43.040><c> he's</c>

00:15:43.430 --> 00:15:43.440 align:start position:0%
but now he's a professor at harvard he's
 

00:15:43.440 --> 00:15:45.110 align:start position:0%
but now he's a professor at harvard he's
the<00:15:43.600><c> one</c><00:15:43.839><c> who</c><00:15:44.079><c> was</c><00:15:44.240><c> able</c><00:15:44.480><c> to</c>

00:15:45.110 --> 00:15:45.120 align:start position:0%
the one who was able to
 

00:15:45.120 --> 00:15:46.790 align:start position:0%
the one who was able to
look<00:15:45.360><c> at</c><00:15:45.440><c> what</c><00:15:45.600><c> the</c><00:15:45.759><c> snake</c><00:15:46.079><c> robots</c><00:15:46.560><c> looked</c>

00:15:46.790 --> 00:15:46.800 align:start position:0%
look at what the snake robots looked
 

00:15:46.800 --> 00:15:48.870 align:start position:0%
look at what the snake robots looked
like<00:15:47.040><c> then</c><00:15:47.519><c> blur</c><00:15:47.920><c> his</c><00:15:48.079><c> eyes</c><00:15:48.399><c> just</c><00:15:48.560><c> a</c><00:15:48.639><c> little</c>

00:15:48.870 --> 00:15:48.880 align:start position:0%
like then blur his eyes just a little
 

00:15:48.880 --> 00:15:49.670 align:start position:0%
like then blur his eyes just a little
bit

00:15:49.670 --> 00:15:49.680 align:start position:0%
bit
 

00:15:49.680 --> 00:15:51.749 align:start position:0%
bit
extrapolate<00:15:50.399><c> as</c><00:15:50.480><c> to</c><00:15:50.639><c> where</c><00:15:50.800><c> they</c><00:15:50.880><c> can</c><00:15:51.120><c> go</c><00:15:51.680><c> and</c>

00:15:51.749 --> 00:15:51.759 align:start position:0%
extrapolate as to where they can go and
 

00:15:51.759 --> 00:15:53.910 align:start position:0%
extrapolate as to where they can go and
then<00:15:51.920><c> give</c><00:15:52.240><c> alan</c><00:15:52.639><c> and</c><00:15:52.720><c> me</c><00:15:52.959><c> the</c><00:15:53.199><c> feedback</c><00:15:53.680><c> that</c>

00:15:53.910 --> 00:15:53.920 align:start position:0%
then give alan and me the feedback that
 

00:15:53.920 --> 00:15:55.269 align:start position:0%
then give alan and me the feedback that
we<00:15:54.079><c> needed</c><00:15:54.480><c> initially</c>

00:15:55.269 --> 00:15:55.279 align:start position:0%
we needed initially
 

00:15:55.279 --> 00:15:58.230 align:start position:0%
we needed initially
to<00:15:55.519><c> really</c><00:15:55.839><c> iterate</c><00:15:56.320><c> on</c><00:15:56.399><c> this</c><00:15:56.639><c> design</c><00:15:57.680><c> so</c><00:15:57.920><c> alan</c>

00:15:58.230 --> 00:15:58.240 align:start position:0%
to really iterate on this design so alan
 

00:15:58.240 --> 00:15:58.629 align:start position:0%
to really iterate on this design so alan
and<00:15:58.399><c> i</c>

00:15:58.629 --> 00:15:58.639 align:start position:0%
and i
 

00:15:58.639 --> 00:16:00.230 align:start position:0%
and i
spent<00:15:59.120><c> you</c><00:15:59.199><c> know</c><00:15:59.519><c> quite</c><00:15:59.680><c> a</c><00:15:59.759><c> long</c><00:16:00.000><c> time</c>

00:16:00.230 --> 00:16:00.240 align:start position:0%
spent you know quite a long time
 

00:16:00.240 --> 00:16:01.910 align:start position:0%
spent you know quite a long time
scratching<00:16:00.639><c> our</c><00:16:00.800><c> heads</c><00:16:01.199><c> trying</c><00:16:01.519><c> to</c><00:16:01.600><c> figure</c>

00:16:01.910 --> 00:16:01.920 align:start position:0%
scratching our heads trying to figure
 

00:16:01.920 --> 00:16:03.670 align:start position:0%
scratching our heads trying to figure
out<00:16:02.000><c> how</c><00:16:02.079><c> to</c><00:16:02.160><c> make</c><00:16:02.320><c> this</c>

00:16:03.670 --> 00:16:03.680 align:start position:0%
out how to make this
 

00:16:03.680 --> 00:16:06.069 align:start position:0%
out how to make this
build<00:16:04.000><c> a</c><00:16:04.079><c> small</c><00:16:04.399><c> surgical</c><00:16:04.800><c> snake</c><00:16:05.120><c> robot</c><00:16:05.839><c> it's</c>

00:16:06.069 --> 00:16:06.079 align:start position:0%
build a small surgical snake robot it's
 

00:16:06.079 --> 00:16:06.790 align:start position:0%
build a small surgical snake robot it's
hard

00:16:06.790 --> 00:16:06.800 align:start position:0%
hard
 

00:16:06.800 --> 00:16:08.470 align:start position:0%
hard
how<00:16:06.959><c> do</c><00:16:07.040><c> you</c><00:16:07.120><c> get</c><00:16:07.360><c> all</c><00:16:07.440><c> that</c><00:16:07.680><c> power</c><00:16:08.079><c> into</c><00:16:08.320><c> a</c>

00:16:08.470 --> 00:16:08.480 align:start position:0%
how do you get all that power into a
 

00:16:08.480 --> 00:16:09.910 align:start position:0%
how do you get all that power into a
small<00:16:08.880><c> volume</c>

00:16:09.910 --> 00:16:09.920 align:start position:0%
small volume
 

00:16:09.920 --> 00:16:11.749 align:start position:0%
small volume
most<00:16:10.160><c> of</c><00:16:10.240><c> the</c><00:16:10.399><c> people</c><00:16:10.959><c> in</c><00:16:11.040><c> this</c><00:16:11.279><c> community</c><00:16:11.680><c> at</c>

00:16:11.749 --> 00:16:11.759 align:start position:0%
most of the people in this community at
 

00:16:11.759 --> 00:16:13.749 align:start position:0%
most of the people in this community at
that<00:16:12.000><c> point</c><00:16:12.240><c> in</c><00:16:12.399><c> time</c><00:16:12.880><c> were</c><00:16:13.279><c> trying</c><00:16:13.600><c> to</c>

00:16:13.749 --> 00:16:13.759 align:start position:0%
that point in time were trying to
 

00:16:13.759 --> 00:16:14.550 align:start position:0%
that point in time were trying to
develop

00:16:14.550 --> 00:16:14.560 align:start position:0%
develop
 

00:16:14.560 --> 00:16:18.310 align:start position:0%
develop
novel<00:16:15.199><c> actuators</c><00:16:16.160><c> mems</c><00:16:17.360><c> electric</c><00:16:17.759><c> polymer</c>

00:16:18.310 --> 00:16:18.320 align:start position:0%
novel actuators mems electric polymer
 

00:16:18.320 --> 00:16:21.030 align:start position:0%
novel actuators mems electric polymer
electropolymer<00:16:19.360><c> actuated</c><00:16:19.839><c> muscles</c><00:16:20.800><c> [ __ ]</c>

00:16:21.030 --> 00:16:21.040 align:start position:0%
electropolymer actuated muscles [ __ ]
 

00:16:21.040 --> 00:16:22.389 align:start position:0%
electropolymer actuated muscles [ __ ]
remember<00:16:21.279><c> my</c><00:16:21.519><c> alloys</c>

00:16:22.389 --> 00:16:22.399 align:start position:0%
remember my alloys
 

00:16:22.399 --> 00:16:24.949 align:start position:0%
remember my alloys
and<00:16:22.800><c> that</c><00:16:22.959><c> work</c><00:16:23.279><c> is</c><00:16:23.440><c> great</c><00:16:24.240><c> it</c><00:16:24.399><c> just</c><00:16:24.639><c> wasn't</c>

00:16:24.949 --> 00:16:24.959 align:start position:0%
and that work is great it just wasn't
 

00:16:24.959 --> 00:16:26.949 align:start position:0%
and that work is great it just wasn't
quite<00:16:25.279><c> ready</c><00:16:25.519><c> for</c><00:16:25.759><c> prime</c><00:16:26.160><c> time</c><00:16:26.480><c> and</c><00:16:26.560><c> making</c><00:16:26.880><c> a</c>

00:16:26.949 --> 00:16:26.959 align:start position:0%
quite ready for prime time and making a
 

00:16:26.959 --> 00:16:28.150 align:start position:0%
quite ready for prime time and making a
robot<00:16:27.360><c> work</c>

00:16:28.150 --> 00:16:28.160 align:start position:0%
robot work
 

00:16:28.160 --> 00:16:31.110 align:start position:0%
robot work
and<00:16:28.320><c> then</c><00:16:28.480><c> one</c><00:16:28.720><c> day</c><00:16:29.759><c> i</c><00:16:30.000><c> sat</c><00:16:30.240><c> down</c><00:16:30.639><c> i</c><00:16:30.720><c> just</c>

00:16:31.110 --> 00:16:31.120 align:start position:0%
and then one day i sat down i just
 

00:16:31.120 --> 00:16:32.389 align:start position:0%
and then one day i sat down i just
literally<00:16:31.440><c> just</c><00:16:31.600><c> sat</c><00:16:31.839><c> down</c><00:16:32.000><c> and</c><00:16:32.079><c> said</c><00:16:32.320><c> i'm</c>

00:16:32.389 --> 00:16:32.399 align:start position:0%
literally just sat down and said i'm
 

00:16:32.399 --> 00:16:33.590 align:start position:0%
literally just sat down and said i'm
going<00:16:32.480><c> to</c><00:16:32.560><c> figure</c><00:16:32.880><c> this</c><00:16:33.040><c> out</c>

00:16:33.590 --> 00:16:33.600 align:start position:0%
going to figure this out
 

00:16:33.600 --> 00:16:36.550 align:start position:0%
going to figure this out
and<00:16:33.759><c> 20</c><00:16:34.000><c> minutes</c><00:16:34.320><c> later</c><00:16:35.600><c> half</c><00:16:35.839><c> the</c><00:16:36.000><c> solution</c>

00:16:36.550 --> 00:16:36.560 align:start position:0%
and 20 minutes later half the solution
 

00:16:36.560 --> 00:16:37.189 align:start position:0%
and 20 minutes later half the solution
came<00:16:36.720><c> to</c><00:16:36.880><c> me</c>

00:16:37.189 --> 00:16:37.199 align:start position:0%
came to me
 

00:16:37.199 --> 00:16:40.310 align:start position:0%
came to me
and<00:16:37.360><c> then</c><00:16:37.680><c> i</c><00:16:37.920><c> told</c><00:16:38.160><c> alon</c><00:16:39.040><c> my</c><00:16:39.279><c> half</c><00:16:39.759><c> he</c><00:16:39.920><c> gave</c><00:16:40.160><c> me</c>

00:16:40.310 --> 00:16:40.320 align:start position:0%
and then i told alon my half he gave me
 

00:16:40.320 --> 00:16:41.990 align:start position:0%
and then i told alon my half he gave me
the<00:16:40.480><c> second</c><00:16:40.800><c> half</c><00:16:41.040><c> and</c><00:16:41.199><c> voila</c>

00:16:41.990 --> 00:16:42.000 align:start position:0%
the second half and voila
 

00:16:42.000 --> 00:16:44.629 align:start position:0%
the second half and voila
we<00:16:42.160><c> had</c><00:16:42.399><c> the</c><00:16:42.560><c> small</c><00:16:42.959><c> surgical</c><00:16:43.440><c> snake</c><00:16:43.759><c> robot</c>

00:16:44.629 --> 00:16:44.639 align:start position:0%
we had the small surgical snake robot
 

00:16:44.639 --> 00:16:46.870 align:start position:0%
we had the small surgical snake robot
marco<00:16:45.040><c> was</c><00:16:45.120><c> then</c><00:16:45.360><c> able</c><00:16:45.519><c> to</c><00:16:45.600><c> give</c><00:16:45.759><c> us</c><00:16:45.920><c> feedback</c>

00:16:46.870 --> 00:16:46.880 align:start position:0%
marco was then able to give us feedback
 

00:16:46.880 --> 00:16:48.710 align:start position:0%
marco was then able to give us feedback
and<00:16:47.360><c> he</c><00:16:47.440><c> was</c><00:16:47.680><c> aggressive</c><00:16:48.160><c> in</c><00:16:48.240><c> getting</c><00:16:48.399><c> us</c><00:16:48.560><c> into</c>

00:16:48.710 --> 00:16:48.720 align:start position:0%
and he was aggressive in getting us into
 

00:16:48.720 --> 00:16:50.550 align:start position:0%
and he was aggressive in getting us into
the<00:16:48.880><c> operating</c><00:16:49.279><c> room</c><00:16:49.600><c> we</c><00:16:49.839><c> started</c><00:16:50.160><c> operating</c>

00:16:50.550 --> 00:16:50.560 align:start position:0%
the operating room we started operating
 

00:16:50.560 --> 00:16:51.590 align:start position:0%
the operating room we started operating
on<00:16:50.720><c> pigs</c>

00:16:51.590 --> 00:16:51.600 align:start position:0%
on pigs
 

00:16:51.600 --> 00:16:53.189 align:start position:0%
on pigs
and<00:16:51.759><c> the</c><00:16:51.920><c> mechanism</c><00:16:52.399><c> just</c><00:16:52.639><c> iterated</c><00:16:53.120><c> and</c>

00:16:53.189 --> 00:16:53.199 align:start position:0%
and the mechanism just iterated and
 

00:16:53.199 --> 00:16:55.509 align:start position:0%
and the mechanism just iterated and
iterated<00:16:54.240><c> and</c><00:16:54.399><c> then</c><00:16:54.560><c> at</c><00:16:54.720><c> a</c><00:16:54.880><c> certain</c><00:16:55.120><c> point</c><00:16:55.440><c> i</c>

00:16:55.509 --> 00:16:55.519 align:start position:0%
iterated and then at a certain point i
 

00:16:55.519 --> 00:16:56.870 align:start position:0%
iterated and then at a certain point i
was<00:16:55.680><c> very</c><00:16:55.839><c> proud</c><00:16:56.160><c> to</c><00:16:56.320><c> say</c>

00:16:56.870 --> 00:16:56.880 align:start position:0%
was very proud to say
 

00:16:56.880 --> 00:17:00.150 align:start position:0%
was very proud to say
that<00:16:57.360><c> uh</c><00:16:57.920><c> marco</c><00:16:58.320><c> zenati</c><00:16:58.800><c> elon</c><00:16:59.120><c> wolf</c><00:16:59.360><c> and</c><00:16:59.519><c> i</c>

00:17:00.150 --> 00:17:00.160 align:start position:0%
that uh marco zenati elon wolf and i
 

00:17:00.160 --> 00:17:02.829 align:start position:0%
that uh marco zenati elon wolf and i
we<00:17:00.399><c> co-founded</c><00:17:01.040><c> this</c><00:17:01.199><c> company</c><00:17:01.759><c> called</c><00:17:02.240><c> med</c>

00:17:02.829 --> 00:17:02.839 align:start position:0%
we co-founded this company called med
 

00:17:02.839 --> 00:17:03.990 align:start position:0%
we co-founded this company called med
robotics

00:17:03.990 --> 00:17:04.000 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:17:04.000 --> 00:17:05.669 align:start position:0%
robotics
and<00:17:04.480><c> i</c><00:17:04.640><c> don't</c><00:17:04.799><c> think</c><00:17:05.039><c> we</c><00:17:05.199><c> could</c><00:17:05.360><c> have</c><00:17:05.439><c> started</c>

00:17:05.669 --> 00:17:05.679 align:start position:0%
and i don't think we could have started
 

00:17:05.679 --> 00:17:07.909 align:start position:0%
and i don't think we could have started
this<00:17:05.839><c> company</c><00:17:06.319><c> without</c><00:17:06.799><c> the</c>

00:17:07.909 --> 00:17:07.919 align:start position:0%
this company without the
 

00:17:07.919 --> 00:17:11.350 align:start position:0%
this company without the
assistance<00:17:08.640><c> of</c><00:17:09.600><c> jim</c><00:17:10.000><c> jordan</c><00:17:10.880><c> he</c>

00:17:11.350 --> 00:17:11.360 align:start position:0%
assistance of jim jordan he
 

00:17:11.360 --> 00:17:14.470 align:start position:0%
assistance of jim jordan he
is<00:17:11.600><c> the</c><00:17:11.919><c> chief</c><00:17:12.559><c> uh</c><00:17:13.120><c> investment</c><00:17:13.679><c> officer</c><00:17:14.160><c> of</c><00:17:14.319><c> an</c>

00:17:14.470 --> 00:17:14.480 align:start position:0%
is the chief uh investment officer of an
 

00:17:14.480 --> 00:17:16.470 align:start position:0%
is the chief uh investment officer of an
organization<00:17:15.199><c> called</c><00:17:15.439><c> the</c><00:17:15.600><c> pittsburgh</c><00:17:16.160><c> life</c>

00:17:16.470 --> 00:17:16.480 align:start position:0%
organization called the pittsburgh life
 

00:17:16.480 --> 00:17:17.990 align:start position:0%
organization called the pittsburgh life
science<00:17:16.880><c> greenhouse</c>

00:17:17.990 --> 00:17:18.000 align:start position:0%
science greenhouse
 

00:17:18.000 --> 00:17:19.909 align:start position:0%
science greenhouse
the<00:17:18.160><c> pittsburgh</c><00:17:18.640><c> life</c><00:17:18.880><c> science</c><00:17:19.199><c> greenhouse</c>

00:17:19.909 --> 00:17:19.919 align:start position:0%
the pittsburgh life science greenhouse
 

00:17:19.919 --> 00:17:21.990 align:start position:0%
the pittsburgh life science greenhouse
looks<00:17:20.240><c> at</c><00:17:20.480><c> small</c><00:17:20.799><c> companies</c><00:17:21.280><c> in</c><00:17:21.439><c> university</c>

00:17:21.990 --> 00:17:22.000 align:start position:0%
looks at small companies in university
 

00:17:22.000 --> 00:17:22.949 align:start position:0%
looks at small companies in university
research

00:17:22.949 --> 00:17:22.959 align:start position:0%
research
 

00:17:22.959 --> 00:17:24.789 align:start position:0%
research
and<00:17:23.199><c> helps</c><00:17:23.520><c> them</c><00:17:23.839><c> understand</c><00:17:24.400><c> the</c><00:17:24.480><c> true</c>

00:17:24.789 --> 00:17:24.799 align:start position:0%
and helps them understand the true
 

00:17:24.799 --> 00:17:27.110 align:start position:0%
and helps them understand the true
market<00:17:25.120><c> potential</c><00:17:25.600><c> of</c><00:17:25.679><c> their</c><00:17:25.919><c> technology</c>

00:17:27.110 --> 00:17:27.120 align:start position:0%
market potential of their technology
 

00:17:27.120 --> 00:17:29.029 align:start position:0%
market potential of their technology
gives<00:17:27.360><c> them</c><00:17:27.600><c> some</c><00:17:27.760><c> money</c><00:17:28.079><c> but</c><00:17:28.319><c> also</c><00:17:28.720><c> makes</c>

00:17:29.029 --> 00:17:29.039 align:start position:0%
gives them some money but also makes
 

00:17:29.039 --> 00:17:30.549 align:start position:0%
gives them some money but also makes
lots<00:17:29.280><c> of</c><00:17:29.360><c> introductions</c><00:17:30.000><c> to</c><00:17:30.160><c> potential</c>

00:17:30.549 --> 00:17:30.559 align:start position:0%
lots of introductions to potential
 

00:17:30.559 --> 00:17:32.870 align:start position:0%
lots of introductions to potential
investors<00:17:31.039><c> and</c><00:17:31.200><c> to</c><00:17:31.360><c> potential</c><00:17:31.760><c> ceos</c>

00:17:32.870 --> 00:17:32.880 align:start position:0%
investors and to potential ceos
 

00:17:32.880 --> 00:17:35.110 align:start position:0%
investors and to potential ceos
and<00:17:33.039><c> it</c><00:17:33.120><c> was</c><00:17:33.520><c> and</c><00:17:33.919><c> it</c><00:17:34.000><c> was</c><00:17:34.320><c> jim</c><00:17:34.640><c> jordan's</c>

00:17:35.110 --> 00:17:35.120 align:start position:0%
and it was and it was jim jordan's
 

00:17:35.120 --> 00:17:37.430 align:start position:0%
and it was and it was jim jordan's
vision<00:17:35.520><c> that</c><00:17:35.840><c> really</c><00:17:36.160><c> got</c><00:17:36.400><c> us</c><00:17:36.559><c> to</c><00:17:36.720><c> articulate</c>

00:17:37.430 --> 00:17:37.440 align:start position:0%
vision that really got us to articulate
 

00:17:37.440 --> 00:17:40.549 align:start position:0%
vision that really got us to articulate
where<00:17:37.679><c> this</c><00:17:37.919><c> surgical</c><00:17:38.320><c> snake</c><00:17:38.640><c> robots</c><00:17:39.440><c> can</c><00:17:39.600><c> go</c>

00:17:40.549 --> 00:17:40.559 align:start position:0%
where this surgical snake robots can go
 

00:17:40.559 --> 00:17:43.669 align:start position:0%
where this surgical snake robots can go
and<00:17:40.799><c> with</c><00:17:40.960><c> that</c><00:17:41.200><c> vision</c><00:17:41.840><c> and</c><00:17:42.400><c> with</c><00:17:42.880><c> you</c><00:17:42.960><c> know</c>

00:17:43.669 --> 00:17:43.679 align:start position:0%
and with that vision and with you know
 

00:17:43.679 --> 00:17:47.110 align:start position:0%
and with that vision and with you know
our<00:17:44.080><c> great</c><00:17:45.679><c> work</c><00:17:46.000><c> ethic</c><00:17:46.400><c> we</c><00:17:46.559><c> were</c><00:17:46.720><c> able</c><00:17:46.960><c> to</c>

00:17:47.110 --> 00:17:47.120 align:start position:0%
our great work ethic we were able to
 

00:17:47.120 --> 00:17:49.029 align:start position:0%
our great work ethic we were able to
attract<00:17:47.679><c> a</c><00:17:47.840><c> ceo</c>

00:17:49.029 --> 00:17:49.039 align:start position:0%
attract a ceo
 

00:17:49.039 --> 00:17:52.470 align:start position:0%
attract a ceo
from<00:17:49.280><c> boston</c><00:17:50.400><c> um</c>

00:17:52.470 --> 00:17:52.480 align:start position:0%
from boston um
 

00:17:52.480 --> 00:17:55.029 align:start position:0%
from boston um
i<00:17:52.640><c> have</c><00:17:52.799><c> to</c><00:17:54.000><c> i</c><00:17:54.160><c> wanted</c><00:17:54.400><c> to</c><00:17:54.480><c> say</c><00:17:54.640><c> boston</c>

00:17:55.029 --> 00:17:55.039 align:start position:0%
i have to i wanted to say boston
 

00:17:55.039 --> 00:17:55.669 align:start position:0%
i have to i wanted to say boston
dynamics<00:17:55.440><c> but</c>

00:17:55.669 --> 00:17:55.679 align:start position:0%
dynamics but
 

00:17:55.679 --> 00:17:58.710 align:start position:0%
dynamics but
from<00:17:55.840><c> boston</c><00:17:56.160><c> scientific</c><00:17:57.919><c> so</c><00:17:58.160><c> we</c><00:17:58.320><c> were</c><00:17:58.559><c> able</c>

00:17:58.710 --> 00:17:58.720 align:start position:0%
from boston scientific so we were able
 

00:17:58.720 --> 00:18:00.230 align:start position:0%
from boston scientific so we were able
to<00:17:58.880><c> attract</c>

00:18:00.230 --> 00:18:00.240 align:start position:0%
to attract
 

00:18:00.240 --> 00:18:01.830 align:start position:0%
to attract
with<00:18:00.400><c> jim</c><00:18:00.640><c> jordan's</c><00:18:01.039><c> help</c><00:18:01.280><c> we</c><00:18:01.440><c> were</c><00:18:01.520><c> able</c><00:18:01.679><c> to</c>

00:18:01.830 --> 00:18:01.840 align:start position:0%
with jim jordan's help we were able to
 

00:18:01.840 --> 00:18:04.390 align:start position:0%
with jim jordan's help we were able to
attract<00:18:02.240><c> a</c><00:18:02.320><c> ceo</c><00:18:02.799><c> from</c><00:18:02.960><c> boston</c><00:18:03.360><c> scientific</c>

00:18:04.390 --> 00:18:04.400 align:start position:0%
attract a ceo from boston scientific
 

00:18:04.400 --> 00:18:05.830 align:start position:0%
attract a ceo from boston scientific
and<00:18:04.480><c> then</c><00:18:04.640><c> there</c><00:18:04.960><c> the</c><00:18:05.039><c> company</c><00:18:05.360><c> was</c><00:18:05.520><c> able</c><00:18:05.760><c> to</c>

00:18:05.830 --> 00:18:05.840 align:start position:0%
and then there the company was able to
 

00:18:05.840 --> 00:18:08.710 align:start position:0%
and then there the company was able to
take<00:18:06.080><c> off</c><00:18:06.960><c> so</c><00:18:07.200><c> we</c><00:18:07.360><c> were</c><00:18:07.600><c> able</c><00:18:07.760><c> to</c><00:18:07.919><c> attract</c>

00:18:08.710 --> 00:18:08.720 align:start position:0%
take off so we were able to attract
 

00:18:08.720 --> 00:18:10.549 align:start position:0%
take off so we were able to attract
uh<00:18:09.039><c> first</c><00:18:09.520><c> 12</c><00:18:09.760><c> million</c><00:18:10.080><c> dollars</c><00:18:10.400><c> in</c>

00:18:10.549 --> 00:18:10.559 align:start position:0%
uh first 12 million dollars in
 

00:18:10.559 --> 00:18:12.230 align:start position:0%
uh first 12 million dollars in
investment<00:18:11.200><c> and</c><00:18:11.360><c> that</c><00:18:11.520><c> brought</c><00:18:11.840><c> us</c><00:18:12.000><c> to</c><00:18:12.160><c> the</c>

00:18:12.230 --> 00:18:12.240 align:start position:0%
investment and that brought us to the
 

00:18:12.240 --> 00:18:13.350 align:start position:0%
investment and that brought us to the
first<00:18:12.559><c> in</c><00:18:12.720><c> human</c>

00:18:13.350 --> 00:18:13.360 align:start position:0%
first in human
 

00:18:13.360 --> 00:18:15.830 align:start position:0%
first in human
operation<00:18:14.559><c> where</c><00:18:14.799><c> i</c><00:18:14.880><c> was</c><00:18:15.120><c> fortunate</c><00:18:15.520><c> enough</c>

00:18:15.830 --> 00:18:15.840 align:start position:0%
operation where i was fortunate enough
 

00:18:15.840 --> 00:18:17.669 align:start position:0%
operation where i was fortunate enough
to<00:18:16.000><c> be</c><00:18:16.160><c> present</c><00:18:16.640><c> so</c><00:18:16.799><c> i</c><00:18:16.880><c> got</c><00:18:17.039><c> to</c><00:18:17.280><c> watch</c>

00:18:17.669 --> 00:18:17.679 align:start position:0%
to be present so i got to watch
 

00:18:17.679 --> 00:18:20.549 align:start position:0%
to be present so i got to watch
my<00:18:17.919><c> snake</c><00:18:18.320><c> robots</c><00:18:19.360><c> operate</c><00:18:19.919><c> through</c><00:18:20.080><c> a</c><00:18:20.240><c> small</c>

00:18:20.549 --> 00:18:20.559 align:start position:0%
my snake robots operate through a small
 

00:18:20.559 --> 00:18:22.710 align:start position:0%
my snake robots operate through a small
incision<00:18:21.200><c> on</c><00:18:21.360><c> this</c><00:18:21.600><c> woman's</c><00:18:21.919><c> heart</c>

00:18:22.710 --> 00:18:22.720 align:start position:0%
incision on this woman's heart
 

00:18:22.720 --> 00:18:25.350 align:start position:0%
incision on this woman's heart
and<00:18:22.960><c> she</c><00:18:23.200><c> received</c><00:18:23.760><c> a</c><00:18:23.919><c> diagnostic</c><00:18:25.120><c> which</c>

00:18:25.350 --> 00:18:25.360 align:start position:0%
and she received a diagnostic which
 

00:18:25.360 --> 00:18:26.870 align:start position:0%
and she received a diagnostic which
otherwise<00:18:25.919><c> would</c><00:18:26.080><c> require</c><00:18:26.480><c> a</c><00:18:26.640><c> full</c>

00:18:26.870 --> 00:18:26.880 align:start position:0%
otherwise would require a full
 

00:18:26.880 --> 00:18:28.390 align:start position:0%
otherwise would require a full
sternotomy

00:18:28.390 --> 00:18:28.400 align:start position:0%
sternotomy
 

00:18:28.400 --> 00:18:30.150 align:start position:0%
sternotomy
12<00:18:28.799><c> to</c><00:18:28.960><c> 14</c><00:18:29.360><c> days</c><00:18:29.600><c> she</c><00:18:29.679><c> would</c><00:18:29.760><c> have</c><00:18:29.840><c> been</c><00:18:30.000><c> in</c><00:18:30.000><c> the</c>

00:18:30.150 --> 00:18:30.160 align:start position:0%
12 to 14 days she would have been in the
 

00:18:30.160 --> 00:18:32.230 align:start position:0%
12 to 14 days she would have been in the
hospital<00:18:30.720><c> except</c><00:18:31.360><c> this</c><00:18:31.520><c> time</c><00:18:31.760><c> she</c><00:18:31.919><c> went</c><00:18:32.000><c> home</c>

00:18:32.230 --> 00:18:32.240 align:start position:0%
hospital except this time she went home
 

00:18:32.240 --> 00:18:33.430 align:start position:0%
hospital except this time she went home
the<00:18:32.320><c> next</c><00:18:32.559><c> day</c>

00:18:33.430 --> 00:18:33.440 align:start position:0%
the next day
 

00:18:33.440 --> 00:18:36.870 align:start position:0%
the next day
very<00:18:33.679><c> little</c><00:18:33.919><c> suffering</c><00:18:35.600><c> uh</c><00:18:35.919><c> that</c><00:18:36.160><c> company</c>

00:18:36.870 --> 00:18:36.880 align:start position:0%
very little suffering uh that company
 

00:18:36.880 --> 00:18:40.230 align:start position:0%
very little suffering uh that company
today<00:18:37.200><c> is</c><00:18:37.440><c> led</c><00:18:37.679><c> by</c><00:18:38.000><c> samuel</c><00:18:38.559><c> strafache</c>

00:18:40.230 --> 00:18:40.240 align:start position:0%
today is led by samuel strafache
 

00:18:40.240 --> 00:18:42.789 align:start position:0%
today is led by samuel strafache
and<00:18:40.400><c> he's</c><00:18:40.640><c> the</c><00:18:40.799><c> ceo</c><00:18:41.360><c> of</c><00:18:41.520><c> med</c><00:18:41.679><c> robotics</c><00:18:42.400><c> and</c>

00:18:42.789 --> 00:18:42.799 align:start position:0%
and he's the ceo of med robotics and
 

00:18:42.799 --> 00:18:44.630 align:start position:0%
and he's the ceo of med robotics and
he's<00:18:43.200><c> just</c><00:18:43.440><c> wonderful</c><00:18:43.840><c> the</c><00:18:44.080><c> breadth</c><00:18:44.400><c> of</c>

00:18:44.630 --> 00:18:44.640 align:start position:0%
he's just wonderful the breadth of
 

00:18:44.640 --> 00:18:46.390 align:start position:0%
he's just wonderful the breadth of
knowledge<00:18:45.120><c> that</c><00:18:45.280><c> he</c><00:18:45.440><c> has</c>

00:18:46.390 --> 00:18:46.400 align:start position:0%
knowledge that he has
 

00:18:46.400 --> 00:18:48.710 align:start position:0%
knowledge that he has
on<00:18:46.559><c> the</c><00:18:46.640><c> medical</c><00:18:46.960><c> device</c><00:18:47.360><c> field</c><00:18:48.160><c> on</c><00:18:48.400><c> what</c><00:18:48.640><c> it</c>

00:18:48.710 --> 00:18:48.720 align:start position:0%
on the medical device field on what it
 

00:18:48.720 --> 00:18:49.990 align:start position:0%
on the medical device field on what it
takes<00:18:48.880><c> to</c><00:18:49.039><c> make</c><00:18:49.200><c> systems</c><00:18:49.679><c> go</c>

00:18:49.990 --> 00:18:50.000 align:start position:0%
takes to make systems go
 

00:18:50.000 --> 00:18:52.710 align:start position:0%
takes to make systems go
he<00:18:50.160><c> just</c><00:18:50.400><c> knows</c><00:18:50.880><c> everything</c><00:18:51.840><c> and</c><00:18:52.160><c> he</c><00:18:52.320><c> is</c><00:18:52.480><c> just</c>

00:18:52.710 --> 00:18:52.720 align:start position:0%
he just knows everything and he is just
 

00:18:52.720 --> 00:18:54.549 align:start position:0%
he just knows everything and he is just
a<00:18:52.880><c> way</c><00:18:53.039><c> of</c><00:18:53.280><c> you</c><00:18:53.360><c> know</c><00:18:53.520><c> being</c><00:18:53.760><c> able</c><00:18:53.919><c> to</c><00:18:54.080><c> talk</c>

00:18:54.549 --> 00:18:54.559 align:start position:0%
a way of you know being able to talk
 

00:18:54.559 --> 00:18:57.110 align:start position:0%
a way of you know being able to talk
uh<00:18:55.440><c> with</c><00:18:55.679><c> people</c><00:18:56.160><c> in</c><00:18:56.480><c> all</c><00:18:56.720><c> sorts</c><00:18:57.039><c> of</c>

00:18:57.110 --> 00:18:57.120 align:start position:0%
uh with people in all sorts of
 

00:18:57.120 --> 00:18:58.310 align:start position:0%
uh with people in all sorts of
disciplines<00:18:57.679><c> you</c><00:18:57.760><c> know</c><00:18:57.919><c> bring</c>

00:18:58.310 --> 00:18:58.320 align:start position:0%
disciplines you know bring
 

00:18:58.320 --> 00:19:00.390 align:start position:0%
disciplines you know bring
brings<00:18:58.559><c> it</c><00:18:58.640><c> all</c><00:18:58.799><c> together</c><00:18:59.679><c> and</c><00:18:59.760><c> i'm</c><00:19:00.000><c> proud</c><00:19:00.240><c> to</c>

00:19:00.390 --> 00:19:00.400 align:start position:0%
brings it all together and i'm proud to
 

00:19:00.400 --> 00:19:01.430 align:start position:0%
brings it all together and i'm proud to
say<00:19:00.960><c> that</c>

00:19:01.430 --> 00:19:01.440 align:start position:0%
say that
 

00:19:01.440 --> 00:19:04.549 align:start position:0%
say that
the<00:19:01.600><c> company</c><00:19:02.240><c> has</c><00:19:02.960><c> received</c><00:19:03.440><c> its</c><00:19:03.600><c> european</c><00:19:04.160><c> ce</c>

00:19:04.549 --> 00:19:04.559 align:start position:0%
the company has received its european ce
 

00:19:04.559 --> 00:19:05.430 align:start position:0%
the company has received its european ce
mark

00:19:05.430 --> 00:19:05.440 align:start position:0%
mark
 

00:19:05.440 --> 00:19:08.950 align:start position:0%
mark
so<00:19:05.600><c> this</c><00:19:05.760><c> means</c><00:19:06.080><c> they're</c><00:19:06.320><c> able</c><00:19:06.480><c> to</c><00:19:06.880><c> operate</c><00:19:08.160><c> uh</c>

00:19:08.950 --> 00:19:08.960 align:start position:0%
so this means they're able to operate uh
 

00:19:08.960 --> 00:19:12.310 align:start position:0%
so this means they're able to operate uh
in<00:19:09.200><c> europe</c><00:19:09.840><c> uh</c><00:19:10.000><c> with</c><00:19:10.240><c> this</c><00:19:10.480><c> robot</c><00:19:11.520><c> and</c>

00:19:12.310 --> 00:19:12.320 align:start position:0%
in europe uh with this robot and
 

00:19:12.320 --> 00:19:14.870 align:start position:0%
in europe uh with this robot and
we've<00:19:12.559><c> performed</c><00:19:13.200><c> on</c><00:19:13.360><c> the</c><00:19:13.440><c> order</c><00:19:13.760><c> of</c><00:19:13.840><c> 15</c><00:19:14.320><c> to</c><00:19:14.480><c> 20</c>

00:19:14.870 --> 00:19:14.880 align:start position:0%
we've performed on the order of 15 to 20
 

00:19:14.880 --> 00:19:15.669 align:start position:0%
we've performed on the order of 15 to 20
operations

00:19:15.669 --> 00:19:15.679 align:start position:0%
operations
 

00:19:15.679 --> 00:19:17.669 align:start position:0%
operations
in<00:19:15.840><c> the</c><00:19:15.919><c> last</c><00:19:16.320><c> month</c><00:19:16.960><c> since</c><00:19:17.200><c> we've</c><00:19:17.360><c> obtained</c>

00:19:17.669 --> 00:19:17.679 align:start position:0%
in the last month since we've obtained
 

00:19:17.679 --> 00:19:19.430 align:start position:0%
in the last month since we've obtained
this<00:19:18.000><c> certification</c>

00:19:19.430 --> 00:19:19.440 align:start position:0%
this certification
 

00:19:19.440 --> 00:19:23.750 align:start position:0%
this certification
on<00:19:19.600><c> a</c><00:19:19.760><c> base</c><00:19:20.080><c> of</c><00:19:20.480><c> neck</c><00:19:21.120><c> or</c><00:19:21.440><c> base</c><00:19:21.679><c> of</c><00:19:21.760><c> throat</c><00:19:22.320><c> uh</c>

00:19:23.750 --> 00:19:23.760 align:start position:0%
on a base of neck or base of throat uh
 

00:19:23.760 --> 00:19:26.549 align:start position:0%
on a base of neck or base of throat uh
operation<00:19:25.200><c> procedures</c><00:19:25.760><c> which</c><00:19:26.080><c> otherwise</c>

00:19:26.549 --> 00:19:26.559 align:start position:0%
operation procedures which otherwise
 

00:19:26.559 --> 00:19:27.350 align:start position:0%
operation procedures which otherwise
would<00:19:26.799><c> require</c>

00:19:27.350 --> 00:19:27.360 align:start position:0%
would require
 

00:19:27.360 --> 00:19:30.789 align:start position:0%
would require
an<00:19:27.520><c> invasive</c><00:19:28.559><c> incision</c><00:19:30.080><c> or</c>

00:19:30.789 --> 00:19:30.799 align:start position:0%
an invasive incision or
 

00:19:30.799 --> 00:19:33.270 align:start position:0%
an invasive incision or
bad<00:19:31.200><c> chemotherapy</c><00:19:32.320><c> or</c><00:19:32.640><c> the</c><00:19:32.799><c> patient</c><00:19:33.120><c> just</c>

00:19:33.270 --> 00:19:33.280 align:start position:0%
bad chemotherapy or the patient just
 

00:19:33.280 --> 00:19:34.549 align:start position:0%
bad chemotherapy or the patient just
would<00:19:33.440><c> have</c><00:19:33.520><c> been</c><00:19:33.600><c> told</c><00:19:33.840><c> we're</c><00:19:34.000><c> really</c><00:19:34.240><c> sorry</c>

00:19:34.549 --> 00:19:34.559 align:start position:0%
would have been told we're really sorry
 

00:19:34.559 --> 00:19:36.950 align:start position:0%
would have been told we're really sorry
there's<00:19:34.720><c> nothing</c><00:19:34.960><c> we</c><00:19:35.039><c> can</c><00:19:35.120><c> do</c><00:19:35.280><c> for</c><00:19:35.440><c> you</c>

00:19:36.950 --> 00:19:36.960 align:start position:0%
there's nothing we can do for you
 

00:19:36.960 --> 00:19:38.150 align:start position:0%
there's nothing we can do for you
interesting<00:19:37.360><c> so</c><00:19:37.520><c> what</c><00:19:37.679><c> was</c><00:19:37.840><c> the</c><00:19:37.919><c> big</c>

00:19:38.150 --> 00:19:38.160 align:start position:0%
interesting so what was the big
 

00:19:38.160 --> 00:19:40.310 align:start position:0%
interesting so what was the big
breakthrough<00:19:38.640><c> that</c><00:19:38.799><c> you</c><00:19:38.880><c> have</c><00:19:39.200><c> that</c><00:19:39.760><c> these</c>

00:19:40.310 --> 00:19:40.320 align:start position:0%
breakthrough that you have that these
 

00:19:40.320 --> 00:19:42.310 align:start position:0%
breakthrough that you have that these
figured<00:19:40.720><c> out</c><00:19:40.880><c> and</c><00:19:40.960><c> put</c><00:19:41.200><c> together</c><00:19:41.520><c> with</c><00:19:41.679><c> a</c><00:19:41.760><c> lawn</c>

00:19:42.310 --> 00:19:42.320 align:start position:0%
figured out and put together with a lawn
 

00:19:42.320 --> 00:19:43.909 align:start position:0%
figured out and put together with a lawn
and<00:19:42.400><c> then</c><00:19:42.640><c> 20</c><00:19:42.880><c> minutes</c>

00:19:43.909 --> 00:19:43.919 align:start position:0%
and then 20 minutes
 

00:19:43.919 --> 00:19:45.510 align:start position:0%
and then 20 minutes
the<00:19:44.080><c> breakthrough</c><00:19:44.559><c> that</c><00:19:44.640><c> we</c><00:19:44.880><c> had</c><00:19:45.360><c> in</c>

00:19:45.510 --> 00:19:45.520 align:start position:0%
the breakthrough that we had in
 

00:19:45.520 --> 00:19:47.430 align:start position:0%
the breakthrough that we had in
designing<00:19:45.919><c> the</c><00:19:46.160><c> small</c><00:19:46.559><c> surgical</c><00:19:47.039><c> snake</c>

00:19:47.430 --> 00:19:47.440 align:start position:0%
designing the small surgical snake
 

00:19:47.440 --> 00:19:48.549 align:start position:0%
designing the small surgical snake
robots

00:19:48.549 --> 00:19:48.559 align:start position:0%
robots
 

00:19:48.559 --> 00:19:51.990 align:start position:0%
robots
was<00:19:49.919><c> how</c><00:19:50.160><c> we</c><00:19:50.400><c> can</c><00:19:51.440><c> get</c><00:19:51.760><c> all</c>

00:19:51.990 --> 00:19:52.000 align:start position:0%
was how we can get all
 

00:19:52.000 --> 00:19:55.270 align:start position:0%
was how we can get all
of<00:19:52.080><c> the</c><00:19:52.320><c> actuation</c><00:19:53.600><c> off</c><00:19:54.080><c> board</c><00:19:54.480><c> the</c><00:19:54.640><c> robot</c>

00:19:55.270 --> 00:19:55.280 align:start position:0%
of the actuation off board the robot
 

00:19:55.280 --> 00:19:57.430 align:start position:0%
of the actuation off board the robot
so<00:19:55.440><c> there's</c><00:19:55.600><c> no</c><00:19:55.760><c> motors</c><00:19:56.160><c> in</c><00:19:56.240><c> the</c><00:19:56.320><c> robot</c><00:19:57.280><c> and</c>

00:19:57.430 --> 00:19:57.440 align:start position:0%
so there's no motors in the robot and
 

00:19:57.440 --> 00:20:00.070 align:start position:0%
so there's no motors in the robot and
we're<00:19:57.679><c> able</c><00:19:57.919><c> to</c><00:19:58.160><c> marine</c><00:19:58.559><c> at</c><00:19:58.640><c> that</c><00:19:58.880><c> robot</c>

00:20:00.070 --> 00:20:00.080 align:start position:0%
we're able to marine at that robot
 

00:20:00.080 --> 00:20:03.590 align:start position:0%
we're able to marine at that robot
using<00:20:00.640><c> four</c><00:20:01.120><c> cables</c><00:20:02.240><c> so</c><00:20:02.799><c> literally</c><00:20:03.200><c> using</c>

00:20:03.590 --> 00:20:03.600 align:start position:0%
using four cables so literally using
 

00:20:03.600 --> 00:20:05.029 align:start position:0%
using four cables so literally using
four<00:20:03.919><c> fishing</c><00:20:04.320><c> wires</c>

00:20:05.029 --> 00:20:05.039 align:start position:0%
four fishing wires
 

00:20:05.039 --> 00:20:07.669 align:start position:0%
four fishing wires
and<00:20:05.360><c> six</c><00:20:05.760><c> motors</c><00:20:06.320><c> that</c><00:20:06.559><c> you</c><00:20:06.640><c> can</c><00:20:06.880><c> buy</c><00:20:07.440><c> from</c>

00:20:07.669 --> 00:20:07.679 align:start position:0%
and six motors that you can buy from
 

00:20:07.679 --> 00:20:08.870 align:start position:0%
and six motors that you can buy from
radio<00:20:08.159><c> shack</c>

00:20:08.870 --> 00:20:08.880 align:start position:0%
radio shack
 

00:20:08.880 --> 00:20:11.190 align:start position:0%
radio shack
we<00:20:09.039><c> were</c><00:20:09.280><c> able</c><00:20:09.520><c> to</c><00:20:09.679><c> build</c><00:20:10.000><c> a</c><00:20:10.159><c> mechanism</c><00:20:11.039><c> that</c>

00:20:11.190 --> 00:20:11.200 align:start position:0%
we were able to build a mechanism that
 

00:20:11.200 --> 00:20:13.270 align:start position:0%
we were able to build a mechanism that
can<00:20:11.440><c> follow</c><00:20:11.760><c> an</c><00:20:11.919><c> arbitrary</c><00:20:12.559><c> curve</c><00:20:12.960><c> up</c><00:20:13.039><c> to</c><00:20:13.200><c> a</c>

00:20:13.270 --> 00:20:13.280 align:start position:0%
can follow an arbitrary curve up to a
 

00:20:13.280 --> 00:20:14.950 align:start position:0%
can follow an arbitrary curve up to a
curvature<00:20:13.760><c> limit</c><00:20:14.080><c> in</c><00:20:14.240><c> a</c><00:20:14.320><c> three-dimensional</c>

00:20:14.950 --> 00:20:14.960 align:start position:0%
curvature limit in a three-dimensional
 

00:20:14.960 --> 00:20:16.950 align:start position:0%
curvature limit in a three-dimensional
space

00:20:16.950 --> 00:20:16.960 align:start position:0%
space
 

00:20:16.960 --> 00:20:19.270 align:start position:0%
space
and<00:20:17.120><c> you</c><00:20:17.200><c> can</c><00:20:17.360><c> control</c><00:20:17.760><c> the</c><00:20:17.919><c> point</c><00:20:18.480><c> along</c><00:20:19.120><c> the</c>

00:20:19.270 --> 00:20:19.280 align:start position:0%
and you can control the point along the
 

00:20:19.280 --> 00:20:20.549 align:start position:0%
and you can control the point along the
snake<00:20:19.600><c> at</c><00:20:19.679><c> which</c><00:20:19.919><c> the</c><00:20:20.080><c> curve</c>

00:20:20.549 --> 00:20:20.559 align:start position:0%
snake at which the curve
 

00:20:20.559 --> 00:20:23.990 align:start position:0%
snake at which the curve
occurs<00:20:21.919><c> the</c><00:20:22.080><c> way</c><00:20:22.960><c> the</c><00:20:23.360><c> physician</c>

00:20:23.990 --> 00:20:24.000 align:start position:0%
occurs the way the physician
 

00:20:24.000 --> 00:20:27.510 align:start position:0%
occurs the way the physician
or<00:20:24.159><c> the</c><00:20:24.320><c> user</c><00:20:25.200><c> is</c><00:20:25.360><c> able</c><00:20:25.600><c> to</c><00:20:25.919><c> control</c><00:20:26.400><c> the</c><00:20:26.559><c> robot</c>

00:20:27.510 --> 00:20:27.520 align:start position:0%
or the user is able to control the robot
 

00:20:27.520 --> 00:20:30.149 align:start position:0%
or the user is able to control the robot
is<00:20:27.679><c> he</c><00:20:27.840><c> has</c><00:20:28.000><c> a</c><00:20:28.159><c> joystick</c><00:20:29.200><c> and</c><00:20:29.360><c> that</c><00:20:29.600><c> joystick</c>

00:20:30.149 --> 00:20:30.159 align:start position:0%
is he has a joystick and that joystick
 

00:20:30.159 --> 00:20:30.870 align:start position:0%
is he has a joystick and that joystick
steers

00:20:30.870 --> 00:20:30.880 align:start position:0%
steers
 

00:20:30.880 --> 00:20:33.350 align:start position:0%
steers
where<00:20:31.200><c> the</c><00:20:31.360><c> head</c><00:20:31.520><c> of</c><00:20:31.600><c> the</c><00:20:31.760><c> snake</c><00:20:32.080><c> goes</c><00:20:33.039><c> almost</c>

00:20:33.350 --> 00:20:33.360 align:start position:0%
where the head of the snake goes almost
 

00:20:33.360 --> 00:20:33.990 align:start position:0%
where the head of the snake goes almost
as<00:20:33.520><c> if</c><00:20:33.600><c> it's</c><00:20:33.760><c> a</c>

00:20:33.990 --> 00:20:34.000 align:start position:0%
as if it's a
 

00:20:34.000 --> 00:20:36.950 align:start position:0%
as if it's a
ball<00:20:34.480><c> floating</c><00:20:34.960><c> in</c><00:20:35.120><c> space</c><00:20:36.080><c> you</c><00:20:36.480><c> tell</c><00:20:36.720><c> it</c><00:20:36.799><c> where</c>

00:20:36.950 --> 00:20:36.960 align:start position:0%
ball floating in space you tell it where
 

00:20:36.960 --> 00:20:38.390 align:start position:0%
ball floating in space you tell it where
to<00:20:37.039><c> go</c><00:20:37.200><c> and</c><00:20:37.360><c> it's</c><00:20:37.520><c> going</c><00:20:37.600><c> to</c><00:20:37.760><c> go</c>

00:20:38.390 --> 00:20:38.400 align:start position:0%
to go and it's going to go
 

00:20:38.400 --> 00:20:40.470 align:start position:0%
to go and it's going to go
the<00:20:38.640><c> rest</c><00:20:38.880><c> of</c><00:20:38.960><c> the</c><00:20:39.120><c> snake</c><00:20:39.440><c> robot</c><00:20:40.159><c> is</c><00:20:40.320><c> what</c>

00:20:40.470 --> 00:20:40.480 align:start position:0%
the rest of the snake robot is what
 

00:20:40.480 --> 00:20:41.990 align:start position:0%
the rest of the snake robot is what
supports<00:20:40.960><c> that</c><00:20:41.200><c> ball</c>

00:20:41.990 --> 00:20:42.000 align:start position:0%
supports that ball
 

00:20:42.000 --> 00:20:44.470 align:start position:0%
supports that ball
so<00:20:42.159><c> it's</c><00:20:42.320><c> a</c><00:20:42.559><c> follow</c><00:20:42.960><c> the</c><00:20:43.120><c> lever</c><00:20:43.520><c> mechanism</c><00:20:44.159><c> you</c>

00:20:44.470 --> 00:20:44.480 align:start position:0%
so it's a follow the lever mechanism you
 

00:20:44.480 --> 00:20:46.070 align:start position:0%
so it's a follow the lever mechanism you
aim<00:20:44.799><c> where</c><00:20:45.039><c> that</c><00:20:45.280><c> where</c><00:20:45.520><c> the</c><00:20:45.760><c> tip</c><00:20:45.919><c> of</c><00:20:46.000><c> the</c>

00:20:46.070 --> 00:20:46.080 align:start position:0%
aim where that where the tip of the
 

00:20:46.080 --> 00:20:47.029 align:start position:0%
aim where that where the tip of the
snake<00:20:46.400><c> goes</c>

00:20:47.029 --> 00:20:47.039 align:start position:0%
snake goes
 

00:20:47.039 --> 00:20:48.470 align:start position:0%
snake goes
it<00:20:47.200><c> goes</c><00:20:47.600><c> and</c><00:20:47.679><c> the</c><00:20:47.760><c> rest</c><00:20:48.000><c> of</c><00:20:48.080><c> the</c><00:20:48.159><c> snake</c>

00:20:48.470 --> 00:20:48.480 align:start position:0%
it goes and the rest of the snake
 

00:20:48.480 --> 00:20:51.510 align:start position:0%
it goes and the rest of the snake
follows

00:20:51.510 --> 00:20:51.520 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:20:51.520 --> 00:20:53.909 align:start position:0%
 
um<00:20:52.480><c> so</c><00:20:52.640><c> tell</c><00:20:52.799><c> me</c><00:20:52.880><c> a</c><00:20:52.960><c> bit</c><00:20:53.120><c> about</c><00:20:53.280><c> your</c><00:20:53.440><c> work</c><00:20:53.679><c> on</c>

00:20:53.909 --> 00:20:53.919 align:start position:0%
um so tell me a bit about your work on
 

00:20:53.919 --> 00:20:57.190 align:start position:0%
um so tell me a bit about your work on
multi-agent<00:20:54.640><c> systems</c>

00:20:57.190 --> 00:20:57.200 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:20:57.200 --> 00:21:00.549 align:start position:0%
 
so<00:21:00.000><c> snake</c>

00:21:00.549 --> 00:21:00.559 align:start position:0%
so snake
 

00:21:00.559 --> 00:21:03.990 align:start position:0%
so snake
robots<00:21:01.200><c> have</c><00:21:01.520><c> many</c><00:21:01.520><c> many</c><00:21:02.240><c> degrees</c><00:21:02.640><c> of</c><00:21:02.799><c> freedom</c>

00:21:03.990 --> 00:21:04.000 align:start position:0%
robots have many many degrees of freedom
 

00:21:04.000 --> 00:21:06.230 align:start position:0%
robots have many many degrees of freedom
in<00:21:04.240><c> the</c><00:21:04.400><c> parlance</c><00:21:05.039><c> of</c><00:21:05.200><c> motion</c><00:21:05.600><c> planning</c><00:21:06.080><c> that</c>

00:21:06.230 --> 00:21:06.240 align:start position:0%
in the parlance of motion planning that
 

00:21:06.240 --> 00:21:07.750 align:start position:0%
in the parlance of motion planning that
means<00:21:06.480><c> they</c><00:21:06.640><c> live</c><00:21:06.799><c> in</c><00:21:06.960><c> high</c><00:21:07.200><c> dimensional</c>

00:21:07.750 --> 00:21:07.760 align:start position:0%
means they live in high dimensional
 

00:21:07.760 --> 00:21:10.789 align:start position:0%
means they live in high dimensional
configuration<00:21:08.559><c> spaces</c>

00:21:10.789 --> 00:21:10.799 align:start position:0%
configuration spaces
 

00:21:10.799 --> 00:21:12.710 align:start position:0%
configuration spaces
we're<00:21:11.120><c> interested</c><00:21:11.600><c> in</c><00:21:11.760><c> other</c><00:21:12.000><c> systems</c><00:21:12.480><c> that</c>

00:21:12.710 --> 00:21:12.720 align:start position:0%
we're interested in other systems that
 

00:21:12.720 --> 00:21:14.870 align:start position:0%
we're interested in other systems that
have<00:21:13.120><c> many</c><00:21:13.440><c> many</c><00:21:13.760><c> degrees</c><00:21:14.159><c> of</c><00:21:14.240><c> freedom</c>

00:21:14.870 --> 00:21:14.880 align:start position:0%
have many many degrees of freedom
 

00:21:14.880 --> 00:21:16.549 align:start position:0%
have many many degrees of freedom
so<00:21:15.039><c> one</c><00:21:15.280><c> such</c><00:21:15.600><c> system</c><00:21:16.080><c> would</c><00:21:16.240><c> be</c><00:21:16.400><c> a</c>

00:21:16.549 --> 00:21:16.559 align:start position:0%
so one such system would be a
 

00:21:16.559 --> 00:21:18.950 align:start position:0%
so one such system would be a
multi-agent

00:21:18.950 --> 00:21:18.960 align:start position:0%
multi-agent
 

00:21:18.960 --> 00:21:21.590 align:start position:0%
multi-agent
system<00:21:19.440><c> something</c><00:21:20.159><c> where</c><00:21:20.320><c> you</c><00:21:20.480><c> have</c><00:21:20.960><c> say</c><00:21:21.120><c> 100</c>

00:21:21.590 --> 00:21:21.600 align:start position:0%
system something where you have say 100
 

00:21:21.600 --> 00:21:22.310 align:start position:0%
system something where you have say 100
robots

00:21:22.310 --> 00:21:22.320 align:start position:0%
robots
 

00:21:22.320 --> 00:21:24.549 align:start position:0%
robots
each<00:21:22.559><c> of</c><00:21:22.640><c> which</c><00:21:22.880><c> have</c><00:21:23.039><c> to</c><00:21:23.120><c> go</c><00:21:23.360><c> from</c><00:21:23.840><c> a</c><00:21:24.240><c> current</c>

00:21:24.549 --> 00:21:24.559 align:start position:0%
each of which have to go from a current
 

00:21:24.559 --> 00:21:26.870 align:start position:0%
each of which have to go from a current
location<00:21:24.960><c> to</c><00:21:25.120><c> some</c><00:21:25.440><c> goal</c><00:21:25.760><c> location</c>

00:21:26.870 --> 00:21:26.880 align:start position:0%
location to some goal location
 

00:21:26.880 --> 00:21:28.390 align:start position:0%
location to some goal location
and<00:21:27.039><c> what</c><00:21:27.200><c> we</c><00:21:27.360><c> want</c><00:21:27.520><c> to</c><00:21:27.679><c> do</c><00:21:27.840><c> is</c><00:21:27.919><c> we</c><00:21:28.080><c> want</c><00:21:28.240><c> to</c>

00:21:28.390 --> 00:21:28.400 align:start position:0%
and what we want to do is we want to
 

00:21:28.400 --> 00:21:29.990 align:start position:0%
and what we want to do is we want to
find<00:21:29.440><c> optimal</c>

00:21:29.990 --> 00:21:30.000 align:start position:0%
find optimal
 

00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:33.190 align:start position:0%
find optimal
paths<00:21:30.960><c> but</c><00:21:31.200><c> do</c><00:21:31.440><c> that</c><00:21:32.080><c> in</c><00:21:32.320><c> a</c><00:21:32.480><c> short</c><00:21:32.720><c> amount</c><00:21:33.039><c> of</c>

00:21:33.190 --> 00:21:33.200 align:start position:0%
paths but do that in a short amount of
 

00:21:33.200 --> 00:21:34.149 align:start position:0%
paths but do that in a short amount of
time

00:21:34.149 --> 00:21:34.159 align:start position:0%
time
 

00:21:34.159 --> 00:21:36.870 align:start position:0%
time
right<00:21:34.480><c> now</c><00:21:34.720><c> with</c><00:21:34.880><c> multi-agent</c><00:21:35.600><c> systems</c><00:21:36.720><c> there</c>

00:21:36.870 --> 00:21:36.880 align:start position:0%
right now with multi-agent systems there
 

00:21:36.880 --> 00:21:37.750 align:start position:0%
right now with multi-agent systems there
are<00:21:37.039><c> pretty</c><00:21:37.280><c> much</c>

00:21:37.750 --> 00:21:37.760 align:start position:0%
are pretty much
 

00:21:37.760 --> 00:21:40.390 align:start position:0%
are pretty much
two<00:21:38.159><c> extremes</c><00:21:38.720><c> on</c><00:21:38.880><c> a</c><00:21:38.960><c> spectrum</c><00:21:40.080><c> you</c><00:21:40.240><c> can</c>

00:21:40.390 --> 00:21:40.400 align:start position:0%
two extremes on a spectrum you can
 

00:21:40.400 --> 00:21:41.590 align:start position:0%
two extremes on a spectrum you can
either<00:21:40.720><c> plan</c><00:21:41.039><c> a</c>

00:21:41.590 --> 00:21:41.600 align:start position:0%
either plan a
 

00:21:41.600 --> 00:21:43.750 align:start position:0%
either plan a
in<00:21:41.760><c> a</c><00:21:41.840><c> coordinated</c><00:21:42.480><c> space</c><00:21:43.200><c> in</c><00:21:43.280><c> other</c><00:21:43.440><c> words</c><00:21:43.679><c> in</c>

00:21:43.750 --> 00:21:43.760 align:start position:0%
in a coordinated space in other words in
 

00:21:43.760 --> 00:21:46.230 align:start position:0%
in a coordinated space in other words in
this<00:21:43.919><c> multi-dimensional</c><00:21:44.799><c> search</c><00:21:45.120><c> space</c>

00:21:46.230 --> 00:21:46.240 align:start position:0%
this multi-dimensional search space
 

00:21:46.240 --> 00:21:47.669 align:start position:0%
this multi-dimensional search space
which<00:21:46.480><c> becomes</c><00:21:46.880><c> computationally</c>

00:21:47.669 --> 00:21:47.679 align:start position:0%
which becomes computationally
 

00:21:47.679 --> 00:21:50.070 align:start position:0%
which becomes computationally
intractable<00:21:49.120><c> shortly</c><00:21:49.600><c> after</c>

00:21:50.070 --> 00:21:50.080 align:start position:0%
intractable shortly after
 

00:21:50.080 --> 00:21:54.230 align:start position:0%
intractable shortly after
seven<00:21:50.480><c> or</c><00:21:50.640><c> eight</c><00:21:50.880><c> robots</c><00:21:52.159><c> or</c><00:21:53.039><c> you</c><00:21:53.360><c> can</c>

00:21:54.230 --> 00:21:54.240 align:start position:0%
seven or eight robots or you can
 

00:21:54.240 --> 00:21:56.310 align:start position:0%
seven or eight robots or you can
have<00:21:54.480><c> every</c><00:21:54.720><c> robot</c><00:21:55.120><c> plan</c><00:21:55.360><c> a</c><00:21:55.440><c> path</c><00:21:55.679><c> for</c><00:21:55.840><c> itself</c>

00:21:56.310 --> 00:21:56.320 align:start position:0%
have every robot plan a path for itself
 

00:21:56.320 --> 00:21:57.590 align:start position:0%
have every robot plan a path for itself
and<00:21:56.400><c> when</c><00:21:56.559><c> robots</c><00:21:56.960><c> start</c><00:21:57.200><c> to</c><00:21:57.280><c> come</c><00:21:57.440><c> into</c>

00:21:57.590 --> 00:21:57.600 align:start position:0%
and when robots start to come into
 

00:21:57.600 --> 00:21:58.390 align:start position:0%
and when robots start to come into
collision

00:21:58.390 --> 00:21:58.400 align:start position:0%
collision
 

00:21:58.400 --> 00:22:00.390 align:start position:0%
collision
you<00:21:58.559><c> create</c><00:21:58.960><c> traffic</c><00:21:59.360><c> control</c><00:21:59.840><c> laws</c><00:22:00.080><c> that</c><00:22:00.240><c> get</c>

00:22:00.390 --> 00:22:00.400 align:start position:0%
you create traffic control laws that get
 

00:22:00.400 --> 00:22:02.630 align:start position:0%
you create traffic control laws that get
them<00:22:00.559><c> to</c><00:22:00.640><c> avoid</c><00:22:01.360><c> avoid</c><00:22:01.679><c> each</c><00:22:01.919><c> other</c>

00:22:02.630 --> 00:22:02.640 align:start position:0%
them to avoid avoid each other
 

00:22:02.640 --> 00:22:05.669 align:start position:0%
them to avoid avoid each other
that's<00:22:03.039><c> nice</c><00:22:03.760><c> except</c><00:22:04.480><c> one</c><00:22:05.280><c> you're</c><00:22:05.440><c> not</c>

00:22:05.669 --> 00:22:05.679 align:start position:0%
that's nice except one you're not
 

00:22:05.679 --> 00:22:07.590 align:start position:0%
that's nice except one you're not
guaranteed<00:22:06.400><c> or</c><00:22:06.480><c> you</c><00:22:06.640><c> probably</c><00:22:07.039><c> won't</c><00:22:07.280><c> get</c><00:22:07.440><c> an</c>

00:22:07.590 --> 00:22:07.600 align:start position:0%
guaranteed or you probably won't get an
 

00:22:07.600 --> 00:22:08.789 align:start position:0%
guaranteed or you probably won't get an
optimal<00:22:08.000><c> solution</c>

00:22:08.789 --> 00:22:08.799 align:start position:0%
optimal solution
 

00:22:08.799 --> 00:22:10.710 align:start position:0%
optimal solution
but<00:22:09.039><c> even</c><00:22:09.280><c> worse</c><00:22:09.600><c> you</c><00:22:09.760><c> may</c><00:22:10.000><c> find</c><00:22:10.240><c> yourself</c><00:22:10.640><c> in</c>

00:22:10.710 --> 00:22:10.720 align:start position:0%
but even worse you may find yourself in
 

00:22:10.720 --> 00:22:12.310 align:start position:0%
but even worse you may find yourself in
a<00:22:10.799><c> situation</c><00:22:11.280><c> called</c><00:22:11.600><c> deadlock</c>

00:22:12.310 --> 00:22:12.320 align:start position:0%
a situation called deadlock
 

00:22:12.320 --> 00:22:14.149 align:start position:0%
a situation called deadlock
where<00:22:12.960><c> this</c><00:22:13.200><c> robot's</c><00:22:13.600><c> waiting</c><00:22:13.840><c> for</c><00:22:14.000><c> that</c>

00:22:14.149 --> 00:22:14.159 align:start position:0%
where this robot's waiting for that
 

00:22:14.159 --> 00:22:15.830 align:start position:0%
where this robot's waiting for that
robot<00:22:14.559><c> who's</c><00:22:14.720><c> waiting</c><00:22:14.960><c> for</c><00:22:15.120><c> that</c><00:22:15.280><c> robot</c>

00:22:15.830 --> 00:22:15.840 align:start position:0%
robot who's waiting for that robot
 

00:22:15.840 --> 00:22:18.149 align:start position:0%
robot who's waiting for that robot
coming<00:22:16.080><c> all</c><00:22:16.159><c> the</c><00:22:16.240><c> way</c><00:22:16.480><c> around</c><00:22:16.799><c> the</c><00:22:16.960><c> cycle</c><00:22:17.840><c> uh</c>

00:22:18.149 --> 00:22:18.159 align:start position:0%
coming all the way around the cycle uh
 

00:22:18.159 --> 00:22:19.270 align:start position:0%
coming all the way around the cycle uh
everybody's<00:22:18.559><c> waiting</c><00:22:18.720><c> for</c><00:22:18.880><c> everybody</c><00:22:19.200><c> else</c>

00:22:19.270 --> 00:22:19.280 align:start position:0%
everybody's waiting for everybody else
 

00:22:19.280 --> 00:22:20.310 align:start position:0%
everybody's waiting for everybody else
to<00:22:19.440><c> make</c><00:22:19.520><c> a</c><00:22:19.600><c> move</c><00:22:19.840><c> and</c><00:22:19.919><c> no</c><00:22:20.080><c> one's</c><00:22:20.240><c> going</c><00:22:20.240><c> to</c>

00:22:20.310 --> 00:22:20.320 align:start position:0%
to make a move and no one's going to
 

00:22:20.320 --> 00:22:21.510 align:start position:0%
to make a move and no one's going to
make<00:22:20.480><c> the</c><00:22:20.559><c> move</c><00:22:20.720><c> because</c><00:22:20.960><c> they're</c><00:22:21.120><c> constantly</c>

00:22:21.510 --> 00:22:21.520 align:start position:0%
make the move because they're constantly
 

00:22:21.520 --> 00:22:22.070 align:start position:0%
make the move because they're constantly
waiting<00:22:21.840><c> it's</c>

00:22:22.070 --> 00:22:22.080 align:start position:0%
waiting it's
 

00:22:22.080 --> 00:22:25.110 align:start position:0%
waiting it's
deadlock<00:22:22.559><c> everyone's</c><00:22:22.880><c> deadlocked</c><00:22:24.159><c> so</c>

00:22:25.110 --> 00:22:25.120 align:start position:0%
deadlock everyone's deadlocked so
 

00:22:25.120 --> 00:22:27.669 align:start position:0%
deadlock everyone's deadlocked so
there's<00:22:25.360><c> this</c><00:22:25.600><c> sort</c><00:22:25.840><c> of</c><00:22:27.039><c> unbreakable</c>

00:22:27.669 --> 00:22:27.679 align:start position:0%
there's this sort of unbreakable
 

00:22:27.679 --> 00:22:28.549 align:start position:0%
there's this sort of unbreakable
trade-off

00:22:28.549 --> 00:22:28.559 align:start position:0%
trade-off
 

00:22:28.559 --> 00:22:31.830 align:start position:0%
trade-off
what<00:22:28.720><c> we</c><00:22:28.880><c> were</c><00:22:29.120><c> able</c><00:22:29.360><c> to</c><00:22:29.600><c> do</c><00:22:30.480><c> was</c><00:22:30.880><c> find</c><00:22:31.520><c> uh</c>

00:22:31.830 --> 00:22:31.840 align:start position:0%
what we were able to do was find uh
 

00:22:31.840 --> 00:22:33.909 align:start position:0%
what we were able to do was find uh
something<00:22:32.159><c> in</c><00:22:32.320><c> the</c><00:22:32.400><c> middle</c><00:22:33.200><c> and</c><00:22:33.360><c> the</c><00:22:33.520><c> way</c><00:22:33.679><c> this</c>

00:22:33.909 --> 00:22:33.919 align:start position:0%
something in the middle and the way this
 

00:22:33.919 --> 00:22:36.230 align:start position:0%
something in the middle and the way this
works<00:22:34.240><c> is</c><00:22:34.720><c> we</c><00:22:34.880><c> have</c><00:22:35.039><c> every</c><00:22:35.280><c> robot</c><00:22:35.679><c> planned</c><00:22:36.000><c> for</c>

00:22:36.230 --> 00:22:36.240 align:start position:0%
works is we have every robot planned for
 

00:22:36.240 --> 00:22:36.950 align:start position:0%
works is we have every robot planned for
itself

00:22:36.950 --> 00:22:36.960 align:start position:0%
itself
 

00:22:36.960 --> 00:22:39.270 align:start position:0%
itself
so<00:22:37.120><c> every</c><00:22:37.360><c> robot</c><00:22:37.679><c> plans</c><00:22:38.000><c> its</c><00:22:38.159><c> own</c><00:22:38.400><c> path</c><00:22:39.039><c> but</c>

00:22:39.270 --> 00:22:39.280 align:start position:0%
so every robot plans its own path but
 

00:22:39.280 --> 00:22:40.310 align:start position:0%
so every robot plans its own path but
only<00:22:39.520><c> when</c><00:22:39.679><c> they</c><00:22:39.919><c> come</c>

00:22:40.310 --> 00:22:40.320 align:start position:0%
only when they come
 

00:22:40.320 --> 00:22:42.310 align:start position:0%
only when they come
in<00:22:40.640><c> within</c><00:22:40.960><c> proximity</c><00:22:41.520><c> of</c><00:22:41.600><c> each</c><00:22:41.840><c> other</c><00:22:42.080><c> and</c>

00:22:42.310 --> 00:22:42.320 align:start position:0%
in within proximity of each other and
 

00:22:42.320 --> 00:22:43.510 align:start position:0%
in within proximity of each other and
only<00:22:42.559><c> the</c><00:22:42.640><c> robots</c><00:22:43.039><c> that</c><00:22:43.120><c> come</c><00:22:43.280><c> within</c>

00:22:43.510 --> 00:22:43.520 align:start position:0%
only the robots that come within
 

00:22:43.520 --> 00:22:44.870 align:start position:0%
only the robots that come within
proximity<00:22:44.000><c> of</c><00:22:44.159><c> each</c><00:22:44.320><c> other</c>

00:22:44.870 --> 00:22:44.880 align:start position:0%
proximity of each other
 

00:22:44.880 --> 00:22:47.430 align:start position:0%
proximity of each other
we<00:22:45.120><c> locally</c><00:22:45.600><c> expand</c><00:22:46.159><c> their</c><00:22:46.480><c> search</c><00:22:46.720><c> spaces</c><00:22:47.280><c> to</c>

00:22:47.430 --> 00:22:47.440 align:start position:0%
we locally expand their search spaces to
 

00:22:47.440 --> 00:22:48.390 align:start position:0%
we locally expand their search spaces to
account<00:22:47.919><c> for</c>

00:22:48.390 --> 00:22:48.400 align:start position:0%
account for
 

00:22:48.400 --> 00:22:50.149 align:start position:0%
account for
the<00:22:48.559><c> two</c><00:22:48.799><c> or</c><00:22:48.960><c> three</c><00:22:49.120><c> robots</c><00:22:49.520><c> that</c><00:22:49.679><c> are</c><00:22:49.840><c> in</c>

00:22:50.149 --> 00:22:50.159 align:start position:0%
the two or three robots that are in
 

00:22:50.159 --> 00:22:52.149 align:start position:0%
the two or three robots that are in
contact<00:22:50.559><c> with</c><00:22:51.039><c> each</c><00:22:51.280><c> other</c>

00:22:52.149 --> 00:22:52.159 align:start position:0%
contact with each other
 

00:22:52.159 --> 00:22:53.909 align:start position:0%
contact with each other
worst<00:22:52.480><c> case</c><00:22:52.720><c> scenario</c><00:22:53.360><c> you</c><00:22:53.520><c> get</c><00:22:53.600><c> to</c><00:22:53.760><c> a</c>

00:22:53.909 --> 00:22:53.919 align:start position:0%
worst case scenario you get to a
 

00:22:53.919 --> 00:22:55.510 align:start position:0%
worst case scenario you get to a
bottleneck<00:22:54.400><c> where</c><00:22:54.640><c> everyone</c><00:22:54.960><c> piles</c><00:22:55.280><c> into</c><00:22:55.440><c> the</c>

00:22:55.510 --> 00:22:55.520 align:start position:0%
bottleneck where everyone piles into the
 

00:22:55.520 --> 00:22:56.710 align:start position:0%
bottleneck where everyone piles into the
same<00:22:55.760><c> bottleneck</c>

00:22:56.710 --> 00:22:56.720 align:start position:0%
same bottleneck
 

00:22:56.720 --> 00:22:58.630 align:start position:0%
same bottleneck
however<00:22:57.200><c> on</c><00:22:57.520><c> average</c><00:22:57.919><c> we</c><00:22:58.080><c> were</c><00:22:58.320><c> able</c><00:22:58.480><c> to</c>

00:22:58.630 --> 00:22:58.640 align:start position:0%
however on average we were able to
 

00:22:58.640 --> 00:23:01.029 align:start position:0%
however on average we were able to
demonstrate<00:22:59.679><c> that</c><00:22:59.840><c> you</c><00:23:00.080><c> get</c>

00:23:01.029 --> 00:23:01.039 align:start position:0%
demonstrate that you get
 

00:23:01.039 --> 00:23:03.669 align:start position:0%
demonstrate that you get
computationally<00:23:01.919><c> tractable</c><00:23:02.480><c> solutions</c><00:23:03.440><c> and</c>

00:23:03.669 --> 00:23:03.679 align:start position:0%
computationally tractable solutions and
 

00:23:03.679 --> 00:23:04.230 align:start position:0%
computationally tractable solutions and
again

00:23:04.230 --> 00:23:04.240 align:start position:0%
again
 

00:23:04.240 --> 00:23:06.149 align:start position:0%
again
using<00:23:04.480><c> the</c><00:23:04.559><c> words</c><00:23:04.799><c> from</c><00:23:04.960><c> motion</c><00:23:05.280><c> planning</c><00:23:05.919><c> we</c>

00:23:06.149 --> 00:23:06.159 align:start position:0%
using the words from motion planning we
 

00:23:06.159 --> 00:23:07.990 align:start position:0%
using the words from motion planning we
get<00:23:06.559><c> slower</c><00:23:07.120><c> than</c><00:23:07.360><c> exponential</c>

00:23:07.990 --> 00:23:08.000 align:start position:0%
get slower than exponential
 

00:23:08.000 --> 00:23:11.190 align:start position:0%
get slower than exponential
growth<00:23:08.640><c> in</c><00:23:08.720><c> the</c><00:23:08.799><c> number</c><00:23:09.039><c> of</c><00:23:09.200><c> robots</c><00:23:10.799><c> have</c><00:23:11.120><c> you</c>

00:23:11.190 --> 00:23:11.200 align:start position:0%
growth in the number of robots have you
 

00:23:11.200 --> 00:23:12.950 align:start position:0%
growth in the number of robots have you
been<00:23:11.360><c> able</c><00:23:11.520><c> to</c><00:23:11.600><c> reapply</c><00:23:12.080><c> that</c><00:23:12.320><c> to</c><00:23:12.480><c> the</c><00:23:12.640><c> snake</c>

00:23:12.950 --> 00:23:12.960 align:start position:0%
been able to reapply that to the snake
 

00:23:12.960 --> 00:23:15.110 align:start position:0%
been able to reapply that to the snake
robots

00:23:15.110 --> 00:23:15.120 align:start position:0%
robots
 

00:23:15.120 --> 00:23:18.310 align:start position:0%
robots
we<00:23:15.280><c> have</c><00:23:15.520><c> not</c><00:23:15.679><c> been</c><00:23:15.919><c> able</c><00:23:16.799><c> to</c><00:23:17.200><c> reapply</c>

00:23:18.310 --> 00:23:18.320 align:start position:0%
we have not been able to reapply
 

00:23:18.320 --> 00:23:21.990 align:start position:0%
we have not been able to reapply
that<00:23:18.720><c> algorithm</c><00:23:19.600><c> directly</c><00:23:20.720><c> to</c><00:23:21.039><c> snake</c><00:23:21.600><c> robots</c>

00:23:21.990 --> 00:23:22.000 align:start position:0%
that algorithm directly to snake robots
 

00:23:22.000 --> 00:23:23.990 align:start position:0%
that algorithm directly to snake robots
to<00:23:22.080><c> make</c><00:23:22.240><c> snake</c><00:23:22.480><c> robots</c><00:23:22.880><c> find</c><00:23:23.200><c> paths</c>

00:23:23.990 --> 00:23:24.000 align:start position:0%
to make snake robots find paths
 

00:23:24.000 --> 00:23:26.070 align:start position:0%
to make snake robots find paths
more<00:23:24.240><c> easily</c><00:23:24.640><c> for</c><00:23:24.799><c> each</c><00:23:24.960><c> other</c><00:23:25.440><c> but</c><00:23:25.600><c> what</c><00:23:25.760><c> we</c>

00:23:26.070 --> 00:23:26.080 align:start position:0%
more easily for each other but what we
 

00:23:26.080 --> 00:23:27.430 align:start position:0%
more easily for each other but what we
have<00:23:26.400><c> been</c><00:23:26.559><c> able</c><00:23:26.799><c> to</c><00:23:26.960><c> do</c>

00:23:27.430 --> 00:23:27.440 align:start position:0%
have been able to do
 

00:23:27.440 --> 00:23:30.789 align:start position:0%
have been able to do
was<00:23:27.679><c> apply</c><00:23:28.000><c> that</c><00:23:28.320><c> algorithm</c><00:23:29.360><c> to</c><00:23:30.240><c> a</c><00:23:30.480><c> group</c><00:23:30.720><c> of</c>

00:23:30.789 --> 00:23:30.799 align:start position:0%
was apply that algorithm to a group of
 

00:23:30.799 --> 00:23:32.470 align:start position:0%
was apply that algorithm to a group of
snake<00:23:31.120><c> robots</c><00:23:31.520><c> if</c><00:23:31.679><c> we</c><00:23:31.760><c> want</c><00:23:31.840><c> a</c><00:23:31.919><c> group</c><00:23:32.080><c> of</c><00:23:32.240><c> snake</c>

00:23:32.470 --> 00:23:32.480 align:start position:0%
snake robots if we want a group of snake
 

00:23:32.480 --> 00:23:33.750 align:start position:0%
snake robots if we want a group of snake
robots<00:23:32.960><c> to</c><00:23:33.120><c> find</c>

00:23:33.750 --> 00:23:33.760 align:start position:0%
robots to find
 

00:23:33.760 --> 00:23:37.270 align:start position:0%
robots to find
uh<00:23:34.320><c> paths</c><00:23:34.960><c> uh</c><00:23:35.440><c> in</c><00:23:36.080><c> in</c><00:23:36.240><c> some</c><00:23:36.400><c> location</c><00:23:36.880><c> from</c><00:23:37.039><c> one</c>

00:23:37.270 --> 00:23:37.280 align:start position:0%
uh paths uh in in some location from one
 

00:23:37.280 --> 00:23:39.190 align:start position:0%
uh paths uh in in some location from one
place<00:23:37.520><c> to</c><00:23:37.679><c> another</c>

00:23:39.190 --> 00:23:39.200 align:start position:0%
place to another
 

00:23:39.200 --> 00:23:40.870 align:start position:0%
place to another
and<00:23:39.360><c> have</c><00:23:39.520><c> you</c><00:23:39.679><c> been</c><00:23:39.760><c> developing</c><00:23:40.400><c> other</c><00:23:40.640><c> kinds</c>

00:23:40.870 --> 00:23:40.880 align:start position:0%
and have you been developing other kinds
 

00:23:40.880 --> 00:23:43.110 align:start position:0%
and have you been developing other kinds
of<00:23:41.279><c> snake</c><00:23:41.520><c> robots</c><00:23:42.000><c> apart</c><00:23:42.320><c> from</c><00:23:42.480><c> the</c>

00:23:43.110 --> 00:23:43.120 align:start position:0%
of snake robots apart from the
 

00:23:43.120 --> 00:23:47.909 align:start position:0%
of snake robots apart from the
in<00:23:43.679><c> non-invasive</c><00:23:44.480><c> medical</c><00:23:45.440><c> design</c>

00:23:47.909 --> 00:23:47.919 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:23:47.919 --> 00:23:50.789 align:start position:0%
 
so<00:23:48.320><c> a</c><00:23:48.400><c> lot</c><00:23:48.559><c> of</c><00:23:48.640><c> times</c><00:23:48.960><c> people</c><00:23:49.440><c> ask</c><00:23:49.679><c> me</c><00:23:50.400><c> or</c><00:23:50.559><c> make</c>

00:23:50.789 --> 00:23:50.799 align:start position:0%
so a lot of times people ask me or make
 

00:23:50.799 --> 00:23:52.310 align:start position:0%
so a lot of times people ask me or make
the<00:23:50.880><c> comment</c><00:23:51.279><c> oh</c><00:23:51.440><c> it's</c><00:23:51.600><c> just</c><00:23:51.760><c> a</c><00:23:51.840><c> snake</c><00:23:52.000><c> robot</c>

00:23:52.310 --> 00:23:52.320 align:start position:0%
the comment oh it's just a snake robot
 

00:23:52.320 --> 00:23:53.909 align:start position:0%
the comment oh it's just a snake robot
it's<00:23:52.400><c> one</c><00:23:52.559><c> kind</c><00:23:52.720><c> of</c><00:23:52.799><c> snake</c><00:23:53.039><c> robots</c><00:23:53.520><c> but</c><00:23:53.600><c> no</c><00:23:53.760><c> no</c>

00:23:53.909 --> 00:23:53.919 align:start position:0%
it's one kind of snake robots but no no
 

00:23:53.919 --> 00:23:55.350 align:start position:0%
it's one kind of snake robots but no no
no<00:23:54.159><c> no</c>

00:23:55.350 --> 00:23:55.360 align:start position:0%
no no
 

00:23:55.360 --> 00:23:58.070 align:start position:0%
no no
eskimos<00:23:56.000><c> have</c><00:23:56.159><c> 28</c><00:23:56.559><c> words</c><00:23:56.880><c> for</c><00:23:57.120><c> snow</c><00:23:57.760><c> whereas</c>

00:23:58.070 --> 00:23:58.080 align:start position:0%
eskimos have 28 words for snow whereas
 

00:23:58.080 --> 00:23:58.470 align:start position:0%
eskimos have 28 words for snow whereas
to<00:23:58.240><c> us</c>

00:23:58.470 --> 00:23:58.480 align:start position:0%
to us
 

00:23:58.480 --> 00:24:00.789 align:start position:0%
to us
it's<00:23:58.640><c> like</c><00:23:58.880><c> snow</c><00:23:59.200><c> and</c><00:23:59.360><c> slush</c><00:24:00.320><c> and</c><00:24:00.480><c> the</c><00:24:00.640><c> same</c>

00:24:00.789 --> 00:24:00.799 align:start position:0%
it's like snow and slush and the same
 

00:24:00.799 --> 00:24:03.350 align:start position:0%
it's like snow and slush and the same
thing<00:24:01.039><c> is</c><00:24:01.200><c> true</c><00:24:01.520><c> of</c><00:24:01.600><c> the</c><00:24:01.760><c> snake</c><00:24:02.080><c> robots</c>

00:24:03.350 --> 00:24:03.360 align:start position:0%
thing is true of the snake robots
 

00:24:03.360 --> 00:24:05.430 align:start position:0%
thing is true of the snake robots
to<00:24:03.520><c> me</c><00:24:03.919><c> the</c><00:24:04.159><c> medical</c><00:24:04.559><c> snake</c><00:24:04.799><c> robot</c><00:24:05.200><c> which</c><00:24:05.360><c> is</c>

00:24:05.430 --> 00:24:05.440 align:start position:0%
to me the medical snake robot which is
 

00:24:05.440 --> 00:24:07.590 align:start position:0%
to me the medical snake robot which is
very<00:24:05.760><c> small</c><00:24:06.320><c> is</c><00:24:06.480><c> a</c><00:24:06.559><c> completely</c><00:24:07.200><c> different</c>

00:24:07.590 --> 00:24:07.600 align:start position:0%
very small is a completely different
 

00:24:07.600 --> 00:24:08.310 align:start position:0%
very small is a completely different
beast

00:24:08.310 --> 00:24:08.320 align:start position:0%
beast
 

00:24:08.320 --> 00:24:10.549 align:start position:0%
beast
than<00:24:08.640><c> say</c><00:24:08.880><c> the</c><00:24:09.120><c> snake</c><00:24:09.440><c> robot</c><00:24:09.919><c> we</c><00:24:10.080><c> have</c><00:24:10.320><c> for</c>

00:24:10.549 --> 00:24:10.559 align:start position:0%
than say the snake robot we have for
 

00:24:10.559 --> 00:24:12.710 align:start position:0%
than say the snake robot we have for
locomotion<00:24:11.279><c> the</c><00:24:11.360><c> locomoting</c><00:24:11.919><c> snake</c><00:24:12.159><c> robot</c><00:24:12.559><c> is</c>

00:24:12.710 --> 00:24:12.720 align:start position:0%
locomotion the locomoting snake robot is
 

00:24:12.720 --> 00:24:15.110 align:start position:0%
locomotion the locomoting snake robot is
used<00:24:12.960><c> for</c><00:24:13.200><c> urban</c><00:24:13.600><c> search</c><00:24:13.840><c> and</c><00:24:14.000><c> rescue</c>

00:24:15.110 --> 00:24:15.120 align:start position:0%
used for urban search and rescue
 

00:24:15.120 --> 00:24:17.190 align:start position:0%
used for urban search and rescue
most<00:24:15.360><c> recently</c><00:24:15.840><c> i've</c><00:24:15.919><c> been</c><00:24:16.080><c> using</c><00:24:16.480><c> the</c>

00:24:17.190 --> 00:24:17.200 align:start position:0%
most recently i've been using the
 

00:24:17.200 --> 00:24:18.470 align:start position:0%
most recently i've been using the
medical<00:24:17.679><c> excuse</c><00:24:18.080><c> me</c>

00:24:18.470 --> 00:24:18.480 align:start position:0%
medical excuse me
 

00:24:18.480 --> 00:24:19.830 align:start position:0%
medical excuse me
most<00:24:18.799><c> recently</c><00:24:19.200><c> i've</c><00:24:19.360><c> been</c><00:24:19.520><c> using</c><00:24:19.760><c> the</c>

00:24:19.830 --> 00:24:19.840 align:start position:0%
most recently i've been using the
 

00:24:19.840 --> 00:24:21.590 align:start position:0%
most recently i've been using the
locomoting<00:24:20.400><c> snake</c><00:24:20.720><c> robots</c>

00:24:21.590 --> 00:24:21.600 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robots
 

00:24:21.600 --> 00:24:24.390 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robots
for<00:24:21.919><c> archaeology</c><00:24:22.880><c> so</c><00:24:23.039><c> i've</c><00:24:23.200><c> been</c><00:24:23.360><c> to</c><00:24:23.600><c> egypt</c>

00:24:24.390 --> 00:24:24.400 align:start position:0%
for archaeology so i've been to egypt
 

00:24:24.400 --> 00:24:24.870 align:start position:0%
for archaeology so i've been to egypt
and

00:24:24.870 --> 00:24:24.880 align:start position:0%
and
 

00:24:24.880 --> 00:24:28.630 align:start position:0%
and
and<00:24:25.279><c> last</c><00:24:25.600><c> month</c><00:24:25.919><c> i</c><00:24:26.080><c> was</c><00:24:26.320><c> in</c><00:24:26.480><c> turkey</c>

00:24:28.630 --> 00:24:28.640 align:start position:0%
and last month i was in turkey
 

00:24:28.640 --> 00:24:30.390 align:start position:0%
and last month i was in turkey
the<00:24:28.880><c> challenges</c><00:24:29.279><c> for</c><00:24:29.440><c> archaeology</c><00:24:30.159><c> are</c><00:24:30.240><c> just</c>

00:24:30.390 --> 00:24:30.400 align:start position:0%
the challenges for archaeology are just
 

00:24:30.400 --> 00:24:32.470 align:start position:0%
the challenges for archaeology are just
like<00:24:30.640><c> search</c><00:24:30.880><c> and</c><00:24:30.960><c> rescue</c><00:24:31.600><c> except</c>

00:24:32.470 --> 00:24:32.480 align:start position:0%
like search and rescue except
 

00:24:32.480 --> 00:24:34.310 align:start position:0%
like search and rescue except
everyone's<00:24:32.880><c> been</c><00:24:33.039><c> dead</c><00:24:33.279><c> for</c><00:24:33.440><c> 5</c><00:24:33.760><c> 000</c><00:24:33.919><c> years</c><00:24:34.159><c> so</c>

00:24:34.310 --> 00:24:34.320 align:start position:0%
everyone's been dead for 5 000 years so
 

00:24:34.320 --> 00:24:35.909 align:start position:0%
everyone's been dead for 5 000 years so
there's<00:24:34.480><c> no</c><00:24:34.640><c> rush</c>

00:24:35.909 --> 00:24:35.919 align:start position:0%
there's no rush
 

00:24:35.919 --> 00:24:38.310 align:start position:0%
there's no rush
so<00:24:36.080><c> you</c><00:24:36.159><c> can</c><00:24:36.400><c> sit</c><00:24:36.640><c> and</c><00:24:36.720><c> take</c><00:24:36.960><c> it</c><00:24:37.039><c> easy</c><00:24:38.000><c> we've</c>

00:24:38.310 --> 00:24:38.320 align:start position:0%
so you can sit and take it easy we've
 

00:24:38.320 --> 00:24:39.029 align:start position:0%
so you can sit and take it easy we've
also

00:24:39.029 --> 00:24:39.039 align:start position:0%
also
 

00:24:39.039 --> 00:24:42.710 align:start position:0%
also
been<00:24:39.279><c> developing</c><00:24:39.840><c> locomoting</c><00:24:40.559><c> robots</c><00:24:41.600><c> for</c>

00:24:42.710 --> 00:24:42.720 align:start position:0%
been developing locomoting robots for
 

00:24:42.720 --> 00:24:45.830 align:start position:0%
been developing locomoting robots for
inspection<00:24:43.279><c> of</c><00:24:43.360><c> nuclear</c><00:24:44.080><c> reactors</c><00:24:45.360><c> so</c><00:24:45.679><c> a</c>

00:24:45.830 --> 00:24:45.840 align:start position:0%
inspection of nuclear reactors so a
 

00:24:45.840 --> 00:24:47.430 align:start position:0%
inspection of nuclear reactors so a
locomoting<00:24:46.480><c> snake</c><00:24:46.799><c> robot</c>

00:24:47.430 --> 00:24:47.440 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robot
 

00:24:47.440 --> 00:24:49.430 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robot
is<00:24:47.600><c> one</c><00:24:47.760><c> that</c><00:24:48.000><c> uses</c><00:24:48.320><c> its</c><00:24:48.559><c> internal</c><00:24:48.960><c> degrees</c><00:24:49.360><c> of</c>

00:24:49.430 --> 00:24:49.440 align:start position:0%
is one that uses its internal degrees of
 

00:24:49.440 --> 00:24:51.350 align:start position:0%
is one that uses its internal degrees of
freedom<00:24:49.919><c> in</c><00:24:50.080><c> order</c><00:24:50.400><c> to</c><00:24:50.480><c> propel</c><00:24:50.880><c> itself</c>

00:24:51.350 --> 00:24:51.360 align:start position:0%
freedom in order to propel itself
 

00:24:51.360 --> 00:24:51.990 align:start position:0%
freedom in order to propel itself
forward

00:24:51.990 --> 00:24:52.000 align:start position:0%
forward
 

00:24:52.000 --> 00:24:54.310 align:start position:0%
forward
it<00:24:52.240><c> locomotes</c><00:24:53.360><c> the</c><00:24:53.520><c> reason</c><00:24:53.840><c> why</c><00:24:54.080><c> you</c><00:24:54.240><c> would</c>

00:24:54.310 --> 00:24:54.320 align:start position:0%
it locomotes the reason why you would
 

00:24:54.320 --> 00:24:56.149 align:start position:0%
it locomotes the reason why you would
want<00:24:54.480><c> a</c><00:24:54.559><c> locomoting</c><00:24:55.039><c> snake</c><00:24:55.360><c> robot</c>

00:24:56.149 --> 00:24:56.159 align:start position:0%
want a locomoting snake robot
 

00:24:56.159 --> 00:24:58.549 align:start position:0%
want a locomoting snake robot
is<00:24:56.559><c> if</c><00:24:56.720><c> you</c><00:24:56.960><c> need</c><00:24:57.120><c> to</c><00:24:57.279><c> go</c><00:24:57.520><c> a</c><00:24:57.840><c> very</c><00:24:58.240><c> long</c>

00:24:58.549 --> 00:24:58.559 align:start position:0%
is if you need to go a very long
 

00:24:58.559 --> 00:24:59.190 align:start position:0%
is if you need to go a very long
distance

00:24:59.190 --> 00:24:59.200 align:start position:0%
distance
 

00:24:59.200 --> 00:25:01.430 align:start position:0%
distance
beyond<00:24:59.600><c> which</c><00:24:59.840><c> conventional</c><00:25:00.559><c> arm</c><00:25:00.960><c> even</c><00:25:01.200><c> it's</c>

00:25:01.430 --> 00:25:01.440 align:start position:0%
beyond which conventional arm even it's
 

00:25:01.440 --> 00:25:03.269 align:start position:0%
beyond which conventional arm even it's
a<00:25:01.520><c> fixed</c><00:25:01.760><c> base</c><00:25:02.000><c> snake</c><00:25:02.159><c> robot</c><00:25:02.559><c> can</c><00:25:02.799><c> otherwise</c>

00:25:03.269 --> 00:25:03.279 align:start position:0%
a fixed base snake robot can otherwise
 

00:25:03.279 --> 00:25:04.070 align:start position:0%
a fixed base snake robot can otherwise
reach

00:25:04.070 --> 00:25:04.080 align:start position:0%
reach
 

00:25:04.080 --> 00:25:05.830 align:start position:0%
reach
you<00:25:04.240><c> would</c><00:25:04.480><c> also</c><00:25:04.720><c> need</c><00:25:04.880><c> a</c><00:25:05.039><c> locomoting</c><00:25:05.520><c> snake</c>

00:25:05.830 --> 00:25:05.840 align:start position:0%
you would also need a locomoting snake
 

00:25:05.840 --> 00:25:07.430 align:start position:0%
you would also need a locomoting snake
robot<00:25:06.320><c> if</c><00:25:06.480><c> you</c><00:25:06.640><c> have</c>

00:25:07.430 --> 00:25:07.440 align:start position:0%
robot if you have
 

00:25:07.440 --> 00:25:09.510 align:start position:0%
robot if you have
all<00:25:07.600><c> sorts</c><00:25:07.919><c> of</c><00:25:08.080><c> mobility</c><00:25:08.720><c> challenges</c><00:25:09.279><c> just</c>

00:25:09.510 --> 00:25:09.520 align:start position:0%
all sorts of mobility challenges just
 

00:25:09.520 --> 00:25:11.190 align:start position:0%
all sorts of mobility challenges just
threading<00:25:09.919><c> through</c><00:25:10.159><c> tightly</c><00:25:10.559><c> packed</c><00:25:10.799><c> volumes</c>

00:25:11.190 --> 00:25:11.200 align:start position:0%
threading through tightly packed volumes
 

00:25:11.200 --> 00:25:12.549 align:start position:0%
threading through tightly packed volumes
and<00:25:11.279><c> getting</c><00:25:11.440><c> to</c><00:25:11.600><c> locations</c><00:25:12.080><c> that</c><00:25:12.240><c> people</c>

00:25:12.549 --> 00:25:12.559 align:start position:0%
and getting to locations that people
 

00:25:12.559 --> 00:25:14.870 align:start position:0%
and getting to locations that people
machinery<00:25:13.120><c> otherwise</c><00:25:13.520><c> can't</c><00:25:13.919><c> access</c>

00:25:14.870 --> 00:25:14.880 align:start position:0%
machinery otherwise can't access
 

00:25:14.880 --> 00:25:16.549 align:start position:0%
machinery otherwise can't access
that's<00:25:15.120><c> the</c><00:25:15.279><c> local</c><00:25:15.760><c> that's</c><00:25:16.000><c> the</c><00:25:16.080><c> locomoting</c>

00:25:16.549 --> 00:25:16.559 align:start position:0%
that's the local that's the locomoting
 

00:25:16.559 --> 00:25:19.029 align:start position:0%
that's the local that's the locomoting
snake<00:25:16.880><c> robots</c><00:25:17.760><c> so</c><00:25:17.919><c> we</c><00:25:18.000><c> have</c><00:25:18.159><c> the</c><00:25:18.320><c> small</c><00:25:18.720><c> snake</c>

00:25:19.029 --> 00:25:19.039 align:start position:0%
snake robots so we have the small snake
 

00:25:19.039 --> 00:25:19.669 align:start position:0%
snake robots so we have the small snake
robots

00:25:19.669 --> 00:25:19.679 align:start position:0%
robots
 

00:25:19.679 --> 00:25:21.269 align:start position:0%
robots
let's<00:25:19.840><c> say</c><00:25:20.000><c> we</c><00:25:20.159><c> have</c><00:25:20.240><c> the</c><00:25:20.320><c> medium</c><00:25:20.799><c> size</c>

00:25:21.269 --> 00:25:21.279 align:start position:0%
let's say we have the medium size
 

00:25:21.279 --> 00:25:22.870 align:start position:0%
let's say we have the medium size
locomoting<00:25:21.840><c> snake</c><00:25:22.159><c> robots</c>

00:25:22.870 --> 00:25:22.880 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robots
 

00:25:22.880 --> 00:25:25.510 align:start position:0%
locomoting snake robots
and<00:25:23.039><c> we</c><00:25:23.279><c> built</c><00:25:23.520><c> a</c><00:25:23.760><c> large</c><00:25:24.159><c> snake</c><00:25:24.559><c> robot</c><00:25:25.120><c> i</c><00:25:25.279><c> know</c>

00:25:25.510 --> 00:25:25.520 align:start position:0%
and we built a large snake robot i know
 

00:25:25.520 --> 00:25:27.510 align:start position:0%
and we built a large snake robot i know
small<00:25:25.919><c> medium</c><00:25:26.400><c> large</c>

00:25:27.510 --> 00:25:27.520 align:start position:0%
small medium large
 

00:25:27.520 --> 00:25:31.430 align:start position:0%
small medium large
for<00:25:27.919><c> manufacturing</c><00:25:28.799><c> and</c><00:25:28.880><c> confined</c><00:25:29.440><c> spaces</c>

00:25:31.430 --> 00:25:31.440 align:start position:0%
for manufacturing and confined spaces
 

00:25:31.440 --> 00:25:33.750 align:start position:0%
for manufacturing and confined spaces
so<00:25:31.600><c> tell</c><00:25:31.760><c> me</c><00:25:31.919><c> about</c><00:25:32.159><c> the</c><00:25:32.400><c> archaeological</c><00:25:33.440><c> work</c>

00:25:33.750 --> 00:25:33.760 align:start position:0%
so tell me about the archaeological work
 

00:25:33.760 --> 00:25:34.630 align:start position:0%
so tell me about the archaeological work
did<00:25:33.919><c> you</c>

00:25:34.630 --> 00:25:34.640 align:start position:0%
did you
 

00:25:34.640 --> 00:25:38.149 align:start position:0%
did you
go<00:25:34.880><c> explore</c><00:25:35.360><c> some</c><00:25:36.000><c> some</c><00:25:36.480><c> pyramids</c><00:25:37.120><c> or</c>

00:25:38.149 --> 00:25:38.159 align:start position:0%
go explore some some pyramids or
 

00:25:38.159 --> 00:25:41.669 align:start position:0%
go explore some some pyramids or
so<00:25:39.120><c> we've</c><00:25:39.600><c> only</c><00:25:39.760><c> gone</c><00:25:40.240><c> on</c><00:25:40.480><c> two</c><00:25:40.880><c> archaeological</c>

00:25:41.669 --> 00:25:41.679 align:start position:0%
so we've only gone on two archaeological
 

00:25:41.679 --> 00:25:41.990 align:start position:0%
so we've only gone on two archaeological
trips

00:25:41.990 --> 00:25:42.000 align:start position:0%
trips
 

00:25:42.000 --> 00:25:45.190 align:start position:0%
trips
the<00:25:42.159><c> first</c><00:25:42.400><c> one</c><00:25:42.559><c> was</c><00:25:42.720><c> in</c><00:25:42.960><c> egypt</c><00:25:43.600><c> in</c><00:25:43.840><c> egypt</c><00:25:44.720><c> we</c>

00:25:45.190 --> 00:25:45.200 align:start position:0%
the first one was in egypt in egypt we
 

00:25:45.200 --> 00:25:47.430 align:start position:0%
the first one was in egypt in egypt we
first<00:25:45.600><c> sent</c><00:25:45.840><c> our</c><00:25:46.080><c> snake</c><00:25:46.400><c> robots</c><00:25:46.880><c> into</c><00:25:47.120><c> these</c>

00:25:47.430 --> 00:25:47.440 align:start position:0%
first sent our snake robots into these
 

00:25:47.440 --> 00:25:48.549 align:start position:0%
first sent our snake robots into these
caves

00:25:48.549 --> 00:25:48.559 align:start position:0%
caves
 

00:25:48.559 --> 00:25:50.390 align:start position:0%
caves
off<00:25:48.720><c> the</c><00:25:48.880><c> coast</c><00:25:49.120><c> of</c><00:25:49.279><c> the</c><00:25:49.360><c> red</c><00:25:49.600><c> sea</c><00:25:49.840><c> these</c><00:25:50.080><c> caves</c>

00:25:50.390 --> 00:25:50.400 align:start position:0%
off the coast of the red sea these caves
 

00:25:50.400 --> 00:25:52.230 align:start position:0%
off the coast of the red sea these caves
were<00:25:50.480><c> very</c><00:25:50.720><c> small</c><00:25:51.520><c> and</c><00:25:51.600><c> they</c><00:25:51.760><c> were</c><00:25:51.919><c> built</c><00:25:52.080><c> by</c>

00:25:52.230 --> 00:25:52.240 align:start position:0%
were very small and they were built by
 

00:25:52.240 --> 00:25:53.990 align:start position:0%
were very small and they were built by
the<00:25:52.400><c> ancient</c><00:25:52.799><c> egyptians</c><00:25:53.360><c> the</c><00:25:53.520><c> ancient</c>

00:25:53.990 --> 00:25:54.000 align:start position:0%
the ancient egyptians the ancient
 

00:25:54.000 --> 00:25:54.950 align:start position:0%
the ancient egyptians the ancient
egyptians

00:25:54.950 --> 00:25:54.960 align:start position:0%
egyptians
 

00:25:54.960 --> 00:25:57.909 align:start position:0%
egyptians
they<00:25:55.200><c> used</c><00:25:55.440><c> to</c><00:25:55.919><c> carry</c><00:25:56.240><c> their</c><00:25:56.480><c> ships</c><00:25:57.440><c> from</c><00:25:57.760><c> the</c>

00:25:57.909 --> 00:25:57.919 align:start position:0%
they used to carry their ships from the
 

00:25:57.919 --> 00:25:58.630 align:start position:0%
they used to carry their ships from the
nile

00:25:58.630 --> 00:25:58.640 align:start position:0%
nile
 

00:25:58.640 --> 00:26:00.710 align:start position:0%
nile
to<00:25:59.039><c> the</c><00:25:59.279><c> red</c><00:25:59.520><c> sea</c><00:25:59.840><c> but</c><00:26:00.000><c> they</c><00:26:00.080><c> didn't</c><00:26:00.320><c> carry</c><00:26:00.559><c> the</c>

00:26:00.710 --> 00:26:00.720 align:start position:0%
to the red sea but they didn't carry the
 

00:26:00.720 --> 00:26:02.149 align:start position:0%
to the red sea but they didn't carry the
ships<00:26:01.039><c> in</c><00:26:01.440><c> in</c><00:26:01.520><c> their</c><00:26:01.840><c> full</c>

00:26:02.149 --> 00:26:02.159 align:start position:0%
ships in in their full
 

00:26:02.159 --> 00:26:05.110 align:start position:0%
ships in in their full
form<00:26:02.960><c> they</c><00:26:03.600><c> built</c><00:26:03.840><c> the</c><00:26:03.919><c> ships</c><00:26:04.240><c> out</c><00:26:04.320><c> of</c><00:26:04.480><c> modules</c>

00:26:05.110 --> 00:26:05.120 align:start position:0%
form they built the ships out of modules
 

00:26:05.120 --> 00:26:06.789 align:start position:0%
form they built the ships out of modules
nice<00:26:05.279><c> and</c><00:26:05.440><c> modular</c><00:26:05.760><c> so</c><00:26:05.919><c> they</c><00:26:06.159><c> carried</c><00:26:06.480><c> pieces</c>

00:26:06.789 --> 00:26:06.799 align:start position:0%
nice and modular so they carried pieces
 

00:26:06.799 --> 00:26:07.510 align:start position:0%
nice and modular so they carried pieces
of<00:26:06.880><c> their</c><00:26:06.960><c> ships</c>

00:26:07.510 --> 00:26:07.520 align:start position:0%
of their ships
 

00:26:07.520 --> 00:26:10.070 align:start position:0%
of their ships
they<00:26:07.679><c> then</c><00:26:07.919><c> assembled</c><00:26:08.320><c> the</c><00:26:08.480><c> ships</c><00:26:09.279><c> sailed</c><00:26:09.840><c> to</c>

00:26:10.070 --> 00:26:10.080 align:start position:0%
they then assembled the ships sailed to
 

00:26:10.080 --> 00:26:12.390 align:start position:0%
they then assembled the ships sailed to
probably<00:26:10.480><c> somalia</c><00:26:11.120><c> traded</c><00:26:11.600><c> ready</c><00:26:11.919><c> traded</c>

00:26:12.390 --> 00:26:12.400 align:start position:0%
probably somalia traded ready traded
 

00:26:12.400 --> 00:26:15.110 align:start position:0%
probably somalia traded ready traded
came<00:26:12.640><c> back</c><00:26:13.440><c> disassembled</c><00:26:14.080><c> the</c><00:26:14.240><c> ships</c><00:26:14.880><c> and</c>

00:26:15.110 --> 00:26:15.120 align:start position:0%
came back disassembled the ships and
 

00:26:15.120 --> 00:26:17.110 align:start position:0%
came back disassembled the ships and
instead<00:26:15.679><c> of</c><00:26:16.000><c> carrying</c><00:26:16.400><c> them</c><00:26:16.640><c> back</c><00:26:16.799><c> to</c><00:26:16.960><c> the</c>

00:26:17.110 --> 00:26:17.120 align:start position:0%
instead of carrying them back to the
 

00:26:17.120 --> 00:26:17.830 align:start position:0%
instead of carrying them back to the
nile

00:26:17.830 --> 00:26:17.840 align:start position:0%
nile
 

00:26:17.840 --> 00:26:20.149 align:start position:0%
nile
they<00:26:18.240><c> stored</c><00:26:18.559><c> them</c><00:26:18.799><c> in</c><00:26:18.960><c> these</c><00:26:19.200><c> little</c><00:26:19.520><c> caves</c>

00:26:20.149 --> 00:26:20.159 align:start position:0%
they stored them in these little caves
 

00:26:20.159 --> 00:26:21.830 align:start position:0%
they stored them in these little caves
so<00:26:20.320><c> the</c><00:26:20.400><c> bad</c><00:26:20.640><c> guys</c><00:26:20.880><c> won't</c><00:26:21.200><c> steal</c>

00:26:21.830 --> 00:26:21.840 align:start position:0%
so the bad guys won't steal
 

00:26:21.840 --> 00:26:25.190 align:start position:0%
so the bad guys won't steal
their<00:26:22.720><c> uh</c><00:26:23.600><c> their</c><00:26:23.840><c> seat</c><00:26:24.159><c> their</c><00:26:24.320><c> sea</c><00:26:24.559><c> vessels</c>

00:26:25.190 --> 00:26:25.200 align:start position:0%
their uh their seat their sea vessels
 

00:26:25.200 --> 00:26:27.190 align:start position:0%
their uh their seat their sea vessels
the<00:26:25.360><c> following</c><00:26:25.679><c> year</c><00:26:25.919><c> they'd</c><00:26:26.159><c> come</c><00:26:26.880><c> get</c><00:26:27.039><c> the</c>

00:26:27.190 --> 00:26:27.200 align:start position:0%
the following year they'd come get the
 

00:26:27.200 --> 00:26:28.870 align:start position:0%
the following year they'd come get the
ships<00:26:27.520><c> reassemble</c><00:26:28.080><c> them</c><00:26:28.240><c> and</c><00:26:28.480><c> and</c><00:26:28.720><c> the</c>

00:26:28.870 --> 00:26:28.880 align:start position:0%
ships reassemble them and and the
 

00:26:28.880 --> 00:26:30.310 align:start position:0%
ships reassemble them and and the
process<00:26:29.279><c> repeats</c>

00:26:30.310 --> 00:26:30.320 align:start position:0%
process repeats
 

00:26:30.320 --> 00:26:32.470 align:start position:0%
process repeats
now<00:26:30.720><c> a</c><00:26:30.799><c> lot</c><00:26:30.960><c> of</c><00:26:31.039><c> those</c><00:26:31.279><c> caves</c><00:26:31.679><c> are</c><00:26:31.840><c> unstable</c>

00:26:32.470 --> 00:26:32.480 align:start position:0%
now a lot of those caves are unstable
 

00:26:32.480 --> 00:26:33.669 align:start position:0%
now a lot of those caves are unstable
for<00:26:32.640><c> people</c><00:26:32.880><c> to</c><00:26:33.039><c> enter</c>

00:26:33.669 --> 00:26:33.679 align:start position:0%
for people to enter
 

00:26:33.679 --> 00:26:35.029 align:start position:0%
for people to enter
so<00:26:33.840><c> the</c><00:26:34.000><c> hope</c><00:26:34.240><c> was</c><00:26:34.400><c> that</c><00:26:34.480><c> we</c><00:26:34.640><c> would</c><00:26:34.720><c> be</c><00:26:34.880><c> able</c><00:26:34.960><c> to</c>

00:26:35.029 --> 00:26:35.039 align:start position:0%
so the hope was that we would be able to
 

00:26:35.039 --> 00:26:36.710 align:start position:0%
so the hope was that we would be able to
send<00:26:35.279><c> our</c><00:26:35.360><c> snake</c><00:26:35.679><c> robots</c><00:26:36.159><c> in</c>

00:26:36.710 --> 00:26:36.720 align:start position:0%
send our snake robots in
 

00:26:36.720 --> 00:26:40.149 align:start position:0%
send our snake robots in
and<00:26:37.120><c> find</c><00:26:38.080><c> evidence</c><00:26:38.559><c> of</c><00:26:38.960><c> other</c><00:26:39.279><c> ships</c>

00:26:40.149 --> 00:26:40.159 align:start position:0%
and find evidence of other ships
 

00:26:40.159 --> 00:26:43.269 align:start position:0%
and find evidence of other ships
unfortunately<00:26:40.960><c> we</c><00:26:41.200><c> found</c><00:26:41.440><c> nothing</c><00:26:42.159><c> and</c><00:26:43.120><c> the</c>

00:26:43.269 --> 00:26:43.279 align:start position:0%
unfortunately we found nothing and the
 

00:26:43.279 --> 00:26:45.029 align:start position:0%
unfortunately we found nothing and the
main<00:26:43.520><c> reason</c><00:26:43.760><c> why</c><00:26:43.919><c> we</c><00:26:44.080><c> found</c><00:26:44.320><c> nothing</c>

00:26:45.029 --> 00:26:45.039 align:start position:0%
main reason why we found nothing
 

00:26:45.039 --> 00:26:48.149 align:start position:0%
main reason why we found nothing
was<00:26:45.279><c> that</c><00:26:45.520><c> our</c><00:26:45.760><c> robots</c><00:26:46.880><c> weren't</c><00:26:47.200><c> good</c><00:26:47.440><c> enough</c>

00:26:48.149 --> 00:26:48.159 align:start position:0%
was that our robots weren't good enough
 

00:26:48.159 --> 00:26:49.990 align:start position:0%
was that our robots weren't good enough
uh<00:26:48.480><c> every</c><00:26:48.720><c> time</c><00:26:48.880><c> we</c><00:26:49.039><c> do</c><00:26:49.200><c> a</c><00:26:49.279><c> search</c><00:26:49.520><c> and</c><00:26:49.600><c> rescue</c>

00:26:49.990 --> 00:26:50.000 align:start position:0%
uh every time we do a search and rescue
 

00:26:50.000 --> 00:26:51.990 align:start position:0%
uh every time we do a search and rescue
training<00:26:50.320><c> or</c><00:26:50.400><c> we</c><00:26:50.559><c> did</c><00:26:50.640><c> this</c><00:26:50.880><c> archaeology</c>

00:26:51.990 --> 00:26:52.000 align:start position:0%
training or we did this archaeology
 

00:26:52.000 --> 00:26:53.750 align:start position:0%
training or we did this archaeology
we<00:26:52.320><c> find</c><00:26:52.640><c> a</c><00:26:52.799><c> challenge</c><00:26:53.279><c> that</c><00:26:53.440><c> we</c><00:26:53.520><c> just</c>

00:26:53.750 --> 00:26:53.760 align:start position:0%
we find a challenge that we just
 

00:26:53.760 --> 00:26:55.510 align:start position:0%
we find a challenge that we just
couldn't<00:26:54.080><c> handle</c><00:26:54.480><c> in</c><00:26:54.559><c> this</c><00:26:54.720><c> particular</c><00:26:55.200><c> case</c>

00:26:55.510 --> 00:26:55.520 align:start position:0%
couldn't handle in this particular case
 

00:26:55.520 --> 00:26:56.789 align:start position:0%
couldn't handle in this particular case
we<00:26:55.679><c> had</c><00:26:55.919><c> trouble</c>

00:26:56.789 --> 00:26:56.799 align:start position:0%
we had trouble
 

00:26:56.799 --> 00:26:59.990 align:start position:0%
we had trouble
mediating<00:26:57.840><c> the</c><00:26:58.720><c> dirty</c><00:26:59.440><c> the</c><00:26:59.600><c> dirt</c>

00:26:59.990 --> 00:27:00.000 align:start position:0%
mediating the dirty the dirt
 

00:27:00.000 --> 00:27:01.669 align:start position:0%
mediating the dirty the dirt
in<00:27:00.080><c> other</c><00:27:00.240><c> words</c><00:27:00.400><c> the</c><00:27:00.640><c> snake</c><00:27:00.960><c> robots</c><00:27:01.360><c> slid</c><00:27:01.600><c> a</c>

00:27:01.669 --> 00:27:01.679 align:start position:0%
in other words the snake robots slid a
 

00:27:01.679 --> 00:27:02.950 align:start position:0%
in other words the snake robots slid a
lot<00:27:01.919><c> and</c><00:27:02.000><c> we</c><00:27:02.159><c> also</c><00:27:02.320><c> had</c><00:27:02.400><c> trouble</c><00:27:02.640><c> going</c><00:27:02.880><c> up</c>

00:27:02.950 --> 00:27:02.960 align:start position:0%
lot and we also had trouble going up
 

00:27:02.960 --> 00:27:05.110 align:start position:0%
lot and we also had trouble going up
steep<00:27:03.279><c> inclines</c>

00:27:05.110 --> 00:27:05.120 align:start position:0%
steep inclines
 

00:27:05.120 --> 00:27:07.110 align:start position:0%
steep inclines
last<00:27:05.440><c> month</c><00:27:05.760><c> we</c><00:27:05.919><c> went</c><00:27:06.080><c> to</c><00:27:06.240><c> turkey</c><00:27:06.880><c> where</c><00:27:07.039><c> we</c>

00:27:07.110 --> 00:27:07.120 align:start position:0%
last month we went to turkey where we
 

00:27:07.120 --> 00:27:08.950 align:start position:0%
last month we went to turkey where we
went<00:27:07.279><c> into</c><00:27:07.440><c> these</c><00:27:07.679><c> burial</c><00:27:08.080><c> mounds</c>

00:27:08.950 --> 00:27:08.960 align:start position:0%
went into these burial mounds
 

00:27:08.960 --> 00:27:11.830 align:start position:0%
went into these burial mounds
and<00:27:09.200><c> there</c><00:27:09.600><c> we</c><00:27:09.760><c> had</c><00:27:10.159><c> fewer</c><00:27:10.960><c> challenges</c><00:27:11.760><c> that</c>

00:27:11.830 --> 00:27:11.840 align:start position:0%
and there we had fewer challenges that
 

00:27:11.840 --> 00:27:13.510 align:start position:0%
and there we had fewer challenges that
the<00:27:12.000><c> robot</c><00:27:12.320><c> couldn't</c><00:27:12.640><c> overcome</c>

00:27:13.510 --> 00:27:13.520 align:start position:0%
the robot couldn't overcome
 

00:27:13.520 --> 00:27:15.590 align:start position:0%
the robot couldn't overcome
but<00:27:13.760><c> again</c><00:27:14.080><c> we</c><00:27:14.240><c> didn't</c><00:27:14.559><c> find</c><00:27:14.880><c> anything</c><00:27:15.440><c> but</c>

00:27:15.590 --> 00:27:15.600 align:start position:0%
but again we didn't find anything but
 

00:27:15.600 --> 00:27:16.870 align:start position:0%
but again we didn't find anything but
this<00:27:15.760><c> time</c><00:27:16.000><c> we</c><00:27:16.240><c> found</c>

00:27:16.870 --> 00:27:16.880 align:start position:0%
this time we found
 

00:27:16.880 --> 00:27:20.230 align:start position:0%
this time we found
nothing<00:27:17.520><c> because</c><00:27:17.919><c> there</c><00:27:18.080><c> was</c><00:27:18.240><c> nothing</c><00:27:18.840><c> there</c>

00:27:20.230 --> 00:27:20.240 align:start position:0%
nothing because there was nothing there
 

00:27:20.240 --> 00:27:22.710 align:start position:0%
nothing because there was nothing there
okay<00:27:21.279><c> i</c><00:27:21.440><c> also</c><00:27:21.760><c> forgot</c><00:27:22.080><c> to</c><00:27:22.159><c> say</c><00:27:22.399><c> something</c><00:27:22.640><c> i</c>

00:27:22.710 --> 00:27:22.720 align:start position:0%
okay i also forgot to say something i
 

00:27:22.720 --> 00:27:23.830 align:start position:0%
okay i also forgot to say something i
should<00:27:22.880><c> have</c><00:27:23.039><c> pointed</c><00:27:23.440><c> out</c>

00:27:23.830 --> 00:27:23.840 align:start position:0%
should have pointed out
 

00:27:23.840 --> 00:27:26.149 align:start position:0%
should have pointed out
we<00:27:24.080><c> also</c><00:27:24.640><c> uh</c><00:27:24.880><c> sent</c><00:27:25.120><c> our</c><00:27:25.200><c> snake</c><00:27:25.520><c> robots</c><00:27:25.919><c> into</c>

00:27:26.149 --> 00:27:26.159 align:start position:0%
we also uh sent our snake robots into
 

00:27:26.159 --> 00:27:27.830 align:start position:0%
we also uh sent our snake robots into
these<00:27:26.320><c> caverns</c><00:27:26.799><c> that</c><00:27:26.960><c> were</c><00:27:27.039><c> underneath</c><00:27:27.440><c> the</c>

00:27:27.830 --> 00:27:27.840 align:start position:0%
these caverns that were underneath the
 

00:27:27.840 --> 00:27:30.870 align:start position:0%
these caverns that were underneath the
great<00:27:28.080><c> pyramid</c><00:27:29.600><c> and</c><00:27:29.760><c> again</c><00:27:30.159><c> we</c><00:27:30.320><c> found</c><00:27:30.559><c> nothing</c>

00:27:30.870 --> 00:27:30.880 align:start position:0%
great pyramid and again we found nothing
 

00:27:30.880 --> 00:27:32.310 align:start position:0%
great pyramid and again we found nothing
but<00:27:31.039><c> we</c><00:27:31.120><c> also</c><00:27:31.360><c> ran</c><00:27:31.520><c> out</c><00:27:31.600><c> of</c><00:27:31.679><c> time</c><00:27:31.919><c> not</c><00:27:32.080><c> because</c>

00:27:32.310 --> 00:27:32.320 align:start position:0%
but we also ran out of time not because
 

00:27:32.320 --> 00:27:33.029 align:start position:0%
but we also ran out of time not because
we<00:27:32.399><c> didn't</c><00:27:32.559><c> find</c>

00:27:33.029 --> 00:27:33.039 align:start position:0%
we didn't find
 

00:27:33.039 --> 00:27:36.470 align:start position:0%
we didn't find
nothing<00:27:34.000><c> okay</c><00:27:34.640><c> um</c><00:27:35.679><c> and</c><00:27:36.000><c> for</c><00:27:36.240><c> the</c>

00:27:36.470 --> 00:27:36.480 align:start position:0%
nothing okay um and for the
 

00:27:36.480 --> 00:27:38.549 align:start position:0%
nothing okay um and for the
manufacturing<00:27:37.120><c> and</c><00:27:37.279><c> confined</c><00:27:37.760><c> spaces</c><00:27:38.320><c> what</c>

00:27:38.549 --> 00:27:38.559 align:start position:0%
manufacturing and confined spaces what
 

00:27:38.559 --> 00:27:40.470 align:start position:0%
manufacturing and confined spaces what
are<00:27:38.640><c> some</c><00:27:38.799><c> of</c><00:27:38.880><c> the</c><00:27:39.039><c> applications</c><00:27:39.919><c> that</c>

00:27:40.470 --> 00:27:40.480 align:start position:0%
are some of the applications that
 

00:27:40.480 --> 00:27:42.549 align:start position:0%
are some of the applications that
the<00:27:40.640><c> snake</c><00:27:40.960><c> robot</c><00:27:41.360><c> is</c><00:27:41.520><c> particularly</c><00:27:42.159><c> useful</c>

00:27:42.549 --> 00:27:42.559 align:start position:0%
the snake robot is particularly useful
 

00:27:42.559 --> 00:27:43.510 align:start position:0%
the snake robot is particularly useful
for

00:27:43.510 --> 00:27:43.520 align:start position:0%
for
 

00:27:43.520 --> 00:27:46.310 align:start position:0%
for
so<00:27:43.840><c> the</c><00:27:44.000><c> snake</c><00:27:44.320><c> robot</c><00:27:44.720><c> is</c><00:27:44.880><c> good</c><00:27:45.679><c> at</c><00:27:46.000><c> getting</c>

00:27:46.310 --> 00:27:46.320 align:start position:0%
so the snake robot is good at getting
 

00:27:46.320 --> 00:27:46.870 align:start position:0%
so the snake robot is good at getting
into

00:27:46.870 --> 00:27:46.880 align:start position:0%
into
 

00:27:46.880 --> 00:27:49.610 align:start position:0%
into
a<00:27:46.960><c> tight</c><00:27:47.279><c> spot</c><00:27:47.600><c> and</c><00:27:47.760><c> then</c><00:27:48.000><c> say</c><00:27:48.960><c> applying</c>

00:27:49.610 --> 00:27:49.620 align:start position:0%
a tight spot and then say applying
 

00:27:49.620 --> 00:27:51.029 align:start position:0%
a tight spot and then say applying
[Music]

00:27:51.029 --> 00:27:51.039 align:start position:0%
[Music]
 

00:27:51.039 --> 00:27:52.549 align:start position:0%
[Music]
actually<00:27:51.440><c> i'd</c><00:27:51.600><c> rather</c><00:27:51.840><c> not</c><00:27:52.000><c> talk</c><00:27:52.240><c> about</c><00:27:52.399><c> the</c>

00:27:52.549 --> 00:27:52.559 align:start position:0%
actually i'd rather not talk about the
 

00:27:52.559 --> 00:27:55.269 align:start position:0%
actually i'd rather not talk about the
manufacturing<00:27:53.200><c> confined</c><00:27:53.600><c> spaces</c><00:27:54.080><c> in</c><00:27:54.159><c> detail</c>

00:27:55.269 --> 00:27:55.279 align:start position:0%
manufacturing confined spaces in detail
 

00:27:55.279 --> 00:27:58.549 align:start position:0%
manufacturing confined spaces in detail
uh<00:27:55.840><c> let's</c><00:27:56.240><c> strike</c><00:27:56.640><c> that</c><00:27:57.919><c> yeah</c><00:27:58.080><c> i</c><00:27:58.159><c> think</c><00:27:58.320><c> the</c>

00:27:58.549 --> 00:27:58.559 align:start position:0%
uh let's strike that yeah i think the
 

00:27:58.559 --> 00:28:00.870 align:start position:0%
uh let's strike that yeah i think the
sponsor<00:27:59.120><c> might</c><00:27:59.279><c> not</c><00:27:59.600><c> like</c><00:27:59.919><c> me</c><00:28:00.159><c> talking</c><00:28:00.559><c> about</c>

00:28:00.870 --> 00:28:00.880 align:start position:0%
sponsor might not like me talking about
 

00:28:00.880 --> 00:28:01.510 align:start position:0%
sponsor might not like me talking about
it

00:28:01.510 --> 00:28:01.520 align:start position:0%
it
 

00:28:01.520 --> 00:28:04.630 align:start position:0%
it
yeah<00:28:01.679><c> i'm</c><00:28:01.840><c> sorry</c><00:28:02.080><c> about</c><00:28:02.240><c> that</c><00:28:03.039><c> sure</c><00:28:03.600><c> uh</c><00:28:04.240><c> i</c><00:28:04.399><c> also</c>

00:28:04.630 --> 00:28:04.640 align:start position:0%
yeah i'm sorry about that sure uh i also
 

00:28:04.640 --> 00:28:06.950 align:start position:0%
yeah i'm sorry about that sure uh i also
should<00:28:04.799><c> acknowledge</c><00:28:05.200><c> we</c><00:28:05.279><c> do</c><00:28:05.440><c> build</c>

00:28:06.950 --> 00:28:06.960 align:start position:0%
should acknowledge we do build
 

00:28:06.960 --> 00:28:10.149 align:start position:0%
should acknowledge we do build
other<00:28:07.279><c> robots</c><00:28:07.840><c> too</c><00:28:08.080><c> i</c><00:28:08.240><c> i</c><00:28:08.480><c> should</c><00:28:08.720><c> say</c><00:28:09.600><c> so</c><00:28:09.919><c> my</c>

00:28:10.149 --> 00:28:10.159 align:start position:0%
other robots too i i should say so my
 

00:28:10.159 --> 00:28:11.269 align:start position:0%
other robots too i i should say so my
research<00:28:10.559><c> group</c>

00:28:11.269 --> 00:28:11.279 align:start position:0%
research group
 

00:28:11.279 --> 00:28:15.510 align:start position:0%
research group
is<00:28:13.120><c> is</c><00:28:13.679><c> quite</c><00:28:14.080><c> good</c><00:28:14.240><c> at</c><00:28:14.320><c> building</c>

00:28:15.510 --> 00:28:15.520 align:start position:0%
is is quite good at building
 

00:28:15.520 --> 00:28:18.230 align:start position:0%
is is quite good at building
a<00:28:15.760><c> variety</c><00:28:16.159><c> of</c><00:28:16.320><c> mechanisms</c><00:28:17.440><c> one</c><00:28:17.600><c> of</c><00:28:17.679><c> them</c><00:28:18.080><c> i</c>

00:28:18.230 --> 00:28:18.240 align:start position:0%
a variety of mechanisms one of them i
 

00:28:18.240 --> 00:28:18.950 align:start position:0%
a variety of mechanisms one of them i
should<00:28:18.399><c> acknowledge</c>

00:28:18.950 --> 00:28:18.960 align:start position:0%
should acknowledge
 

00:28:18.960 --> 00:28:20.710 align:start position:0%
should acknowledge
is<00:28:19.120><c> born</c><00:28:19.440><c> out</c><00:28:19.520><c> of</c><00:28:19.600><c> our</c><00:28:19.679><c> snake</c><00:28:20.000><c> robot</c><00:28:20.320><c> work</c><00:28:20.640><c> and</c>

00:28:20.710 --> 00:28:20.720 align:start position:0%
is born out of our snake robot work and
 

00:28:20.720 --> 00:28:21.830 align:start position:0%
is born out of our snake robot work and
that<00:28:20.880><c> is</c><00:28:21.039><c> we're</c><00:28:21.200><c> getting</c><00:28:21.440><c> very</c><00:28:21.600><c> good</c><00:28:21.760><c> at</c>

00:28:21.830 --> 00:28:21.840 align:start position:0%
that is we're getting very good at
 

00:28:21.840 --> 00:28:23.830 align:start position:0%
that is we're getting very good at
building<00:28:22.159><c> modular</c><00:28:22.720><c> systems</c>

00:28:23.830 --> 00:28:23.840 align:start position:0%
building modular systems
 

00:28:23.840 --> 00:28:27.029 align:start position:0%
building modular systems
so<00:28:24.960><c> our</c><00:28:25.200><c> current</c><00:28:25.440><c> snake</c><00:28:25.760><c> robot</c><00:28:26.240><c> can</c><00:28:26.399><c> be</c><00:28:26.799><c> put</c>

00:28:27.029 --> 00:28:27.039 align:start position:0%
so our current snake robot can be put
 

00:28:27.039 --> 00:28:28.310 align:start position:0%
so our current snake robot can be put
together

00:28:28.310 --> 00:28:28.320 align:start position:0%
together
 

00:28:28.320 --> 00:28:30.070 align:start position:0%
together
without<00:28:28.720><c> tools</c><00:28:29.440><c> you</c><00:28:29.520><c> know</c><00:28:29.679><c> just</c><00:28:29.760><c> using</c><00:28:30.000><c> your</c>

00:28:30.070 --> 00:28:30.080 align:start position:0%
without tools you know just using your
 

00:28:30.080 --> 00:28:31.909 align:start position:0%
without tools you know just using your
hands<00:28:30.320><c> you</c><00:28:30.480><c> can</c><00:28:30.559><c> scream</c><00:28:30.960><c> together</c><00:28:31.279><c> as</c><00:28:31.520><c> if</c><00:28:31.760><c> they</c>

00:28:31.909 --> 00:28:31.919 align:start position:0%
hands you can scream together as if they
 

00:28:31.919 --> 00:28:33.110 align:start position:0%
hands you can scream together as if they
were<00:28:32.080><c> lego</c>

00:28:33.110 --> 00:28:33.120 align:start position:0%
were lego
 

00:28:33.120 --> 00:28:34.710 align:start position:0%
were lego
but<00:28:33.279><c> what's</c><00:28:33.760><c> more</c><00:28:34.000><c> impressive</c><00:28:34.399><c> than</c><00:28:34.559><c> the</c>

00:28:34.710 --> 00:28:34.720 align:start position:0%
but what's more impressive than the
 

00:28:34.720 --> 00:28:36.149 align:start position:0%
but what's more impressive than the
mechanical<00:28:35.279><c> connection</c>

00:28:36.149 --> 00:28:36.159 align:start position:0%
mechanical connection
 

00:28:36.159 --> 00:28:37.750 align:start position:0%
mechanical connection
is<00:28:36.320><c> the</c><00:28:36.480><c> underlying</c><00:28:37.120><c> software</c><00:28:37.679><c> and</c>

00:28:37.750 --> 00:28:37.760 align:start position:0%
is the underlying software and
 

00:28:37.760 --> 00:28:39.990 align:start position:0%
is the underlying software and
electronics<00:28:38.480><c> that</c><00:28:38.720><c> makes</c><00:28:38.960><c> this</c><00:28:39.200><c> happen</c>

00:28:39.990 --> 00:28:40.000 align:start position:0%
electronics that makes this happen
 

00:28:40.000 --> 00:28:41.669 align:start position:0%
electronics that makes this happen
and<00:28:40.159><c> as</c><00:28:40.320><c> a</c><00:28:40.399><c> result</c><00:28:40.720><c> of</c><00:28:40.880><c> that</c><00:28:41.120><c> we're</c><00:28:41.279><c> now</c>

00:28:41.669 --> 00:28:41.679 align:start position:0%
and as a result of that we're now
 

00:28:41.679 --> 00:28:43.830 align:start position:0%
and as a result of that we're now
building<00:28:42.240><c> other</c><00:28:42.559><c> kinds</c><00:28:42.880><c> of</c><00:28:43.039><c> modules</c><00:28:43.600><c> that</c><00:28:43.679><c> we</c>

00:28:43.830 --> 00:28:43.840 align:start position:0%
building other kinds of modules that we
 

00:28:43.840 --> 00:28:45.110 align:start position:0%
building other kinds of modules that we
can<00:28:43.919><c> put</c><00:28:44.159><c> together</c>

00:28:45.110 --> 00:28:45.120 align:start position:0%
can put together
 

00:28:45.120 --> 00:28:47.190 align:start position:0%
can put together
so<00:28:45.279><c> we</c><00:28:45.440><c> built</c><00:28:45.679><c> a</c><00:28:45.840><c> tank</c><00:28:46.080><c> tread</c><00:28:46.399><c> module</c><00:28:47.039><c> we're</c>

00:28:47.190 --> 00:28:47.200 align:start position:0%
so we built a tank tread module we're
 

00:28:47.200 --> 00:28:48.630 align:start position:0%
so we built a tank tread module we're
building<00:28:47.520><c> a</c><00:28:47.679><c> legged</c><00:28:48.159><c> system</c>

00:28:48.630 --> 00:28:48.640 align:start position:0%
building a legged system
 

00:28:48.640 --> 00:28:51.430 align:start position:0%
building a legged system
again<00:28:49.120><c> out</c><00:28:49.279><c> of</c><00:28:49.440><c> our</c><00:28:49.600><c> modules</c><00:28:50.799><c> but</c><00:28:51.120><c> other</c>

00:28:51.430 --> 00:28:51.440 align:start position:0%
again out of our modules but other
 

00:28:51.440 --> 00:28:52.549 align:start position:0%
again out of our modules but other
robots

00:28:52.549 --> 00:28:52.559 align:start position:0%
robots
 

00:28:52.559 --> 00:28:56.870 align:start position:0%
robots
that<00:28:52.720><c> we've</c><00:28:52.880><c> built</c><00:28:53.200><c> we</c><00:28:53.360><c> built</c><00:28:53.600><c> a</c><00:28:53.840><c> small</c><00:28:55.120><c> uh</c>

00:28:56.870 --> 00:28:56.880 align:start position:0%
that we've built we built a small uh
 

00:28:56.880 --> 00:28:59.590 align:start position:0%
that we've built we built a small uh
mobile<00:28:57.279><c> robot</c><00:28:58.000><c> that's</c><00:28:58.320><c> you</c><00:28:58.480><c> know</c><00:28:58.880><c> yay</c><00:28:59.279><c> big</c>

00:28:59.590 --> 00:28:59.600 align:start position:0%
mobile robot that's you know yay big
 

00:28:59.600 --> 00:29:01.269 align:start position:0%
mobile robot that's you know yay big
this<00:28:59.760><c> high</c><00:29:00.000><c> off</c><00:29:00.159><c> the</c><00:29:00.320><c> ground</c>

00:29:01.269 --> 00:29:01.279 align:start position:0%
this high off the ground
 

00:29:01.279 --> 00:29:04.630 align:start position:0%
this high off the ground
but<00:29:01.679><c> it</c><00:29:01.919><c> is</c><00:29:02.159><c> very</c><00:29:02.559><c> fast</c><00:29:03.440><c> and</c><00:29:03.760><c> it</c><00:29:03.919><c> can</c><00:29:04.080><c> maneuver</c>

00:29:04.630 --> 00:29:04.640 align:start position:0%
but it is very fast and it can maneuver
 

00:29:04.640 --> 00:29:05.510 align:start position:0%
but it is very fast and it can maneuver
over

00:29:05.510 --> 00:29:05.520 align:start position:0%
over
 

00:29:05.520 --> 00:29:09.190 align:start position:0%
over
objects<00:29:06.399><c> many</c><00:29:06.720><c> times</c><00:29:07.200><c> its</c><00:29:07.440><c> size</c><00:29:08.399><c> the</c><00:29:08.640><c> idea</c>

00:29:09.190 --> 00:29:09.200 align:start position:0%
objects many times its size the idea
 

00:29:09.200 --> 00:29:10.710 align:start position:0%
objects many times its size the idea
is<00:29:09.360><c> that</c><00:29:09.600><c> a</c><00:29:09.679><c> lot</c><00:29:09.840><c> of</c><00:29:09.919><c> times</c><00:29:10.320><c> when</c><00:29:10.480><c> we</c><00:29:10.559><c> would</c>

00:29:10.710 --> 00:29:10.720 align:start position:0%
is that a lot of times when we would
 

00:29:10.720 --> 00:29:12.310 align:start position:0%
is that a lot of times when we would
take<00:29:10.960><c> our</c><00:29:11.120><c> snake</c><00:29:11.440><c> robot</c><00:29:11.760><c> to</c><00:29:11.840><c> do</c><00:29:12.000><c> some</c><00:29:12.080><c> search</c>

00:29:12.310 --> 00:29:12.320 align:start position:0%
take our snake robot to do some search
 

00:29:12.320 --> 00:29:13.510 align:start position:0%
take our snake robot to do some search
and<00:29:12.399><c> rescue</c><00:29:12.799><c> training</c>

00:29:13.510 --> 00:29:13.520 align:start position:0%
and rescue training
 

00:29:13.520 --> 00:29:15.110 align:start position:0%
and rescue training
i<00:29:13.679><c> couldn't</c><00:29:13.919><c> help</c><00:29:14.080><c> but</c><00:29:14.240><c> wonder</c><00:29:14.799><c> could</c><00:29:14.960><c> an</c>

00:29:15.110 --> 00:29:15.120 align:start position:0%
i couldn't help but wonder could an
 

00:29:15.120 --> 00:29:16.789 align:start position:0%
i couldn't help but wonder could an
articulated<00:29:15.679><c> wheeled</c><00:29:15.919><c> vehicle</c><00:29:16.320><c> do</c><00:29:16.480><c> just</c><00:29:16.640><c> the</c>

00:29:16.789 --> 00:29:16.799 align:start position:0%
articulated wheeled vehicle do just the
 

00:29:16.799 --> 00:29:17.510 align:start position:0%
articulated wheeled vehicle do just the
same

00:29:17.510 --> 00:29:17.520 align:start position:0%
same
 

00:29:17.520 --> 00:29:20.470 align:start position:0%
same
and<00:29:18.399><c> that's</c><00:29:18.880><c> that's</c><00:29:19.120><c> the</c><00:29:19.279><c> answer</c><00:29:19.600><c> to</c><00:29:19.760><c> this</c><00:29:20.080><c> uh</c>

00:29:20.470 --> 00:29:20.480 align:start position:0%
and that's that's the answer to this uh
 

00:29:20.480 --> 00:29:21.510 align:start position:0%
and that's that's the answer to this uh
problem

00:29:21.510 --> 00:29:21.520 align:start position:0%
problem
 

00:29:21.520 --> 00:29:24.630 align:start position:0%
problem
we<00:29:21.760><c> built</c><00:29:22.080><c> another</c><00:29:22.640><c> robot</c><00:29:23.600><c> uh</c><00:29:24.159><c> excuse</c><00:29:24.480><c> me</c>

00:29:24.630 --> 00:29:24.640 align:start position:0%
we built another robot uh excuse me
 

00:29:24.640 --> 00:29:25.830 align:start position:0%
we built another robot uh excuse me
we're<00:29:24.799><c> in</c><00:29:24.880><c> the</c><00:29:24.960><c> process</c><00:29:25.279><c> of</c><00:29:25.360><c> building</c><00:29:25.600><c> another</c>

00:29:25.830 --> 00:29:25.840 align:start position:0%
we're in the process of building another
 

00:29:25.840 --> 00:29:26.870 align:start position:0%
we're in the process of building another
robot

00:29:26.870 --> 00:29:26.880 align:start position:0%
robot
 

00:29:26.880 --> 00:29:28.549 align:start position:0%
robot
that<00:29:27.120><c> we're</c><00:29:27.279><c> going</c><00:29:27.360><c> to</c><00:29:27.440><c> be</c><00:29:27.520><c> able</c><00:29:27.760><c> to</c><00:29:28.159><c> throw</c><00:29:28.480><c> in</c>

00:29:28.549 --> 00:29:28.559 align:start position:0%
that we're going to be able to throw in
 

00:29:28.559 --> 00:29:30.789 align:start position:0%
that we're going to be able to throw in
the<00:29:28.720><c> air</c><00:29:29.440><c> and</c><00:29:29.520><c> then</c><00:29:29.679><c> using</c><00:29:29.919><c> its</c><00:29:30.159><c> wheels</c><00:29:30.559><c> it'll</c>

00:29:30.789 --> 00:29:30.799 align:start position:0%
the air and then using its wheels it'll
 

00:29:30.799 --> 00:29:32.630 align:start position:0%
the air and then using its wheels it'll
be<00:29:30.880><c> able</c><00:29:31.039><c> to</c><00:29:31.279><c> write</c><00:29:31.520><c> itself</c><00:29:31.919><c> and</c><00:29:32.000><c> then</c><00:29:32.240><c> land</c>

00:29:32.630 --> 00:29:32.640 align:start position:0%
be able to write itself and then land
 

00:29:32.640 --> 00:29:33.990 align:start position:0%
be able to write itself and then land
wheel<00:29:32.960><c> down</c>

00:29:33.990 --> 00:29:34.000 align:start position:0%
wheel down
 

00:29:34.000 --> 00:29:36.870 align:start position:0%
wheel down
my<00:29:34.240><c> interest</c><00:29:34.720><c> there</c><00:29:35.279><c> is</c><00:29:35.760><c> one</c><00:29:36.159><c> being</c><00:29:36.399><c> able</c><00:29:36.559><c> to</c>

00:29:36.870 --> 00:29:36.880 align:start position:0%
my interest there is one being able to
 

00:29:36.880 --> 00:29:38.310 align:start position:0%
my interest there is one being able to
take<00:29:37.039><c> a</c><00:29:37.120><c> running</c><00:29:37.440><c> jump</c><00:29:37.760><c> and</c><00:29:37.919><c> land</c><00:29:38.159><c> on</c><00:29:38.240><c> a</c>

00:29:38.310 --> 00:29:38.320 align:start position:0%
take a running jump and land on a
 

00:29:38.320 --> 00:29:39.190 align:start position:0%
take a running jump and land on a
platform

00:29:39.190 --> 00:29:39.200 align:start position:0%
platform
 

00:29:39.200 --> 00:29:41.269 align:start position:0%
platform
but<00:29:39.360><c> i'm</c><00:29:39.520><c> also</c><00:29:39.919><c> interested</c><00:29:40.559><c> eventually</c><00:29:41.120><c> in</c>

00:29:41.269 --> 00:29:41.279 align:start position:0%
but i'm also interested eventually in
 

00:29:41.279 --> 00:29:43.350 align:start position:0%
but i'm also interested eventually in
building<00:29:41.760><c> a</c><00:29:42.080><c> spider</c><00:29:42.640><c> robot</c>

00:29:43.350 --> 00:29:43.360 align:start position:0%
building a spider robot
 

00:29:43.360 --> 00:29:46.950 align:start position:0%
building a spider robot
where<00:29:43.600><c> the</c><00:29:43.760><c> spider</c><00:29:44.559><c> can</c><00:29:45.200><c> run</c><00:29:45.600><c> and</c><00:29:45.760><c> then</c><00:29:46.080><c> jump</c>

00:29:46.950 --> 00:29:46.960 align:start position:0%
where the spider can run and then jump
 

00:29:46.960 --> 00:29:50.789 align:start position:0%
where the spider can run and then jump
and<00:29:47.039><c> then</c><00:29:47.279><c> land</c><00:29:47.760><c> on</c><00:29:47.919><c> a</c><00:29:48.000><c> vertical</c><00:29:48.399><c> surface</c>

00:29:50.789 --> 00:29:50.799 align:start position:0%
and then land on a vertical surface
 

00:29:50.799 --> 00:29:53.029 align:start position:0%
and then land on a vertical surface
my<00:29:50.960><c> research</c><00:29:51.360><c> group</c><00:29:52.640><c> this</c><00:29:52.799><c> is</c><00:29:52.960><c> in</c>

00:29:53.029 --> 00:29:53.039 align:start position:0%
my research group this is in
 

00:29:53.039 --> 00:29:54.789 align:start position:0%
my research group this is in
collaboration<00:29:53.760><c> with</c><00:29:53.919><c> john</c><00:29:54.320><c> luntz</c>

00:29:54.789 --> 00:29:54.799 align:start position:0%
collaboration with john luntz
 

00:29:54.799 --> 00:29:56.710 align:start position:0%
collaboration with john luntz
at<00:29:54.880><c> the</c><00:29:54.960><c> university</c><00:29:55.360><c> of</c><00:29:55.440><c> michigan</c><00:29:56.159><c> and</c><00:29:56.399><c> bill</c>

00:29:56.710 --> 00:29:56.720 align:start position:0%
at the university of michigan and bill
 

00:29:56.720 --> 00:29:59.430 align:start position:0%
at the university of michigan and bill
messner<00:29:57.520><c> who's</c><00:29:57.919><c> now</c><00:29:58.159><c> at</c><00:29:58.240><c> northeastern</c>

00:29:59.430 --> 00:29:59.440 align:start position:0%
messner who's now at northeastern
 

00:29:59.440 --> 00:30:02.710 align:start position:0%
messner who's now at northeastern
we<00:29:59.600><c> built</c><00:30:00.000><c> what's</c><00:30:00.240><c> called</c><00:30:00.559><c> an</c><00:30:00.799><c> actuator</c><00:30:01.600><c> array</c>

00:30:02.710 --> 00:30:02.720 align:start position:0%
we built what's called an actuator array
 

00:30:02.720 --> 00:30:04.549 align:start position:0%
we built what's called an actuator array
imagine<00:30:03.120><c> you</c><00:30:03.279><c> have</c><00:30:03.440><c> a</c><00:30:03.520><c> checkerboard</c><00:30:04.240><c> but</c><00:30:04.399><c> each</c>

00:30:04.549 --> 00:30:04.559 align:start position:0%
imagine you have a checkerboard but each
 

00:30:04.559 --> 00:30:06.549 align:start position:0%
imagine you have a checkerboard but each
checkerboard<00:30:05.120><c> has</c><00:30:05.279><c> a</c><00:30:05.360><c> pair</c><00:30:05.600><c> of</c><00:30:05.760><c> wheels</c>

00:30:06.549 --> 00:30:06.559 align:start position:0%
checkerboard has a pair of wheels
 

00:30:06.559 --> 00:30:08.310 align:start position:0%
checkerboard has a pair of wheels
where<00:30:06.799><c> one</c><00:30:06.960><c> wheel</c><00:30:07.200><c> rotates</c><00:30:07.600><c> this</c><00:30:07.840><c> way</c><00:30:08.080><c> and</c><00:30:08.240><c> the</c>

00:30:08.310 --> 00:30:08.320 align:start position:0%
where one wheel rotates this way and the
 

00:30:08.320 --> 00:30:10.149 align:start position:0%
where one wheel rotates this way and the
wheel<00:30:08.559><c> rotates</c><00:30:09.039><c> this</c><00:30:09.200><c> way</c><00:30:09.440><c> but</c><00:30:09.600><c> there's</c><00:30:09.840><c> beads</c>

00:30:10.149 --> 00:30:10.159 align:start position:0%
wheel rotates this way but there's beads
 

00:30:10.159 --> 00:30:11.110 align:start position:0%
wheel rotates this way but there's beads
on<00:30:10.240><c> these</c><00:30:10.399><c> wheels</c>

00:30:11.110 --> 00:30:11.120 align:start position:0%
on these wheels
 

00:30:11.120 --> 00:30:12.950 align:start position:0%
on these wheels
so<00:30:11.279><c> these</c><00:30:11.520><c> wheels</c><00:30:11.840><c> collectively</c><00:30:12.399><c> can</c><00:30:12.559><c> provide</c>

00:30:12.950 --> 00:30:12.960 align:start position:0%
so these wheels collectively can provide
 

00:30:12.960 --> 00:30:15.430 align:start position:0%
so these wheels collectively can provide
a<00:30:13.120><c> planar</c><00:30:13.600><c> vectored</c><00:30:14.000><c> force</c><00:30:14.240><c> in</c><00:30:14.399><c> any</c><00:30:14.559><c> direction</c>

00:30:15.430 --> 00:30:15.440 align:start position:0%
a planar vectored force in any direction
 

00:30:15.440 --> 00:30:17.350 align:start position:0%
a planar vectored force in any direction
so<00:30:15.600><c> by</c><00:30:15.919><c> so</c><00:30:16.240><c> now</c><00:30:16.399><c> you</c><00:30:16.399><c> have</c><00:30:16.480><c> an</c><00:30:16.640><c> array</c><00:30:16.880><c> of</c><00:30:16.960><c> these</c>

00:30:17.350 --> 00:30:17.360 align:start position:0%
so by so now you have an array of these
 

00:30:17.360 --> 00:30:19.269 align:start position:0%
so by so now you have an array of these
you<00:30:17.520><c> can</c><00:30:17.600><c> put</c><00:30:17.760><c> a</c><00:30:17.840><c> box</c><00:30:18.159><c> down</c><00:30:18.399><c> on</c><00:30:18.480><c> top</c><00:30:18.640><c> of</c><00:30:18.799><c> it</c><00:30:19.039><c> and</c>

00:30:19.269 --> 00:30:19.279 align:start position:0%
you can put a box down on top of it and
 

00:30:19.279 --> 00:30:20.230 align:start position:0%
you can put a box down on top of it and
then<00:30:19.520><c> you</c><00:30:19.679><c> can</c>

00:30:20.230 --> 00:30:20.240 align:start position:0%
then you can
 

00:30:20.240 --> 00:30:22.310 align:start position:0%
then you can
manipulate<00:30:20.799><c> the</c><00:30:20.960><c> box</c><00:30:21.440><c> spin</c><00:30:21.679><c> it</c><00:30:21.840><c> around</c><00:30:22.240><c> and</c>

00:30:22.310 --> 00:30:22.320 align:start position:0%
manipulate the box spin it around and
 

00:30:22.320 --> 00:30:23.990 align:start position:0%
manipulate the box spin it around and
send<00:30:22.559><c> it</c><00:30:22.720><c> off</c><00:30:22.960><c> it's</c><00:30:23.120><c> sort</c><00:30:23.279><c> of</c><00:30:23.360><c> the</c><00:30:23.440><c> next</c><00:30:23.679><c> best</c>

00:30:23.990 --> 00:30:24.000 align:start position:0%
send it off it's sort of the next best
 

00:30:24.000 --> 00:30:24.710 align:start position:0%
send it off it's sort of the next best
thing

00:30:24.710 --> 00:30:24.720 align:start position:0%
thing
 

00:30:24.720 --> 00:30:28.310 align:start position:0%
thing
in<00:30:24.960><c> conveyor</c><00:30:25.600><c> belts</c><00:30:27.520><c> i'm</c><00:30:27.840><c> trying</c><00:30:28.080><c> to</c><00:30:28.159><c> think</c>

00:30:28.310 --> 00:30:28.320 align:start position:0%
in conveyor belts i'm trying to think
 

00:30:28.320 --> 00:30:29.990 align:start position:0%
in conveyor belts i'm trying to think
what<00:30:28.480><c> other</c><00:30:28.640><c> robots</c><00:30:29.120><c> we've</c><00:30:29.440><c> built</c>

00:30:29.990 --> 00:30:30.000 align:start position:0%
what other robots we've built
 

00:30:30.000 --> 00:30:31.510 align:start position:0%
what other robots we've built
or<00:30:30.240><c> the</c><00:30:30.399><c> process</c><00:30:30.799><c> of</c><00:30:30.880><c> building</c><00:30:31.200><c> because</c><00:30:31.360><c> i</c>

00:30:31.510 --> 00:30:31.520 align:start position:0%
or the process of building because i
 

00:30:31.520 --> 00:30:33.430 align:start position:0%
or the process of building because i
know<00:30:31.760><c> i'm</c><00:30:31.919><c> going</c><00:30:32.000><c> to</c><00:30:32.080><c> think</c><00:30:32.320><c> of</c><00:30:32.480><c> one</c><00:30:32.720><c> more</c><00:30:32.960><c> than</c>

00:30:33.430 --> 00:30:33.440 align:start position:0%
know i'm going to think of one more than
 

00:30:33.440 --> 00:30:36.310 align:start position:0%
know i'm going to think of one more than
being<00:30:33.760><c> embarrassed</c><00:30:34.480><c> that</c><00:30:34.640><c> we</c><00:30:34.880><c> didn't</c><00:30:35.200><c> uh</c>

00:30:36.310 --> 00:30:36.320 align:start position:0%
being embarrassed that we didn't uh
 

00:30:36.320 --> 00:30:38.149 align:start position:0%
being embarrassed that we didn't uh
discuss<00:30:36.880><c> it</c><00:30:37.120><c> but</c><00:30:37.279><c> i</c><00:30:37.360><c> guess</c><00:30:37.600><c> we'll</c><00:30:37.840><c> just</c><00:30:38.080><c> have</c>

00:30:38.149 --> 00:30:38.159 align:start position:0%
discuss it but i guess we'll just have
 

00:30:38.159 --> 00:30:39.590 align:start position:0%
discuss it but i guess we'll just have
to<00:30:38.240><c> leave</c><00:30:38.399><c> it</c><00:30:38.480><c> at</c><00:30:38.559><c> that</c>

00:30:39.590 --> 00:30:39.600 align:start position:0%
to leave it at that
 

00:30:39.600 --> 00:30:42.710 align:start position:0%
to leave it at that
so<00:30:39.840><c> you</c><00:30:40.000><c> mentioned</c><00:30:40.399><c> spider</c><00:30:40.880><c> robots</c><00:30:41.440><c> um</c><00:30:42.480><c> do</c><00:30:42.559><c> you</c>

00:30:42.710 --> 00:30:42.720 align:start position:0%
so you mentioned spider robots um do you
 

00:30:42.720 --> 00:30:44.630 align:start position:0%
so you mentioned spider robots um do you
actually<00:30:42.960><c> look</c><00:30:43.120><c> to</c><00:30:43.279><c> biological</c><00:30:43.919><c> models</c><00:30:44.399><c> as</c>

00:30:44.630 --> 00:30:44.640 align:start position:0%
actually look to biological models as
 

00:30:44.640 --> 00:30:46.230 align:start position:0%
actually look to biological models as
you<00:30:44.799><c> construct</c><00:30:45.279><c> these</c><00:30:45.520><c> systems</c>

00:30:46.230 --> 00:30:46.240 align:start position:0%
you construct these systems
 

00:30:46.240 --> 00:30:49.269 align:start position:0%
you construct these systems
or<00:30:46.480><c> are</c><00:30:46.559><c> they</c><00:30:46.799><c> mostly</c><00:30:47.440><c> engineering</c><00:30:49.039><c> so</c><00:30:49.200><c> a</c>

00:30:49.269 --> 00:30:49.279 align:start position:0%
or are they mostly engineering so a
 

00:30:49.279 --> 00:30:50.070 align:start position:0%
or are they mostly engineering so a
common<00:30:49.600><c> question</c>

00:30:50.070 --> 00:30:50.080 align:start position:0%
common question
 

00:30:50.080 --> 00:30:53.430 align:start position:0%
common question
we<00:30:50.320><c> get</c><00:30:50.559><c> with</c><00:30:50.799><c> our</c><00:30:50.960><c> snake</c><00:30:51.279><c> robots</c><00:30:52.000><c> is</c><00:30:52.880><c> do</c>

00:30:53.430 --> 00:30:53.440 align:start position:0%
we get with our snake robots is do
 

00:30:53.440 --> 00:30:55.110 align:start position:0%
we get with our snake robots is do
are<00:30:53.520><c> we</c><00:30:53.760><c> biologically</c><00:30:54.399><c> inspired</c><00:30:54.880><c> is</c><00:30:54.960><c> this</c>

00:30:55.110 --> 00:30:55.120 align:start position:0%
are we biologically inspired is this
 

00:30:55.120 --> 00:30:57.430 align:start position:0%
are we biologically inspired is this
biologically<00:30:55.760><c> inspired</c><00:30:56.240><c> robots</c>

00:30:57.430 --> 00:30:57.440 align:start position:0%
biologically inspired robots
 

00:30:57.440 --> 00:31:00.789 align:start position:0%
biologically inspired robots
and<00:30:58.240><c> the</c><00:30:58.399><c> answer</c><00:30:58.799><c> is</c><00:30:58.960><c> yes</c><00:30:59.919><c> but</c><00:31:00.080><c> i</c><00:31:00.240><c> think</c><00:31:00.480><c> just</c>

00:31:00.789 --> 00:31:00.799 align:start position:0%
and the answer is yes but i think just
 

00:31:00.799 --> 00:31:02.389 align:start position:0%
and the answer is yes but i think just
saying<00:31:01.120><c> yes</c><00:31:01.440><c> doesn't</c><00:31:01.840><c> do</c>

00:31:02.389 --> 00:31:02.399 align:start position:0%
saying yes doesn't do
 

00:31:02.399 --> 00:31:05.029 align:start position:0%
saying yes doesn't do
the<00:31:02.640><c> question</c><00:31:03.120><c> justice</c><00:31:04.080><c> we're</c><00:31:04.320><c> biologically</c>

00:31:05.029 --> 00:31:05.039 align:start position:0%
the question justice we're biologically
 

00:31:05.039 --> 00:31:06.870 align:start position:0%
the question justice we're biologically
inspired<00:31:05.600><c> on</c><00:31:05.760><c> multiple</c><00:31:06.240><c> levels</c>

00:31:06.870 --> 00:31:06.880 align:start position:0%
inspired on multiple levels
 

00:31:06.880 --> 00:31:08.710 align:start position:0%
inspired on multiple levels
so<00:31:07.120><c> first</c><00:31:07.440><c> we</c><00:31:07.600><c> look</c><00:31:07.760><c> at</c><00:31:07.840><c> the</c><00:31:08.000><c> snake</c><00:31:08.320><c> we</c><00:31:08.480><c> build</c>

00:31:08.710 --> 00:31:08.720 align:start position:0%
so first we look at the snake we build
 

00:31:08.720 --> 00:31:10.070 align:start position:0%
so first we look at the snake we build
the<00:31:08.799><c> snake</c><00:31:09.120><c> robots</c>

00:31:10.070 --> 00:31:10.080 align:start position:0%
the snake robots
 

00:31:10.080 --> 00:31:13.350 align:start position:0%
the snake robots
but<00:31:10.399><c> then</c><00:31:10.960><c> we</c><00:31:11.120><c> just</c><00:31:11.440><c> used</c><00:31:12.159><c> our</c><00:31:12.880><c> engineering</c>

00:31:13.350 --> 00:31:13.360 align:start position:0%
but then we just used our engineering
 

00:31:13.360 --> 00:31:14.149 align:start position:0%
but then we just used our engineering
intuition

00:31:14.149 --> 00:31:14.159 align:start position:0%
intuition
 

00:31:14.159 --> 00:31:17.029 align:start position:0%
intuition
our<00:31:14.480><c> underlying</c><00:31:15.120><c> math</c><00:31:15.919><c> to</c><00:31:16.240><c> make</c><00:31:16.559><c> the</c><00:31:16.720><c> snake</c>

00:31:17.029 --> 00:31:17.039 align:start position:0%
our underlying math to make the snake
 

00:31:17.039 --> 00:31:17.509 align:start position:0%
our underlying math to make the snake
robot

00:31:17.509 --> 00:31:17.519 align:start position:0%
robot
 

00:31:17.519 --> 00:31:20.470 align:start position:0%
robot
work<00:31:17.919><c> as</c><00:31:18.159><c> well</c><00:31:18.399><c> as</c><00:31:18.480><c> we</c><00:31:18.720><c> possibly</c><00:31:19.200><c> could</c><00:31:20.240><c> in</c>

00:31:20.470 --> 00:31:20.480 align:start position:0%
work as well as we possibly could in
 

00:31:20.480 --> 00:31:21.350 align:start position:0%
work as well as we possibly could in
doing<00:31:20.720><c> so</c>

00:31:21.350 --> 00:31:21.360 align:start position:0%
doing so
 

00:31:21.360 --> 00:31:23.430 align:start position:0%
doing so
there<00:31:21.600><c> are</c><00:31:21.760><c> times</c><00:31:22.080><c> we</c><00:31:22.240><c> can</c><00:31:22.640><c> return</c><00:31:23.039><c> the</c><00:31:23.200><c> favor</c>

00:31:23.430 --> 00:31:23.440 align:start position:0%
there are times we can return the favor
 

00:31:23.440 --> 00:31:24.389 align:start position:0%
there are times we can return the favor
to<00:31:23.600><c> biology</c>

00:31:24.389 --> 00:31:24.399 align:start position:0%
to biology
 

00:31:24.399 --> 00:31:26.470 align:start position:0%
to biology
and<00:31:24.559><c> start</c><00:31:24.880><c> explaining</c><00:31:25.200><c> to</c><00:31:25.279><c> biologists</c><00:31:26.240><c> how</c>

00:31:26.470 --> 00:31:26.480 align:start position:0%
and start explaining to biologists how
 

00:31:26.480 --> 00:31:27.909 align:start position:0%
and start explaining to biologists how
real<00:31:26.799><c> snakes</c><00:31:27.200><c> work</c>

00:31:27.909 --> 00:31:27.919 align:start position:0%
real snakes work
 

00:31:27.919 --> 00:31:30.870 align:start position:0%
real snakes work
however<00:31:28.960><c> this</c><00:31:29.519><c> illumination</c><00:31:30.240><c> is</c><00:31:30.320><c> going</c><00:31:30.559><c> both</c>

00:31:30.870 --> 00:31:30.880 align:start position:0%
however this illumination is going both
 

00:31:30.880 --> 00:31:31.590 align:start position:0%
however this illumination is going both
ways

00:31:31.590 --> 00:31:31.600 align:start position:0%
ways
 

00:31:31.600 --> 00:31:33.830 align:start position:0%
ways
so<00:31:31.760><c> i</c><00:31:32.000><c> work</c><00:31:32.399><c> with</c><00:31:32.880><c> a</c><00:31:33.200><c> physicist</c><00:31:33.679><c> and</c><00:31:33.760><c> a</c>

00:31:33.830 --> 00:31:33.840 align:start position:0%
so i work with a physicist and a
 

00:31:33.840 --> 00:31:35.669 align:start position:0%
so i work with a physicist and a
biologist<00:31:34.320><c> his</c><00:31:34.399><c> name</c><00:31:34.640><c> is</c><00:31:34.720><c> dan</c><00:31:35.039><c> goldman</c>

00:31:35.669 --> 00:31:35.679 align:start position:0%
biologist his name is dan goldman
 

00:31:35.679 --> 00:31:39.190 align:start position:0%
biologist his name is dan goldman
at<00:31:36.000><c> georgia</c><00:31:36.480><c> tech</c><00:31:37.519><c> and</c><00:31:38.559><c> he</c>

00:31:39.190 --> 00:31:39.200 align:start position:0%
at georgia tech and he
 

00:31:39.200 --> 00:31:43.110 align:start position:0%
at georgia tech and he
and<00:31:39.760><c> his</c><00:31:40.000><c> crew</c><00:31:41.200><c> collect</c><00:31:41.840><c> all</c><00:31:42.080><c> sorts</c><00:31:42.480><c> of</c><00:31:42.720><c> data</c>

00:31:43.110 --> 00:31:43.120 align:start position:0%
and his crew collect all sorts of data
 

00:31:43.120 --> 00:31:44.549 align:start position:0%
and his crew collect all sorts of data
on<00:31:43.360><c> snakes</c><00:31:43.840><c> and</c><00:31:43.919><c> they</c><00:31:44.159><c> draw</c>

00:31:44.549 --> 00:31:44.559 align:start position:0%
on snakes and they draw
 

00:31:44.559 --> 00:31:47.669 align:start position:0%
on snakes and they draw
great<00:31:44.840><c> conclusions</c><00:31:46.159><c> and</c><00:31:46.320><c> they</c><00:31:46.880><c> draw</c>

00:31:47.669 --> 00:31:47.679 align:start position:0%
great conclusions and they draw
 

00:31:47.679 --> 00:31:50.389 align:start position:0%
great conclusions and they draw
and<00:31:47.760><c> they</c><00:31:47.919><c> pose</c><00:31:48.240><c> some</c><00:31:48.480><c> questions</c><00:31:49.679><c> which</c><00:31:50.000><c> we're</c>

00:31:50.389 --> 00:31:50.399 align:start position:0%
and they pose some questions which we're
 

00:31:50.399 --> 00:31:52.310 align:start position:0%
and they pose some questions which we're
able<00:31:50.799><c> to</c>

00:31:52.310 --> 00:31:52.320 align:start position:0%
able to
 

00:31:52.320 --> 00:31:55.029 align:start position:0%
able to
demonstrate<00:31:53.360><c> or</c><00:31:53.679><c> disprove</c><00:31:54.399><c> on</c><00:31:54.559><c> the</c><00:31:54.720><c> snake</c>

00:31:55.029 --> 00:31:55.039 align:start position:0%
demonstrate or disprove on the snake
 

00:31:55.039 --> 00:31:57.029 align:start position:0%
demonstrate or disprove on the snake
robot<00:31:55.519><c> so</c><00:31:55.679><c> the</c><00:31:55.760><c> robot</c><00:31:56.159><c> is</c><00:31:56.240><c> being</c><00:31:56.480><c> used</c><00:31:56.799><c> as</c><00:31:56.880><c> a</c>

00:31:57.029 --> 00:31:57.039 align:start position:0%
robot so the robot is being used as a
 

00:31:57.039 --> 00:31:58.149 align:start position:0%
robot so the robot is being used as a
template

00:31:58.149 --> 00:31:58.159 align:start position:0%
template
 

00:31:58.159 --> 00:32:01.750 align:start position:0%
template
to<00:31:59.039><c> uh</c><00:31:59.039><c> uh</c><00:32:00.000><c> answer</c><00:32:00.320><c> some</c><00:32:00.480><c> of</c><00:32:00.640><c> dan's</c><00:32:01.039><c> questions</c>

00:32:01.750 --> 00:32:01.760 align:start position:0%
to uh uh answer some of dan's questions
 

00:32:01.760 --> 00:32:03.990 align:start position:0%
to uh uh answer some of dan's questions
but<00:32:01.919><c> at</c><00:32:02.080><c> the</c><00:32:02.159><c> same</c><00:32:02.399><c> time</c><00:32:03.120><c> dan</c><00:32:03.519><c> looks</c><00:32:03.760><c> at</c><00:32:03.840><c> the</c>

00:32:03.990 --> 00:32:04.000 align:start position:0%
but at the same time dan looks at the
 

00:32:04.000 --> 00:32:04.789 align:start position:0%
but at the same time dan looks at the
snake

00:32:04.789 --> 00:32:04.799 align:start position:0%
snake
 

00:32:04.799 --> 00:32:06.549 align:start position:0%
snake
looks<00:32:04.960><c> at</c><00:32:05.039><c> the</c><00:32:05.200><c> snake</c><00:32:05.440><c> robot</c><00:32:05.919><c> and</c><00:32:06.000><c> says</c><00:32:06.159><c> hey</c><00:32:06.399><c> if</c>

00:32:06.549 --> 00:32:06.559 align:start position:0%
looks at the snake robot and says hey if
 

00:32:06.559 --> 00:32:07.830 align:start position:0%
looks at the snake robot and says hey if
you<00:32:06.640><c> just</c><00:32:06.799><c> did</c><00:32:07.039><c> something</c><00:32:07.360><c> a</c><00:32:07.440><c> little</c><00:32:07.679><c> bit</c>

00:32:07.830 --> 00:32:07.840 align:start position:0%
you just did something a little bit
 

00:32:07.840 --> 00:32:08.389 align:start position:0%
you just did something a little bit
differently

00:32:08.389 --> 00:32:08.399 align:start position:0%
differently
 

00:32:08.399 --> 00:32:10.789 align:start position:0%
differently
can<00:32:08.640><c> we</c><00:32:08.720><c> make</c><00:32:08.880><c> the</c><00:32:08.960><c> snake</c><00:32:09.279><c> robot</c><00:32:09.600><c> work</c><00:32:09.840><c> better</c>

00:32:10.789 --> 00:32:10.799 align:start position:0%
can we make the snake robot work better
 

00:32:10.799 --> 00:32:12.470 align:start position:0%
can we make the snake robot work better
and<00:32:11.200><c> what</c><00:32:11.440><c> we're</c><00:32:11.679><c> doing</c><00:32:12.000><c> now</c><00:32:12.159><c> is</c><00:32:12.320><c> we're</c>

00:32:12.470 --> 00:32:12.480 align:start position:0%
and what we're doing now is we're
 

00:32:12.480 --> 00:32:13.029 align:start position:0%
and what we're doing now is we're
developing

00:32:13.029 --> 00:32:13.039 align:start position:0%
developing
 

00:32:13.039 --> 00:32:16.070 align:start position:0%
developing
algorithms<00:32:14.159><c> that</c><00:32:14.399><c> can</c><00:32:14.720><c> take</c><00:32:15.600><c> the</c>

00:32:16.070 --> 00:32:16.080 align:start position:0%
algorithms that can take the
 

00:32:16.080 --> 00:32:18.710 align:start position:0%
algorithms that can take the
data<00:32:16.399><c> we</c><00:32:16.559><c> get</c><00:32:16.720><c> from</c><00:32:16.960><c> the</c><00:32:17.200><c> snake</c><00:32:18.080><c> biological</c>

00:32:18.710 --> 00:32:18.720 align:start position:0%
data we get from the snake biological
 

00:32:18.720 --> 00:32:20.230 align:start position:0%
data we get from the snake biological
snake

00:32:20.230 --> 00:32:20.240 align:start position:0%
snake
 

00:32:20.240 --> 00:32:23.029 align:start position:0%
snake
sieve<00:32:20.559><c> out</c><00:32:20.720><c> the</c><00:32:20.880><c> core</c><00:32:21.200><c> principles</c><00:32:22.480><c> and</c><00:32:22.799><c> use</c>

00:32:23.029 --> 00:32:23.039 align:start position:0%
sieve out the core principles and use
 

00:32:23.039 --> 00:32:24.950 align:start position:0%
sieve out the core principles and use
those<00:32:23.360><c> principles</c><00:32:23.840><c> to</c><00:32:24.000><c> make</c><00:32:24.159><c> the</c><00:32:24.320><c> snake</c><00:32:24.559><c> robot</c>

00:32:24.950 --> 00:32:24.960 align:start position:0%
those principles to make the snake robot
 

00:32:24.960 --> 00:32:26.950 align:start position:0%
those principles to make the snake robot
maneuver<00:32:25.440><c> in</c><00:32:25.600><c> ways</c><00:32:26.080><c> that</c><00:32:26.320><c> our</c><00:32:26.640><c> raw</c>

00:32:26.950 --> 00:32:26.960 align:start position:0%
maneuver in ways that our raw
 

00:32:26.960 --> 00:32:29.110 align:start position:0%
maneuver in ways that our raw
engineering<00:32:27.360><c> intuition</c><00:32:28.240><c> alone</c><00:32:28.720><c> could</c><00:32:28.880><c> not</c>

00:32:29.110 --> 00:32:29.120 align:start position:0%
engineering intuition alone could not
 

00:32:29.120 --> 00:32:31.430 align:start position:0%
engineering intuition alone could not
have

00:32:31.430 --> 00:32:31.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:32:31.440 --> 00:32:33.590 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:32:31.760><c> um</c><00:32:32.240><c> over</c><00:32:32.399><c> the</c><00:32:32.480><c> course</c><00:32:32.720><c> of</c><00:32:32.880><c> your</c><00:32:33.039><c> career</c>

00:32:33.590 --> 00:32:33.600 align:start position:0%
and um over the course of your career
 

00:32:33.600 --> 00:32:35.350 align:start position:0%
and um over the course of your career
what<00:32:33.840><c> have</c><00:32:33.919><c> been</c><00:32:34.080><c> the</c><00:32:34.240><c> kind</c><00:32:34.399><c> of</c><00:32:34.559><c> big</c>

00:32:35.350 --> 00:32:35.360 align:start position:0%
what have been the kind of big
 

00:32:35.360 --> 00:32:38.630 align:start position:0%
what have been the kind of big
breakthroughs<00:32:36.000><c> in</c><00:32:36.240><c> snake</c><00:32:36.640><c> robotics</c><00:32:37.440><c> and</c>

00:32:38.630 --> 00:32:38.640 align:start position:0%
breakthroughs in snake robotics and
 

00:32:38.640 --> 00:32:42.310 align:start position:0%
breakthroughs in snake robotics and
modular<00:32:39.120><c> robotics</c><00:32:41.519><c> so</c>

00:32:42.310 --> 00:32:42.320 align:start position:0%
modular robotics so
 

00:32:42.320 --> 00:32:45.350 align:start position:0%
modular robotics so
it's<00:32:42.480><c> kind</c><00:32:42.640><c> of</c><00:32:42.799><c> hard</c><00:32:43.120><c> for</c><00:32:43.279><c> me</c><00:32:43.440><c> to</c><00:32:43.679><c> point</c><00:32:44.399><c> to</c><00:32:44.960><c> a</c>

00:32:45.350 --> 00:32:45.360 align:start position:0%
it's kind of hard for me to point to a
 

00:32:45.360 --> 00:32:48.230 align:start position:0%
it's kind of hard for me to point to a
breakthrough<00:32:46.399><c> because</c><00:32:47.120><c> a</c><00:32:47.279><c> lot</c><00:32:47.519><c> of</c><00:32:47.600><c> the</c><00:32:47.840><c> work</c>

00:32:48.230 --> 00:32:48.240 align:start position:0%
breakthrough because a lot of the work
 

00:32:48.240 --> 00:32:49.509 align:start position:0%
breakthrough because a lot of the work
that<00:32:48.399><c> we</c><00:32:48.640><c> do</c>

00:32:49.509 --> 00:32:49.519 align:start position:0%
that we do
 

00:32:49.519 --> 00:32:51.750 align:start position:0%
that we do
is<00:32:49.840><c> happening</c><00:32:50.240><c> continually</c><00:32:50.960><c> in</c><00:32:51.200><c> pieces</c><00:32:51.600><c> and</c>

00:32:51.750 --> 00:32:51.760 align:start position:0%
is happening continually in pieces and
 

00:32:51.760 --> 00:32:53.269 align:start position:0%
is happening continually in pieces and
pieces<00:32:52.159><c> and</c><00:32:52.240><c> pieces</c>

00:32:53.269 --> 00:32:53.279 align:start position:0%
pieces and pieces
 

00:32:53.279 --> 00:32:56.789 align:start position:0%
pieces and pieces
so<00:32:54.559><c> the</c><00:32:54.880><c> only</c><00:32:55.200><c> time</c><00:32:55.679><c> where</c><00:32:55.919><c> i</c><00:32:56.240><c> thought</c>

00:32:56.789 --> 00:32:56.799 align:start position:0%
so the only time where i thought
 

00:32:56.799 --> 00:33:00.310 align:start position:0%
so the only time where i thought
aha<00:32:57.360><c> it</c><00:32:57.519><c> was</c><00:32:57.679><c> a</c><00:32:58.240><c> tremendous</c><00:32:59.200><c> jump</c><00:32:59.519><c> forward</c>

00:33:00.310 --> 00:33:00.320 align:start position:0%
aha it was a tremendous jump forward
 

00:33:00.320 --> 00:33:02.310 align:start position:0%
aha it was a tremendous jump forward
was<00:33:00.480><c> when</c><00:33:00.640><c> we</c><00:33:00.799><c> conceived</c><00:33:01.440><c> of</c><00:33:01.519><c> the</c><00:33:01.679><c> medical</c>

00:33:02.310 --> 00:33:02.320 align:start position:0%
was when we conceived of the medical
 

00:33:02.320 --> 00:33:04.470 align:start position:0%
was when we conceived of the medical
snake<00:33:02.640><c> robot</c><00:33:03.120><c> mechanism</c><00:33:03.600><c> in</c><00:33:03.919><c> those</c><00:33:04.159><c> 20</c>

00:33:04.470 --> 00:33:04.480 align:start position:0%
snake robot mechanism in those 20
 

00:33:04.480 --> 00:33:05.669 align:start position:0%
snake robot mechanism in those 20
minutes

00:33:05.669 --> 00:33:05.679 align:start position:0%
minutes
 

00:33:05.679 --> 00:33:09.190 align:start position:0%
minutes
however<00:33:07.519><c> there's</c><00:33:07.760><c> just</c><00:33:08.000><c> a</c><00:33:08.240><c> lot</c><00:33:08.480><c> of</c><00:33:08.640><c> hard</c><00:33:08.960><c> work</c>

00:33:09.190 --> 00:33:09.200 align:start position:0%
however there's just a lot of hard work
 

00:33:09.200 --> 00:33:11.110 align:start position:0%
however there's just a lot of hard work
a<00:33:09.279><c> lot</c><00:33:09.440><c> of</c><00:33:09.600><c> ingenuity</c><00:33:10.240><c> a</c><00:33:10.320><c> lot</c><00:33:10.480><c> of</c>

00:33:11.110 --> 00:33:11.120 align:start position:0%
a lot of ingenuity a lot of
 

00:33:11.120 --> 00:33:13.590 align:start position:0%
a lot of ingenuity a lot of
let's<00:33:11.440><c> try</c><00:33:11.679><c> this</c><00:33:12.080><c> a</c><00:33:12.159><c> lot</c><00:33:12.399><c> of</c><00:33:12.640><c> let's</c><00:33:12.960><c> think</c><00:33:13.200><c> this</c>

00:33:13.590 --> 00:33:13.600 align:start position:0%
let's try this a lot of let's think this
 

00:33:13.600 --> 00:33:15.669 align:start position:0%
let's try this a lot of let's think this
out<00:33:13.840><c> reason</c><00:33:14.240><c> things</c><00:33:14.480><c> out</c><00:33:14.640><c> that</c><00:33:14.880><c> happen</c>

00:33:15.669 --> 00:33:15.679 align:start position:0%
out reason things out that happen
 

00:33:15.679 --> 00:33:17.669 align:start position:0%
out reason things out that happen
in<00:33:15.840><c> a</c><00:33:15.919><c> very</c><00:33:16.159><c> peaceful</c><00:33:16.720><c> this</c><00:33:16.880><c> is</c><00:33:16.960><c> what</c><00:33:17.200><c> science</c>

00:33:17.669 --> 00:33:17.679 align:start position:0%
in a very peaceful this is what science
 

00:33:17.679 --> 00:33:18.789 align:start position:0%
in a very peaceful this is what science
and<00:33:17.760><c> engineering</c><00:33:18.159><c> development</c>

00:33:18.789 --> 00:33:18.799 align:start position:0%
and engineering development
 

00:33:18.799 --> 00:33:21.990 align:start position:0%
and engineering development
is<00:33:20.080><c> i'm</c><00:33:20.240><c> very</c><00:33:20.559><c> proud</c><00:33:20.960><c> of</c><00:33:21.039><c> the</c><00:33:21.200><c> series</c><00:33:21.519><c> elastic</c>

00:33:21.990 --> 00:33:22.000 align:start position:0%
is i'm very proud of the series elastic
 

00:33:22.000 --> 00:33:23.669 align:start position:0%
is i'm very proud of the series elastic
robot<00:33:22.399><c> that</c><00:33:22.559><c> we</c><00:33:22.720><c> have</c><00:33:22.880><c> i'm</c><00:33:23.039><c> very</c><00:33:23.279><c> proud</c><00:33:23.440><c> of</c><00:33:23.600><c> the</c>

00:33:23.669 --> 00:33:23.679 align:start position:0%
robot that we have i'm very proud of the
 

00:33:23.679 --> 00:33:25.750 align:start position:0%
robot that we have i'm very proud of the
modular<00:33:24.159><c> snake</c><00:33:24.480><c> robot</c><00:33:24.880><c> that</c><00:33:25.039><c> we</c><00:33:25.200><c> have</c>

00:33:25.750 --> 00:33:25.760 align:start position:0%
modular snake robot that we have
 

00:33:25.760 --> 00:33:28.310 align:start position:0%
modular snake robot that we have
i'm<00:33:25.919><c> very</c><00:33:26.240><c> proud</c><00:33:27.200><c> of</c><00:33:27.440><c> the</c><00:33:27.760><c> geometric</c>

00:33:28.310 --> 00:33:28.320 align:start position:0%
i'm very proud of the geometric
 

00:33:28.320 --> 00:33:30.230 align:start position:0%
i'm very proud of the geometric
mechanics<00:33:28.799><c> most</c><00:33:29.039><c> notably</c><00:33:29.519><c> the</c><00:33:29.760><c> work</c><00:33:30.000><c> that</c>

00:33:30.230 --> 00:33:30.240 align:start position:0%
mechanics most notably the work that
 

00:33:30.240 --> 00:33:30.870 align:start position:0%
mechanics most notably the work that
ross<00:33:30.559><c> had</c>

00:33:30.870 --> 00:33:30.880 align:start position:0%
ross had
 

00:33:30.880 --> 00:33:32.789 align:start position:0%
ross had
in<00:33:31.120><c> my</c><00:33:31.279><c> phd</c><00:33:31.760><c> student</c><00:33:32.000><c> he's</c><00:33:32.159><c> now</c><00:33:32.320><c> a</c><00:33:32.399><c> professor</c>

00:33:32.789 --> 00:33:32.799 align:start position:0%
in my phd student he's now a professor
 

00:33:32.799 --> 00:33:34.389 align:start position:0%
in my phd student he's now a professor
at<00:33:32.960><c> oregon</c><00:33:33.360><c> state</c>

00:33:34.389 --> 00:33:34.399 align:start position:0%
at oregon state
 

00:33:34.399 --> 00:33:38.789 align:start position:0%
at oregon state
was<00:33:34.640><c> able</c><00:33:34.799><c> to</c><00:33:34.960><c> derive</c><00:33:36.559><c> in</c><00:33:36.720><c> our</c><00:33:36.880><c> work</c><00:33:37.919><c> so</c>

00:33:38.789 --> 00:33:38.799 align:start position:0%
was able to derive in our work so
 

00:33:38.799 --> 00:33:41.750 align:start position:0%
was able to derive in our work so
i<00:33:39.039><c> guess</c><00:33:39.279><c> to</c><00:33:39.519><c> say</c><00:33:40.240><c> i'm</c><00:33:40.480><c> proud</c><00:33:40.720><c> of</c><00:33:40.880><c> everything</c>

00:33:41.750 --> 00:33:41.760 align:start position:0%
i guess to say i'm proud of everything
 

00:33:41.760 --> 00:33:42.630 align:start position:0%
i guess to say i'm proud of everything
but<00:33:41.919><c> i</c><00:33:42.159><c> can't</c>

00:33:42.630 --> 00:33:42.640 align:start position:0%
but i can't
 

00:33:42.640 --> 00:33:45.269 align:start position:0%
but i can't
point<00:33:42.880><c> to</c><00:33:43.120><c> that</c><00:33:43.919><c> other</c><00:33:44.159><c> than</c><00:33:44.320><c> the</c><00:33:44.559><c> other</c><00:33:44.880><c> than</c>

00:33:45.269 --> 00:33:45.279 align:start position:0%
point to that other than the other than
 

00:33:45.279 --> 00:33:46.789 align:start position:0%
point to that other than the other than
building<00:33:45.679><c> mechanisms</c>

00:33:46.789 --> 00:33:46.799 align:start position:0%
building mechanisms
 

00:33:46.799 --> 00:33:49.830 align:start position:0%
building mechanisms
that<00:33:47.279><c> one</c><00:33:48.080><c> critical</c><00:33:49.039><c> breakthrough</c>

00:33:49.830 --> 00:33:49.840 align:start position:0%
that one critical breakthrough
 

00:33:49.840 --> 00:33:51.430 align:start position:0%
that one critical breakthrough
maybe<00:33:50.080><c> there</c><00:33:50.320><c> is</c><00:33:50.480><c> none</c><00:33:50.640><c> you</c><00:33:50.720><c> know</c><00:33:50.880><c> that's</c><00:33:51.120><c> that</c>

00:33:51.430 --> 00:33:51.440 align:start position:0%
maybe there is none you know that's that
 

00:33:51.440 --> 00:33:53.669 align:start position:0%
maybe there is none you know that's that
that's<00:33:51.600><c> one</c><00:33:51.760><c> reason</c><00:33:52.080><c> why</c><00:33:52.240><c> robotics</c><00:33:52.799><c> is</c><00:33:52.960><c> great</c>

00:33:53.669 --> 00:33:53.679 align:start position:0%
that's one reason why robotics is great
 

00:33:53.679 --> 00:33:55.990 align:start position:0%
that's one reason why robotics is great
it's<00:33:54.000><c> both</c><00:33:54.360><c> multi-disciplinary</c><00:33:55.679><c> meaning</c>

00:33:55.990 --> 00:33:56.000 align:start position:0%
it's both multi-disciplinary meaning
 

00:33:56.000 --> 00:33:57.190 align:start position:0%
it's both multi-disciplinary meaning
that<00:33:56.080><c> we</c><00:33:56.240><c> have</c><00:33:56.320><c> mechanical</c><00:33:56.799><c> engineering</c>

00:33:57.190 --> 00:33:57.200 align:start position:0%
that we have mechanical engineering
 

00:33:57.200 --> 00:33:58.549 align:start position:0%
that we have mechanical engineering
electrical<00:33:57.519><c> engineering</c><00:33:57.840><c> computer</c><00:33:58.159><c> science</c>

00:33:58.549 --> 00:33:58.559 align:start position:0%
electrical engineering computer science
 

00:33:58.559 --> 00:34:00.389 align:start position:0%
electrical engineering computer science
as<00:33:58.640><c> well</c><00:33:58.799><c> as</c><00:33:58.960><c> psychology</c><00:33:59.440><c> and</c><00:33:59.519><c> other</c><00:33:59.679><c> fields</c>

00:34:00.389 --> 00:34:00.399 align:start position:0%
as well as psychology and other fields
 

00:34:00.399 --> 00:34:02.630 align:start position:0%
as well as psychology and other fields
but<00:34:00.559><c> it's</c><00:34:00.720><c> also</c><00:34:01.159><c> interdisciplinary</c><00:34:02.480><c> the</c>

00:34:02.630 --> 00:34:02.640 align:start position:0%
but it's also interdisciplinary the
 

00:34:02.640 --> 00:34:04.630 align:start position:0%
but it's also interdisciplinary the
computer<00:34:03.039><c> science</c><00:34:03.519><c> affects</c><00:34:03.840><c> the</c><00:34:03.919><c> electronics</c>

00:34:04.630 --> 00:34:04.640 align:start position:0%
computer science affects the electronics
 

00:34:04.640 --> 00:34:05.909 align:start position:0%
computer science affects the electronics
i<00:34:04.799><c> have</c><00:34:04.880><c> to</c><00:34:04.960><c> make</c><00:34:05.200><c> trade-offs</c><00:34:05.600><c> between</c><00:34:05.840><c> the</c>

00:34:05.909 --> 00:34:05.919 align:start position:0%
i have to make trade-offs between the
 

00:34:05.919 --> 00:34:07.110 align:start position:0%
i have to make trade-offs between the
mechanical<00:34:06.240><c> engineering</c><00:34:06.640><c> the</c><00:34:06.720><c> computer</c>

00:34:07.110 --> 00:34:07.120 align:start position:0%
mechanical engineering the computer
 

00:34:07.120 --> 00:34:08.629 align:start position:0%
mechanical engineering the computer
science<00:34:07.440><c> and</c><00:34:07.519><c> so</c><00:34:07.760><c> forth</c><00:34:08.000><c> we</c><00:34:08.159><c> all</c><00:34:08.240><c> have</c><00:34:08.399><c> to</c><00:34:08.480><c> wear</c>

00:34:08.629 --> 00:34:08.639 align:start position:0%
science and so forth we all have to wear
 

00:34:08.639 --> 00:34:09.909 align:start position:0%
science and so forth we all have to wear
each<00:34:08.800><c> other's</c><00:34:09.040><c> hats</c><00:34:09.280><c> in</c><00:34:09.440><c> order</c><00:34:09.599><c> to</c><00:34:09.679><c> make</c><00:34:09.839><c> the</c>

00:34:09.909 --> 00:34:09.919 align:start position:0%
each other's hats in order to make the
 

00:34:09.919 --> 00:34:12.069 align:start position:0%
each other's hats in order to make the
robot<00:34:10.320><c> work</c>

00:34:12.069 --> 00:34:12.079 align:start position:0%
robot work
 

00:34:12.079 --> 00:34:13.589 align:start position:0%
robot work
and<00:34:12.240><c> what</c><00:34:12.399><c> have</c><00:34:12.480><c> been</c><00:34:12.639><c> some</c><00:34:12.800><c> of</c><00:34:12.879><c> the</c><00:34:13.119><c> sources</c>

00:34:13.589 --> 00:34:13.599 align:start position:0%
and what have been some of the sources
 

00:34:13.599 --> 00:34:15.589 align:start position:0%
and what have been some of the sources
of<00:34:13.760><c> funding</c><00:34:14.399><c> over</c><00:34:14.639><c> your</c><00:34:14.800><c> career</c>

00:34:15.589 --> 00:34:15.599 align:start position:0%
of funding over your career
 

00:34:15.599 --> 00:34:18.470 align:start position:0%
of funding over your career
for<00:34:15.760><c> your</c><00:34:15.919><c> research</c><00:34:17.119><c> well</c><00:34:17.440><c> first</c><00:34:18.000><c> it's</c><00:34:18.159><c> never</c>

00:34:18.470 --> 00:34:18.480 align:start position:0%
for your research well first it's never
 

00:34:18.480 --> 00:34:19.109 align:start position:0%
for your research well first it's never
enough

00:34:19.109 --> 00:34:19.119 align:start position:0%
enough
 

00:34:19.119 --> 00:34:22.710 align:start position:0%
enough
uh<00:34:20.960><c> so</c><00:34:21.119><c> i've</c><00:34:21.280><c> been</c><00:34:21.520><c> very</c><00:34:21.760><c> lucky</c>

00:34:22.710 --> 00:34:22.720 align:start position:0%
uh so i've been very lucky
 

00:34:22.720 --> 00:34:25.829 align:start position:0%
uh so i've been very lucky
to<00:34:23.119><c> have</c><00:34:24.159><c> attracted</c><00:34:24.800><c> funding</c>

00:34:25.829 --> 00:34:25.839 align:start position:0%
to have attracted funding
 

00:34:25.839 --> 00:34:28.550 align:start position:0%
to have attracted funding
from<00:34:26.159><c> the</c><00:34:26.320><c> national</c><00:34:26.720><c> science</c><00:34:27.119><c> foundation</c><00:34:28.399><c> the</c>

00:34:28.550 --> 00:34:28.560 align:start position:0%
from the national science foundation the
 

00:34:28.560 --> 00:34:30.790 align:start position:0%
from the national science foundation the
office<00:34:28.960><c> of</c><00:34:29.119><c> naval</c><00:34:29.520><c> research</c>

00:34:30.790 --> 00:34:30.800 align:start position:0%
office of naval research
 

00:34:30.800 --> 00:34:35.589 align:start position:0%
office of naval research
the<00:34:31.119><c> army</c><00:34:32.800><c> and</c><00:34:33.040><c> darpa</c>

00:34:35.589 --> 00:34:35.599 align:start position:0%
the army and darpa
 

00:34:35.599 --> 00:34:38.470 align:start position:0%
the army and darpa
i've<00:34:35.919><c> also</c><00:34:36.879><c> been</c><00:34:37.200><c> fortunate</c><00:34:37.839><c> to</c><00:34:38.079><c> receive</c>

00:34:38.470 --> 00:34:38.480 align:start position:0%
i've also been fortunate to receive
 

00:34:38.480 --> 00:34:39.750 align:start position:0%
i've also been fortunate to receive
funding<00:34:39.040><c> from</c>

00:34:39.750 --> 00:34:39.760 align:start position:0%
funding from
 

00:34:39.760 --> 00:34:43.349 align:start position:0%
funding from
industry<00:34:41.119><c> however</c><00:34:42.480><c> i</c><00:34:42.879><c> don't</c>

00:34:43.349 --> 00:34:43.359 align:start position:0%
industry however i don't
 

00:34:43.359 --> 00:34:46.149 align:start position:0%
industry however i don't
know<00:34:43.760><c> if</c><00:34:44.079><c> industry</c><00:34:44.720><c> wants</c><00:34:45.119><c> me</c><00:34:45.359><c> to</c><00:34:45.599><c> report</c>

00:34:46.149 --> 00:34:46.159 align:start position:0%
know if industry wants me to report
 

00:34:46.159 --> 00:34:46.710 align:start position:0%
know if industry wants me to report
where

00:34:46.710 --> 00:34:46.720 align:start position:0%
where
 

00:34:46.720 --> 00:34:49.190 align:start position:0%
where
my<00:34:46.960><c> funding</c><00:34:47.359><c> is</c><00:34:47.440><c> coming</c><00:34:47.839><c> from</c><00:34:48.720><c> so</c><00:34:48.879><c> out</c><00:34:49.040><c> of</c>

00:34:49.190 --> 00:34:49.200 align:start position:0%
my funding is coming from so out of
 

00:34:49.200 --> 00:34:50.310 align:start position:0%
my funding is coming from so out of
respect

00:34:50.310 --> 00:34:50.320 align:start position:0%
respect
 

00:34:50.320 --> 00:34:53.750 align:start position:0%
respect
i'll<00:34:50.560><c> just</c><00:34:50.720><c> say</c><00:34:51.040><c> industry</c><00:34:52.960><c> and</c>

00:34:53.750 --> 00:34:53.760 align:start position:0%
i'll just say industry and
 

00:34:53.760 --> 00:34:56.710 align:start position:0%
i'll just say industry and
are<00:34:53.839><c> there</c><00:34:54.240><c> differences</c><00:34:54.800><c> in</c><00:34:54.879><c> the</c><00:34:55.040><c> kinds</c><00:34:55.440><c> of</c><00:34:56.000><c> um</c>

00:34:56.710 --> 00:34:56.720 align:start position:0%
are there differences in the kinds of um
 

00:34:56.720 --> 00:34:58.790 align:start position:0%
are there differences in the kinds of um
the<00:34:56.879><c> work</c><00:34:57.200><c> or</c><00:34:57.599><c> the</c><00:34:57.920><c> ability</c><00:34:58.240><c> to</c><00:34:58.400><c> share</c>

00:34:58.790 --> 00:34:58.800 align:start position:0%
the work or the ability to share
 

00:34:58.800 --> 00:35:00.630 align:start position:0%
the work or the ability to share
the<00:34:59.200><c> results</c><00:34:59.599><c> of</c><00:34:59.760><c> your</c><00:34:59.839><c> research</c><00:35:00.240><c> depending</c>

00:35:00.630 --> 00:35:00.640 align:start position:0%
the results of your research depending
 

00:35:00.640 --> 00:35:04.390 align:start position:0%
the results of your research depending
on<00:35:00.720><c> where</c><00:35:00.960><c> the</c><00:35:01.200><c> funding</c><00:35:01.520><c> is</c><00:35:01.599><c> coming</c><00:35:01.920><c> from</c>

00:35:04.390 --> 00:35:04.400 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:35:04.400 --> 00:35:08.069 align:start position:0%
 
with<00:35:04.640><c> my</c><00:35:04.880><c> industrial</c><00:35:05.520><c> research</c>

00:35:08.069 --> 00:35:08.079 align:start position:0%
with my industrial research
 

00:35:08.079 --> 00:35:09.109 align:start position:0%
with my industrial research
actually<00:35:08.320><c> i'm</c><00:35:08.400><c> going</c><00:35:08.480><c> to</c><00:35:08.560><c> answer</c><00:35:08.800><c> a</c><00:35:08.880><c> different</c>

00:35:09.109 --> 00:35:09.119 align:start position:0%
actually i'm going to answer a different
 

00:35:09.119 --> 00:35:10.150 align:start position:0%
actually i'm going to answer a different
question<00:35:09.440><c> and</c><00:35:09.520><c> i'll</c><00:35:09.599><c> get</c><00:35:09.760><c> back</c><00:35:09.839><c> to</c><00:35:09.920><c> your</c>

00:35:10.150 --> 00:35:10.160 align:start position:0%
question and i'll get back to your
 

00:35:10.160 --> 00:35:11.829 align:start position:0%
question and i'll get back to your
question

00:35:11.829 --> 00:35:11.839 align:start position:0%
question
 

00:35:11.839 --> 00:35:15.270 align:start position:0%
question
in<00:35:12.240><c> all</c><00:35:13.440><c> the</c><00:35:13.760><c> projects</c><00:35:14.480><c> on</c><00:35:14.640><c> which</c><00:35:14.800><c> my</c><00:35:15.040><c> group</c>

00:35:15.270 --> 00:35:15.280 align:start position:0%
in all the projects on which my group
 

00:35:15.280 --> 00:35:16.390 align:start position:0%
in all the projects on which my group
works

00:35:16.390 --> 00:35:16.400 align:start position:0%
works
 

00:35:16.400 --> 00:35:18.150 align:start position:0%
works
we<00:35:16.640><c> always</c><00:35:17.040><c> work</c><00:35:17.200><c> with</c><00:35:17.359><c> a</c><00:35:17.440><c> stakeholder</c><00:35:18.079><c> in</c>

00:35:18.150 --> 00:35:18.160 align:start position:0%
we always work with a stakeholder in
 

00:35:18.160 --> 00:35:20.310 align:start position:0%
we always work with a stakeholder in
that<00:35:18.400><c> field</c><00:35:18.960><c> so</c><00:35:19.119><c> when</c><00:35:19.359><c> we're</c><00:35:19.520><c> doing</c>

00:35:20.310 --> 00:35:20.320 align:start position:0%
that field so when we're doing
 

00:35:20.320 --> 00:35:22.310 align:start position:0%
that field so when we're doing
our<00:35:20.560><c> medical</c><00:35:20.880><c> robotics</c><00:35:21.440><c> marco</c><00:35:21.680><c> zanati</c><00:35:22.160><c> with</c><00:35:22.240><c> a</c>

00:35:22.310 --> 00:35:22.320 align:start position:0%
our medical robotics marco zanati with a
 

00:35:22.320 --> 00:35:23.589 align:start position:0%
our medical robotics marco zanati with a
cardiac<00:35:22.800><c> surgeon</c>

00:35:23.589 --> 00:35:23.599 align:start position:0%
cardiac surgeon
 

00:35:23.599 --> 00:35:25.109 align:start position:0%
cardiac surgeon
when<00:35:23.760><c> we</c><00:35:23.839><c> were</c><00:35:24.000><c> doing</c><00:35:24.240><c> search</c><00:35:24.560><c> and</c><00:35:24.640><c> rescue</c>

00:35:25.109 --> 00:35:25.119 align:start position:0%
when we were doing search and rescue
 

00:35:25.119 --> 00:35:26.790 align:start position:0%
when we were doing search and rescue
robin<00:35:25.440><c> murphy</c><00:35:26.320><c> who's</c>

00:35:26.790 --> 00:35:26.800 align:start position:0%
robin murphy who's
 

00:35:26.800 --> 00:35:28.790 align:start position:0%
robin murphy who's
a<00:35:26.880><c> roboticist</c><00:35:27.599><c> but</c><00:35:27.760><c> also</c><00:35:28.000><c> sam</c><00:35:28.320><c> stover</c><00:35:28.720><c> a</c>

00:35:28.790 --> 00:35:28.800 align:start position:0%
a roboticist but also sam stover a
 

00:35:28.800 --> 00:35:29.990 align:start position:0%
a roboticist but also sam stover a
rescue<00:35:29.119><c> worker</c>

00:35:29.990 --> 00:35:30.000 align:start position:0%
rescue worker
 

00:35:30.000 --> 00:35:31.430 align:start position:0%
rescue worker
you<00:35:30.160><c> know</c><00:35:30.240><c> one</c><00:35:30.400><c> of</c><00:35:30.480><c> them</c><00:35:30.640><c> is</c><00:35:30.720><c> one</c><00:35:30.880><c> of</c><00:35:30.960><c> us</c><00:35:31.119><c> one</c><00:35:31.280><c> of</c>

00:35:31.430 --> 00:35:31.440 align:start position:0%
you know one of them is one of us one of
 

00:35:31.440 --> 00:35:33.990 align:start position:0%
you know one of them is one of us one of
us<00:35:31.520><c> is</c><00:35:31.680><c> one</c><00:35:31.839><c> of</c><00:35:31.920><c> them</c><00:35:32.720><c> when</c><00:35:32.960><c> we're</c><00:35:33.280><c> doing</c><00:35:33.839><c> when</c>

00:35:33.990 --> 00:35:34.000 align:start position:0%
us is one of them when we're doing when
 

00:35:34.000 --> 00:35:35.670 align:start position:0%
us is one of them when we're doing when
we<00:35:34.079><c> used</c><00:35:34.240><c> to</c><00:35:34.320><c> do</c><00:35:34.560><c> car</c><00:35:34.880><c> painting</c>

00:35:35.670 --> 00:35:35.680 align:start position:0%
we used to do car painting
 

00:35:35.680 --> 00:35:38.870 align:start position:0%
we used to do car painting
we<00:35:35.839><c> had</c><00:35:36.079><c> jake</c><00:35:36.320><c> brasslaw</c><00:35:36.960><c> from</c><00:35:37.280><c> ford</c><00:35:38.480><c> again</c>

00:35:38.870 --> 00:35:38.880 align:start position:0%
we had jake brasslaw from ford again
 

00:35:38.880 --> 00:35:40.310 align:start position:0%
we had jake brasslaw from ford again
he's<00:35:39.200><c> worked</c><00:35:39.440><c> with</c><00:35:39.599><c> us</c><00:35:39.839><c> non</c>

00:35:40.310 --> 00:35:40.320 align:start position:0%
he's worked with us non
 

00:35:40.320 --> 00:35:43.990 align:start position:0%
he's worked with us non
non-non-stop<00:35:42.240><c> so</c><00:35:43.040><c> i</c><00:35:43.200><c> have</c><00:35:43.440><c> this</c>

00:35:43.990 --> 00:35:44.000 align:start position:0%
non-non-stop so i have this
 

00:35:44.000 --> 00:35:46.150 align:start position:0%
non-non-stop so i have this
i've<00:35:44.240><c> been</c><00:35:44.400><c> very</c><00:35:44.640><c> lucky</c><00:35:45.119><c> to</c><00:35:45.359><c> have</c><00:35:45.520><c> attracted</c>

00:35:46.150 --> 00:35:46.160 align:start position:0%
i've been very lucky to have attracted
 

00:35:46.160 --> 00:35:47.510 align:start position:0%
i've been very lucky to have attracted
collaborators

00:35:47.510 --> 00:35:47.520 align:start position:0%
collaborators
 

00:35:47.520 --> 00:35:49.589 align:start position:0%
collaborators
who<00:35:48.000><c> were</c><00:35:48.240><c> very</c><00:35:48.480><c> aggressive</c><00:35:49.119><c> in</c><00:35:49.200><c> getting</c><00:35:49.440><c> me</c>

00:35:49.589 --> 00:35:49.599 align:start position:0%
who were very aggressive in getting me
 

00:35:49.599 --> 00:35:51.030 align:start position:0%
who were very aggressive in getting me
into<00:35:49.839><c> their</c><00:35:50.079><c> worlds</c>

00:35:51.030 --> 00:35:51.040 align:start position:0%
into their worlds
 

00:35:51.040 --> 00:35:53.270 align:start position:0%
into their worlds
and<00:35:51.599><c> very</c><00:35:51.920><c> willing</c><00:35:52.320><c> to</c><00:35:52.480><c> come</c><00:35:52.800><c> sit</c><00:35:52.960><c> and</c><00:35:53.040><c> hang</c>

00:35:53.270 --> 00:35:53.280 align:start position:0%
and very willing to come sit and hang
 

00:35:53.280 --> 00:35:54.950 align:start position:0%
and very willing to come sit and hang
out<00:35:53.440><c> in</c><00:35:53.599><c> my</c><00:35:53.839><c> world</c>

00:35:54.950 --> 00:35:54.960 align:start position:0%
out in my world
 

00:35:54.960 --> 00:35:57.829 align:start position:0%
out in my world
and<00:35:55.200><c> because</c><00:35:55.680><c> of</c><00:35:55.839><c> that</c><00:35:56.480><c> we</c><00:35:56.720><c> end</c><00:35:56.960><c> up</c><00:35:57.119><c> developing</c>

00:35:57.829 --> 00:35:57.839 align:start position:0%
and because of that we end up developing
 

00:35:57.839 --> 00:35:59.510 align:start position:0%
and because of that we end up developing
joint<00:35:58.160><c> results</c>

00:35:59.510 --> 00:35:59.520 align:start position:0%
joint results
 

00:35:59.520 --> 00:36:03.030 align:start position:0%
joint results
joint<00:35:59.839><c> results</c><00:36:00.720><c> lead</c><00:36:00.960><c> to</c><00:36:01.200><c> joint</c><00:36:01.599><c> publications</c>

00:36:03.030 --> 00:36:03.040 align:start position:0%
joint results lead to joint publications
 

00:36:03.040 --> 00:36:06.069 align:start position:0%
joint results lead to joint publications
so<00:36:03.680><c> using</c><00:36:04.079><c> industry</c><00:36:04.640><c> as</c><00:36:04.800><c> an</c><00:36:04.960><c> example</c>

00:36:06.069 --> 00:36:06.079 align:start position:0%
so using industry as an example
 

00:36:06.079 --> 00:36:09.589 align:start position:0%
so using industry as an example
i<00:36:06.320><c> have</c><00:36:06.720><c> co-authors</c><00:36:07.920><c> who</c><00:36:08.320><c> are</c><00:36:08.720><c> my</c><00:36:08.960><c> industrial</c>

00:36:09.589 --> 00:36:09.599 align:start position:0%
i have co-authors who are my industrial
 

00:36:09.599 --> 00:36:10.790 align:start position:0%
i have co-authors who are my industrial
collaborators

00:36:10.790 --> 00:36:10.800 align:start position:0%
collaborators
 

00:36:10.800 --> 00:36:13.349 align:start position:0%
collaborators
since<00:36:11.040><c> they're</c><00:36:11.359><c> co-authors</c><00:36:12.640><c> they</c><00:36:12.880><c> have</c><00:36:13.040><c> to</c><00:36:13.200><c> go</c>

00:36:13.349 --> 00:36:13.359 align:start position:0%
since they're co-authors they have to go
 

00:36:13.359 --> 00:36:15.430 align:start position:0%
since they're co-authors they have to go
through<00:36:13.599><c> whatever</c><00:36:14.240><c> process</c><00:36:14.640><c> they</c><00:36:14.800><c> have</c><00:36:14.960><c> to</c><00:36:15.200><c> go</c>

00:36:15.430 --> 00:36:15.440 align:start position:0%
through whatever process they have to go
 

00:36:15.440 --> 00:36:15.829 align:start position:0%
through whatever process they have to go
through

00:36:15.829 --> 00:36:15.839 align:start position:0%
through
 

00:36:15.839 --> 00:36:18.069 align:start position:0%
through
in<00:36:15.920><c> order</c><00:36:16.160><c> for</c><00:36:16.320><c> the</c><00:36:16.400><c> paper</c><00:36:16.720><c> to</c><00:36:16.880><c> be</c><00:36:17.119><c> published</c>

00:36:18.069 --> 00:36:18.079 align:start position:0%
in order for the paper to be published
 

00:36:18.079 --> 00:36:18.870 align:start position:0%
in order for the paper to be published
so

00:36:18.870 --> 00:36:18.880 align:start position:0%
so
 

00:36:18.880 --> 00:36:21.349 align:start position:0%
so
that<00:36:19.200><c> is</c><00:36:19.440><c> the</c><00:36:19.599><c> only</c><00:36:20.400><c> hoop</c><00:36:20.800><c> through</c><00:36:21.040><c> which</c><00:36:21.280><c> i</c>

00:36:21.349 --> 00:36:21.359 align:start position:0%
that is the only hoop through which i
 

00:36:21.359 --> 00:36:22.150 align:start position:0%
that is the only hoop through which i
have<00:36:21.520><c> to</c><00:36:21.760><c> pass</c>

00:36:22.150 --> 00:36:22.160 align:start position:0%
have to pass
 

00:36:22.160 --> 00:36:23.510 align:start position:0%
have to pass
and<00:36:22.320><c> i've</c><00:36:22.560><c> never</c><00:36:22.720><c> had</c><00:36:22.880><c> a</c><00:36:22.960><c> problem</c><00:36:23.280><c> passing</c>

00:36:23.510 --> 00:36:23.520 align:start position:0%
and i've never had a problem passing
 

00:36:23.520 --> 00:36:25.589 align:start position:0%
and i've never had a problem passing
through<00:36:23.680><c> that</c><00:36:23.839><c> hoop</c>

00:36:25.589 --> 00:36:25.599 align:start position:0%
through that hoop
 

00:36:25.599 --> 00:36:28.390 align:start position:0%
through that hoop
um<00:36:26.079><c> and</c><00:36:26.800><c> medical</c><00:36:27.200><c> robotics</c><00:36:27.760><c> is</c><00:36:27.839><c> becoming</c><00:36:28.240><c> an</c>

00:36:28.390 --> 00:36:28.400 align:start position:0%
um and medical robotics is becoming an
 

00:36:28.400 --> 00:36:29.270 align:start position:0%
um and medical robotics is becoming an
increasingly

00:36:29.270 --> 00:36:29.280 align:start position:0%
increasingly
 

00:36:29.280 --> 00:36:32.710 align:start position:0%
increasingly
um<00:36:29.760><c> hot</c><00:36:30.000><c> topic</c><00:36:30.640><c> and</c><00:36:31.040><c> uh</c><00:36:31.520><c> emerging</c><00:36:32.000><c> area</c>

00:36:32.710 --> 00:36:32.720 align:start position:0%
um hot topic and uh emerging area
 

00:36:32.720 --> 00:36:35.430 align:start position:0%
um hot topic and uh emerging area
how<00:36:33.119><c> how</c><00:36:33.280><c> do</c><00:36:33.440><c> you</c><00:36:34.000><c> having</c><00:36:34.320><c> been</c><00:36:34.880><c> in</c><00:36:34.960><c> the</c><00:36:35.119><c> area</c>

00:36:35.430 --> 00:36:35.440 align:start position:0%
how how do you having been in the area
 

00:36:35.440 --> 00:36:37.109 align:start position:0%
how how do you having been in the area
for<00:36:35.599><c> a</c><00:36:35.680><c> long</c><00:36:36.000><c> period</c><00:36:36.400><c> how</c><00:36:36.560><c> do</c><00:36:36.720><c> you</c><00:36:36.800><c> see</c><00:36:36.960><c> the</c>

00:36:37.109 --> 00:36:37.119 align:start position:0%
for a long period how do you see the
 

00:36:37.119 --> 00:36:39.270 align:start position:0%
for a long period how do you see the
kind<00:36:37.280><c> of</c><00:36:37.359><c> historical</c><00:36:38.000><c> trajectory</c><00:36:38.720><c> of</c>

00:36:39.270 --> 00:36:39.280 align:start position:0%
kind of historical trajectory of
 

00:36:39.280 --> 00:36:43.990 align:start position:0%
kind of historical trajectory of
medical<00:36:39.760><c> robotics</c><00:36:40.480><c> over</c><00:36:40.720><c> your</c><00:36:40.880><c> career</c>

00:36:43.990 --> 00:36:44.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:36:44.000 --> 00:36:47.190 align:start position:0%
 
i<00:36:44.400><c> believe</c><00:36:45.680><c> the</c><00:36:46.160><c> futuristic</c>

00:36:47.190 --> 00:36:47.200 align:start position:0%
i believe the futuristic
 

00:36:47.200 --> 00:36:49.829 align:start position:0%
i believe the futuristic
medical<00:36:47.680><c> robot</c><00:36:48.720><c> isn't</c><00:36:49.040><c> going</c><00:36:49.200><c> to</c><00:36:49.280><c> look</c><00:36:49.520><c> like</c><00:36:49.680><c> a</c>

00:36:49.829 --> 00:36:49.839 align:start position:0%
medical robot isn't going to look like a
 

00:36:49.839 --> 00:36:51.510 align:start position:0%
medical robot isn't going to look like a
robot

00:36:51.510 --> 00:36:51.520 align:start position:0%
robot
 

00:36:51.520 --> 00:36:54.230 align:start position:0%
robot
right<00:36:51.839><c> now</c><00:36:52.720><c> we</c><00:36:52.960><c> have</c><00:36:53.119><c> this</c><00:36:53.359><c> notion</c><00:36:53.680><c> of</c><00:36:53.920><c> using</c>

00:36:54.230 --> 00:36:54.240 align:start position:0%
right now we have this notion of using
 

00:36:54.240 --> 00:36:56.150 align:start position:0%
right now we have this notion of using
conventional<00:36:54.800><c> robots</c><00:36:55.200><c> robot</c><00:36:55.599><c> arms</c>

00:36:56.150 --> 00:36:56.160 align:start position:0%
conventional robots robot arms
 

00:36:56.160 --> 00:36:59.430 align:start position:0%
conventional robots robot arms
navy<00:36:56.480><c> robot</c><00:36:56.880><c> snakes</c><00:36:58.160><c> converting</c><00:36:58.640><c> them</c><00:36:59.040><c> into</c>

00:36:59.430 --> 00:36:59.440 align:start position:0%
navy robot snakes converting them into
 

00:36:59.440 --> 00:37:01.990 align:start position:0%
navy robot snakes converting them into
something<00:36:59.680><c> that's</c><00:37:00.000><c> of</c><00:37:00.160><c> medical</c><00:37:00.640><c> use</c>

00:37:01.990 --> 00:37:02.000 align:start position:0%
something that's of medical use
 

00:37:02.000 --> 00:37:05.670 align:start position:0%
something that's of medical use
and<00:37:02.160><c> then</c><00:37:02.800><c> going</c><00:37:03.119><c> from</c><00:37:03.280><c> there</c><00:37:04.640><c> i</c><00:37:04.880><c> believe</c>

00:37:05.670 --> 00:37:05.680 align:start position:0%
and then going from there i believe
 

00:37:05.680 --> 00:37:07.829 align:start position:0%
and then going from there i believe
what<00:37:05.920><c> we're</c><00:37:06.160><c> going</c><00:37:06.400><c> to</c><00:37:06.560><c> do</c><00:37:07.280><c> is</c><00:37:07.440><c> we're</c><00:37:07.599><c> going</c><00:37:07.680><c> to</c>

00:37:07.829 --> 00:37:07.839 align:start position:0%
what we're going to do is we're going to
 

00:37:07.839 --> 00:37:10.230 align:start position:0%
what we're going to do is we're going to
see<00:37:08.240><c> more</c><00:37:08.560><c> implements</c><00:37:09.119><c> more</c><00:37:09.440><c> tools</c><00:37:09.920><c> become</c>

00:37:10.230 --> 00:37:10.240 align:start position:0%
see more implements more tools become
 

00:37:10.240 --> 00:37:12.870 align:start position:0%
see more implements more tools become
roboticized<00:37:11.040><c> become</c><00:37:11.280><c> more</c><00:37:11.520><c> intelligent</c>

00:37:12.870 --> 00:37:12.880 align:start position:0%
roboticized become more intelligent
 

00:37:12.880 --> 00:37:15.030 align:start position:0%
roboticized become more intelligent
and<00:37:13.040><c> what</c><00:37:13.280><c> this</c><00:37:13.520><c> is</c><00:37:13.680><c> going</c><00:37:13.920><c> to</c><00:37:14.079><c> do</c><00:37:14.720><c> is</c><00:37:14.960><c> it's</c>

00:37:15.030 --> 00:37:15.040 align:start position:0%
and what this is going to do is it's
 

00:37:15.040 --> 00:37:16.230 align:start position:0%
and what this is going to do is it's
going<00:37:15.200><c> to</c><00:37:15.359><c> offload</c>

00:37:16.230 --> 00:37:16.240 align:start position:0%
going to offload
 

00:37:16.240 --> 00:37:19.190 align:start position:0%
going to offload
a<00:37:16.480><c> lot</c><00:37:16.640><c> of</c><00:37:16.800><c> the</c><00:37:17.040><c> burden</c><00:37:17.920><c> from</c><00:37:18.240><c> surgeons</c><00:37:19.040><c> to</c>

00:37:19.190 --> 00:37:19.200 align:start position:0%
a lot of the burden from surgeons to
 

00:37:19.200 --> 00:37:20.950 align:start position:0%
a lot of the burden from surgeons to
perform<00:37:19.839><c> procedures</c>

00:37:20.950 --> 00:37:20.960 align:start position:0%
perform procedures
 

00:37:20.960 --> 00:37:22.950 align:start position:0%
perform procedures
and<00:37:21.119><c> we're</c><00:37:21.280><c> seeing</c><00:37:21.520><c> this</c><00:37:21.760><c> trend</c><00:37:22.079><c> already</c><00:37:22.720><c> take</c>

00:37:22.950 --> 00:37:22.960 align:start position:0%
and we're seeing this trend already take
 

00:37:22.960 --> 00:37:24.470 align:start position:0%
and we're seeing this trend already take
for<00:37:23.119><c> example</c><00:37:23.760><c> if</c>

00:37:24.470 --> 00:37:24.480 align:start position:0%
for example if
 

00:37:24.480 --> 00:37:27.030 align:start position:0%
for example if
40<00:37:24.800><c> years</c><00:37:25.040><c> ago</c><00:37:26.000><c> if</c><00:37:26.160><c> you</c><00:37:26.320><c> had</c><00:37:26.560><c> something</c><00:37:26.800><c> wrong</c>

00:37:27.030 --> 00:37:27.040 align:start position:0%
40 years ago if you had something wrong
 

00:37:27.040 --> 00:37:28.630 align:start position:0%
40 years ago if you had something wrong
with<00:37:27.119><c> your</c><00:37:27.280><c> large</c><00:37:27.599><c> intestines</c>

00:37:28.630 --> 00:37:28.640 align:start position:0%
with your large intestines
 

00:37:28.640 --> 00:37:30.710 align:start position:0%
with your large intestines
you<00:37:28.880><c> underwent</c><00:37:29.440><c> surgery</c><00:37:30.240><c> they</c><00:37:30.400><c> looked</c><00:37:30.640><c> at</c>

00:37:30.710 --> 00:37:30.720 align:start position:0%
you underwent surgery they looked at
 

00:37:30.720 --> 00:37:32.390 align:start position:0%
you underwent surgery they looked at
your<00:37:30.800><c> large</c><00:37:31.119><c> intestines</c><00:37:31.680><c> and</c><00:37:31.760><c> said</c>

00:37:32.390 --> 00:37:32.400 align:start position:0%
your large intestines and said
 

00:37:32.400 --> 00:37:34.150 align:start position:0%
your large intestines and said
hey<00:37:32.720><c> you</c><00:37:32.800><c> have</c><00:37:32.960><c> this</c><00:37:33.119><c> terrible</c><00:37:33.520><c> inflammation</c>

00:37:34.150 --> 00:37:34.160 align:start position:0%
hey you have this terrible inflammation
 

00:37:34.160 --> 00:37:35.750 align:start position:0%
hey you have this terrible inflammation
it's<00:37:34.320><c> crohn's</c><00:37:34.640><c> disease</c><00:37:34.960><c> it's</c><00:37:35.119><c> colitis</c><00:37:35.520><c> here's</c>

00:37:35.750 --> 00:37:35.760 align:start position:0%
it's crohn's disease it's colitis here's
 

00:37:35.760 --> 00:37:37.910 align:start position:0%
it's crohn's disease it's colitis here's
your<00:37:35.920><c> prednisone</c><00:37:36.480><c> and</c><00:37:36.560><c> off</c><00:37:36.720><c> you</c><00:37:36.880><c> go</c>

00:37:37.910 --> 00:37:37.920 align:start position:0%
your prednisone and off you go
 

00:37:37.920 --> 00:37:40.870 align:start position:0%
your prednisone and off you go
today<00:37:38.720><c> you</c><00:37:38.880><c> have</c><00:37:38.960><c> a</c><00:37:39.040><c> colonoscopy</c><00:37:40.560><c> a</c>

00:37:40.870 --> 00:37:40.880 align:start position:0%
today you have a colonoscopy a
 

00:37:40.880 --> 00:37:42.230 align:start position:0%
today you have a colonoscopy a
non-surgeon

00:37:42.230 --> 00:37:42.240 align:start position:0%
non-surgeon
 

00:37:42.240 --> 00:37:44.870 align:start position:0%
non-surgeon
performs<00:37:42.800><c> the</c><00:37:42.960><c> procedure</c><00:37:43.920><c> a</c><00:37:44.079><c> non-surgeon</c>

00:37:44.870 --> 00:37:44.880 align:start position:0%
performs the procedure a non-surgeon
 

00:37:44.880 --> 00:37:46.870 align:start position:0%
performs the procedure a non-surgeon
performs<00:37:45.280><c> a</c><00:37:45.359><c> minimally</c><00:37:45.760><c> invasive</c><00:37:46.400><c> seizure</c>

00:37:46.870 --> 00:37:46.880 align:start position:0%
performs a minimally invasive seizure
 

00:37:46.880 --> 00:37:50.150 align:start position:0%
performs a minimally invasive seizure
in<00:37:46.960><c> fact</c><00:37:47.119><c> colonoscopy</c><00:37:48.320><c> is</c><00:37:48.560><c> so</c><00:37:49.599><c> in</c><00:37:49.760><c> fact</c>

00:37:50.150 --> 00:37:50.160 align:start position:0%
in fact colonoscopy is so in fact
 

00:37:50.160 --> 00:37:51.990 align:start position:0%
in fact colonoscopy is so in fact
in<00:37:50.240><c> fact</c><00:37:50.480><c> colonoscopy</c><00:37:51.280><c> is</c><00:37:51.359><c> so</c><00:37:51.599><c> minimally</c>

00:37:51.990 --> 00:37:52.000 align:start position:0%
in fact colonoscopy is so minimally
 

00:37:52.000 --> 00:37:53.910 align:start position:0%
in fact colonoscopy is so minimally
invasive<00:37:52.400><c> and</c><00:37:52.480><c> so</c><00:37:52.720><c> low-cost</c><00:37:53.280><c> it's</c><00:37:53.440><c> now</c><00:37:53.680><c> become</c>

00:37:53.910 --> 00:37:53.920 align:start position:0%
invasive and so low-cost it's now become
 

00:37:53.920 --> 00:37:55.109 align:start position:0%
invasive and so low-cost it's now become
a<00:37:54.000><c> diagnostic</c>

00:37:55.109 --> 00:37:55.119 align:start position:0%
a diagnostic
 

00:37:55.119 --> 00:37:58.670 align:start position:0%
a diagnostic
not<00:37:55.280><c> just</c><00:37:55.440><c> a</c><00:37:55.520><c> therapeutic</c><00:37:56.240><c> tool</c><00:37:57.200><c> and</c><00:37:58.000><c> we</c><00:37:58.160><c> have</c>

00:37:58.670 --> 00:37:58.680 align:start position:0%
not just a therapeutic tool and we have
 

00:37:58.680 --> 00:37:59.829 align:start position:0%
not just a therapeutic tool and we have
non-surgeons

00:37:59.829 --> 00:37:59.839 align:start position:0%
non-surgeons
 

00:37:59.839 --> 00:38:02.150 align:start position:0%
non-surgeons
performing<00:38:00.720><c> the</c><00:38:00.880><c> colonoscopy</c><00:38:01.760><c> in</c><00:38:01.839><c> fact</c><00:38:02.079><c> we</c>

00:38:02.150 --> 00:38:02.160 align:start position:0%
performing the colonoscopy in fact we
 

00:38:02.160 --> 00:38:03.510 align:start position:0%
performing the colonoscopy in fact we
now<00:38:02.320><c> have</c><00:38:02.480><c> medical</c><00:38:02.800><c> students</c><00:38:03.119><c> performing</c>

00:38:03.510 --> 00:38:03.520 align:start position:0%
now have medical students performing
 

00:38:03.520 --> 00:38:05.030 align:start position:0%
now have medical students performing
colonoscopy

00:38:05.030 --> 00:38:05.040 align:start position:0%
colonoscopy
 

00:38:05.040 --> 00:38:09.349 align:start position:0%
colonoscopy
so<00:38:05.280><c> i</c><00:38:05.520><c> see</c><00:38:05.760><c> a</c><00:38:06.000><c> trend</c><00:38:06.880><c> in</c><00:38:07.040><c> where</c><00:38:07.920><c> more</c>

00:38:09.349 --> 00:38:09.359 align:start position:0%
so i see a trend in where more
 

00:38:09.359 --> 00:38:12.230 align:start position:0%
so i see a trend in where more
specialists<00:38:10.560><c> people</c><00:38:10.880><c> who</c><00:38:11.040><c> have</c><00:38:11.520><c> not</c><00:38:11.839><c> had</c><00:38:12.079><c> the</c>

00:38:12.230 --> 00:38:12.240 align:start position:0%
specialists people who have not had the
 

00:38:12.240 --> 00:38:12.630 align:start position:0%
specialists people who have not had the
same

00:38:12.630 --> 00:38:12.640 align:start position:0%
same
 

00:38:12.640 --> 00:38:15.109 align:start position:0%
same
access<00:38:13.119><c> to</c><00:38:13.440><c> resources</c><00:38:14.079><c> and</c><00:38:14.160><c> perhaps</c><00:38:14.720><c> medical</c>

00:38:15.109 --> 00:38:15.119 align:start position:0%
access to resources and perhaps medical
 

00:38:15.119 --> 00:38:16.069 align:start position:0%
access to resources and perhaps medical
training

00:38:16.069 --> 00:38:16.079 align:start position:0%
training
 

00:38:16.079 --> 00:38:18.710 align:start position:0%
training
being<00:38:16.480><c> able</c><00:38:16.800><c> to</c><00:38:17.040><c> perform</c><00:38:17.680><c> what</c><00:38:18.000><c> was</c><00:38:18.320><c> once</c>

00:38:18.710 --> 00:38:18.720 align:start position:0%
being able to perform what was once
 

00:38:18.720 --> 00:38:20.310 align:start position:0%
being able to perform what was once
surgical<00:38:19.200><c> level</c><00:38:19.599><c> care</c>

00:38:20.310 --> 00:38:20.320 align:start position:0%
surgical level care
 

00:38:20.320 --> 00:38:22.950 align:start position:0%
surgical level care
but<00:38:20.640><c> outside</c><00:38:21.440><c> of</c><00:38:21.599><c> the</c><00:38:21.760><c> centers</c><00:38:22.079><c> of</c><00:38:22.160><c> metal</c>

00:38:22.950 --> 00:38:22.960 align:start position:0%
but outside of the centers of metal
 

00:38:22.960 --> 00:38:24.150 align:start position:0%
but outside of the centers of metal
medical<00:38:23.280><c> excellence</c>

00:38:24.150 --> 00:38:24.160 align:start position:0%
medical excellence
 

00:38:24.160 --> 00:38:26.630 align:start position:0%
medical excellence
in<00:38:24.320><c> regional</c><00:38:24.800><c> hospitals</c><00:38:25.680><c> in</c><00:38:25.920><c> office</c><00:38:26.240><c> visits</c>

00:38:26.630 --> 00:38:26.640 align:start position:0%
in regional hospitals in office visits
 

00:38:26.640 --> 00:38:28.710 align:start position:0%
in regional hospitals in office visits
even<00:38:26.960><c> in</c><00:38:27.040><c> the</c><00:38:27.200><c> field</c>

00:38:28.710 --> 00:38:28.720 align:start position:0%
even in the field
 

00:38:28.720 --> 00:38:30.870 align:start position:0%
even in the field
and<00:38:29.440><c> these</c><00:38:29.680><c> procedures</c><00:38:30.480><c> are</c><00:38:30.560><c> going</c><00:38:30.720><c> to</c><00:38:30.800><c> be</c>

00:38:30.870 --> 00:38:30.880 align:start position:0%
and these procedures are going to be
 

00:38:30.880 --> 00:38:33.670 align:start position:0%
and these procedures are going to be
done<00:38:31.200><c> by</c><00:38:31.520><c> more</c><00:38:31.760><c> intelligent</c><00:38:32.320><c> tools</c>

00:38:33.670 --> 00:38:33.680 align:start position:0%
done by more intelligent tools
 

00:38:33.680 --> 00:38:37.349 align:start position:0%
done by more intelligent tools
but<00:38:34.480><c> by</c><00:38:35.200><c> med</c><00:38:35.440><c> techs</c><00:38:36.240><c> physicians</c>

00:38:37.349 --> 00:38:37.359 align:start position:0%
but by med techs physicians
 

00:38:37.359 --> 00:38:40.950 align:start position:0%
but by med techs physicians
specialists<00:38:39.200><c> where</c><00:38:39.440><c> i</c><00:38:39.599><c> think</c><00:38:39.920><c> surgeons</c>

00:38:40.950 --> 00:38:40.960 align:start position:0%
specialists where i think surgeons
 

00:38:40.960 --> 00:38:42.550 align:start position:0%
specialists where i think surgeons
are<00:38:41.280><c> going</c><00:38:41.440><c> to</c><00:38:41.520><c> have</c><00:38:41.680><c> a</c><00:38:41.839><c> role</c><00:38:42.079><c> because</c><00:38:42.320><c> we're</c>

00:38:42.550 --> 00:38:42.560 align:start position:0%
are going to have a role because we're
 

00:38:42.560 --> 00:38:44.310 align:start position:0%
are going to have a role because we're
always<00:38:42.880><c> going</c><00:38:43.040><c> to</c><00:38:43.119><c> need</c><00:38:43.359><c> surgeons</c>

00:38:44.310 --> 00:38:44.320 align:start position:0%
always going to need surgeons
 

00:38:44.320 --> 00:38:46.870 align:start position:0%
always going to need surgeons
is<00:38:44.480><c> they're</c><00:38:44.640><c> going</c><00:38:44.720><c> to</c><00:38:44.880><c> do</c><00:38:45.760><c> the</c><00:38:45.920><c> more</c><00:38:46.240><c> complex</c>

00:38:46.870 --> 00:38:46.880 align:start position:0%
is they're going to do the more complex
 

00:38:46.880 --> 00:38:48.069 align:start position:0%
is they're going to do the more complex
procedures

00:38:48.069 --> 00:38:48.079 align:start position:0%
procedures
 

00:38:48.079 --> 00:38:50.710 align:start position:0%
procedures
and<00:38:48.960><c> i</c><00:38:49.200><c> envision</c><00:38:49.680><c> that</c><00:38:49.920><c> surgeons</c><00:38:50.560><c> and</c>

00:38:50.710 --> 00:38:50.720 align:start position:0%
and i envision that surgeons and
 

00:38:50.720 --> 00:38:51.750 align:start position:0%
and i envision that surgeons and
specialists

00:38:51.750 --> 00:38:51.760 align:start position:0%
specialists
 

00:38:51.760 --> 00:38:53.190 align:start position:0%
specialists
are<00:38:51.920><c> going</c><00:38:52.000><c> to</c><00:38:52.160><c> form</c><00:38:52.560><c> new</c><00:38:52.720><c> ways</c><00:38:53.040><c> to</c>

00:38:53.190 --> 00:38:53.200 align:start position:0%
are going to form new ways to
 

00:38:53.200 --> 00:38:55.829 align:start position:0%
are going to form new ways to
collaborate<00:38:54.320><c> to</c><00:38:54.560><c> invent</c><00:38:55.040><c> a</c><00:38:55.119><c> whole</c><00:38:55.440><c> host</c><00:38:55.680><c> of</c>

00:38:55.829 --> 00:38:55.839 align:start position:0%
collaborate to invent a whole host of
 

00:38:55.839 --> 00:38:56.870 align:start position:0%
collaborate to invent a whole host of
therapies

00:38:56.870 --> 00:38:56.880 align:start position:0%
therapies
 

00:38:56.880 --> 00:38:59.589 align:start position:0%
therapies
otherwise<00:38:57.760><c> we</c><00:38:57.920><c> couldn't</c><00:38:58.320><c> get</c><00:38:59.040><c> so</c><00:38:59.280><c> it</c><00:38:59.440><c> will</c>

00:38:59.589 --> 00:38:59.599 align:start position:0%
otherwise we couldn't get so it will
 

00:38:59.599 --> 00:39:00.710 align:start position:0%
otherwise we couldn't get so it will
have<00:38:59.760><c> the</c>

00:39:00.710 --> 00:39:00.720 align:start position:0%
have the
 

00:39:00.720 --> 00:39:02.390 align:start position:0%
have the
benefit<00:39:01.119><c> of</c><00:39:01.200><c> a</c><00:39:01.280><c> surgeon</c><00:39:01.920><c> but</c><00:39:02.079><c> with</c><00:39:02.240><c> the</c>

00:39:02.390 --> 00:39:02.400 align:start position:0%
benefit of a surgeon but with the
 

00:39:02.400 --> 00:39:05.750 align:start position:0%
benefit of a surgeon but with the
invasiveness<00:39:03.119><c> of</c><00:39:03.200><c> a</c><00:39:03.359><c> specialist</c>

00:39:05.750 --> 00:39:05.760 align:start position:0%
invasiveness of a specialist
 

00:39:05.760 --> 00:39:08.710 align:start position:0%
invasiveness of a specialist
so<00:39:06.000><c> in</c><00:39:06.079><c> terms</c><00:39:06.480><c> of</c><00:39:07.119><c> the</c><00:39:07.359><c> uh</c><00:39:07.680><c> the</c><00:39:07.920><c> research</c><00:39:08.400><c> side</c>

00:39:08.710 --> 00:39:08.720 align:start position:0%
so in terms of the uh the research side
 

00:39:08.720 --> 00:39:09.910 align:start position:0%
so in terms of the uh the research side
of<00:39:09.200><c> medical</c>

00:39:09.910 --> 00:39:09.920 align:start position:0%
of medical
 

00:39:09.920 --> 00:39:13.190 align:start position:0%
of medical
robotics<00:39:11.440><c> have</c><00:39:11.680><c> you</c><00:39:11.920><c> seen</c><00:39:12.240><c> more</c><00:39:12.560><c> research</c>

00:39:13.190 --> 00:39:13.200 align:start position:0%
robotics have you seen more research
 

00:39:13.200 --> 00:39:15.190 align:start position:0%
robotics have you seen more research
over<00:39:13.440><c> the</c><00:39:13.839><c> you</c><00:39:13.920><c> know</c><00:39:14.160><c> previous</c><00:39:14.640><c> decades</c>

00:39:15.190 --> 00:39:15.200 align:start position:0%
over the you know previous decades
 

00:39:15.200 --> 00:39:17.349 align:start position:0%
over the you know previous decades
coming<00:39:15.760><c> from</c><00:39:16.079><c> medical</c><00:39:16.480><c> conferences</c><00:39:17.200><c> or</c>

00:39:17.349 --> 00:39:17.359 align:start position:0%
coming from medical conferences or
 

00:39:17.359 --> 00:39:17.910 align:start position:0%
coming from medical conferences or
medical

00:39:17.910 --> 00:39:17.920 align:start position:0%
medical
 

00:39:17.920 --> 00:39:20.710 align:start position:0%
medical
instruments<00:39:18.480><c> and</c><00:39:18.560><c> devices</c><00:39:19.119><c> conferences</c><00:39:20.480><c> or</c>

00:39:20.710 --> 00:39:20.720 align:start position:0%
instruments and devices conferences or
 

00:39:20.720 --> 00:39:22.470 align:start position:0%
instruments and devices conferences or
has<00:39:20.880><c> most</c><00:39:21.119><c> of</c><00:39:21.200><c> the</c><00:39:21.280><c> research</c><00:39:21.760><c> come</c>

00:39:22.470 --> 00:39:22.480 align:start position:0%
has most of the research come
 

00:39:22.480 --> 00:39:23.910 align:start position:0%
has most of the research come
you<00:39:22.640><c> know</c><00:39:22.800><c> conferences</c><00:39:23.359><c> like</c><00:39:23.520><c> this</c><00:39:23.839><c> and</c>

00:39:23.910 --> 00:39:23.920 align:start position:0%
you know conferences like this and
 

00:39:23.920 --> 00:39:25.990 align:start position:0%
you know conferences like this and
robotics<00:39:24.960><c> or</c><00:39:25.200><c> has</c><00:39:25.440><c> it</c><00:39:25.520><c> been</c><00:39:25.760><c> very</c>

00:39:25.990 --> 00:39:26.000 align:start position:0%
robotics or has it been very
 

00:39:26.000 --> 00:39:28.870 align:start position:0%
robotics or has it been very
interdisciplinary<00:39:26.960><c> all</c><00:39:27.119><c> along</c>

00:39:28.870 --> 00:39:28.880 align:start position:0%
interdisciplinary all along
 

00:39:28.880 --> 00:39:30.470 align:start position:0%
interdisciplinary all along
i<00:39:29.040><c> think</c><00:39:29.280><c> the</c><00:39:29.520><c> development</c><00:39:30.000><c> of</c><00:39:30.160><c> medical</c>

00:39:30.470 --> 00:39:30.480 align:start position:0%
i think the development of medical
 

00:39:30.480 --> 00:39:32.150 align:start position:0%
i think the development of medical
robotics<00:39:30.880><c> and</c><00:39:30.960><c> mental</c><00:39:31.280><c> devices</c><00:39:31.760><c> has</c><00:39:31.920><c> been</c><00:39:32.079><c> a</c>

00:39:32.150 --> 00:39:32.160 align:start position:0%
robotics and mental devices has been a
 

00:39:32.160 --> 00:39:33.910 align:start position:0%
robotics and mental devices has been a
little<00:39:32.400><c> bit</c><00:39:32.640><c> fragmented</c>

00:39:33.910 --> 00:39:33.920 align:start position:0%
little bit fragmented
 

00:39:33.920 --> 00:39:37.349 align:start position:0%
little bit fragmented
so<00:39:34.240><c> medical</c><00:39:34.560><c> devices</c><00:39:36.160><c> are</c><00:39:36.320><c> not</c><00:39:36.480><c> necessarily</c>

00:39:37.349 --> 00:39:37.359 align:start position:0%
so medical devices are not necessarily
 

00:39:37.359 --> 00:39:39.750 align:start position:0%
so medical devices are not necessarily
robots<00:39:38.240><c> and</c><00:39:38.320><c> they're</c><00:39:38.640><c> still</c><00:39:38.960><c> coming</c><00:39:39.280><c> out</c><00:39:39.599><c> the</c>

00:39:39.750 --> 00:39:39.760 align:start position:0%
robots and they're still coming out the
 

00:39:39.760 --> 00:39:40.790 align:start position:0%
robots and they're still coming out the
more<00:39:39.920><c> we</c><00:39:40.079><c> can</c><00:39:40.240><c> do</c>

00:39:40.790 --> 00:39:40.800 align:start position:0%
more we can do
 

00:39:40.800 --> 00:39:42.870 align:start position:0%
more we can do
with<00:39:40.960><c> a</c><00:39:41.040><c> device</c><00:39:41.520><c> the</c><00:39:41.680><c> better</c><00:39:42.000><c> off</c><00:39:42.240><c> we</c><00:39:42.480><c> are</c><00:39:42.720><c> you</c>

00:39:42.870 --> 00:39:42.880 align:start position:0%
with a device the better off we are you
 

00:39:42.880 --> 00:39:44.069 align:start position:0%
with a device the better off we are you
know<00:39:42.960><c> if</c><00:39:43.119><c> we</c><00:39:43.200><c> can</c><00:39:43.280><c> get</c><00:39:43.440><c> around</c><00:39:43.760><c> using</c><00:39:44.000><c> the</c>

00:39:44.069 --> 00:39:44.079 align:start position:0%
know if we can get around using the
 

00:39:44.079 --> 00:39:45.030 align:start position:0%
know if we can get around using the
robot

00:39:45.030 --> 00:39:45.040 align:start position:0%
robot
 

00:39:45.040 --> 00:39:46.310 align:start position:0%
robot
that's<00:39:45.359><c> probably</c><00:39:45.680><c> a</c><00:39:45.760><c> good</c><00:39:46.000><c> thing</c><00:39:46.160><c> because</c>

00:39:46.310 --> 00:39:46.320 align:start position:0%
that's probably a good thing because
 

00:39:46.320 --> 00:39:48.630 align:start position:0%
that's probably a good thing because
it's<00:39:46.480><c> a</c><00:39:46.560><c> simpler</c><00:39:46.960><c> mechanism</c>

00:39:48.630 --> 00:39:48.640 align:start position:0%
it's a simpler mechanism
 

00:39:48.640 --> 00:39:50.470 align:start position:0%
it's a simpler mechanism
in<00:39:48.800><c> terms</c><00:39:49.119><c> of</c><00:39:49.200><c> the</c><00:39:49.359><c> development</c><00:39:49.839><c> of</c><00:39:50.000><c> medical</c>

00:39:50.470 --> 00:39:50.480 align:start position:0%
in terms of the development of medical
 

00:39:50.480 --> 00:39:52.069 align:start position:0%
in terms of the development of medical
robotics

00:39:52.069 --> 00:39:52.079 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:39:52.079 --> 00:39:54.870 align:start position:0%
robotics
we<00:39:52.240><c> have</c><00:39:52.560><c> industrial</c><00:39:53.520><c> development</c><00:39:54.400><c> and</c><00:39:54.720><c> we</c>

00:39:54.870 --> 00:39:54.880 align:start position:0%
we have industrial development and we
 

00:39:54.880 --> 00:39:55.349 align:start position:0%
we have industrial development and we
have

00:39:55.349 --> 00:39:55.359 align:start position:0%
have
 

00:39:55.359 --> 00:39:59.030 align:start position:0%
have
academic<00:39:56.000><c> development</c><00:39:57.520><c> uh</c>

00:39:59.030 --> 00:39:59.040 align:start position:0%
academic development uh
 

00:39:59.040 --> 00:40:00.950 align:start position:0%
academic development uh
some<00:39:59.280><c> of</c><00:39:59.440><c> that</c><00:39:59.760><c> is</c><00:39:59.920><c> cooperative</c><00:40:00.640><c> you</c><00:40:00.800><c> know</c>

00:40:00.950 --> 00:40:00.960 align:start position:0%
some of that is cooperative you know
 

00:40:00.960 --> 00:40:02.390 align:start position:0%
some of that is cooperative you know
intuitive<00:40:01.440><c> circle</c>

00:40:02.390 --> 00:40:02.400 align:start position:0%
intuitive circle
 

00:40:02.400 --> 00:40:04.470 align:start position:0%
intuitive circle
does<00:40:02.640><c> a</c><00:40:02.800><c> very</c><00:40:02.960><c> good</c><00:40:03.200><c> job</c><00:40:03.520><c> reaching</c><00:40:03.920><c> out</c><00:40:04.079><c> to</c><00:40:04.240><c> the</c>

00:40:04.470 --> 00:40:04.480 align:start position:0%
does a very good job reaching out to the
 

00:40:04.480 --> 00:40:06.069 align:start position:0%
does a very good job reaching out to the
academic<00:40:04.960><c> community</c>

00:40:06.069 --> 00:40:06.079 align:start position:0%
academic community
 

00:40:06.079 --> 00:40:09.030 align:start position:0%
academic community
and<00:40:06.880><c> either</c><00:40:07.200><c> sponsor</c><00:40:07.680><c> research</c><00:40:08.079><c> or</c><00:40:08.640><c> director</c>

00:40:09.030 --> 00:40:09.040 align:start position:0%
and either sponsor research or director
 

00:40:09.040 --> 00:40:10.790 align:start position:0%
and either sponsor research or director
research<00:40:09.920><c> in</c><00:40:10.079><c> the</c><00:40:10.240><c> hopes</c>

00:40:10.790 --> 00:40:10.800 align:start position:0%
research in the hopes
 

00:40:10.800 --> 00:40:13.349 align:start position:0%
research in the hopes
of<00:40:11.200><c> bringing</c><00:40:11.520><c> some</c><00:40:11.680><c> of</c><00:40:11.760><c> those</c><00:40:12.000><c> ideas</c><00:40:12.960><c> back</c><00:40:13.200><c> to</c>

00:40:13.349 --> 00:40:13.359 align:start position:0%
of bringing some of those ideas back to
 

00:40:13.359 --> 00:40:16.230 align:start position:0%
of bringing some of those ideas back to
their<00:40:13.599><c> robot</c><00:40:14.079><c> to</c><00:40:14.240><c> make</c><00:40:14.480><c> a</c><00:40:14.560><c> better</c><00:40:14.880><c> system</c>

00:40:16.230 --> 00:40:16.240 align:start position:0%
their robot to make a better system
 

00:40:16.240 --> 00:40:18.230 align:start position:0%
their robot to make a better system
other<00:40:16.480><c> companies</c><00:40:17.119><c> which</c><00:40:17.359><c> are</c><00:40:17.520><c> smaller</c><00:40:18.079><c> don't</c>

00:40:18.230 --> 00:40:18.240 align:start position:0%
other companies which are smaller don't
 

00:40:18.240 --> 00:40:19.510 align:start position:0%
other companies which are smaller don't
have<00:40:18.400><c> the</c><00:40:18.560><c> resources</c>

00:40:19.510 --> 00:40:19.520 align:start position:0%
have the resources
 

00:40:19.520 --> 00:40:21.829 align:start position:0%
have the resources
or<00:40:19.680><c> perhaps</c><00:40:20.079><c> the</c><00:40:20.319><c> time</c><00:40:21.119><c> to</c><00:40:21.280><c> reach</c><00:40:21.599><c> out</c><00:40:21.680><c> to</c>

00:40:21.829 --> 00:40:21.839 align:start position:0%
or perhaps the time to reach out to
 

00:40:21.839 --> 00:40:23.430 align:start position:0%
or perhaps the time to reach out to
academic<00:40:22.400><c> work</c><00:40:22.640><c> so</c>

00:40:23.430 --> 00:40:23.440 align:start position:0%
academic work so
 

00:40:23.440 --> 00:40:25.349 align:start position:0%
academic work so
the<00:40:23.599><c> smaller</c><00:40:24.000><c> companies</c><00:40:24.560><c> still</c><00:40:25.040><c> aren't</c>

00:40:25.349 --> 00:40:25.359 align:start position:0%
the smaller companies still aren't
 

00:40:25.359 --> 00:40:27.589 align:start position:0%
the smaller companies still aren't
necessarily<00:40:26.240><c> directly</c><00:40:26.880><c> collaborating</c><00:40:27.440><c> with</c>

00:40:27.589 --> 00:40:27.599 align:start position:0%
necessarily directly collaborating with
 

00:40:27.599 --> 00:40:28.470 align:start position:0%
necessarily directly collaborating with
academics

00:40:28.470 --> 00:40:28.480 align:start position:0%
academics
 

00:40:28.480 --> 00:40:31.349 align:start position:0%
academics
however<00:40:29.359><c> the</c><00:40:29.520><c> smaller</c><00:40:30.000><c> companies</c><00:40:30.720><c> are</c><00:40:30.880><c> hiring</c>

00:40:31.349 --> 00:40:31.359 align:start position:0%
however the smaller companies are hiring
 

00:40:31.359 --> 00:40:32.630 align:start position:0%
however the smaller companies are hiring
the<00:40:31.520><c> academics</c>

00:40:32.630 --> 00:40:32.640 align:start position:0%
the academics
 

00:40:32.640 --> 00:40:35.589 align:start position:0%
the academics
in<00:40:32.800><c> fact</c><00:40:33.119><c> i</c><00:40:33.359><c> believe</c><00:40:34.160><c> the</c><00:40:34.319><c> future</c><00:40:34.720><c> innovations</c>

00:40:35.589 --> 00:40:35.599 align:start position:0%
in fact i believe the future innovations
 

00:40:35.599 --> 00:40:36.870 align:start position:0%
in fact i believe the future innovations
are<00:40:35.760><c> going</c><00:40:35.920><c> to</c><00:40:36.079><c> come</c>

00:40:36.870 --> 00:40:36.880 align:start position:0%
are going to come
 

00:40:36.880 --> 00:40:39.510 align:start position:0%
are going to come
from<00:40:37.520><c> small</c><00:40:37.920><c> companies</c><00:40:38.560><c> and</c><00:40:38.640><c> perhaps</c><00:40:39.040><c> some</c>

00:40:39.510 --> 00:40:39.520 align:start position:0%
from small companies and perhaps some
 

00:40:39.520 --> 00:40:40.390 align:start position:0%
from small companies and perhaps some
applied

00:40:40.390 --> 00:40:40.400 align:start position:0%
applied
 

00:40:40.400 --> 00:40:43.589 align:start position:0%
applied
very<00:40:40.720><c> applied</c><00:40:41.119><c> academic</c><00:40:42.480><c> units</c><00:40:43.280><c> because</c>

00:40:43.589 --> 00:40:43.599 align:start position:0%
very applied academic units because
 

00:40:43.599 --> 00:40:45.270 align:start position:0%
very applied academic units because
they're<00:40:43.839><c> small</c><00:40:44.319><c> they're</c><00:40:44.480><c> still</c><00:40:44.720><c> maneuverable</c>

00:40:45.270 --> 00:40:45.280 align:start position:0%
they're small they're still maneuverable
 

00:40:45.280 --> 00:40:46.550 align:start position:0%
they're small they're still maneuverable
they<00:40:45.359><c> don't</c><00:40:45.520><c> have</c><00:40:45.599><c> the</c><00:40:45.760><c> inertia</c>

00:40:46.550 --> 00:40:46.560 align:start position:0%
they don't have the inertia
 

00:40:46.560 --> 00:40:49.190 align:start position:0%
they don't have the inertia
and<00:40:46.800><c> that's</c><00:40:47.119><c> where</c><00:40:48.240><c> i</c><00:40:48.400><c> think</c><00:40:48.800><c> most</c><00:40:48.960><c> of</c><00:40:49.119><c> the</c>

00:40:49.190 --> 00:40:49.200 align:start position:0%
and that's where i think most of the
 

00:40:49.200 --> 00:40:53.270 align:start position:0%
and that's where i think most of the
change<00:40:49.440><c> is</c><00:40:49.599><c> going</c><00:40:49.760><c> to</c><00:40:50.839><c> happen</c>

00:40:53.270 --> 00:40:53.280 align:start position:0%
change is going to happen
 

00:40:53.280 --> 00:40:54.870 align:start position:0%
change is going to happen
great<00:40:53.599><c> are</c><00:40:53.680><c> there</c><00:40:53.920><c> any</c><00:40:54.079><c> other</c><00:40:54.400><c> um</c>

00:40:54.870 --> 00:40:54.880 align:start position:0%
great are there any other um
 

00:40:54.880 --> 00:40:57.430 align:start position:0%
great are there any other um
collaborations<00:40:56.160><c> or</c>

00:40:57.430 --> 00:40:57.440 align:start position:0%
collaborations or
 

00:40:57.440 --> 00:41:00.069 align:start position:0%
collaborations or
students<00:40:58.000><c> who've</c><00:40:58.240><c> gone</c><00:40:58.480><c> on</c><00:40:58.640><c> to</c><00:40:58.800><c> do</c><00:40:59.680><c> work</c><00:40:59.920><c> in</c>

00:41:00.069 --> 00:41:00.079 align:start position:0%
students who've gone on to do work in
 

00:41:00.079 --> 00:41:01.750 align:start position:0%
students who've gone on to do work in
robotics<00:41:00.640><c> that</c><00:41:00.880><c> you'd</c><00:41:01.040><c> like</c><00:41:01.200><c> to</c>

00:41:01.750 --> 00:41:01.760 align:start position:0%
robotics that you'd like to
 

00:41:01.760 --> 00:41:05.670 align:start position:0%
robotics that you'd like to
discuss

00:41:05.670 --> 00:41:05.680 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:41:05.680 --> 00:41:08.710 align:start position:0%
 
let's<00:41:06.000><c> see</c><00:41:07.680><c> i</c>

00:41:08.710 --> 00:41:08.720 align:start position:0%
let's see i
 

00:41:08.720 --> 00:41:12.309 align:start position:0%
let's see i
did<00:41:08.880><c> i</c><00:41:08.960><c> get</c><00:41:09.119><c> all</c><00:41:09.200><c> my</c><00:41:09.359><c> collaborators</c><00:41:11.359><c> i</c>

00:41:12.309 --> 00:41:12.319 align:start position:0%
did i get all my collaborators i
 

00:41:12.319 --> 00:41:15.589 align:start position:0%
did i get all my collaborators i
yeah<00:41:12.560><c> i</c><00:41:12.640><c> should</c><00:41:12.800><c> mention</c><00:41:13.280><c> vijay</c><00:41:13.760><c> kumar</c>

00:41:15.589 --> 00:41:15.599 align:start position:0%
yeah i should mention vijay kumar
 

00:41:15.599 --> 00:41:20.550 align:start position:0%
yeah i should mention vijay kumar
a<00:41:15.839><c> little</c><00:41:16.160><c> bit</c><00:41:18.839><c> um</c>

00:41:20.550 --> 00:41:20.560 align:start position:0%
a little bit um
 

00:41:20.560 --> 00:41:23.270 align:start position:0%
a little bit um
so<00:41:20.720><c> i</c><00:41:20.960><c> i've</c><00:41:21.119><c> been</c><00:41:21.280><c> very</c><00:41:21.599><c> lucky</c><00:41:22.000><c> to</c><00:41:22.160><c> have</c><00:41:22.800><c> a</c><00:41:22.960><c> host</c>

00:41:23.270 --> 00:41:23.280 align:start position:0%
so i i've been very lucky to have a host
 

00:41:23.280 --> 00:41:25.109 align:start position:0%
so i i've been very lucky to have a host
of<00:41:23.599><c> collaborators</c>

00:41:25.109 --> 00:41:25.119 align:start position:0%
of collaborators
 

00:41:25.119 --> 00:41:27.589 align:start position:0%
of collaborators
and<00:41:25.359><c> friends</c><00:41:25.680><c> in</c><00:41:25.760><c> the</c><00:41:25.839><c> robotics</c><00:41:26.400><c> community</c><00:41:27.440><c> i</c>

00:41:27.589 --> 00:41:27.599 align:start position:0%
and friends in the robotics community i
 

00:41:27.599 --> 00:41:30.309 align:start position:0%
and friends in the robotics community i
used<00:41:27.760><c> to</c><00:41:28.000><c> work</c><00:41:28.240><c> a</c><00:41:28.319><c> lot</c><00:41:28.560><c> with</c><00:41:28.880><c> al</c><00:41:29.200><c> rizzi</c>

00:41:30.309 --> 00:41:30.319 align:start position:0%
used to work a lot with al rizzi
 

00:41:30.319 --> 00:41:33.430 align:start position:0%
used to work a lot with al rizzi
on<00:41:31.599><c> the</c><00:41:31.920><c> interface</c><00:41:32.480><c> between</c><00:41:32.800><c> controls</c><00:41:33.280><c> and</c>

00:41:33.430 --> 00:41:33.440 align:start position:0%
on the interface between controls and
 

00:41:33.440 --> 00:41:34.790 align:start position:0%
on the interface between controls and
path<00:41:33.760><c> planning</c>

00:41:34.790 --> 00:41:34.800 align:start position:0%
path planning
 

00:41:34.800 --> 00:41:37.109 align:start position:0%
path planning
and<00:41:35.440><c> he</c><00:41:35.680><c> and</c><00:41:35.760><c> i</c><00:41:36.000><c> did</c><00:41:36.160><c> a</c><00:41:36.240><c> lot</c><00:41:36.480><c> of</c><00:41:36.560><c> work</c><00:41:36.720><c> together</c>

00:41:37.109 --> 00:41:37.119 align:start position:0%
and he and i did a lot of work together
 

00:41:37.119 --> 00:41:38.630 align:start position:0%
and he and i did a lot of work together
on<00:41:37.359><c> car</c><00:41:37.680><c> painting</c>

00:41:38.630 --> 00:41:38.640 align:start position:0%
on car painting
 

00:41:38.640 --> 00:41:41.190 align:start position:0%
on car painting
he<00:41:39.040><c> ultimately</c><00:41:39.599><c> left</c><00:41:40.000><c> academia</c><00:41:40.800><c> and</c><00:41:40.960><c> went</c><00:41:41.119><c> to</c>

00:41:41.190 --> 00:41:41.200 align:start position:0%
he ultimately left academia and went to
 

00:41:41.200 --> 00:41:43.349 align:start position:0%
he ultimately left academia and went to
work<00:41:41.440><c> for</c><00:41:41.599><c> boston</c><00:41:42.000><c> dynamics</c><00:41:42.640><c> where</c><00:41:42.880><c> he</c><00:41:43.040><c> has</c><00:41:43.200><c> an</c>

00:41:43.349 --> 00:41:43.359 align:start position:0%
work for boston dynamics where he has an
 

00:41:43.359 --> 00:41:46.550 align:start position:0%
work for boston dynamics where he has an
incredibly<00:41:43.839><c> successful</c><00:41:44.400><c> career</c>

00:41:46.550 --> 00:41:46.560 align:start position:0%
incredibly successful career
 

00:41:46.560 --> 00:41:50.390 align:start position:0%
incredibly successful career
i<00:41:46.800><c> do</c><00:41:47.520><c> a</c><00:41:47.760><c> fair</c><00:41:48.800><c> bit</c><00:41:49.119><c> of</c><00:41:49.280><c> interacting</c>

00:41:50.390 --> 00:41:50.400 align:start position:0%
i do a fair bit of interacting
 

00:41:50.400 --> 00:41:53.910 align:start position:0%
i do a fair bit of interacting
with<00:41:50.640><c> vijay</c><00:41:51.200><c> kumar</c><00:41:52.079><c> on</c><00:41:52.400><c> the</c><00:41:52.720><c> multi-agent</c>

00:41:53.910 --> 00:41:53.920 align:start position:0%
with vijay kumar on the multi-agent
 

00:41:53.920 --> 00:41:56.550 align:start position:0%
with vijay kumar on the multi-agent
work<00:41:54.720><c> he</c><00:41:54.960><c> and</c><00:41:55.119><c> i</c><00:41:55.359><c> bounce</c><00:41:55.680><c> ideas</c><00:41:56.079><c> off</c><00:41:56.319><c> of</c><00:41:56.400><c> each</c>

00:41:56.550 --> 00:41:56.560 align:start position:0%
work he and i bounce ideas off of each
 

00:41:56.560 --> 00:41:57.109 align:start position:0%
work he and i bounce ideas off of each
other<00:41:56.880><c> we</c>

00:41:57.109 --> 00:41:57.119 align:start position:0%
other we
 

00:41:57.119 --> 00:41:59.270 align:start position:0%
other we
our<00:41:57.280><c> students</c><00:41:57.680><c> talk</c><00:41:57.839><c> to</c><00:41:58.000><c> each</c><00:41:58.240><c> other</c><00:41:59.040><c> and</c>

00:41:59.270 --> 00:41:59.280 align:start position:0%
our students talk to each other and
 

00:41:59.280 --> 00:42:01.030 align:start position:0%
our students talk to each other and
we've<00:41:59.440><c> been</c><00:41:59.839><c> and</c><00:41:59.920><c> we</c><00:42:00.000><c> serve</c><00:42:00.319><c> on</c><00:42:00.400><c> each</c><00:42:00.560><c> other's</c>

00:42:01.030 --> 00:42:01.040 align:start position:0%
we've been and we serve on each other's
 

00:42:01.040 --> 00:42:02.710 align:start position:0%
we've been and we serve on each other's
you<00:42:01.119><c> know</c><00:42:01.359><c> thesis</c><00:42:02.079><c> each</c><00:42:02.240><c> other</c><00:42:02.480><c> students</c>

00:42:02.710 --> 00:42:02.720 align:start position:0%
you know thesis each other students
 

00:42:02.720 --> 00:42:04.710 align:start position:0%
you know thesis each other students
thesis<00:42:03.119><c> committees</c><00:42:04.000><c> and</c><00:42:04.079><c> we've</c><00:42:04.240><c> been</c><00:42:04.400><c> able</c><00:42:04.560><c> to</c>

00:42:04.710 --> 00:42:04.720 align:start position:0%
thesis committees and we've been able to
 

00:42:04.720 --> 00:42:05.430 align:start position:0%
thesis committees and we've been able to
generate

00:42:05.430 --> 00:42:05.440 align:start position:0%
generate
 

00:42:05.440 --> 00:42:07.910 align:start position:0%
generate
uh<00:42:06.319><c> you</c><00:42:06.480><c> know</c><00:42:06.560><c> you</c><00:42:06.720><c> know</c><00:42:06.800><c> some</c><00:42:06.960><c> nice</c><00:42:07.200><c> ideas</c><00:42:07.839><c> in</c>

00:42:07.910 --> 00:42:07.920 align:start position:0%
uh you know you know some nice ideas in
 

00:42:07.920 --> 00:42:11.910 align:start position:0%
uh you know you know some nice ideas in
the<00:42:08.079><c> multi-agent</c><00:42:08.800><c> path</c><00:42:09.119><c> planning</c><00:42:09.440><c> world</c>

00:42:11.910 --> 00:42:11.920 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:11.920 --> 00:42:13.349 align:start position:0%
 
right<00:42:12.319><c> and</c><00:42:12.400><c> what's</c><00:42:12.640><c> it</c><00:42:12.720><c> been</c><00:42:12.880><c> like</c><00:42:13.040><c> working</c>

00:42:13.349 --> 00:42:13.359 align:start position:0%
right and what's it been like working
 

00:42:13.359 --> 00:42:15.589 align:start position:0%
right and what's it been like working
out<00:42:13.599><c> oh</c><00:42:13.680><c> sorry</c><00:42:14.000><c> i</c><00:42:14.079><c> was</c><00:42:14.160><c> like</c><00:42:14.720><c> i</c><00:42:14.880><c> forgot</c>

00:42:15.589 --> 00:42:15.599 align:start position:0%
out oh sorry i was like i forgot
 

00:42:15.599 --> 00:42:18.470 align:start position:0%
out oh sorry i was like i forgot
also<00:42:15.920><c> i</c><00:42:16.000><c> have</c><00:42:16.079><c> to</c><00:42:16.160><c> acknowledge</c><00:42:16.960><c> also</c><00:42:17.760><c> uh</c><00:42:18.160><c> i</c><00:42:18.319><c> do</c>

00:42:18.470 --> 00:42:18.480 align:start position:0%
also i have to acknowledge also uh i do
 

00:42:18.480 --> 00:42:20.950 align:start position:0%
also i have to acknowledge also uh i do
a<00:42:18.640><c> fair</c><00:42:18.880><c> bit</c><00:42:19.040><c> of</c><00:42:19.119><c> work</c><00:42:19.359><c> with</c><00:42:19.680><c> robin</c><00:42:20.079><c> murphy</c>

00:42:20.950 --> 00:42:20.960 align:start position:0%
a fair bit of work with robin murphy
 

00:42:20.960 --> 00:42:23.109 align:start position:0%
a fair bit of work with robin murphy
on<00:42:21.200><c> search</c><00:42:21.520><c> and</c><00:42:21.599><c> rescue</c><00:42:21.920><c> robotics</c><00:42:22.640><c> the</c><00:42:22.800><c> truth</c>

00:42:23.109 --> 00:42:23.119 align:start position:0%
on search and rescue robotics the truth
 

00:42:23.119 --> 00:42:23.990 align:start position:0%
on search and rescue robotics the truth
is

00:42:23.990 --> 00:42:24.000 align:start position:0%
is
 

00:42:24.000 --> 00:42:26.230 align:start position:0%
is
i<00:42:24.240><c> would</c><00:42:24.560><c> not</c><00:42:24.800><c> have</c><00:42:25.040><c> done</c><00:42:25.359><c> anything</c><00:42:25.839><c> in</c><00:42:26.000><c> search</c>

00:42:26.230 --> 00:42:26.240 align:start position:0%
i would not have done anything in search
 

00:42:26.240 --> 00:42:27.750 align:start position:0%
i would not have done anything in search
and<00:42:26.319><c> rescue</c><00:42:26.640><c> robotics</c><00:42:27.119><c> if</c><00:42:27.280><c> it</c><00:42:27.359><c> hadn't</c><00:42:27.599><c> been</c>

00:42:27.750 --> 00:42:27.760 align:start position:0%
and rescue robotics if it hadn't been
 

00:42:27.760 --> 00:42:31.990 align:start position:0%
and rescue robotics if it hadn't been
for<00:42:28.839><c> robin</c>

00:42:31.990 --> 00:42:32.000 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:32.000 --> 00:42:38.150 align:start position:0%
 
and<00:42:32.160><c> that's</c><00:42:32.400><c> been</c><00:42:32.560><c> primarily</c><00:42:33.200><c> the</c><00:42:33.359><c> snake</c>

00:42:38.150 --> 00:42:38.160 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:38.160 --> 00:42:40.710 align:start position:0%
 
um<00:42:39.359><c> and</c><00:42:39.440><c> what's</c><00:42:39.680><c> it</c><00:42:39.760><c> like</c><00:42:40.240><c> what's</c><00:42:40.560><c> it</c><00:42:40.640><c> been</c>

00:42:40.710 --> 00:42:40.720 align:start position:0%
um and what's it like what's it been
 

00:42:40.720 --> 00:42:42.309 align:start position:0%
um and what's it like what's it been
like<00:42:40.960><c> at</c><00:42:41.119><c> carnegie</c><00:42:41.599><c> mellon</c>

00:42:42.309 --> 00:42:42.319 align:start position:0%
like at carnegie mellon
 

00:42:42.319 --> 00:42:45.430 align:start position:0%
like at carnegie mellon
robotics

00:42:45.430 --> 00:42:45.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:45.440 --> 00:42:47.270 align:start position:0%
 
uh<00:42:45.839><c> this</c><00:42:46.079><c> is</c><00:42:46.160><c> one</c><00:42:46.480><c> body</c><00:42:46.720><c> of</c><00:42:46.800><c> work</c><00:42:46.960><c> we</c><00:42:47.119><c> didn't</c>

00:42:47.270 --> 00:42:47.280 align:start position:0%
uh this is one body of work we didn't
 

00:42:47.280 --> 00:42:48.630 align:start position:0%
uh this is one body of work we didn't
touch<00:42:47.599><c> on</c><00:42:47.760><c> which</c><00:42:48.000><c> i</c><00:42:48.160><c> think</c><00:42:48.319><c> is</c><00:42:48.400><c> worth</c>

00:42:48.630 --> 00:42:48.640 align:start position:0%
touch on which i think is worth
 

00:42:48.640 --> 00:42:50.230 align:start position:0%
touch on which i think is worth
mentioning

00:42:50.230 --> 00:42:50.240 align:start position:0%
mentioning
 

00:42:50.240 --> 00:42:55.030 align:start position:0%
mentioning
so<00:42:52.480><c> one</c><00:42:52.720><c> of</c><00:42:52.800><c> the</c>

00:42:55.030 --> 00:42:55.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:42:55.040 --> 00:42:57.910 align:start position:0%
 
things<00:42:55.440><c> excuse</c><00:42:55.760><c> me</c><00:42:56.560><c> one</c><00:42:56.880><c> area</c><00:42:57.280><c> of</c><00:42:57.440><c> work</c><00:42:57.760><c> on</c>

00:42:57.910 --> 00:42:57.920 align:start position:0%
things excuse me one area of work on
 

00:42:57.920 --> 00:42:59.349 align:start position:0%
things excuse me one area of work on
which<00:42:58.240><c> we're</c>

00:42:59.349 --> 00:42:59.359 align:start position:0%
which we're
 

00:42:59.359 --> 00:43:01.670 align:start position:0%
which we're
trying<00:42:59.599><c> to</c><00:42:59.920><c> expand</c><00:43:00.880><c> the</c><00:43:01.200><c> benefit</c><00:43:01.599><c> of</c>

00:43:01.670 --> 00:43:01.680 align:start position:0%
trying to expand the benefit of
 

00:43:01.680 --> 00:43:03.670 align:start position:0%
trying to expand the benefit of
minimally<00:43:02.079><c> invasive</c><00:43:02.560><c> surgery</c>

00:43:03.670 --> 00:43:03.680 align:start position:0%
minimally invasive surgery
 

00:43:03.680 --> 00:43:08.550 align:start position:0%
minimally invasive surgery
is<00:43:04.680><c> recreating</c><00:43:06.160><c> the</c><00:43:06.400><c> situational</c><00:43:07.200><c> awareness</c>

00:43:08.550 --> 00:43:08.560 align:start position:0%
is recreating the situational awareness
 

00:43:08.560 --> 00:43:11.670 align:start position:0%
is recreating the situational awareness
for<00:43:08.960><c> physicians</c><00:43:10.079><c> that</c><00:43:10.319><c> is</c><00:43:10.640><c> lost</c>

00:43:11.670 --> 00:43:11.680 align:start position:0%
for physicians that is lost
 

00:43:11.680 --> 00:43:13.910 align:start position:0%
for physicians that is lost
when<00:43:11.839><c> you</c><00:43:12.000><c> go</c><00:43:12.160><c> from</c><00:43:12.319><c> an</c><00:43:12.480><c> open</c><00:43:12.720><c> procedure</c><00:43:13.599><c> to</c><00:43:13.760><c> a</c>

00:43:13.910 --> 00:43:13.920 align:start position:0%
when you go from an open procedure to a
 

00:43:13.920 --> 00:43:15.750 align:start position:0%
when you go from an open procedure to a
minimally<00:43:14.240><c> invasive</c><00:43:14.720><c> one</c>

00:43:15.750 --> 00:43:15.760 align:start position:0%
minimally invasive one
 

00:43:15.760 --> 00:43:17.670 align:start position:0%
minimally invasive one
in<00:43:15.920><c> minimally</c><00:43:16.319><c> invasive</c><00:43:16.800><c> surgery</c><00:43:17.520><c> you're</c>

00:43:17.670 --> 00:43:17.680 align:start position:0%
in minimally invasive surgery you're
 

00:43:17.680 --> 00:43:19.670 align:start position:0%
in minimally invasive surgery you're
essentially<00:43:18.240><c> operating</c><00:43:18.720><c> through</c><00:43:18.960><c> straws</c>

00:43:19.670 --> 00:43:19.680 align:start position:0%
essentially operating through straws
 

00:43:19.680 --> 00:43:23.430 align:start position:0%
essentially operating through straws
and<00:43:19.760><c> that's</c><00:43:20.000><c> all</c><00:43:20.160><c> you</c><00:43:20.319><c> see</c>

00:43:23.430 --> 00:43:23.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:43:23.440 --> 00:43:26.630 align:start position:0%
 
what<00:43:23.680><c> we've</c><00:43:24.000><c> been</c><00:43:24.160><c> doing</c><00:43:25.040><c> is</c><00:43:25.200><c> in</c><00:43:25.280><c> the</c><00:43:25.440><c> past</c>

00:43:26.630 --> 00:43:26.640 align:start position:0%
what we've been doing is in the past
 

00:43:26.640 --> 00:43:28.950 align:start position:0%
what we've been doing is in the past
starting<00:43:26.960><c> with</c><00:43:27.200><c> the</c><00:43:27.280><c> work</c><00:43:27.520><c> of</c><00:43:27.680><c> keiji</c><00:43:28.079><c> nagatani</c>

00:43:28.950 --> 00:43:28.960 align:start position:0%
starting with the work of keiji nagatani
 

00:43:28.960 --> 00:43:30.790 align:start position:0%
starting with the work of keiji nagatani
who<00:43:29.119><c> was</c><00:43:29.280><c> my</c><00:43:29.440><c> postdoc</c><00:43:29.920><c> now</c><00:43:30.079><c> professor</c><00:43:30.400><c> tohoku</c>

00:43:30.790 --> 00:43:30.800 align:start position:0%
who was my postdoc now professor tohoku
 

00:43:30.800 --> 00:43:31.829 align:start position:0%
who was my postdoc now professor tohoku
university

00:43:31.829 --> 00:43:31.839 align:start position:0%
university
 

00:43:31.839 --> 00:43:33.990 align:start position:0%
university
we<00:43:32.000><c> did</c><00:43:32.240><c> a</c><00:43:32.319><c> lot</c><00:43:32.560><c> of</c><00:43:32.960><c> simultaneous</c>

00:43:33.990 --> 00:43:34.000 align:start position:0%
we did a lot of simultaneous
 

00:43:34.000 --> 00:43:35.589 align:start position:0%
we did a lot of simultaneous
localization<00:43:34.800><c> and</c><00:43:34.960><c> mapping</c>

00:43:35.589 --> 00:43:35.599 align:start position:0%
localization and mapping
 

00:43:35.599 --> 00:43:38.710 align:start position:0%
localization and mapping
slam<00:43:36.560><c> for</c><00:43:36.720><c> mobile</c><00:43:37.040><c> robots</c>

00:43:38.710 --> 00:43:38.720 align:start position:0%
slam for mobile robots
 

00:43:38.720 --> 00:43:41.349 align:start position:0%
slam for mobile robots
and<00:43:38.880><c> we</c><00:43:39.040><c> were</c><00:43:39.280><c> able</c><00:43:39.680><c> to</c><00:43:40.480><c> transfer</c><00:43:41.040><c> and</c><00:43:41.119><c> then</c>

00:43:41.349 --> 00:43:41.359 align:start position:0%
and we were able to transfer and then
 

00:43:41.359 --> 00:43:43.829 align:start position:0%
and we were able to transfer and then
build<00:43:41.680><c> upon</c><00:43:42.160><c> the</c><00:43:42.319><c> slam</c><00:43:42.800><c> results</c>

00:43:43.829 --> 00:43:43.839 align:start position:0%
build upon the slam results
 

00:43:43.839 --> 00:43:46.390 align:start position:0%
build upon the slam results
to<00:43:44.000><c> do</c><00:43:44.400><c> slam</c><00:43:45.040><c> in</c><00:43:45.119><c> the</c><00:43:45.280><c> body</c><00:43:45.680><c> we</c><00:43:45.839><c> call</c><00:43:46.000><c> it</c><00:43:46.160><c> body</c>

00:43:46.390 --> 00:43:46.400 align:start position:0%
to do slam in the body we call it body
 

00:43:46.400 --> 00:43:48.470 align:start position:0%
to do slam in the body we call it body
slam

00:43:48.470 --> 00:43:48.480 align:start position:0%
slam
 

00:43:48.480 --> 00:43:50.710 align:start position:0%
slam
and<00:43:48.640><c> the</c><00:43:48.800><c> reason</c><00:43:49.119><c> why</c><00:43:49.920><c> this</c><00:43:50.079><c> is</c><00:43:50.240><c> an</c><00:43:50.319><c> important</c>

00:43:50.710 --> 00:43:50.720 align:start position:0%
and the reason why this is an important
 

00:43:50.720 --> 00:43:51.670 align:start position:0%
and the reason why this is an important
topic

00:43:51.670 --> 00:43:51.680 align:start position:0%
topic
 

00:43:51.680 --> 00:43:54.870 align:start position:0%
topic
is<00:43:51.920><c> that</c><00:43:52.319><c> we</c><00:43:52.560><c> can</c><00:43:53.599><c> simultaneously</c>

00:43:54.870 --> 00:43:54.880 align:start position:0%
is that we can simultaneously
 

00:43:54.880 --> 00:43:58.470 align:start position:0%
is that we can simultaneously
map<00:43:55.760><c> out</c><00:43:56.079><c> the</c><00:43:56.240><c> anatomy</c><00:43:57.440><c> as</c><00:43:57.599><c> well</c><00:43:57.839><c> as</c><00:43:58.000><c> localize</c>

00:43:58.470 --> 00:43:58.480 align:start position:0%
map out the anatomy as well as localize
 

00:43:58.480 --> 00:43:59.349 align:start position:0%
map out the anatomy as well as localize
the<00:43:58.640><c> robot</c>

00:43:59.349 --> 00:43:59.359 align:start position:0%
the robot
 

00:43:59.359 --> 00:44:01.510 align:start position:0%
the robot
to<00:43:59.599><c> the</c><00:43:59.760><c> anatomy</c><00:44:00.640><c> when</c><00:44:00.880><c> doing</c><00:44:01.119><c> minimally</c>

00:44:01.510 --> 00:44:01.520 align:start position:0%
to the anatomy when doing minimally
 

00:44:01.520 --> 00:44:02.710 align:start position:0%
to the anatomy when doing minimally
invasive<00:44:01.920><c> surgery</c>

00:44:02.710 --> 00:44:02.720 align:start position:0%
invasive surgery
 

00:44:02.720 --> 00:44:04.230 align:start position:0%
invasive surgery
so<00:44:02.960><c> the</c><00:44:03.119><c> goal</c><00:44:03.359><c> of</c><00:44:03.520><c> this</c><00:44:03.680><c> work</c><00:44:04.000><c> would</c><00:44:04.160><c> be</c>

00:44:04.230 --> 00:44:04.240 align:start position:0%
so the goal of this work would be
 

00:44:04.240 --> 00:44:05.349 align:start position:0%
so the goal of this work would be
imagine<00:44:04.560><c> you're</c><00:44:04.720><c> watching</c><00:44:04.960><c> the</c><00:44:05.040><c> movie</c><00:44:05.280><c> the</c>

00:44:05.349 --> 00:44:05.359 align:start position:0%
imagine you're watching the movie the
 

00:44:05.359 --> 00:44:06.710 align:start position:0%
imagine you're watching the movie the
matrix<00:44:05.839><c> and</c><00:44:05.920><c> you</c><00:44:06.000><c> want</c><00:44:06.079><c> to</c><00:44:06.160><c> be</c><00:44:06.240><c> able</c><00:44:06.400><c> to</c>

00:44:06.710 --> 00:44:06.720 align:start position:0%
matrix and you want to be able to
 

00:44:06.720 --> 00:44:07.990 align:start position:0%
matrix and you want to be able to
spin<00:44:07.119><c> the</c><00:44:07.200><c> heart</c><00:44:07.359><c> around</c><00:44:07.599><c> and</c><00:44:07.680><c> get</c><00:44:07.839><c> this</c>

00:44:07.990 --> 00:44:08.000 align:start position:0%
spin the heart around and get this
 

00:44:08.000 --> 00:44:10.069 align:start position:0%
spin the heart around and get this
vantage<00:44:08.400><c> point</c><00:44:08.800><c> or</c><00:44:09.040><c> you</c><00:44:09.200><c> spin</c><00:44:09.440><c> it</c><00:44:09.599><c> this</c><00:44:09.760><c> way</c><00:44:10.000><c> to</c>

00:44:10.069 --> 00:44:10.079 align:start position:0%
vantage point or you spin it this way to
 

00:44:10.079 --> 00:44:11.510 align:start position:0%
vantage point or you spin it this way to
get<00:44:10.240><c> that</c><00:44:10.480><c> vantage</c><00:44:10.880><c> point</c>

00:44:11.510 --> 00:44:11.520 align:start position:0%
get that vantage point
 

00:44:11.520 --> 00:44:12.870 align:start position:0%
get that vantage point
when<00:44:11.760><c> doing</c><00:44:12.000><c> your</c><00:44:12.160><c> minimally</c><00:44:12.480><c> invasive</c>

00:44:12.870 --> 00:44:12.880 align:start position:0%
when doing your minimally invasive
 

00:44:12.880 --> 00:44:15.910 align:start position:0%
when doing your minimally invasive
surgery<00:44:13.920><c> and</c><00:44:14.079><c> i'm</c><00:44:14.240><c> very</c><00:44:14.480><c> proud</c><00:44:14.800><c> to</c><00:44:14.960><c> say</c>

00:44:15.910 --> 00:44:15.920 align:start position:0%
surgery and i'm very proud to say
 

00:44:15.920 --> 00:44:18.950 align:start position:0%
surgery and i'm very proud to say
that<00:44:16.240><c> my</c><00:44:16.640><c> collaborators</c><00:44:17.839><c> and</c><00:44:18.000><c> friends</c><00:44:18.640><c> russ</c>

00:44:18.950 --> 00:44:18.960 align:start position:0%
that my collaborators and friends russ
 

00:44:18.960 --> 00:44:21.910 align:start position:0%
that my collaborators and friends russ
taylor<00:44:19.440><c> and</c><00:44:19.599><c> nabil</c><00:44:20.240><c> saman</c><00:44:21.119><c> russ</c><00:44:21.440><c> is</c><00:44:21.520><c> at</c><00:44:21.599><c> johns</c>

00:44:21.910 --> 00:44:21.920 align:start position:0%
taylor and nabil saman russ is at johns
 

00:44:21.920 --> 00:44:24.069 align:start position:0%
taylor and nabil saman russ is at johns
hopkins<00:44:22.319><c> university</c><00:44:22.960><c> nobel's</c><00:44:23.440><c> at</c><00:44:23.520><c> vanderbilt</c>

00:44:24.069 --> 00:44:24.079 align:start position:0%
hopkins university nobel's at vanderbilt
 

00:44:24.079 --> 00:44:24.950 align:start position:0%
hopkins university nobel's at vanderbilt
university

00:44:24.950 --> 00:44:24.960 align:start position:0%
university
 

00:44:24.960 --> 00:44:26.870 align:start position:0%
university
the<00:44:25.200><c> three</c><00:44:25.359><c> of</c><00:44:25.520><c> us</c><00:44:25.680><c> together</c><00:44:26.079><c> have</c><00:44:26.319><c> a</c><00:44:26.480><c> very</c>

00:44:26.870 --> 00:44:26.880 align:start position:0%
the three of us together have a very
 

00:44:26.880 --> 00:44:28.230 align:start position:0%
the three of us together have a very
strong

00:44:28.230 --> 00:44:28.240 align:start position:0%
strong
 

00:44:28.240 --> 00:44:31.430 align:start position:0%
strong
project<00:44:28.800><c> in</c><00:44:28.960><c> what</c><00:44:29.119><c> we're</c><00:44:29.839><c> calling</c><00:44:30.720><c> concurrent</c>

00:44:31.430 --> 00:44:31.440 align:start position:0%
project in what we're calling concurrent
 

00:44:31.440 --> 00:44:34.550 align:start position:0%
project in what we're calling concurrent
situational<00:44:32.240><c> awareness</c><00:44:33.599><c> where</c><00:44:34.240><c> we're</c><00:44:34.400><c> not</c>

00:44:34.550 --> 00:44:34.560 align:start position:0%
situational awareness where we're not
 

00:44:34.560 --> 00:44:35.430 align:start position:0%
situational awareness where we're not
only<00:44:34.880><c> trying</c><00:44:35.119><c> to</c>

00:44:35.430 --> 00:44:35.440 align:start position:0%
only trying to
 

00:44:35.440 --> 00:44:37.750 align:start position:0%
only trying to
improve<00:44:35.920><c> the</c><00:44:36.079><c> situational</c><00:44:36.800><c> awareness</c><00:44:37.520><c> for</c>

00:44:37.750 --> 00:44:37.760 align:start position:0%
improve the situational awareness for
 

00:44:37.760 --> 00:44:38.710 align:start position:0%
improve the situational awareness for
the<00:44:37.920><c> physician</c>

00:44:38.710 --> 00:44:38.720 align:start position:0%
the physician
 

00:44:38.720 --> 00:44:40.390 align:start position:0%
the physician
but<00:44:38.880><c> we're</c><00:44:39.040><c> also</c><00:44:39.280><c> trying</c><00:44:39.440><c> to</c><00:44:39.599><c> improve</c><00:44:40.000><c> it</c><00:44:40.240><c> for</c>

00:44:40.390 --> 00:44:40.400 align:start position:0%
but we're also trying to improve it for
 

00:44:40.400 --> 00:44:42.309 align:start position:0%
but we're also trying to improve it for
the<00:44:40.480><c> robot</c><00:44:41.200><c> so</c><00:44:41.359><c> the</c><00:44:41.440><c> robot</c><00:44:41.760><c> can</c><00:44:41.920><c> do</c><00:44:42.079><c> more</c>

00:44:42.309 --> 00:44:42.319 align:start position:0%
the robot so the robot can do more
 

00:44:42.319 --> 00:44:42.790 align:start position:0%
the robot so the robot can do more
things

00:44:42.790 --> 00:44:42.800 align:start position:0%
things
 

00:44:42.800 --> 00:44:46.390 align:start position:0%
things
for<00:44:43.040><c> the</c><00:44:43.119><c> situational</c><00:44:43.839><c> awareness</c><00:44:44.960><c> and</c>

00:44:46.390 --> 00:44:46.400 align:start position:0%
for the situational awareness and
 

00:44:46.400 --> 00:44:49.670 align:start position:0%
for the situational awareness and
we<00:44:46.640><c> have</c><00:44:46.880><c> a</c><00:44:47.359><c> very</c><00:44:47.760><c> successful</c><00:44:48.400><c> collaboration</c>

00:44:49.670 --> 00:44:49.680 align:start position:0%
we have a very successful collaboration
 

00:44:49.680 --> 00:44:51.430 align:start position:0%
we have a very successful collaboration
that<00:44:50.000><c> and</c><00:44:50.160><c> we</c><00:44:50.240><c> just</c><00:44:50.400><c> recently</c><00:44:50.720><c> got</c><00:44:50.960><c> funded</c>

00:44:51.430 --> 00:44:51.440 align:start position:0%
that and we just recently got funded
 

00:44:51.440 --> 00:44:53.109 align:start position:0%
that and we just recently got funded
through<00:44:51.760><c> the</c><00:44:51.920><c> national</c><00:44:52.240><c> robotics</c><00:44:52.720><c> initiative</c>

00:44:53.109 --> 00:44:53.119 align:start position:0%
through the national robotics initiative
 

00:44:53.119 --> 00:44:54.309 align:start position:0%
through the national robotics initiative
to<00:44:53.359><c> advance</c><00:44:53.680><c> this</c><00:44:53.920><c> work</c>

00:44:54.309 --> 00:44:54.319 align:start position:0%
to advance this work
 

00:44:54.319 --> 00:44:56.069 align:start position:0%
to advance this work
so<00:44:54.960><c> in</c><00:44:55.119><c> the</c><00:44:55.200><c> next</c><00:44:55.440><c> four</c><00:44:55.680><c> years</c><00:44:55.920><c> you're</c><00:44:56.000><c> going</c>

00:44:56.069 --> 00:44:56.079 align:start position:0%
so in the next four years you're going
 

00:44:56.079 --> 00:44:57.510 align:start position:0%
so in the next four years you're going
to<00:44:56.160><c> see</c><00:44:56.319><c> great</c><00:44:56.480><c> things</c><00:44:56.800><c> coming</c><00:44:57.040><c> out</c><00:44:57.119><c> of</c>

00:44:57.510 --> 00:44:57.520 align:start position:0%
to see great things coming out of
 

00:44:57.520 --> 00:45:02.230 align:start position:0%
to see great things coming out of
this<00:44:57.760><c> group</c><00:44:59.280><c> i</c><00:44:59.440><c> just</c><00:44:59.680><c> interviewed</c><00:45:00.160><c> russ</c>

00:45:02.230 --> 00:45:02.240 align:start position:0%
this group i just interviewed russ
 

00:45:02.240 --> 00:45:04.630 align:start position:0%
this group i just interviewed russ
what's<00:45:02.560><c> what's</c><00:45:02.800><c> he</c><00:45:02.960><c> like</c><00:45:03.200><c> as</c><00:45:03.280><c> a</c><00:45:03.359><c> collaborator</c>

00:45:04.630 --> 00:45:04.640 align:start position:0%
what's what's he like as a collaborator
 

00:45:04.640 --> 00:45:06.150 align:start position:0%
what's what's he like as a collaborator
well

00:45:06.150 --> 00:45:06.160 align:start position:0%
well
 

00:45:06.160 --> 00:45:09.349 align:start position:0%
well
um<00:45:07.599><c> let's</c><00:45:07.920><c> see</c>

00:45:09.349 --> 00:45:09.359 align:start position:0%
um let's see
 

00:45:09.359 --> 00:45:11.349 align:start position:0%
um let's see
the<00:45:09.520><c> fact</c><00:45:09.760><c> that</c><00:45:09.920><c> i'm</c><00:45:10.079><c> hesitating</c><00:45:10.880><c> means</c><00:45:11.200><c> i</c>

00:45:11.349 --> 00:45:11.359 align:start position:0%
the fact that i'm hesitating means i
 

00:45:11.359 --> 00:45:13.349 align:start position:0%
the fact that i'm hesitating means i
have<00:45:11.520><c> to</c><00:45:11.920><c> come</c><00:45:12.160><c> up</c><00:45:12.240><c> with</c><00:45:12.400><c> the</c><00:45:12.560><c> right</c><00:45:12.960><c> set</c><00:45:13.119><c> of</c>

00:45:13.349 --> 00:45:13.359 align:start position:0%
have to come up with the right set of
 

00:45:13.359 --> 00:45:13.829 align:start position:0%
have to come up with the right set of
words

00:45:13.829 --> 00:45:13.839 align:start position:0%
words
 

00:45:13.839 --> 00:45:16.150 align:start position:0%
words
and<00:45:14.000><c> the</c><00:45:14.160><c> reason</c><00:45:14.640><c> why</c><00:45:15.040><c> is</c><00:45:15.359><c> russ</c><00:45:15.839><c> is</c><00:45:16.000><c> an</c>

00:45:16.150 --> 00:45:16.160 align:start position:0%
and the reason why is russ is an
 

00:45:16.160 --> 00:45:20.870 align:start position:0%
and the reason why is russ is an
incredibly<00:45:16.880><c> special</c><00:45:17.359><c> person</c>

00:45:20.870 --> 00:45:20.880 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:45:20.880 --> 00:45:24.309 align:start position:0%
 
he<00:45:22.160><c> is</c><00:45:22.400><c> your</c><00:45:22.720><c> best</c><00:45:23.040><c> friend</c>

00:45:24.309 --> 00:45:24.319 align:start position:0%
he is your best friend
 

00:45:24.319 --> 00:45:27.910 align:start position:0%
he is your best friend
and<00:45:24.960><c> he</c><00:45:26.240><c> can</c><00:45:26.400><c> be</c><00:45:26.560><c> thick</c><00:45:26.800><c> headed</c>

00:45:27.910 --> 00:45:27.920 align:start position:0%
and he can be thick headed
 

00:45:27.920 --> 00:45:30.230 align:start position:0%
and he can be thick headed
and<00:45:28.800><c> sometimes</c><00:45:29.200><c> it's</c><00:45:29.440><c> great</c><00:45:29.680><c> that</c><00:45:29.839><c> he's</c><00:45:30.079><c> thick</c>

00:45:30.230 --> 00:45:30.240 align:start position:0%
and sometimes it's great that he's thick
 

00:45:30.240 --> 00:45:31.589 align:start position:0%
and sometimes it's great that he's thick
headed

00:45:31.589 --> 00:45:31.599 align:start position:0%
headed
 

00:45:31.599 --> 00:45:35.190 align:start position:0%
headed
but<00:45:32.480><c> he</c><00:45:33.200><c> is</c><00:45:33.920><c> thoughtful</c>

00:45:35.190 --> 00:45:35.200 align:start position:0%
but he is thoughtful
 

00:45:35.200 --> 00:45:38.710 align:start position:0%
but he is thoughtful
kind<00:45:36.240><c> and</c><00:45:36.720><c> supportive</c><00:45:38.079><c> he's</c><00:45:38.240><c> just</c><00:45:38.480><c> a</c>

00:45:38.710 --> 00:45:38.720 align:start position:0%
kind and supportive he's just a
 

00:45:38.720 --> 00:45:39.910 align:start position:0%
kind and supportive he's just a
wonderful<00:45:39.200><c> person</c>

00:45:39.910 --> 00:45:39.920 align:start position:0%
wonderful person
 

00:45:39.920 --> 00:45:41.510 align:start position:0%
wonderful person
to<00:45:40.079><c> deal</c><00:45:40.319><c> with</c><00:45:40.720><c> but</c><00:45:40.880><c> there's</c><00:45:41.040><c> always</c><00:45:41.280><c> that</c>

00:45:41.510 --> 00:45:41.520 align:start position:0%
to deal with but there's always that
 

00:45:41.520 --> 00:45:43.990 align:start position:0%
to deal with but there's always that
exterior<00:45:42.640><c> you</c><00:45:42.800><c> have</c><00:45:42.960><c> to</c><00:45:43.040><c> break</c>

00:45:43.990 --> 00:45:44.000 align:start position:0%
exterior you have to break
 

00:45:44.000 --> 00:45:47.190 align:start position:0%
exterior you have to break
however<00:45:45.359><c> one</c><00:45:45.599><c> thing</c><00:45:45.839><c> about</c><00:45:46.160><c> robotics</c><00:45:46.880><c> is</c><00:45:47.040><c> it's</c>

00:45:47.190 --> 00:45:47.200 align:start position:0%
however one thing about robotics is it's
 

00:45:47.200 --> 00:45:48.309 align:start position:0%
however one thing about robotics is it's
a<00:45:47.280><c> team</c><00:45:47.599><c> sports</c>

00:45:48.309 --> 00:45:48.319 align:start position:0%
a team sports
 

00:45:48.319 --> 00:45:52.390 align:start position:0%
a team sports
and<00:45:48.480><c> the</c><00:45:48.640><c> personalities</c><00:45:49.599><c> among</c><00:45:50.079><c> nabil</c><00:45:50.640><c> saman</c>

00:45:52.390 --> 00:45:52.400 align:start position:0%
and the personalities among nabil saman
 

00:45:52.400 --> 00:45:55.510 align:start position:0%
and the personalities among nabil saman
rush<00:45:52.720><c> taylor</c><00:45:53.119><c> and</c><00:45:53.280><c> me</c><00:45:53.920><c> just</c><00:45:54.400><c> match</c><00:45:54.720><c> perfectly</c>

00:45:55.510 --> 00:45:55.520 align:start position:0%
rush taylor and me just match perfectly
 

00:45:55.520 --> 00:45:57.589 align:start position:0%
rush taylor and me just match perfectly
so<00:45:55.760><c> russ</c><00:45:56.000><c> and</c><00:45:56.079><c> i</c><00:45:56.240><c> can</c><00:45:56.480><c> argue</c><00:45:56.880><c> like</c><00:45:57.200><c> cats</c><00:45:57.440><c> and</c>

00:45:57.589 --> 00:45:57.599 align:start position:0%
so russ and i can argue like cats and
 

00:45:57.599 --> 00:45:58.870 align:start position:0%
so russ and i can argue like cats and
dogs

00:45:58.870 --> 00:45:58.880 align:start position:0%
dogs
 

00:45:58.880 --> 00:46:01.430 align:start position:0%
dogs
and<00:45:58.960><c> then</c><00:45:59.119><c> two</c><00:45:59.280><c> minutes</c><00:45:59.599><c> later</c><00:46:00.800><c> an</c><00:46:01.119><c> observer</c>

00:46:01.430 --> 00:46:01.440 align:start position:0%
and then two minutes later an observer
 

00:46:01.440 --> 00:46:02.470 align:start position:0%
and then two minutes later an observer
would<00:46:01.599><c> never</c><00:46:01.760><c> even</c><00:46:01.920><c> know</c><00:46:02.079><c> we</c><00:46:02.240><c> were</c><00:46:02.319><c> just</c>

00:46:02.470 --> 00:46:02.480 align:start position:0%
would never even know we were just
 

00:46:02.480 --> 00:46:03.430 align:start position:0%
would never even know we were just
arguing<00:46:02.800><c> a</c><00:46:02.800><c> minute</c><00:46:02.960><c> later</c><00:46:03.200><c> because</c><00:46:03.280><c> that's</c>

00:46:03.430 --> 00:46:03.440 align:start position:0%
arguing a minute later because that's
 

00:46:03.440 --> 00:46:04.870 align:start position:0%
arguing a minute later because that's
the<00:46:03.520><c> kind</c><00:46:03.599><c> of</c><00:46:03.680><c> dynamic</c><00:46:04.079><c> you</c><00:46:04.160><c> know</c>

00:46:04.870 --> 00:46:04.880 align:start position:0%
the kind of dynamic you know
 

00:46:04.880 --> 00:46:07.589 align:start position:0%
the kind of dynamic you know
we<00:46:05.040><c> were</c><00:46:05.200><c> able</c><00:46:05.359><c> to</c><00:46:05.440><c> develop</c><00:46:06.720><c> russ</c><00:46:07.119><c> has</c><00:46:07.359><c> this</c>

00:46:07.589 --> 00:46:07.599 align:start position:0%
we were able to develop russ has this
 

00:46:07.599 --> 00:46:09.910 align:start position:0%
we were able to develop russ has this
incredible<00:46:08.319><c> breath</c><00:46:08.720><c> of</c><00:46:08.960><c> knowledge</c><00:46:09.520><c> that</c><00:46:09.680><c> he</c>

00:46:09.910 --> 00:46:09.920 align:start position:0%
incredible breath of knowledge that he
 

00:46:09.920 --> 00:46:11.030 align:start position:0%
incredible breath of knowledge that he
brings

00:46:11.030 --> 00:46:11.040 align:start position:0%
brings
 

00:46:11.040 --> 00:46:12.870 align:start position:0%
brings
to<00:46:11.200><c> the</c><00:46:11.359><c> table</c><00:46:11.680><c> and</c><00:46:11.839><c> he's</c><00:46:12.000><c> quite</c><00:46:12.240><c> humble</c><00:46:12.560><c> about</c>

00:46:12.870 --> 00:46:12.880 align:start position:0%
to the table and he's quite humble about
 

00:46:12.880 --> 00:46:14.790 align:start position:0%
to the table and he's quite humble about
it<00:46:13.520><c> too</c><00:46:13.760><c> you</c><00:46:13.920><c> know</c><00:46:14.000><c> he</c><00:46:14.160><c> is</c><00:46:14.319><c> the</c><00:46:14.400><c> father</c><00:46:14.720><c> of</c>

00:46:14.790 --> 00:46:14.800 align:start position:0%
it too you know he is the father of
 

00:46:14.800 --> 00:46:16.150 align:start position:0%
it too you know he is the father of
medical<00:46:15.119><c> robotics</c><00:46:15.599><c> and</c><00:46:15.680><c> he's</c><00:46:15.839><c> the</c><00:46:15.920><c> one</c><00:46:16.000><c> who</c>

00:46:16.150 --> 00:46:16.160 align:start position:0%
medical robotics and he's the one who
 

00:46:16.160 --> 00:46:16.950 align:start position:0%
medical robotics and he's the one who
started<00:46:16.480><c> all</c><00:46:16.640><c> this</c>

00:46:16.950 --> 00:46:16.960 align:start position:0%
started all this
 

00:46:16.960 --> 00:46:19.589 align:start position:0%
started all this
so<00:46:17.119><c> i</c><00:46:17.280><c> find</c><00:46:17.520><c> it</c><00:46:17.680><c> an</c><00:46:17.839><c> honor</c><00:46:18.160><c> and</c><00:46:18.240><c> a</c><00:46:18.400><c> privilege</c><00:46:19.440><c> to</c>

00:46:19.589 --> 00:46:19.599 align:start position:0%
so i find it an honor and a privilege to
 

00:46:19.599 --> 00:46:21.190 align:start position:0%
so i find it an honor and a privilege to
be<00:46:19.839><c> working</c><00:46:20.160><c> with</c><00:46:20.400><c> him</c>

00:46:21.190 --> 00:46:21.200 align:start position:0%
be working with him
 

00:46:21.200 --> 00:46:23.670 align:start position:0%
be working with him
and<00:46:21.680><c> when</c><00:46:22.240><c> to</c><00:46:22.400><c> hear</c><00:46:22.560><c> him</c><00:46:22.800><c> say</c><00:46:23.119><c> kind</c><00:46:23.359><c> things</c>

00:46:23.670 --> 00:46:23.680 align:start position:0%
and when to hear him say kind things
 

00:46:23.680 --> 00:46:24.950 align:start position:0%
and when to hear him say kind things
about<00:46:23.920><c> the</c><00:46:24.079><c> work</c>

00:46:24.950 --> 00:46:24.960 align:start position:0%
about the work
 

00:46:24.960 --> 00:46:28.309 align:start position:0%
about the work
that<00:46:25.359><c> that</c><00:46:25.520><c> my</c><00:46:25.680><c> group</c><00:46:26.000><c> does</c><00:46:27.040><c> nabil</c><00:46:27.599><c> saman</c>

00:46:28.309 --> 00:46:28.319 align:start position:0%
that that my group does nabil saman
 

00:46:28.319 --> 00:46:31.349 align:start position:0%
that that my group does nabil saman
is<00:46:28.480><c> probably</c><00:46:28.880><c> the</c><00:46:29.200><c> nicest</c><00:46:29.760><c> person</c><00:46:31.119><c> in</c>

00:46:31.349 --> 00:46:31.359 align:start position:0%
is probably the nicest person in
 

00:46:31.359 --> 00:46:32.390 align:start position:0%
is probably the nicest person in
robotics<00:46:31.839><c> he's</c><00:46:32.000><c> just</c>

00:46:32.390 --> 00:46:32.400 align:start position:0%
robotics he's just
 

00:46:32.400 --> 00:46:37.309 align:start position:0%
robotics he's just
a<00:46:32.640><c> nice</c><00:46:32.960><c> guy</c><00:46:34.000><c> um</c><00:46:34.800><c> to</c><00:46:34.960><c> spell</c><00:46:35.280><c> his</c><00:46:35.359><c> name</c><00:46:35.520><c> it's</c>

00:46:37.309 --> 00:46:37.319 align:start position:0%
a nice guy um to spell his name it's
 

00:46:37.319 --> 00:46:39.589 align:start position:0%
a nice guy um to spell his name it's
n-a-b-i-l-s-i-m-a-a-n

00:46:39.589 --> 00:46:39.599 align:start position:0%
n-a-b-i-l-s-i-m-a-a-n
 

00:46:39.599 --> 00:46:43.510 align:start position:0%
n-a-b-i-l-s-i-m-a-a-n
nabil<00:46:40.240><c> saman</c><00:46:41.359><c> he</c><00:46:41.920><c> uh</c>

00:46:43.510 --> 00:46:43.520 align:start position:0%
nabil saman he uh
 

00:46:43.520 --> 00:46:47.190 align:start position:0%
nabil saman he uh
i<00:46:43.760><c> think</c><00:46:44.640><c> is</c><00:46:45.040><c> the</c><00:46:45.359><c> most</c><00:46:45.760><c> up-and-coming</c>

00:46:47.190 --> 00:46:47.200 align:start position:0%
i think is the most up-and-coming
 

00:46:47.200 --> 00:46:49.109 align:start position:0%
i think is the most up-and-coming
researcher<00:46:47.839><c> in</c><00:46:48.000><c> medical</c><00:46:48.319><c> robotics</c><00:46:48.880><c> i</c><00:46:48.960><c> think</c>

00:46:49.109 --> 00:46:49.119 align:start position:0%
researcher in medical robotics i think
 

00:46:49.119 --> 00:46:50.309 align:start position:0%
researcher in medical robotics i think
his<00:46:49.359><c> group</c><00:46:49.599><c> generates</c>

00:46:50.309 --> 00:46:50.319 align:start position:0%
his group generates
 

00:46:50.319 --> 00:46:54.390 align:start position:0%
his group generates
the<00:46:50.640><c> most</c><00:46:51.040><c> number</c><00:46:51.920><c> of</c><00:46:52.880><c> neat</c><00:46:53.200><c> medical</c><00:46:53.599><c> devices</c>

00:46:54.390 --> 00:46:54.400 align:start position:0%
the most number of neat medical devices
 

00:46:54.400 --> 00:46:56.870 align:start position:0%
the most number of neat medical devices
as<00:46:54.560><c> well</c><00:46:54.720><c> as</c><00:46:54.960><c> algorithms</c><00:46:55.760><c> uh</c><00:46:55.920><c> to</c><00:46:56.079><c> control</c><00:46:56.480><c> them</c>

00:46:56.870 --> 00:46:56.880 align:start position:0%
as well as algorithms uh to control them
 

00:46:56.880 --> 00:46:59.430 align:start position:0%
as well as algorithms uh to control them
he<00:46:57.040><c> he's</c><00:46:57.200><c> just</c><00:46:57.440><c> a</c><00:46:58.079><c> wonderful</c><00:46:58.480><c> academic</c>

00:46:59.430 --> 00:46:59.440 align:start position:0%
he he's just a wonderful academic
 

00:46:59.440 --> 00:47:00.069 align:start position:0%
he he's just a wonderful academic
because<00:46:59.599><c> he's</c>

00:47:00.069 --> 00:47:00.079 align:start position:0%
because he's
 

00:47:00.079 --> 00:47:02.069 align:start position:0%
because he's
theoretically<00:47:00.640><c> grounded</c><00:47:01.440><c> and</c><00:47:01.599><c> at</c><00:47:01.680><c> the</c><00:47:01.839><c> same</c>

00:47:02.069 --> 00:47:02.079 align:start position:0%
theoretically grounded and at the same
 

00:47:02.079 --> 00:47:03.990 align:start position:0%
theoretically grounded and at the same
time<00:47:02.640><c> he</c><00:47:02.800><c> can</c><00:47:03.040><c> interact</c><00:47:03.520><c> and</c><00:47:03.599><c> work</c><00:47:03.839><c> with</c>

00:47:03.990 --> 00:47:04.000 align:start position:0%
time he can interact and work with
 

00:47:04.000 --> 00:47:04.950 align:start position:0%
time he can interact and work with
industry

00:47:04.950 --> 00:47:04.960 align:start position:0%
industry
 

00:47:04.960 --> 00:47:07.430 align:start position:0%
industry
and<00:47:05.119><c> the</c><00:47:05.200><c> three</c><00:47:05.440><c> of</c><00:47:05.520><c> us</c><00:47:05.760><c> just</c><00:47:06.000><c> have</c><00:47:06.240><c> this</c><00:47:07.119><c> nice</c>

00:47:07.430 --> 00:47:07.440 align:start position:0%
and the three of us just have this nice
 

00:47:07.440 --> 00:47:08.550 align:start position:0%
and the three of us just have this nice
rapport

00:47:08.550 --> 00:47:08.560 align:start position:0%
rapport
 

00:47:08.560 --> 00:47:12.069 align:start position:0%
rapport
and<00:47:09.200><c> complementary</c><00:47:10.560><c> uh</c><00:47:10.880><c> skill</c><00:47:11.200><c> sets</c><00:47:11.680><c> that</c>

00:47:12.069 --> 00:47:12.079 align:start position:0%
and complementary uh skill sets that
 

00:47:12.079 --> 00:47:15.190 align:start position:0%
and complementary uh skill sets that
allow<00:47:12.640><c> this</c><00:47:13.200><c> collaboration</c><00:47:13.760><c> to</c><00:47:13.920><c> work</c><00:47:14.400><c> in</c><00:47:14.560><c> fact</c>

00:47:15.190 --> 00:47:15.200 align:start position:0%
allow this collaboration to work in fact
 

00:47:15.200 --> 00:47:16.630 align:start position:0%
allow this collaboration to work in fact
what's<00:47:15.520><c> unique</c><00:47:15.839><c> among</c><00:47:16.160><c> about</c><00:47:16.400><c> this</c>

00:47:16.630 --> 00:47:16.640 align:start position:0%
what's unique among about this
 

00:47:16.640 --> 00:47:18.309 align:start position:0%
what's unique among about this
collaboration<00:47:17.359><c> is</c><00:47:17.440><c> we're</c><00:47:17.760><c> we're</c><00:47:18.000><c> different</c>

00:47:18.309 --> 00:47:18.319 align:start position:0%
collaboration is we're we're different
 

00:47:18.319 --> 00:47:19.270 align:start position:0%
collaboration is we're we're different
universities

00:47:19.270 --> 00:47:19.280 align:start position:0%
universities
 

00:47:19.280 --> 00:47:20.790 align:start position:0%
universities
and<00:47:19.440><c> yet</c><00:47:19.599><c> we</c><00:47:19.760><c> talk</c><00:47:19.920><c> directly</c><00:47:20.319><c> to</c><00:47:20.400><c> each</c><00:47:20.640><c> other</c>

00:47:20.790 --> 00:47:20.800 align:start position:0%
and yet we talk directly to each other
 

00:47:20.800 --> 00:47:22.630 align:start position:0%
and yet we talk directly to each other
students<00:47:21.680><c> you</c><00:47:21.839><c> know</c><00:47:21.920><c> as</c><00:47:22.079><c> if</c>

00:47:22.630 --> 00:47:22.640 align:start position:0%
students you know as if
 

00:47:22.640 --> 00:47:23.829 align:start position:0%
students you know as if
you<00:47:22.720><c> know</c><00:47:22.880><c> as</c><00:47:23.040><c> if</c><00:47:23.119><c> you</c><00:47:23.280><c> know</c><00:47:23.359><c> as</c><00:47:23.520><c> if</c><00:47:23.680><c> his</c>

00:47:23.829 --> 00:47:23.839 align:start position:0%
you know as if you know as if his
 

00:47:23.839 --> 00:47:27.109 align:start position:0%
you know as if you know as if his
students<00:47:24.160><c> are</c><00:47:24.240><c> mine</c><00:47:24.480><c> vice</c><00:47:24.800><c> versa</c>

00:47:27.109 --> 00:47:27.119 align:start position:0%
students are mine vice versa
 

00:47:27.119 --> 00:47:29.990 align:start position:0%
students are mine vice versa
great<00:47:28.319><c> and</c><00:47:28.559><c> um</c><00:47:29.119><c> so</c><00:47:29.280><c> what's</c><00:47:29.440><c> the</c><00:47:29.599><c> environment</c>

00:47:29.990 --> 00:47:30.000 align:start position:0%
great and um so what's the environment
 

00:47:30.000 --> 00:47:31.990 align:start position:0%
great and um so what's the environment
that<00:47:30.240><c> occurred</c><00:47:30.559><c> in</c><00:47:30.720><c> mellon</c><00:47:31.040><c> like</c>

00:47:31.990 --> 00:47:32.000 align:start position:0%
that occurred in mellon like
 

00:47:32.000 --> 00:47:33.990 align:start position:0%
that occurred in mellon like
carnegie<00:47:32.480><c> mellon</c><00:47:32.800><c> university</c><00:47:33.280><c> is</c><00:47:33.440><c> a</c><00:47:33.520><c> special</c>

00:47:33.990 --> 00:47:34.000 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon university is a special
 

00:47:34.000 --> 00:47:36.710 align:start position:0%
carnegie mellon university is a special
place<00:47:34.800><c> especially</c><00:47:35.359><c> for</c><00:47:35.520><c> robotics</c>

00:47:36.710 --> 00:47:36.720 align:start position:0%
place especially for robotics
 

00:47:36.720 --> 00:47:39.750 align:start position:0%
place especially for robotics
it's<00:47:36.960><c> a</c><00:47:37.200><c> small</c><00:47:37.599><c> school</c><00:47:38.400><c> but</c><00:47:38.559><c> we're</c><00:47:38.880><c> big</c><00:47:39.359><c> on</c>

00:47:39.750 --> 00:47:39.760 align:start position:0%
it's a small school but we're big on
 

00:47:39.760 --> 00:47:40.870 align:start position:0%
it's a small school but we're big on
robotics

00:47:40.870 --> 00:47:40.880 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:47:40.880 --> 00:47:42.549 align:start position:0%
robotics
so<00:47:41.040><c> you</c><00:47:41.200><c> have</c><00:47:41.280><c> that</c><00:47:41.440><c> small</c><00:47:41.760><c> school</c><00:47:42.079><c> feel</c><00:47:42.400><c> but</c>

00:47:42.549 --> 00:47:42.559 align:start position:0%
so you have that small school feel but
 

00:47:42.559 --> 00:47:44.470 align:start position:0%
so you have that small school feel but
yet<00:47:42.720><c> that</c><00:47:43.760><c> critical</c>

00:47:44.470 --> 00:47:44.480 align:start position:0%
yet that critical
 

00:47:44.480 --> 00:47:46.790 align:start position:0%
yet that critical
mass<00:47:44.880><c> more</c><00:47:45.040><c> than</c><00:47:45.200><c> critical</c><00:47:45.599><c> mass</c><00:47:46.319><c> to</c><00:47:46.480><c> work</c><00:47:46.720><c> on</c>

00:47:46.790 --> 00:47:46.800 align:start position:0%
mass more than critical mass to work on
 

00:47:46.800 --> 00:47:48.230 align:start position:0%
mass more than critical mass to work on
robotics

00:47:48.230 --> 00:47:48.240 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:47:48.240 --> 00:47:51.270 align:start position:0%
robotics
i<00:47:48.480><c> would</c><00:47:48.720><c> say</c><00:47:49.920><c> my</c><00:47:50.240><c> collaborators</c>

00:47:51.270 --> 00:47:51.280 align:start position:0%
i would say my collaborators
 

00:47:51.280 --> 00:47:54.390 align:start position:0%
i would say my collaborators
colleagues<00:47:51.839><c> my</c><00:47:52.079><c> friends</c><00:47:53.040><c> in</c><00:47:53.119><c> the</c><00:47:53.280><c> department</c>

00:47:54.390 --> 00:47:54.400 align:start position:0%
colleagues my friends in the department
 

00:47:54.400 --> 00:47:57.030 align:start position:0%
colleagues my friends in the department
although<00:47:54.720><c> we</c><00:47:54.880><c> all</c><00:47:55.040><c> have</c><00:47:55.359><c> varied</c><00:47:55.839><c> interests</c><00:47:56.880><c> we</c>

00:47:57.030 --> 00:47:57.040 align:start position:0%
although we all have varied interests we
 

00:47:57.040 --> 00:47:58.710 align:start position:0%
although we all have varied interests we
all<00:47:57.280><c> have</c><00:47:57.440><c> a</c><00:47:57.680><c> deep</c><00:47:57.920><c> respect</c>

00:47:58.710 --> 00:47:58.720 align:start position:0%
all have a deep respect
 

00:47:58.720 --> 00:48:01.670 align:start position:0%
all have a deep respect
and<00:47:58.880><c> a</c><00:47:59.280><c> deep</c><00:47:59.680><c> understanding</c><00:48:01.040><c> of</c><00:48:01.200><c> the</c><00:48:01.440><c> other</c>

00:48:01.670 --> 00:48:01.680 align:start position:0%
and a deep understanding of the other
 

00:48:01.680 --> 00:48:02.870 align:start position:0%
and a deep understanding of the other
interests<00:48:02.000><c> in</c><00:48:02.079><c> fact</c><00:48:02.319><c> i</c><00:48:02.400><c> would</c><00:48:02.480><c> say</c><00:48:02.720><c> take</c><00:48:02.880><c> a</c>

00:48:02.870 --> 00:48:02.880 align:start position:0%
interests in fact i would say take a
 

00:48:02.880 --> 00:48:03.349 align:start position:0%
interests in fact i would say take a
step

00:48:03.349 --> 00:48:03.359 align:start position:0%
step
 

00:48:03.359 --> 00:48:05.270 align:start position:0%
step
further<00:48:04.079><c> we</c><00:48:04.240><c> have</c><00:48:04.319><c> a</c><00:48:04.400><c> deep</c><00:48:04.720><c> understanding</c><00:48:05.200><c> of</c>

00:48:05.270 --> 00:48:05.280 align:start position:0%
further we have a deep understanding of
 

00:48:05.280 --> 00:48:06.950 align:start position:0%
further we have a deep understanding of
what<00:48:05.440><c> we</c><00:48:05.520><c> don't</c><00:48:05.760><c> know</c><00:48:06.240><c> about</c><00:48:06.559><c> each</c><00:48:06.720><c> other's</c>

00:48:06.950 --> 00:48:06.960 align:start position:0%
what we don't know about each other's
 

00:48:06.960 --> 00:48:07.829 align:start position:0%
what we don't know about each other's
interests

00:48:07.829 --> 00:48:07.839 align:start position:0%
interests
 

00:48:07.839 --> 00:48:09.990 align:start position:0%
interests
so<00:48:08.079><c> when</c><00:48:08.319><c> i</c><00:48:08.480><c> have</c><00:48:08.640><c> a</c><00:48:08.720><c> problem</c><00:48:09.119><c> with</c><00:48:09.280><c> vision</c><00:48:09.839><c> i</c>

00:48:09.990 --> 00:48:10.000 align:start position:0%
so when i have a problem with vision i
 

00:48:10.000 --> 00:48:11.349 align:start position:0%
so when i have a problem with vision i
can<00:48:10.160><c> go</c><00:48:10.319><c> talk</c><00:48:10.559><c> with</c><00:48:10.720><c> yasser</c>

00:48:11.349 --> 00:48:11.359 align:start position:0%
can go talk with yasser
 

00:48:11.359 --> 00:48:13.349 align:start position:0%
can go talk with yasser
marchelle<00:48:11.920><c> or</c><00:48:12.000><c> avanov</c><00:48:12.640><c> depending</c><00:48:12.960><c> on</c><00:48:13.280><c> the</c>

00:48:13.349 --> 00:48:13.359 align:start position:0%
marchelle or avanov depending on the
 

00:48:13.359 --> 00:48:15.430 align:start position:0%
marchelle or avanov depending on the
particular<00:48:13.839><c> problem</c><00:48:14.240><c> i</c><00:48:14.319><c> have</c><00:48:14.480><c> with</c><00:48:14.720><c> vision</c>

00:48:15.430 --> 00:48:15.440 align:start position:0%
particular problem i have with vision
 

00:48:15.440 --> 00:48:18.630 align:start position:0%
particular problem i have with vision
if<00:48:15.599><c> i</c><00:48:15.760><c> have</c><00:48:15.920><c> a</c><00:48:16.000><c> problem</c><00:48:16.559><c> with</c><00:48:17.280><c> um</c>

00:48:18.630 --> 00:48:18.640 align:start position:0%
if i have a problem with um
 

00:48:18.640 --> 00:48:21.270 align:start position:0%
if i have a problem with um
singular<00:48:19.040><c> value</c><00:48:19.359><c> decompositions</c><00:48:20.800><c> i</c><00:48:21.040><c> talk</c>

00:48:21.270 --> 00:48:21.280 align:start position:0%
singular value decompositions i talk
 

00:48:21.280 --> 00:48:22.549 align:start position:0%
singular value decompositions i talk
with<00:48:21.520><c> my</c><00:48:21.760><c> vision</c>

00:48:22.549 --> 00:48:22.559 align:start position:0%
with my vision
 

00:48:22.559 --> 00:48:25.270 align:start position:0%
with my vision
friend<00:48:23.280><c> fernando</c><00:48:24.240><c> why</c><00:48:24.400><c> would</c><00:48:24.640><c> i</c><00:48:24.720><c> have</c>

00:48:25.270 --> 00:48:25.280 align:start position:0%
friend fernando why would i have
 

00:48:25.280 --> 00:48:26.470 align:start position:0%
friend fernando why would i have
problems<00:48:25.520><c> with</c><00:48:25.680><c> singular</c><00:48:26.000><c> value</c>

00:48:26.470 --> 00:48:26.480 align:start position:0%
problems with singular value
 

00:48:26.480 --> 00:48:29.030 align:start position:0%
problems with singular value
decompositions<00:48:27.839><c> i'm</c><00:48:28.079><c> now</c><00:48:28.400><c> using</c><00:48:28.880><c> the</c>

00:48:29.030 --> 00:48:29.040 align:start position:0%
decompositions i'm now using the
 

00:48:29.040 --> 00:48:29.670 align:start position:0%
decompositions i'm now using the
analysis

00:48:29.670 --> 00:48:29.680 align:start position:0%
analysis
 

00:48:29.680 --> 00:48:31.910 align:start position:0%
analysis
the<00:48:29.839><c> vision</c><00:48:30.160><c> people</c><00:48:31.119><c> have</c><00:48:31.280><c> been</c><00:48:31.440><c> using</c><00:48:31.760><c> for</c>

00:48:31.910 --> 00:48:31.920 align:start position:0%
the vision people have been using for
 

00:48:31.920 --> 00:48:34.069 align:start position:0%
the vision people have been using for
years<00:48:32.319><c> in</c><00:48:32.480><c> our</c><00:48:32.640><c> locomotion</c><00:48:33.280><c> work</c>

00:48:34.069 --> 00:48:34.079 align:start position:0%
years in our locomotion work
 

00:48:34.079 --> 00:48:36.390 align:start position:0%
years in our locomotion work
in<00:48:34.319><c> fact</c><00:48:34.720><c> machine</c><00:48:35.200><c> learning</c><00:48:35.599><c> is</c><00:48:35.839><c> very</c><00:48:36.079><c> very</c>

00:48:36.390 --> 00:48:36.400 align:start position:0%
in fact machine learning is very very
 

00:48:36.400 --> 00:48:38.950 align:start position:0%
in fact machine learning is very very
big<00:48:37.040><c> at</c><00:48:37.200><c> carnegie</c><00:48:37.599><c> mellon</c><00:48:38.000><c> my</c><00:48:38.240><c> collaborator</c>

00:48:38.950 --> 00:48:38.960 align:start position:0%
big at carnegie mellon my collaborator
 

00:48:38.960 --> 00:48:40.470 align:start position:0%
big at carnegie mellon my collaborator
jeff<00:48:39.200><c> schneider</c><00:48:39.680><c> he</c><00:48:39.839><c> and</c><00:48:40.000><c> i</c><00:48:40.160><c> have</c><00:48:40.319><c> been</c>

00:48:40.470 --> 00:48:40.480 align:start position:0%
jeff schneider he and i have been
 

00:48:40.480 --> 00:48:42.470 align:start position:0%
jeff schneider he and i have been
working<00:48:40.800><c> together</c><00:48:41.119><c> for</c><00:48:41.280><c> seven</c><00:48:41.599><c> years</c>

00:48:42.470 --> 00:48:42.480 align:start position:0%
working together for seven years
 

00:48:42.480 --> 00:48:45.349 align:start position:0%
working together for seven years
on<00:48:42.720><c> applying</c><00:48:43.760><c> machine</c><00:48:44.240><c> learning</c><00:48:44.559><c> techniques</c>

00:48:45.349 --> 00:48:45.359 align:start position:0%
on applying machine learning techniques
 

00:48:45.359 --> 00:48:47.190 align:start position:0%
on applying machine learning techniques
techniques<00:48:45.839><c> that</c><00:48:45.920><c> were</c><00:48:46.079><c> developed</c>

00:48:47.190 --> 00:48:47.200 align:start position:0%
techniques that were developed
 

00:48:47.200 --> 00:48:50.069 align:start position:0%
techniques that were developed
to<00:48:47.920><c> understand</c><00:48:48.319><c> how</c><00:48:48.559><c> galaxies</c><00:48:49.119><c> form</c><00:48:49.599><c> or</c><00:48:49.839><c> for</c>

00:48:50.069 --> 00:48:50.079 align:start position:0%
to understand how galaxies form or for
 

00:48:50.079 --> 00:48:51.829 align:start position:0%
to understand how galaxies form or for
drug<00:48:50.400><c> discovery</c><00:48:50.960><c> we're</c><00:48:51.200><c> now</c>

00:48:51.829 --> 00:48:51.839 align:start position:0%
drug discovery we're now
 

00:48:51.839 --> 00:48:53.829 align:start position:0%
drug discovery we're now
building<00:48:52.160><c> upon</c><00:48:52.480><c> those</c><00:48:52.800><c> techniques</c><00:48:53.680><c> to</c>

00:48:53.829 --> 00:48:53.839 align:start position:0%
building upon those techniques to
 

00:48:53.839 --> 00:48:56.230 align:start position:0%
building upon those techniques to
control<00:48:54.400><c> snake</c><00:48:54.720><c> robots</c>

00:48:56.230 --> 00:48:56.240 align:start position:0%
control snake robots
 

00:48:56.240 --> 00:48:58.790 align:start position:0%
control snake robots
and<00:48:57.119><c> just</c><00:48:57.440><c> having</c><00:48:57.760><c> these</c><00:48:58.079><c> world-class</c>

00:48:58.790 --> 00:48:58.800 align:start position:0%
and just having these world-class
 

00:48:58.800 --> 00:49:00.150 align:start position:0%
and just having these world-class
researchers

00:49:00.150 --> 00:49:00.160 align:start position:0%
researchers
 

00:49:00.160 --> 00:49:02.630 align:start position:0%
researchers
who<00:49:00.640><c> around</c><00:49:00.960><c> you</c><00:49:01.119><c> the</c><00:49:01.200><c> expertise</c><00:49:01.599><c> is</c><00:49:01.839><c> amazing</c>

00:49:02.630 --> 00:49:02.640 align:start position:0%
who around you the expertise is amazing
 

00:49:02.640 --> 00:49:03.670 align:start position:0%
who around you the expertise is amazing
but<00:49:02.800><c> the</c><00:49:02.880><c> next</c><00:49:03.119><c> thing</c><00:49:03.280><c> is</c><00:49:03.440><c> is</c>

00:49:03.670 --> 00:49:03.680 align:start position:0%
but the next thing is is
 

00:49:03.680 --> 00:49:06.230 align:start position:0%
but the next thing is is
the<00:49:03.920><c> the</c><00:49:04.079><c> spirit</c><00:49:04.480><c> of</c><00:49:04.559><c> collaboration</c><00:49:05.440><c> is</c><00:49:05.839><c> very</c>

00:49:06.230 --> 00:49:06.240 align:start position:0%
the the spirit of collaboration is very
 

00:49:06.240 --> 00:49:07.030 align:start position:0%
the the spirit of collaboration is very
high

00:49:07.030 --> 00:49:07.040 align:start position:0%
high
 

00:49:07.040 --> 00:49:09.910 align:start position:0%
high
uh<00:49:07.280><c> at</c><00:49:07.359><c> carnegie</c><00:49:07.760><c> mellon</c><00:49:08.079><c> in</c><00:49:08.240><c> general</c><00:49:09.040><c> and</c><00:49:09.760><c> in</c>

00:49:09.910 --> 00:49:09.920 align:start position:0%
uh at carnegie mellon in general and in
 

00:49:09.920 --> 00:49:11.829 align:start position:0%
uh at carnegie mellon in general and in
the<00:49:10.079><c> robotics</c><00:49:10.640><c> institute</c>

00:49:11.829 --> 00:49:11.839 align:start position:0%
the robotics institute
 

00:49:11.839 --> 00:49:17.349 align:start position:0%
the robotics institute
uh<00:49:12.480><c> finally</c><00:49:13.359><c> people</c><00:49:13.599><c> just</c><00:49:13.839><c> work</c><00:49:14.079><c> hard</c><00:49:14.839><c> and</c><00:49:15.680><c> uh</c>

00:49:17.349 --> 00:49:17.359 align:start position:0%
uh finally people just work hard and uh
 

00:49:17.359 --> 00:49:18.870 align:start position:0%
uh finally people just work hard and uh
knowing<00:49:17.599><c> that</c><00:49:17.839><c> your</c><00:49:18.000><c> colleague</c><00:49:18.400><c> is</c><00:49:18.480><c> working</c>

00:49:18.870 --> 00:49:18.880 align:start position:0%
knowing that your colleague is working
 

00:49:18.880 --> 00:49:21.030 align:start position:0%
knowing that your colleague is working
very<00:49:19.119><c> hard</c><00:49:19.599><c> you</c><00:49:19.680><c> know</c><00:49:19.839><c> in</c><00:49:20.319><c> some</c><00:49:20.480><c> ways</c><00:49:20.880><c> is</c>

00:49:21.030 --> 00:49:21.040 align:start position:0%
very hard you know in some ways is
 

00:49:21.040 --> 00:49:23.030 align:start position:0%
very hard you know in some ways is
inspiring<00:49:21.680><c> but</c><00:49:21.920><c> it's</c><00:49:22.079><c> also</c>

00:49:23.030 --> 00:49:23.040 align:start position:0%
inspiring but it's also
 

00:49:23.040 --> 00:49:24.870 align:start position:0%
inspiring but it's also
uh<00:49:23.599><c> relaxing</c><00:49:24.160><c> because</c><00:49:24.319><c> you're</c><00:49:24.400><c> not</c><00:49:24.559><c> doing</c><00:49:24.720><c> all</c>

00:49:24.870 --> 00:49:24.880 align:start position:0%
uh relaxing because you're not doing all
 

00:49:24.880 --> 00:49:26.230 align:start position:0%
uh relaxing because you're not doing all
the<00:49:24.960><c> work</c>

00:49:26.230 --> 00:49:26.240 align:start position:0%
the work
 

00:49:26.240 --> 00:49:28.309 align:start position:0%
the work
the<00:49:26.400><c> other</c><00:49:26.640><c> thing</c><00:49:27.359><c> about</c><00:49:27.680><c> carnegie</c><00:49:28.079><c> mellon</c>

00:49:28.309 --> 00:49:28.319 align:start position:0%
the other thing about carnegie mellon
 

00:49:28.319 --> 00:49:29.750 align:start position:0%
the other thing about carnegie mellon
that<00:49:28.480><c> i</c><00:49:28.640><c> also</c><00:49:28.960><c> should</c><00:49:29.119><c> stress</c>

00:49:29.750 --> 00:49:29.760 align:start position:0%
that i also should stress
 

00:49:29.760 --> 00:49:32.950 align:start position:0%
that i also should stress
are<00:49:30.079><c> the</c><00:49:30.240><c> students</c><00:49:30.640><c> are</c><00:49:30.720><c> phenomenal</c><00:49:32.240><c> we</c>

00:49:32.950 --> 00:49:32.960 align:start position:0%
are the students are phenomenal we
 

00:49:32.960 --> 00:49:35.829 align:start position:0%
are the students are phenomenal we
get<00:49:33.520><c> amazing</c><00:49:34.240><c> students</c><00:49:34.720><c> who</c><00:49:34.960><c> are</c><00:49:35.280><c> theorically</c>

00:49:35.829 --> 00:49:35.839 align:start position:0%
get amazing students who are theorically
 

00:49:35.839 --> 00:49:36.790 align:start position:0%
get amazing students who are theorically
grounded

00:49:36.790 --> 00:49:36.800 align:start position:0%
grounded
 

00:49:36.800 --> 00:49:39.190 align:start position:0%
grounded
and<00:49:37.119><c> yet</c><00:49:37.760><c> want</c><00:49:38.000><c> to</c><00:49:38.400><c> and</c><00:49:38.559><c> are</c><00:49:38.720><c> very</c><00:49:38.880><c> good</c><00:49:39.119><c> at</c>

00:49:39.190 --> 00:49:39.200 align:start position:0%
and yet want to and are very good at
 

00:49:39.200 --> 00:49:40.790 align:start position:0%
and yet want to and are very good at
making<00:49:39.599><c> robots</c><00:49:40.079><c> work</c>

00:49:40.790 --> 00:49:40.800 align:start position:0%
making robots work
 

00:49:40.800 --> 00:49:43.030 align:start position:0%
making robots work
and<00:49:41.040><c> these</c><00:49:41.520><c> are</c><00:49:41.680><c> students</c><00:49:42.000><c> at</c><00:49:42.160><c> all</c><00:49:42.400><c> levels</c><00:49:42.880><c> we</c>

00:49:43.030 --> 00:49:43.040 align:start position:0%
and these are students at all levels we
 

00:49:43.040 --> 00:49:45.349 align:start position:0%
and these are students at all levels we
have<00:49:43.119><c> the</c><00:49:43.200><c> best</c><00:49:43.599><c> masters</c><00:49:44.160><c> phd</c><00:49:44.720><c> students</c>

00:49:45.349 --> 00:49:45.359 align:start position:0%
have the best masters phd students
 

00:49:45.359 --> 00:49:47.750 align:start position:0%
have the best masters phd students
but<00:49:45.599><c> our</c><00:49:45.760><c> undergraduate</c><00:49:46.400><c> population</c><00:49:47.040><c> is</c><00:49:47.280><c> also</c>

00:49:47.750 --> 00:49:47.760 align:start position:0%
but our undergraduate population is also
 

00:49:47.760 --> 00:49:49.589 align:start position:0%
but our undergraduate population is also
very<00:49:48.079><c> unique</c>

00:49:49.589 --> 00:49:49.599 align:start position:0%
very unique
 

00:49:49.599 --> 00:49:52.309 align:start position:0%
very unique
with<00:49:49.920><c> undergraduates</c><00:49:50.880><c> my</c><00:49:51.119><c> lab</c><00:49:51.520><c> we</c><00:49:51.760><c> actually</c>

00:49:52.309 --> 00:49:52.319 align:start position:0%
with undergraduates my lab we actually
 

00:49:52.319 --> 00:49:53.510 align:start position:0%
with undergraduates my lab we actually
employ

00:49:53.510 --> 00:49:53.520 align:start position:0%
employ
 

00:49:53.520 --> 00:49:55.190 align:start position:0%
employ
probably<00:49:54.079><c> the</c><00:49:54.319><c> greatest</c><00:49:54.720><c> number</c><00:49:54.960><c> of</c>

00:49:55.190 --> 00:49:55.200 align:start position:0%
probably the greatest number of
 

00:49:55.200 --> 00:49:56.870 align:start position:0%
probably the greatest number of
undergraduates<00:49:56.160><c> i</c><00:49:56.319><c> don't</c><00:49:56.400><c> know</c>

00:49:56.870 --> 00:49:56.880 align:start position:0%
undergraduates i don't know
 

00:49:56.880 --> 00:49:57.829 align:start position:0%
undergraduates i don't know
probably<00:49:57.200><c> the</c><00:49:57.280><c> highest</c><00:49:57.520><c> number</c><00:49:57.680><c> of</c>

00:49:57.829 --> 00:49:57.839 align:start position:0%
probably the highest number of
 

00:49:57.839 --> 00:50:00.230 align:start position:0%
probably the highest number of
undergraduates<00:49:58.960><c> and</c><00:49:59.119><c> my</c><00:49:59.359><c> undergraduates</c><00:50:00.000><c> go</c>

00:50:00.230 --> 00:50:00.240 align:start position:0%
undergraduates and my undergraduates go
 

00:50:00.240 --> 00:50:00.630 align:start position:0%
undergraduates and my undergraduates go
off

00:50:00.630 --> 00:50:00.640 align:start position:0%
off
 

00:50:00.640 --> 00:50:02.710 align:start position:0%
off
and<00:50:00.720><c> do</c><00:50:00.960><c> amazing</c><00:50:01.520><c> things</c><00:50:01.920><c> after</c><00:50:02.160><c> they</c><00:50:02.480><c> leave</c>

00:50:02.710 --> 00:50:02.720 align:start position:0%
and do amazing things after they leave
 

00:50:02.720 --> 00:50:05.030 align:start position:0%
and do amazing things after they leave
my<00:50:02.880><c> lab</c><00:50:03.520><c> mainly</c><00:50:03.920><c> because</c><00:50:04.160><c> they</c><00:50:04.319><c> were</c><00:50:04.480><c> amazing</c>

00:50:05.030 --> 00:50:05.040 align:start position:0%
my lab mainly because they were amazing
 

00:50:05.040 --> 00:50:06.790 align:start position:0%
my lab mainly because they were amazing
and<00:50:05.280><c> i</c><00:50:05.520><c> just</c><00:50:05.839><c> was</c><00:50:06.079><c> able</c><00:50:06.319><c> to</c><00:50:06.400><c> give</c><00:50:06.559><c> them</c><00:50:06.640><c> an</c>

00:50:06.790 --> 00:50:06.800 align:start position:0%
and i just was able to give them an
 

00:50:06.800 --> 00:50:08.230 align:start position:0%
and i just was able to give them an
environment<00:50:07.359><c> in</c><00:50:07.440><c> which</c><00:50:07.680><c> they</c><00:50:07.839><c> can</c>

00:50:08.230 --> 00:50:08.240 align:start position:0%
environment in which they can
 

00:50:08.240 --> 00:50:10.630 align:start position:0%
environment in which they can
grow<00:50:08.559><c> just</c><00:50:08.800><c> a</c><00:50:08.880><c> little</c><00:50:09.040><c> bit</c><00:50:09.280><c> more</c><00:50:10.079><c> but</c><00:50:10.319><c> my</c>

00:50:10.630 --> 00:50:10.640 align:start position:0%
grow just a little bit more but my
 

00:50:10.640 --> 00:50:13.270 align:start position:0%
grow just a little bit more but my
undergraduates<00:50:11.280><c> published</c><00:50:11.680><c> papers</c>

00:50:13.270 --> 00:50:13.280 align:start position:0%
undergraduates published papers
 

00:50:13.280 --> 00:50:14.630 align:start position:0%
undergraduates published papers
they've<00:50:13.440><c> had</c><00:50:13.599><c> their</c><00:50:13.839><c> work</c><00:50:14.079><c> appear</c><00:50:14.400><c> on</c><00:50:14.559><c> the</c>

00:50:14.630 --> 00:50:14.640 align:start position:0%
they've had their work appear on the
 

00:50:14.640 --> 00:50:17.190 align:start position:0%
they've had their work appear on the
cover<00:50:14.880><c> of</c><00:50:15.040><c> usa</c><00:50:15.520><c> today</c><00:50:16.240><c> you</c><00:50:16.400><c> know</c><00:50:16.559><c> they</c>

00:50:17.190 --> 00:50:17.200 align:start position:0%
cover of usa today you know they
 

00:50:17.200 --> 00:50:20.790 align:start position:0%
cover of usa today you know they
they<00:50:17.359><c> just</c><00:50:17.680><c> are</c><00:50:17.920><c> great</c><00:50:19.040><c> uh</c><00:50:19.920><c> through</c><00:50:20.240><c> the</c><00:50:20.400><c> work</c>

00:50:20.790 --> 00:50:20.800 align:start position:0%
they just are great uh through the work
 

00:50:20.800 --> 00:50:22.710 align:start position:0%
they just are great uh through the work
with<00:50:21.119><c> these</c><00:50:21.359><c> undergraduates</c><00:50:22.160><c> i've</c><00:50:22.319><c> been</c><00:50:22.480><c> able</c>

00:50:22.710 --> 00:50:22.720 align:start position:0%
with these undergraduates i've been able
 

00:50:22.720 --> 00:50:24.390 align:start position:0%
with these undergraduates i've been able
to<00:50:23.599><c> introduce</c>

00:50:24.390 --> 00:50:24.400 align:start position:0%
to introduce
 

00:50:24.400 --> 00:50:27.190 align:start position:0%
to introduce
a<00:50:24.720><c> new</c><00:50:25.040><c> course</c><00:50:26.079><c> undergraduate</c><00:50:26.960><c> an</c>

00:50:27.190 --> 00:50:27.200 align:start position:0%
a new course undergraduate an
 

00:50:27.200 --> 00:50:28.710 align:start position:0%
a new course undergraduate an
undergraduate<00:50:27.680><c> robotics</c><00:50:28.160><c> course</c><00:50:28.480><c> that's</c><00:50:28.640><c> a</c>

00:50:28.710 --> 00:50:28.720 align:start position:0%
undergraduate robotics course that's a
 

00:50:28.720 --> 00:50:30.309 align:start position:0%
undergraduate robotics course that's a
pleasure<00:50:29.040><c> to</c><00:50:29.200><c> teach</c>

00:50:30.309 --> 00:50:30.319 align:start position:0%
pleasure to teach
 

00:50:30.319 --> 00:50:33.190 align:start position:0%
pleasure to teach
and<00:50:30.800><c> recently</c><00:50:31.760><c> with</c><00:50:32.079><c> my</c><00:50:32.319><c> colleagues</c><00:50:32.880><c> reed</c>

00:50:33.190 --> 00:50:33.200 align:start position:0%
and recently with my colleagues reed
 

00:50:33.200 --> 00:50:34.230 align:start position:0%
and recently with my colleagues reed
simmons

00:50:34.230 --> 00:50:34.240 align:start position:0%
simmons
 

00:50:34.240 --> 00:50:37.750 align:start position:0%
simmons
on<00:50:34.640><c> most</c><00:50:34.880><c> notably</c><00:50:35.520><c> at</c><00:50:35.920><c> carnegie</c><00:50:36.400><c> mellon</c><00:50:37.119><c> we</c>

00:50:37.750 --> 00:50:37.760 align:start position:0%
on most notably at carnegie mellon we
 

00:50:37.760 --> 00:50:41.190 align:start position:0%
on most notably at carnegie mellon we
prescribed<00:50:38.640><c> a</c><00:50:38.800><c> new</c><00:50:39.119><c> major</c><00:50:39.760><c> in</c><00:50:39.920><c> robotics</c>

00:50:41.190 --> 00:50:41.200 align:start position:0%
prescribed a new major in robotics
 

00:50:41.200 --> 00:50:43.030 align:start position:0%
prescribed a new major in robotics
so<00:50:41.440><c> there</c><00:50:41.599><c> were</c><00:50:41.760><c> very</c><00:50:42.000><c> few</c><00:50:42.240><c> places</c><00:50:42.800><c> where</c>

00:50:43.030 --> 00:50:43.040 align:start position:0%
so there were very few places where
 

00:50:43.040 --> 00:50:44.390 align:start position:0%
so there were very few places where
you'd<00:50:43.280><c> have</c>

00:50:44.390 --> 00:50:44.400 align:start position:0%
you'd have
 

00:50:44.400 --> 00:50:47.910 align:start position:0%
you'd have
uh<00:50:45.920><c> enough</c><00:50:46.480><c> undergraduates</c>

00:50:47.910 --> 00:50:47.920 align:start position:0%
uh enough undergraduates
 

00:50:47.920 --> 00:50:50.630 align:start position:0%
uh enough undergraduates
to<00:50:48.079><c> be</c><00:50:48.319><c> so</c><00:50:48.800><c> interested</c><00:50:49.280><c> in</c><00:50:49.440><c> robotics</c><00:50:50.319><c> that</c><00:50:50.480><c> it</c>

00:50:50.630 --> 00:50:50.640 align:start position:0%
to be so interested in robotics that it
 

00:50:50.640 --> 00:50:51.910 align:start position:0%
to be so interested in robotics that it
can<00:50:50.800><c> justify</c>

00:50:51.910 --> 00:50:51.920 align:start position:0%
can justify
 

00:50:51.920 --> 00:50:53.910 align:start position:0%
can justify
my<00:50:52.160><c> teaching</c><00:50:52.559><c> courses</c><00:50:52.880><c> in</c><00:50:52.960><c> robotics</c><00:50:53.760><c> because</c>

00:50:53.910 --> 00:50:53.920 align:start position:0%
my teaching courses in robotics because
 

00:50:53.920 --> 00:50:55.750 align:start position:0%
my teaching courses in robotics because
that's<00:50:54.079><c> what</c><00:50:54.240><c> i</c><00:50:54.319><c> really</c><00:50:54.480><c> want</c><00:50:54.640><c> to</c><00:50:54.720><c> teach</c>

00:50:55.750 --> 00:50:55.760 align:start position:0%
that's what i really want to teach
 

00:50:55.760 --> 00:50:59.109 align:start position:0%
that's what i really want to teach
uh<00:50:56.400><c> as</c><00:50:56.640><c> well</c><00:50:56.880><c> as</c><00:50:57.680><c> have</c><00:50:58.000><c> access</c><00:50:58.400><c> to</c><00:50:58.559><c> a</c><00:50:58.720><c> talent</c>

00:50:59.109 --> 00:50:59.119 align:start position:0%
uh as well as have access to a talent
 

00:50:59.119 --> 00:50:59.589 align:start position:0%
uh as well as have access to a talent
pool

00:50:59.589 --> 00:50:59.599 align:start position:0%
pool
 

00:50:59.599 --> 00:51:01.349 align:start position:0%
pool
to<00:50:59.760><c> further</c><00:51:00.079><c> advance</c><00:51:00.480><c> the</c><00:51:00.640><c> robots</c><00:51:01.040><c> that</c><00:51:01.200><c> we're</c>

00:51:01.349 --> 00:51:01.359 align:start position:0%
to further advance the robots that we're
 

00:51:01.359 --> 00:51:03.030 align:start position:0%
to further advance the robots that we're
developing

00:51:03.030 --> 00:51:03.040 align:start position:0%
developing
 

00:51:03.040 --> 00:51:04.470 align:start position:0%
developing
and<00:51:03.119><c> then</c><00:51:03.280><c> there</c><00:51:03.520><c> any</c><00:51:03.680><c> other</c><00:51:03.920><c> specific</c>

00:51:04.470 --> 00:51:04.480 align:start position:0%
and then there any other specific
 

00:51:04.480 --> 00:51:06.069 align:start position:0%
and then there any other specific
students<00:51:04.960><c> that</c><00:51:05.200><c> you</c><00:51:05.359><c> want</c><00:51:05.520><c> to</c><00:51:05.599><c> mention</c>

00:51:06.069 --> 00:51:06.079 align:start position:0%
students that you want to mention
 

00:51:06.079 --> 00:51:08.470 align:start position:0%
students that you want to mention
or<00:51:06.720><c> who</c><00:51:06.960><c> are</c><00:51:07.040><c> still</c><00:51:07.280><c> working</c><00:51:07.520><c> in</c><00:51:07.680><c> robotics</c><00:51:08.319><c> or</c>

00:51:08.470 --> 00:51:08.480 align:start position:0%
or who are still working in robotics or
 

00:51:08.480 --> 00:51:09.589 align:start position:0%
or who are still working in robotics or
have<00:51:08.559><c> gone</c><00:51:08.800><c> on</c><00:51:08.880><c> to</c><00:51:09.040><c> do</c><00:51:09.200><c> other</c>

00:51:09.589 --> 00:51:09.599 align:start position:0%
have gone on to do other
 

00:51:09.599 --> 00:51:13.270 align:start position:0%
have gone on to do other
robotics<00:51:10.079><c> things</c><00:51:11.200><c> so</c><00:51:12.480><c> let's</c>

00:51:13.270 --> 00:51:13.280 align:start position:0%
robotics things so let's
 

00:51:13.280 --> 00:51:16.950 align:start position:0%
robotics things so let's
go<00:51:13.520><c> in</c><00:51:13.760><c> order</c><00:51:14.880><c> my</c><00:51:15.359><c> first</c><00:51:15.680><c> student</c><00:51:16.079><c> erjon</c><00:51:16.480><c> ajar</c>

00:51:16.950 --> 00:51:16.960 align:start position:0%
go in order my first student erjon ajar
 

00:51:16.960 --> 00:51:18.150 align:start position:0%
go in order my first student erjon ajar
works<00:51:17.280><c> at</c><00:51:17.440><c> intel</c>

00:51:18.150 --> 00:51:18.160 align:start position:0%
works at intel
 

00:51:18.160 --> 00:51:21.270 align:start position:0%
works at intel
on<00:51:18.880><c> microcontroller</c><00:51:19.839><c> automation</c>

00:51:21.270 --> 00:51:21.280 align:start position:0%
on microcontroller automation
 

00:51:21.280 --> 00:51:24.309 align:start position:0%
on microcontroller automation
my<00:51:21.839><c> second</c><00:51:22.400><c> student</c><00:51:23.440><c> i</c><00:51:23.599><c> have</c><00:51:23.680><c> 13</c><00:51:24.079><c> students</c><00:51:24.319><c> i</c>

00:51:24.309 --> 00:51:24.319 align:start position:0%
my second student i have 13 students i
 

00:51:24.319 --> 00:51:25.030 align:start position:0%
my second student i have 13 students i
don't<00:51:24.480><c> know</c><00:51:24.480><c> if</c><00:51:24.559><c> i</c><00:51:24.640><c> want</c><00:51:24.720><c> to</c><00:51:24.800><c> go</c><00:51:24.880><c> through</c><00:51:24.960><c> all</c>

00:51:25.030 --> 00:51:25.040 align:start position:0%
don't know if i want to go through all
 

00:51:25.040 --> 00:51:27.589 align:start position:0%
don't know if i want to go through all
the<00:51:25.200><c> students</c>

00:51:27.589 --> 00:51:27.599 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:51:27.599 --> 00:51:30.549 align:start position:0%
 
all<00:51:27.839><c> of</c><00:51:28.000><c> my</c><00:51:28.319><c> phd</c><00:51:28.880><c> students</c><00:51:29.359><c> either</c><00:51:29.760><c> work</c><00:51:30.319><c> in</c>

00:51:30.549 --> 00:51:30.559 align:start position:0%
all of my phd students either work in
 

00:51:30.559 --> 00:51:31.910 align:start position:0%
all of my phd students either work in
robotics

00:51:31.910 --> 00:51:31.920 align:start position:0%
robotics
 

00:51:31.920 --> 00:51:34.470 align:start position:0%
robotics
or<00:51:32.319><c> they</c><00:51:32.480><c> work</c><00:51:32.640><c> in</c><00:51:32.800><c> a</c><00:51:32.960><c> field</c><00:51:33.839><c> let's</c><00:51:34.079><c> say</c>

00:51:34.470 --> 00:51:34.480 align:start position:0%
or they work in a field let's say
 

00:51:34.480 --> 00:51:36.470 align:start position:0%
or they work in a field let's say
automation<00:51:35.040><c> that</c><00:51:35.200><c> required</c><00:51:35.760><c> a</c><00:51:35.839><c> robotics</c>

00:51:36.470 --> 00:51:36.480 align:start position:0%
automation that required a robotics
 

00:51:36.480 --> 00:51:37.030 align:start position:0%
automation that required a robotics
background

00:51:37.030 --> 00:51:37.040 align:start position:0%
background
 

00:51:37.040 --> 00:51:40.790 align:start position:0%
background
in<00:51:37.200><c> order</c><00:51:37.440><c> to</c><00:51:37.680><c> enter</c><00:51:39.760><c> half</c><00:51:40.000><c> my</c><00:51:40.240><c> students</c>

00:51:40.790 --> 00:51:40.800 align:start position:0%
in order to enter half my students
 

00:51:40.800 --> 00:51:42.470 align:start position:0%
in order to enter half my students
are<00:51:40.960><c> working</c><00:51:41.200><c> in</c><00:51:41.359><c> academia</c><00:51:42.079><c> and</c><00:51:42.160><c> the</c><00:51:42.319><c> other</c>

00:51:42.470 --> 00:51:42.480 align:start position:0%
are working in academia and the other
 

00:51:42.480 --> 00:51:44.470 align:start position:0%
are working in academia and the other
half<00:51:42.720><c> are</c><00:51:42.880><c> working</c><00:51:43.119><c> in</c><00:51:43.280><c> industry</c>

00:51:44.470 --> 00:51:44.480 align:start position:0%
half are working in industry
 

00:51:44.480 --> 00:51:46.870 align:start position:0%
half are working in industry
one<00:51:44.720><c> such</c><00:51:45.040><c> student</c><00:51:45.599><c> sergeant</c><00:51:46.079><c> staff</c><00:51:46.720><c> he</c>

00:51:46.870 --> 00:51:46.880 align:start position:0%
one such student sergeant staff he
 

00:51:46.880 --> 00:51:47.510 align:start position:0%
one such student sergeant staff he
started

00:51:47.510 --> 00:51:47.520 align:start position:0%
started
 

00:51:47.520 --> 00:51:50.870 align:start position:0%
started
a<00:51:47.760><c> toy</c><00:51:48.160><c> robotics</c><00:51:48.640><c> company</c><00:51:49.520><c> and</c><00:51:49.680><c> now</c><00:51:50.240><c> it's</c>

00:51:50.870 --> 00:51:50.880 align:start position:0%
a toy robotics company and now it's
 

00:51:50.880 --> 00:51:53.430 align:start position:0%
a toy robotics company and now it's
been<00:51:51.119><c> morphed</c><00:51:51.599><c> into</c><00:51:52.160><c> a</c><00:51:52.480><c> robotics</c><00:51:53.119><c> company</c>

00:51:53.430 --> 00:51:53.440 align:start position:0%
been morphed into a robotics company
 

00:51:53.440 --> 00:51:54.950 align:start position:0%
been morphed into a robotics company
that<00:51:53.680><c> patrols</c>

00:51:54.950 --> 00:51:54.960 align:start position:0%
that patrols
 

00:51:54.960 --> 00:51:58.069 align:start position:0%
that patrols
warehouses<00:51:56.079><c> and</c><00:51:56.480><c> supermarket</c><00:51:57.119><c> aisles</c><00:51:57.680><c> to</c>

00:51:58.069 --> 00:51:58.079 align:start position:0%
warehouses and supermarket aisles to
 

00:51:58.079 --> 00:52:01.430 align:start position:0%
warehouses and supermarket aisles to
take<00:51:58.400><c> automatic</c><00:51:58.880><c> inventory</c><00:52:00.559><c> uh</c><00:52:01.040><c> i</c><00:52:01.119><c> just</c><00:52:01.280><c> had</c>

00:52:01.430 --> 00:52:01.440 align:start position:0%
take automatic inventory uh i just had
 

00:52:01.440 --> 00:52:03.430 align:start position:0%
take automatic inventory uh i just had
another<00:52:01.680><c> one</c><00:52:01.839><c> of</c><00:52:01.920><c> my</c><00:52:02.079><c> students</c><00:52:02.559><c> go</c><00:52:02.800><c> start</c>

00:52:03.430 --> 00:52:03.440 align:start position:0%
another one of my students go start
 

00:52:03.440 --> 00:52:06.790 align:start position:0%
another one of my students go start
a<00:52:03.920><c> company</c><00:52:05.440><c> in</c><00:52:05.520><c> the</c><00:52:05.680><c> bay</c><00:52:06.000><c> area</c>

00:52:06.790 --> 00:52:06.800 align:start position:0%
a company in the bay area
 

00:52:06.800 --> 00:52:09.990 align:start position:0%
a company in the bay area
that<00:52:07.440><c> fly</c><00:52:08.079><c> has</c><00:52:08.319><c> pilots</c><00:52:08.880><c> flying</c><00:52:09.280><c> over</c><00:52:09.680><c> farm</c>

00:52:09.990 --> 00:52:10.000 align:start position:0%
that fly has pilots flying over farm
 

00:52:10.000 --> 00:52:12.150 align:start position:0%
that fly has pilots flying over farm
fields<00:52:10.400><c> and</c><00:52:10.480><c> using</c><00:52:10.800><c> vision</c><00:52:11.119><c> algorithms</c>

00:52:12.150 --> 00:52:12.160 align:start position:0%
fields and using vision algorithms
 

00:52:12.160 --> 00:52:14.790 align:start position:0%
fields and using vision algorithms
to<00:52:12.559><c> figure</c><00:52:12.880><c> out</c><00:52:13.200><c> where</c><00:52:13.599><c> you</c><00:52:13.760><c> should</c><00:52:14.480><c> put</c><00:52:14.640><c> the</c>

00:52:14.790 --> 00:52:14.800 align:start position:0%
to figure out where you should put the
 

00:52:14.800 --> 00:52:15.670 align:start position:0%
to figure out where you should put the
fertilizer<00:52:15.440><c> or</c>

00:52:15.670 --> 00:52:15.680 align:start position:0%
fertilizer or
 

00:52:15.680 --> 00:52:17.589 align:start position:0%
fertilizer or
place<00:52:16.000><c> the</c><00:52:16.160><c> water</c><00:52:16.559><c> what</c><00:52:17.040><c> you</c><00:52:17.119><c> know</c><00:52:17.280><c> what</c><00:52:17.440><c> part</c>

00:52:17.589 --> 00:52:17.599 align:start position:0%
place the water what you know what part
 

00:52:17.599 --> 00:52:19.109 align:start position:0%
place the water what you know what part
of<00:52:17.680><c> the</c><00:52:17.760><c> field</c><00:52:18.079><c> needs</c><00:52:18.319><c> attention</c>

00:52:19.109 --> 00:52:19.119 align:start position:0%
of the field needs attention
 

00:52:19.119 --> 00:52:20.549 align:start position:0%
of the field needs attention
and<00:52:19.280><c> that</c><00:52:19.440><c> company</c><00:52:19.680><c> is</c><00:52:19.839><c> just</c><00:52:20.160><c> doing</c>

00:52:20.549 --> 00:52:20.559 align:start position:0%
and that company is just doing
 

00:52:20.559 --> 00:52:22.230 align:start position:0%
and that company is just doing
phenomenally<00:52:21.200><c> well</c><00:52:21.440><c> what's</c><00:52:21.680><c> the</c><00:52:21.760><c> name</c><00:52:22.000><c> of</c><00:52:22.079><c> the</c>

00:52:22.230 --> 00:52:22.240 align:start position:0%
phenomenally well what's the name of the
 

00:52:22.240 --> 00:52:22.710 align:start position:0%
phenomenally well what's the name of the
company

00:52:22.710 --> 00:52:22.720 align:start position:0%
company
 

00:52:22.720 --> 00:52:28.069 align:start position:0%
company
tara<00:52:23.119><c> avion</c><00:52:25.480><c> t-e-r-r-a-v-i-o-n</c>

00:52:28.069 --> 00:52:28.079 align:start position:0%
tara avion t-e-r-r-a-v-i-o-n
 

00:52:28.079 --> 00:52:30.150 align:start position:0%
tara avion t-e-r-r-a-v-i-o-n
two<00:52:28.319><c> of</c><00:52:28.400><c> my</c><00:52:28.640><c> students</c><00:52:29.200><c> i</c><00:52:29.359><c> went</c><00:52:29.599><c> to</c><00:52:29.680><c> work</c><00:52:29.920><c> for</c><00:52:30.079><c> my</c>

00:52:30.150 --> 00:52:30.160 align:start position:0%
two of my students i went to work for my
 

00:52:30.160 --> 00:52:31.990 align:start position:0%
two of my students i went to work for my
medical<00:52:30.559><c> device</c><00:52:30.880><c> company</c>

00:52:31.990 --> 00:52:32.000 align:start position:0%
medical device company
 

00:52:32.000 --> 00:52:35.349 align:start position:0%
medical device company
uh<00:52:32.640><c> med</c><00:52:32.880><c> robotics</c><00:52:34.240><c> so</c><00:52:34.800><c> that</c><00:52:34.960><c> was</c><00:52:35.119><c> nice</c><00:52:35.280><c> at</c>

00:52:35.349 --> 00:52:35.359 align:start position:0%
uh med robotics so that was nice at
 

00:52:35.359 --> 00:52:37.349 align:start position:0%
uh med robotics so that was nice at
least<00:52:35.599><c> to</c><00:52:35.680><c> keep</c><00:52:35.839><c> the</c><00:52:35.920><c> talents</c>

00:52:37.349 --> 00:52:37.359 align:start position:0%
least to keep the talents
 

00:52:37.359 --> 00:52:41.510 align:start position:0%
least to keep the talents
local<00:52:37.680><c> with</c><00:52:37.839><c> me</c><00:52:39.599><c> uh</c>

00:52:41.510 --> 00:52:41.520 align:start position:0%
local with me uh
 

00:52:41.520 --> 00:52:45.109 align:start position:0%
local with me uh
and<00:52:42.800><c> one</c><00:52:43.040><c> of</c><00:52:43.119><c> my</c><00:52:43.280><c> students</c><00:52:43.760><c> works</c><00:52:44.000><c> for</c><00:52:44.240><c> mitre</c>

00:52:45.109 --> 00:52:45.119 align:start position:0%
and one of my students works for mitre
 

00:52:45.119 --> 00:52:47.670 align:start position:0%
and one of my students works for mitre
which<00:52:45.280><c> is</c><00:52:45.359><c> sort</c><00:52:45.520><c> of</c><00:52:45.760><c> in</c><00:52:45.920><c> between</c><00:52:46.480><c> industry</c><00:52:47.280><c> and</c>

00:52:47.670 --> 00:52:47.680 align:start position:0%
which is sort of in between industry and
 

00:52:47.680 --> 00:52:48.950 align:start position:0%
which is sort of in between industry and
academia

00:52:48.950 --> 00:52:48.960 align:start position:0%
academia
 

00:52:48.960 --> 00:52:51.510 align:start position:0%
academia
but<00:52:49.200><c> i</c><00:52:49.440><c> i</c><00:52:49.680><c> have</c><00:52:49.760><c> to</c><00:52:49.920><c> say</c><00:52:50.480><c> i</c><00:52:50.720><c> have</c><00:52:50.880><c> been</c><00:52:51.200><c> very</c>

00:52:51.510 --> 00:52:51.520 align:start position:0%
but i i have to say i have been very
 

00:52:51.520 --> 00:52:53.430 align:start position:0%
but i i have to say i have been very
fortunate<00:52:52.160><c> to</c><00:52:52.319><c> have</c>

00:52:53.430 --> 00:52:53.440 align:start position:0%
fortunate to have
 

00:52:53.440 --> 00:52:56.150 align:start position:0%
fortunate to have
you<00:52:53.520><c> know</c><00:52:53.680><c> these</c><00:52:54.160><c> great</c><00:52:55.040><c> hard-working</c><00:52:55.760><c> people</c>

00:52:56.150 --> 00:52:56.160 align:start position:0%
you know these great hard-working people
 

00:52:56.160 --> 00:52:58.150 align:start position:0%
you know these great hard-working people
who<00:52:56.319><c> are</c><00:52:56.400><c> also</c><00:52:56.640><c> as</c><00:52:56.880><c> humble</c><00:52:57.200><c> as</c><00:52:57.359><c> can</c><00:52:57.520><c> be</c>

00:52:58.150 --> 00:52:58.160 align:start position:0%
who are also as humble as can be
 

00:52:58.160 --> 00:53:02.950 align:start position:0%
who are also as humble as can be
and<00:52:58.319><c> i</c><00:52:58.400><c> might</c><00:52:58.839><c> add</c><00:53:00.480><c> socially</c><00:53:01.040><c> and</c><00:53:01.200><c> emotionally</c>

00:53:02.950 --> 00:53:02.960 align:start position:0%
and i might add socially and emotionally
 

00:53:02.960 --> 00:53:05.990 align:start position:0%
and i might add socially and emotionally
better<00:53:03.359><c> balanced</c><00:53:03.839><c> than</c><00:53:04.000><c> i'll</c><00:53:04.160><c> ever</c><00:53:04.400><c> be</c><00:53:05.280><c> uh</c>

00:53:05.990 --> 00:53:06.000 align:start position:0%
better balanced than i'll ever be uh
 

00:53:06.000 --> 00:53:08.470 align:start position:0%
better balanced than i'll ever be uh
you<00:53:06.079><c> know</c><00:53:06.319><c> work</c><00:53:06.559><c> in</c><00:53:06.640><c> my</c><00:53:06.800><c> group</c><00:53:07.359><c> and</c><00:53:07.760><c> it's</c><00:53:08.160><c> it's</c>

00:53:08.470 --> 00:53:08.480 align:start position:0%
you know work in my group and it's it's
 

00:53:08.480 --> 00:53:10.470 align:start position:0%
you know work in my group and it's it's
been<00:53:08.559><c> quite</c><00:53:08.800><c> fortunate</c>

00:53:10.470 --> 00:53:10.480 align:start position:0%
been quite fortunate
 

00:53:10.480 --> 00:53:15.270 align:start position:0%
been quite fortunate
i<00:53:10.640><c> recently</c><00:53:11.119><c> started</c><00:53:11.839><c> a</c><00:53:12.160><c> second</c><00:53:12.839><c> company</c><00:53:13.680><c> and</c>

00:53:15.270 --> 00:53:15.280 align:start position:0%
i recently started a second company and
 

00:53:15.280 --> 00:53:17.430 align:start position:0%
i recently started a second company and
two<00:53:16.000><c> excuse</c><00:53:16.319><c> me</c><00:53:16.480><c> three</c><00:53:16.720><c> of</c><00:53:16.800><c> my</c><00:53:17.040><c> students</c><00:53:17.359><c> and</c>

00:53:17.430 --> 00:53:17.440 align:start position:0%
two excuse me three of my students and
 

00:53:17.440 --> 00:53:18.870 align:start position:0%
two excuse me three of my students and
one<00:53:17.599><c> of</c><00:53:17.599><c> my</c><00:53:17.760><c> staff</c><00:53:18.079><c> members</c>

00:53:18.870 --> 00:53:18.880 align:start position:0%
one of my staff members
 

00:53:18.880 --> 00:53:22.470 align:start position:0%
one of my staff members
uh<00:53:19.280><c> work</c><00:53:19.520><c> in</c><00:53:19.599><c> that</c><00:53:19.760><c> company</c><00:53:21.760><c> and</c><00:53:22.000><c> can</c><00:53:22.160><c> you</c><00:53:22.319><c> tell</c>

00:53:22.470 --> 00:53:22.480 align:start position:0%
uh work in that company and can you tell
 

00:53:22.480 --> 00:53:23.510 align:start position:0%
uh work in that company and can you tell
us<00:53:22.640><c> about</c><00:53:22.880><c> that</c>

00:53:23.510 --> 00:53:23.520 align:start position:0%
us about that
 

00:53:23.520 --> 00:53:26.150 align:start position:0%
us about that
that<00:53:23.680><c> company</c><00:53:24.000><c> is</c><00:53:24.160><c> making</c><00:53:24.640><c> a</c><00:53:24.880><c> modular</c><00:53:25.680><c> robot</c>

00:53:26.150 --> 00:53:26.160 align:start position:0%
that company is making a modular robot
 

00:53:26.160 --> 00:53:27.430 align:start position:0%
that company is making a modular robot
actuator

00:53:27.430 --> 00:53:27.440 align:start position:0%
actuator
 

00:53:27.440 --> 00:53:29.829 align:start position:0%
actuator
which<00:53:28.400><c> one</c><00:53:28.640><c> can</c><00:53:28.880><c> put</c><00:53:29.119><c> together</c><00:53:29.520><c> in</c><00:53:29.599><c> different</c>

00:53:29.829 --> 00:53:29.839 align:start position:0%
which one can put together in different
 

00:53:29.839 --> 00:53:31.670 align:start position:0%
which one can put together in different
configurations<00:53:30.559><c> to</c><00:53:30.640><c> make</c><00:53:30.800><c> a</c><00:53:30.880><c> robot</c><00:53:31.359><c> that</c><00:53:31.520><c> will</c>

00:53:31.670 --> 00:53:31.680 align:start position:0%
configurations to make a robot that will
 

00:53:31.680 --> 00:53:32.790 align:start position:0%
configurations to make a robot that will
be<00:53:31.920><c> robust</c>

00:53:32.790 --> 00:53:32.800 align:start position:0%
be robust
 

00:53:32.800 --> 00:53:36.390 align:start position:0%
be robust
you<00:53:32.960><c> know</c><00:53:33.119><c> good</c><00:53:33.359><c> enough</c><00:53:34.240><c> for</c><00:53:34.880><c> uh</c>

00:53:36.390 --> 00:53:36.400 align:start position:0%
you know good enough for uh
 

00:53:36.400 --> 00:53:40.790 align:start position:0%
you know good enough for uh
real<00:53:36.720><c> use</c><00:53:37.040><c> field</c><00:53:37.359><c> use</c><00:53:37.599><c> or</c><00:53:37.760><c> industrial</c><00:53:38.240><c> use</c>

00:53:40.790 --> 00:53:40.800 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:53:40.800 --> 00:53:42.710 align:start position:0%
 
great<00:53:41.200><c> um</c><00:53:41.599><c> is</c><00:53:41.760><c> there</c><00:53:41.839><c> anything</c><00:53:42.160><c> we</c><00:53:42.319><c> missed</c>

00:53:42.710 --> 00:53:42.720 align:start position:0%
great um is there anything we missed
 

00:53:42.720 --> 00:53:44.549 align:start position:0%
great um is there anything we missed
didn't<00:53:43.040><c> cover</c>

00:53:44.549 --> 00:53:44.559 align:start position:0%
didn't cover
 

00:53:44.559 --> 00:53:48.470 align:start position:0%
didn't cover
anything<00:53:45.599><c> let's</c><00:53:45.839><c> see</c><00:53:46.880><c> no</c><00:53:47.119><c> i</c><00:53:47.200><c> think</c>

00:53:48.470 --> 00:53:48.480 align:start position:0%
anything let's see no i think
 

00:53:48.480 --> 00:53:49.589 align:start position:0%
anything let's see no i think
i<00:53:48.640><c> don't</c><00:53:48.720><c> know</c><00:53:48.880><c> i'll</c><00:53:49.040><c> think</c><00:53:49.280><c> of</c><00:53:49.359><c> things</c>

00:53:49.589 --> 00:53:49.599 align:start position:0%
i don't know i'll think of things
 

00:53:49.599 --> 00:53:53.829 align:start position:0%
i don't know i'll think of things
afterwards<00:53:50.079><c> of</c><00:53:50.160><c> course</c><00:53:51.040><c> uh</c>

00:53:53.829 --> 00:53:53.839 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:53:53.839 --> 00:53:56.470 align:start position:0%
 
i'm<00:53:54.079><c> proud</c><00:53:54.400><c> to</c><00:53:54.640><c> say</c><00:53:55.040><c> that</c><00:53:55.280><c> the</c><00:53:55.440><c> work</c><00:53:55.839><c> with</c><00:53:56.160><c> dan</c>

00:53:56.470 --> 00:53:56.480 align:start position:0%
i'm proud to say that the work with dan
 

00:53:56.480 --> 00:53:58.549 align:start position:0%
i'm proud to say that the work with dan
goldman's<00:53:57.119><c> group</c><00:53:57.359><c> in</c><00:53:57.520><c> my</c><00:53:57.760><c> group</c>

00:53:58.549 --> 00:53:58.559 align:start position:0%
goldman's group in my group
 

00:53:58.559 --> 00:54:00.470 align:start position:0%
goldman's group in my group
is<00:53:58.720><c> going</c><00:53:58.880><c> to</c><00:53:58.960><c> result</c><00:53:59.520><c> in</c><00:53:59.680><c> our</c><00:53:59.920><c> first</c>

00:54:00.470 --> 00:54:00.480 align:start position:0%
is going to result in our first
 

00:54:00.480 --> 00:54:03.349 align:start position:0%
is going to result in our first
publication<00:54:01.119><c> in</c><00:54:01.280><c> science</c><00:54:01.839><c> in</c><00:54:01.920><c> two</c><00:54:02.079><c> weeks</c>

00:54:03.349 --> 00:54:03.359 align:start position:0%
publication in science in two weeks
 

00:54:03.359 --> 00:54:04.790 align:start position:0%
publication in science in two weeks
congratulations<00:54:04.160><c> yeah</c><00:54:04.319><c> that's</c><00:54:04.559><c> that's</c>

00:54:04.790 --> 00:54:04.800 align:start position:0%
congratulations yeah that's that's
 

00:54:04.800 --> 00:54:06.390 align:start position:0%
congratulations yeah that's that's
pretty<00:54:05.040><c> great</c>

00:54:06.390 --> 00:54:06.400 align:start position:0%
pretty great
 

00:54:06.400 --> 00:54:07.910 align:start position:0%
pretty great
and<00:54:06.559><c> again</c><00:54:06.880><c> it's</c><00:54:06.960><c> one</c><00:54:07.119><c> of</c><00:54:07.200><c> those</c><00:54:07.359><c> things</c><00:54:07.680><c> that</c>

00:54:07.910 --> 00:54:07.920 align:start position:0%
and again it's one of those things that
 

00:54:07.920 --> 00:54:09.109 align:start position:0%
and again it's one of those things that
we<00:54:08.079><c> could</c><00:54:08.240><c> have</c><00:54:08.319><c> done</c><00:54:08.480><c> it</c><00:54:08.559><c> without</c><00:54:08.800><c> him</c><00:54:09.040><c> he</c>

00:54:09.109 --> 00:54:09.119 align:start position:0%
we could have done it without him he
 

00:54:09.119 --> 00:54:10.470 align:start position:0%
we could have done it without him he
couldn't<00:54:09.280><c> do</c><00:54:09.359><c> it</c><00:54:09.440><c> without</c><00:54:09.760><c> us</c>

00:54:10.470 --> 00:54:10.480 align:start position:0%
couldn't do it without us
 

00:54:10.480 --> 00:54:13.589 align:start position:0%
couldn't do it without us
although<00:54:12.000><c> uh</c><00:54:12.559><c> i</c><00:54:12.640><c> think</c><00:54:12.800><c> we</c><00:54:12.960><c> needed</c><00:54:13.200><c> him</c><00:54:13.440><c> more</c>

00:54:13.589 --> 00:54:13.599 align:start position:0%
although uh i think we needed him more
 

00:54:13.599 --> 00:54:16.230 align:start position:0%
although uh i think we needed him more
than<00:54:13.680><c> he</c><00:54:13.839><c> needed</c><00:54:14.160><c> us</c>

00:54:16.230 --> 00:54:16.240 align:start position:0%
than he needed us
 

00:54:16.240 --> 00:54:19.510 align:start position:0%
than he needed us
anything<00:54:16.880><c> else</c><00:54:17.520><c> carnegie</c><00:54:17.920><c> mellon's</c><00:54:18.319><c> great</c><00:54:19.200><c> uh</c>

00:54:19.510 --> 00:54:19.520 align:start position:0%
anything else carnegie mellon's great uh
 

00:54:19.520 --> 00:54:21.750 align:start position:0%
anything else carnegie mellon's great uh
robotics<00:54:20.079><c> is</c><00:54:20.240><c> great</c>

00:54:21.750 --> 00:54:21.760 align:start position:0%
robotics is great
 

00:54:21.760 --> 00:54:25.349 align:start position:0%
robotics is great
uh<00:54:22.960><c> i'm</c><00:54:23.119><c> good</c><00:54:23.920><c> so</c><00:54:24.160><c> the</c><00:54:24.319><c> question</c><00:54:24.640><c> we</c><00:54:24.800><c> end</c><00:54:25.040><c> with</c>

00:54:25.349 --> 00:54:25.359 align:start position:0%
uh i'm good so the question we end with
 

00:54:25.359 --> 00:54:27.109 align:start position:0%
uh i'm good so the question we end with
is<00:54:25.680><c> what's</c><00:54:25.920><c> your</c><00:54:26.079><c> advice</c><00:54:26.400><c> to</c><00:54:26.559><c> young</c><00:54:26.800><c> people</c>

00:54:27.109 --> 00:54:27.119 align:start position:0%
is what's your advice to young people
 

00:54:27.119 --> 00:54:28.630 align:start position:0%
is what's your advice to young people
who<00:54:27.280><c> are</c><00:54:27.359><c> interested</c><00:54:27.839><c> in</c><00:54:28.000><c> a</c><00:54:28.160><c> career</c><00:54:28.480><c> in</c>

00:54:28.630 --> 00:54:28.640 align:start position:0%
who are interested in a career in
 

00:54:28.640 --> 00:54:31.430 align:start position:0%
who are interested in a career in
robotics

00:54:31.430 --> 00:54:31.440 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:54:31.440 --> 00:54:32.870 align:start position:0%
 
well<00:54:31.599><c> first</c><00:54:31.839><c> whenever</c><00:54:32.079><c> you</c><00:54:32.160><c> give</c><00:54:32.319><c> a</c><00:54:32.400><c> talk</c><00:54:32.720><c> make</c>

00:54:32.870 --> 00:54:32.880 align:start position:0%
well first whenever you give a talk make
 

00:54:32.880 --> 00:54:36.710 align:start position:0%
well first whenever you give a talk make
sure<00:54:33.119><c> the</c><00:54:33.280><c> videos</c><00:54:33.760><c> work</c><00:54:34.400><c> uh</c><00:54:34.880><c> before</c><00:54:35.200><c> your</c><00:54:35.440><c> talk</c>

00:54:36.710 --> 00:54:36.720 align:start position:0%
sure the videos work uh before your talk
 

00:54:36.720 --> 00:54:37.510 align:start position:0%
sure the videos work uh before your talk
because<00:54:37.040><c> if</c><00:54:37.119><c> you're</c><00:54:37.200><c> going</c><00:54:37.280><c> to</c><00:54:37.359><c> be</c>

00:54:37.510 --> 00:54:37.520 align:start position:0%
because if you're going to be
 

00:54:37.520 --> 00:54:39.910 align:start position:0%
because if you're going to be
interviewing<00:54:38.079><c> or</c><00:54:38.160><c> giving</c><00:54:38.400><c> a</c><00:54:38.480><c> presentation</c>

00:54:39.910 --> 00:54:39.920 align:start position:0%
interviewing or giving a presentation
 

00:54:39.920 --> 00:54:41.589 align:start position:0%
interviewing or giving a presentation
you<00:54:40.079><c> have</c><00:54:40.240><c> to</c><00:54:40.400><c> make</c><00:54:40.720><c> a</c><00:54:40.880><c> really</c><00:54:41.040><c> good</c><00:54:41.280><c> first</c>

00:54:41.589 --> 00:54:41.599 align:start position:0%
you have to make a really good first
 

00:54:41.599 --> 00:54:43.910 align:start position:0%
you have to make a really good first
impression<00:54:42.559><c> i</c><00:54:42.720><c> don't</c>

00:54:43.910 --> 00:54:43.920 align:start position:0%
impression i don't
 

00:54:43.920 --> 00:54:47.589 align:start position:0%
impression i don't
uh<00:54:44.720><c> so</c><00:54:44.880><c> that's</c><00:54:45.119><c> that's</c><00:54:45.440><c> one</c>

00:54:47.589 --> 00:54:47.599 align:start position:0%
uh so that's that's one
 

00:54:47.599 --> 00:54:50.230 align:start position:0%
uh so that's that's one
it's<00:54:47.920><c> very</c><00:54:48.319><c> easy</c><00:54:48.960><c> for</c><00:54:49.119><c> an</c><00:54:49.359><c> older</c><00:54:49.760><c> person</c><00:54:50.079><c> to</c>

00:54:50.230 --> 00:54:50.240 align:start position:0%
it's very easy for an older person to
 

00:54:50.240 --> 00:54:51.510 align:start position:0%
it's very easy for an older person to
tell<00:54:50.400><c> a</c><00:54:50.559><c> younger</c><00:54:50.880><c> person</c>

00:54:51.510 --> 00:54:51.520 align:start position:0%
tell a younger person
 

00:54:51.520 --> 00:54:54.069 align:start position:0%
tell a younger person
go<00:54:51.760><c> do</c><00:54:51.920><c> what</c><00:54:52.079><c> your</c><00:54:52.240><c> heart</c><00:54:52.559><c> says</c><00:54:53.520><c> go</c><00:54:53.760><c> do</c><00:54:53.920><c> what</c>

00:54:54.069 --> 00:54:54.079 align:start position:0%
go do what your heart says go do what
 

00:54:54.079 --> 00:54:54.870 align:start position:0%
go do what your heart says go do what
you<00:54:54.240><c> like</c>

00:54:54.870 --> 00:54:54.880 align:start position:0%
you like
 

00:54:54.880 --> 00:54:58.150 align:start position:0%
you like
you<00:54:55.040><c> know</c><00:54:55.200><c> i</c><00:54:55.440><c> i</c><00:54:55.680><c> got</c><00:54:55.839><c> that</c><00:54:56.079><c> advice</c><00:54:56.559><c> then</c><00:54:57.119><c> and</c>

00:54:58.150 --> 00:54:58.160 align:start position:0%
you know i i got that advice then and
 

00:54:58.160 --> 00:55:00.950 align:start position:0%
you know i i got that advice then and
it's<00:54:58.400><c> hard</c><00:54:58.640><c> to</c><00:54:58.799><c> follow</c><00:54:59.119><c> that</c><00:54:59.280><c> advice</c><00:54:59.839><c> because</c>

00:55:00.950 --> 00:55:00.960 align:start position:0%
it's hard to follow that advice because
 

00:55:00.960 --> 00:55:03.190 align:start position:0%
it's hard to follow that advice because
i<00:55:01.119><c> think</c><00:55:01.359><c> younger</c><00:55:01.760><c> people</c><00:55:02.160><c> either</c>

00:55:03.190 --> 00:55:03.200 align:start position:0%
i think younger people either
 

00:55:03.200 --> 00:55:04.470 align:start position:0%
i think younger people either
don't<00:55:03.440><c> know</c><00:55:03.680><c> what</c><00:55:03.760><c> their</c><00:55:03.920><c> hearts</c><00:55:04.160><c> telling</c>

00:55:04.470 --> 00:55:04.480 align:start position:0%
don't know what their hearts telling
 

00:55:04.480 --> 00:55:07.430 align:start position:0%
don't know what their hearts telling
them<00:55:05.520><c> or</c><00:55:06.000><c> at</c><00:55:06.079><c> the</c><00:55:06.240><c> very</c><00:55:06.480><c> very</c><00:55:06.720><c> least</c>

00:55:07.430 --> 00:55:07.440 align:start position:0%
them or at the very very least
 

00:55:07.440 --> 00:55:12.309 align:start position:0%
them or at the very very least
they<00:55:09.359><c> are</c><00:55:09.520><c> afraid</c><00:55:10.079><c> to</c><00:55:10.240><c> try</c><00:55:10.559><c> something</c><00:55:10.880><c> new</c>

00:55:12.309 --> 00:55:12.319 align:start position:0%
they are afraid to try something new
 

00:55:12.319 --> 00:55:15.109 align:start position:0%
they are afraid to try something new
so<00:55:12.480><c> my</c><00:55:12.720><c> advice</c><00:55:13.119><c> is</c><00:55:14.240><c> of</c><00:55:14.319><c> course</c><00:55:14.720><c> follow</c><00:55:14.960><c> your</c>

00:55:15.109 --> 00:55:15.119 align:start position:0%
so my advice is of course follow your
 

00:55:15.119 --> 00:55:16.549 align:start position:0%
so my advice is of course follow your
heart

00:55:16.549 --> 00:55:16.559 align:start position:0%
heart
 

00:55:16.559 --> 00:55:18.789 align:start position:0%
heart
but<00:55:16.720><c> if</c><00:55:16.880><c> you're</c><00:55:17.040><c> not</c><00:55:17.280><c> sure</c><00:55:17.520><c> about</c><00:55:17.760><c> that</c>

00:55:18.789 --> 00:55:18.799 align:start position:0%
but if you're not sure about that
 

00:55:18.799 --> 00:55:20.069 align:start position:0%
but if you're not sure about that
whatever<00:55:19.200><c> you</c><00:55:19.359><c> do</c>

00:55:20.069 --> 00:55:20.079 align:start position:0%
whatever you do
 

00:55:20.079 --> 00:55:22.950 align:start position:0%
whatever you do
try<00:55:20.319><c> and</c><00:55:20.480><c> find</c><00:55:20.799><c> something</c><00:55:21.119><c> else</c><00:55:21.280><c> to</c><00:55:21.440><c> do</c><00:55:21.599><c> too</c>

00:55:22.950 --> 00:55:22.960 align:start position:0%
try and find something else to do too
 

00:55:22.960 --> 00:55:25.270 align:start position:0%
try and find something else to do too
i'm<00:55:23.200><c> very</c><00:55:23.520><c> fortunate</c><00:55:24.079><c> that</c><00:55:24.319><c> regina</c><00:55:24.720><c> baichi</c>

00:55:25.270 --> 00:55:25.280 align:start position:0%
i'm very fortunate that regina baichi
 

00:55:25.280 --> 00:55:28.630 align:start position:0%
i'm very fortunate that regina baichi
forced<00:55:25.680><c> me</c><00:55:25.839><c> to</c><00:55:26.000><c> learn</c><00:55:26.400><c> robot</c><00:55:26.880><c> vision</c><00:55:28.160><c> i'm</c><00:55:28.319><c> very</c>

00:55:28.630 --> 00:55:28.640 align:start position:0%
forced me to learn robot vision i'm very
 

00:55:28.640 --> 00:55:30.630 align:start position:0%
forced me to learn robot vision i'm very
fortunate<00:55:29.119><c> that</c><00:55:29.280><c> when</c><00:55:29.440><c> i</c><00:55:29.520><c> was</c><00:55:29.680><c> in</c><00:55:29.760><c> college</c>

00:55:30.630 --> 00:55:30.640 align:start position:0%
fortunate that when i was in college
 

00:55:30.640 --> 00:55:32.390 align:start position:0%
fortunate that when i was in college
some<00:55:30.799><c> of</c><00:55:30.880><c> my</c><00:55:31.119><c> friends</c><00:55:31.520><c> got</c><00:55:31.680><c> me</c><00:55:31.839><c> to</c><00:55:32.000><c> practice</c>

00:55:32.390 --> 00:55:32.400 align:start position:0%
some of my friends got me to practice
 

00:55:32.400 --> 00:55:34.230 align:start position:0%
some of my friends got me to practice
taekwondo<00:55:33.119><c> these</c><00:55:33.280><c> are</c><00:55:33.440><c> things</c><00:55:33.680><c> i</c><00:55:33.839><c> normally</c>

00:55:34.230 --> 00:55:34.240 align:start position:0%
taekwondo these are things i normally
 

00:55:34.240 --> 00:55:35.430 align:start position:0%
taekwondo these are things i normally
wouldn't<00:55:34.480><c> have</c><00:55:34.640><c> done</c><00:55:34.799><c> it's</c><00:55:35.040><c> different</c><00:55:35.280><c> from</c>

00:55:35.430 --> 00:55:35.440 align:start position:0%
wouldn't have done it's different from
 

00:55:35.440 --> 00:55:37.670 align:start position:0%
wouldn't have done it's different from
robotics<00:55:35.920><c> just</c><00:55:36.160><c> try</c><00:55:36.319><c> and</c><00:55:36.480><c> do</c><00:55:36.720><c> something</c><00:55:37.280><c> else</c>

00:55:37.670 --> 00:55:37.680 align:start position:0%
robotics just try and do something else
 

00:55:37.680 --> 00:55:39.190 align:start position:0%
robotics just try and do something else
too

00:55:39.190 --> 00:55:39.200 align:start position:0%
too
 

00:55:39.200 --> 00:55:42.230 align:start position:0%
too
and<00:55:39.440><c> follow</c><00:55:39.680><c> your</c><00:55:39.760><c> heart</c><00:55:41.119><c> okay</c>

00:55:42.230 --> 00:55:42.240 align:start position:0%
and follow your heart okay
 

00:55:42.240 --> 00:55:43.589 align:start position:0%
and follow your heart okay
i<00:55:42.319><c> wish</c><00:55:42.559><c> i</c><00:55:42.640><c> had</c><00:55:42.799><c> better</c><00:55:42.960><c> advice</c><00:55:43.280><c> for</c><00:55:43.440><c> young</c>

00:55:43.589 --> 00:55:43.599 align:start position:0%
i wish i had better advice for young
 

00:55:43.599 --> 00:55:46.309 align:start position:0%
i wish i had better advice for young
people

00:55:46.309 --> 00:55:46.319 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:55:46.319 --> 00:55:47.670 align:start position:0%
 
oh<00:55:46.559><c> i</c><00:55:46.640><c> have</c><00:55:46.720><c> another</c><00:55:46.960><c> piece</c><00:55:47.200><c> of</c><00:55:47.280><c> advice</c><00:55:47.520><c> for</c>

00:55:47.670 --> 00:55:47.680 align:start position:0%
oh i have another piece of advice for
 

00:55:47.680 --> 00:55:49.349 align:start position:0%
oh i have another piece of advice for
young<00:55:47.920><c> people</c><00:55:48.640><c> okay</c>

00:55:49.349 --> 00:55:49.359 align:start position:0%
young people okay
 

00:55:49.359 --> 00:55:50.870 align:start position:0%
young people okay
so<00:55:49.520><c> two</c><00:55:49.680><c> pieces</c><00:55:49.920><c> of</c><00:55:50.000><c> advice</c><00:55:50.240><c> for</c><00:55:50.400><c> young</c><00:55:50.559><c> people</c>

00:55:50.870 --> 00:55:50.880 align:start position:0%
so two pieces of advice for young people
 

00:55:50.880 --> 00:55:53.990 align:start position:0%
so two pieces of advice for young people
one<00:55:51.599><c> make</c><00:55:51.760><c> sure</c><00:55:51.920><c> your</c><00:55:52.000><c> presentations</c><00:55:52.559><c> work</c>

00:55:53.990 --> 00:55:54.000 align:start position:0%
one make sure your presentations work
 

00:55:54.000 --> 00:55:57.510 align:start position:0%
one make sure your presentations work
my<00:55:54.160><c> other</c><00:55:54.400><c> piece</c><00:55:54.880><c> of</c><00:55:55.040><c> advice</c><00:55:55.599><c> to</c><00:55:55.839><c> young</c><00:55:56.079><c> people</c>

00:55:57.510 --> 00:55:57.520 align:start position:0%
my other piece of advice to young people
 

00:55:57.520 --> 00:56:00.630 align:start position:0%
my other piece of advice to young people
is<00:55:58.559><c> don't</c><00:55:58.799><c> be</c><00:55:59.040><c> afraid</c><00:55:59.760><c> to</c><00:56:00.000><c> admit</c>

00:56:00.630 --> 00:56:00.640 align:start position:0%
is don't be afraid to admit
 

00:56:00.640 --> 00:56:03.910 align:start position:0%
is don't be afraid to admit
you<00:56:00.799><c> don't</c><00:56:01.040><c> know</c><00:56:01.200><c> something</c><00:56:02.960><c> often</c>

00:56:03.910 --> 00:56:03.920 align:start position:0%
you don't know something often
 

00:56:03.920 --> 00:56:06.309 align:start position:0%
you don't know something often
we're<00:56:04.160><c> asked</c><00:56:04.480><c> a</c><00:56:04.559><c> question</c><00:56:05.599><c> and</c><00:56:05.680><c> we</c><00:56:05.920><c> feel</c><00:56:06.079><c> like</c>

00:56:06.309 --> 00:56:06.319 align:start position:0%
we're asked a question and we feel like
 

00:56:06.319 --> 00:56:07.990 align:start position:0%
we're asked a question and we feel like
if<00:56:06.480><c> we</c><00:56:06.559><c> don't</c><00:56:06.799><c> answer</c><00:56:07.200><c> it</c>

00:56:07.990 --> 00:56:08.000 align:start position:0%
if we don't answer it
 

00:56:08.000 --> 00:56:11.589 align:start position:0%
if we don't answer it
we're<00:56:08.240><c> a</c><00:56:08.319><c> failure</c><00:56:10.480><c> it's</c><00:56:10.720><c> okay</c><00:56:11.040><c> to</c><00:56:11.200><c> say</c>

00:56:11.589 --> 00:56:11.599 align:start position:0%
we're a failure it's okay to say
 

00:56:11.599 --> 00:56:13.910 align:start position:0%
we're a failure it's okay to say
i<00:56:11.839><c> don't</c><00:56:12.079><c> know</c><00:56:12.640><c> it's</c><00:56:12.799><c> okay</c><00:56:13.040><c> to</c><00:56:13.200><c> say</c><00:56:13.440><c> hey</c><00:56:13.599><c> let</c><00:56:13.760><c> me</c>

00:56:13.910 --> 00:56:13.920 align:start position:0%
i don't know it's okay to say hey let me
 

00:56:13.920 --> 00:56:15.109 align:start position:0%
i don't know it's okay to say hey let me
think<00:56:14.079><c> about</c><00:56:14.319><c> that</c><00:56:14.480><c> and</c><00:56:14.559><c> i'll</c><00:56:14.720><c> get</c><00:56:14.880><c> back</c><00:56:15.040><c> to</c>

00:56:15.109 --> 00:56:15.119 align:start position:0%
think about that and i'll get back to
 

00:56:15.119 --> 00:56:15.990 align:start position:0%
think about that and i'll get back to
you

00:56:15.990 --> 00:56:16.000 align:start position:0%
you
 

00:56:16.000 --> 00:56:19.430 align:start position:0%
you
that's<00:56:16.319><c> fine</c><00:56:17.760><c> i</c><00:56:17.920><c> think</c><00:56:18.079><c> what</c><00:56:18.240><c> may</c><00:56:18.559><c> trouble</c>

00:56:19.430 --> 00:56:19.440 align:start position:0%
that's fine i think what may trouble
 

00:56:19.440 --> 00:56:20.789 align:start position:0%
that's fine i think what may trouble
some<00:56:19.680><c> young</c><00:56:19.920><c> people</c><00:56:20.240><c> is</c><00:56:20.319><c> they</c><00:56:20.480><c> think</c><00:56:20.640><c> they</c>

00:56:20.789 --> 00:56:20.799 align:start position:0%
some young people is they think they
 

00:56:20.799 --> 00:56:22.870 align:start position:0%
some young people is they think they
know<00:56:20.960><c> it</c><00:56:21.119><c> all</c><00:56:22.000><c> and</c><00:56:22.160><c> then</c><00:56:22.319><c> they're</c><00:56:22.559><c> asked</c><00:56:22.799><c> a</c>

00:56:22.870 --> 00:56:22.880 align:start position:0%
know it all and then they're asked a
 

00:56:22.880 --> 00:56:23.990 align:start position:0%
know it all and then they're asked a
question<00:56:23.119><c> that</c><00:56:23.200><c> they</c><00:56:23.359><c> don't</c><00:56:23.440><c> know</c><00:56:23.599><c> the</c><00:56:23.680><c> answer</c>

00:56:23.990 --> 00:56:24.000 align:start position:0%
question that they don't know the answer
 

00:56:24.000 --> 00:56:24.309 align:start position:0%
question that they don't know the answer
to

00:56:24.309 --> 00:56:24.319 align:start position:0%
to
 

00:56:24.319 --> 00:56:27.030 align:start position:0%
to
and<00:56:24.480><c> that</c><00:56:24.559><c> just</c><00:56:24.880><c> rocks</c><00:56:25.119><c> their</c><00:56:25.359><c> world</c><00:56:26.640><c> get</c><00:56:26.799><c> over</c>

00:56:27.030 --> 00:56:27.040 align:start position:0%
and that just rocks their world get over
 

00:56:27.040 --> 00:56:28.710 align:start position:0%
and that just rocks their world get over
that

00:56:28.710 --> 00:56:28.720 align:start position:0%
that
 

00:56:28.720 --> 00:56:31.750 align:start position:0%
that
we<00:56:28.960><c> know</c><00:56:29.280><c> very</c><00:56:29.599><c> little</c><00:56:29.920><c> as</c><00:56:30.400><c> as</c><00:56:30.640><c> it</c><00:56:30.799><c> is</c><00:56:31.359><c> and</c><00:56:31.520><c> it's</c>

00:56:31.750 --> 00:56:31.760 align:start position:0%
we know very little as as it is and it's
 

00:56:31.760 --> 00:56:33.030 align:start position:0%
we know very little as as it is and it's
okay<00:56:32.079><c> not</c><00:56:32.240><c> to</c><00:56:32.319><c> know</c><00:56:32.559><c> something</c>

00:56:33.030 --> 00:56:33.040 align:start position:0%
okay not to know something
 

00:56:33.040 --> 00:56:35.190 align:start position:0%
okay not to know something
because<00:56:33.440><c> that</c><00:56:33.680><c> will</c><00:56:33.839><c> be</c><00:56:34.000><c> the</c><00:56:34.240><c> opportunity</c><00:56:35.040><c> to</c>

00:56:35.190 --> 00:56:35.200 align:start position:0%
because that will be the opportunity to
 

00:56:35.200 --> 00:56:39.030 align:start position:0%
because that will be the opportunity to
go<00:56:35.440><c> learn</c><00:56:35.599><c> something</c><00:56:35.839><c> new</c>

00:56:39.030 --> 00:56:39.040 align:start position:0%
 
 

00:56:39.040 --> 00:56:42.470 align:start position:0%
 
okay<00:56:39.280><c> i'm</c><00:56:39.520><c> 30</c><00:56:39.839><c> advice</c><00:56:41.599><c> thank</c><00:56:41.760><c> you</c><00:56:41.920><c> very</c><00:56:42.079><c> much</c>

00:56:42.470 --> 00:56:42.480 align:start position:0%
okay i'm 30 advice thank you very much
 

00:56:42.480 --> 00:56:45.680 align:start position:0%
okay i'm 30 advice thank you very much
hey<00:56:42.640><c> thank</c><00:56:42.799><c> you</c><00:56:42.880><c> if</c><00:56:43.040><c> you're</c><00:56:43.200><c> interested</c>